语法专项——六大时态，二大语态 2025-2026学年沪教牛津版（2012）英语九年级下册

一对一个性化辅导教案 学生 KIKI 时段 4:30-6:30 日期 2026.2.6 课题 九年级下册语法专项——六大时态，二大语态 阅读强化 课前小练习 ( ) 1. --He is tired. Let me go ________. ---We will go there on foot_______ by bus. A. instead of; instead B. instead of; instead of C. instead; instead D. instead; instead of ( ) 2. --I think the wheel is a great invention. --I agree with you. I can’t imagine ______ without it. A. to live B. lived C. living D. live ( ) 3. ---Remember this, children. ____ careful you are, _____ mistakes you will make. ---We know, Miss Gao. A. The more; the more B. the fewer; the more C. The more; the fewer D. The less; the less ( ) 4. This question is_______ that one. A. so easy as B. as difficult as C. much difficult than D. less easier than ( ) 5. She isn’t so ______ at math as you are. A. well B. good C. better D. best ( ) 6. This book is ______ that one, but _______ than that one. A. as difficult as; expensive B. as more difficult as; more expensive C. as difficult as; more expensive D. so more difficult as; as expensive ( )7. Nobody knows why dinosaurs _____ suddenly. A. looked out B. came out C. went out D. died out ( )8. —Mum, I don’t know this new word. —You can ______ it ______ in a dictionary. A. look; at B. look; for C. look; up D. look; after ( )9. I was looking for a birthday gift for my mother, but I couldn’t find _____ suitable. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything ( )10. Mr. Green often challenges me ______ a chess game. A. for B. of C. with D. to 中考语法复习——六大时态 考点一 一般现在时 知识梳理 1.构成及动词第三人称单数变化形式 ①谓语动词的构成：do/does ②如果主语为第三人称单数,则一般在动词原形后加-s或-es,其变化规则如下: 情况 规则 例词 一般情况 加-s eat→eats; rise→rises 以-s、-x、-ch、-sh、-o、-z结尾的动词 加-es discuss→discusses;teach→teaches 以“辅音字母加-y”结尾的动词 变-y为-ies carry→carries; fly→flies 2.一般现在时具体用法 1. 表示经常性的动作，常与usually，always，often，sometimes，never，every day等表示频度的时间状语连用。 On Monday morning it usually takes me an hour to drive to work. 星期一早晨，我通常花费一小时开车去上班。 2. 表示客观真理、格言或者警句等。 As we all know, the earth travels around the sun.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。 3. 表示按规定、时间表、计划或安排要发生的动作。动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return, live, fly等，常用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作。 My dream school starts at 8：30 am and ends at 3：30 pm. 我理想的学校上午8：30上课，下午3：30放学。 4. 在时间、条件等状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 If you come this afternoon, we'll have a meeting.如果你今天下午过来，我们将开个会。 5. 以here/there开头引导的倒装句，表示正在发生的动作/状态 There goes the bell.铃响了。 6. 用于文章标题、图片说明、电影说明、戏剧内容及场景解说等。 The film explores the daily lives of ordinary people in a small town. 这部电影探索了小镇上普通人的日常生活。 【易错提醒】 1. 表示客观真理时，宾语从句不受主句的限制，用一般现在时。 2. if 条件状语从句中可用shall 或will 表示意愿，但不表示时态。 3. be ,like ,hate, sound, believe, want, belong等，常用一般现在时。 4.句型I hope, I bet等候面的that...从句及句型 make sure that从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 即时训练 1．—Who is that lady? —She’s Miss Green. She ________ us music, and she is so good. A．taught B．teaches C．has taught D．is teaching 2．My mom ________ zongzi for us every Dragon Boat Festival. I like zongzi with red beans. A．made B．makes C．will make D．has made 3．Mary’s room is in a mess. there ______ a new computer and too many books on the floor. A．were B．is C．are D．was 4．—Hello, is that Jim speaking? This is Peter speaking. —Sorry. Jim ________ for the station to meet his father. His train ________ at 2: 30 p.m. A．will leave; will arrive B．leaves; was arriving C．is leaving; was arriving D．is leaving; arrives 填空题。 1.He usually ________ (get) up at 6:30 in the morning. 2.The earth ________ (go) around the sun. 3.My sister ________ (not like) playing basketball, but she likes swimming. 4.—What ________ your mother ________ (do)? —She ________ (be) a teacher. 5.They often ________ (walk) to school because their home is near. 6.The boy ________ (have) a new bike. He ________ (ride) it every day. 7.Water ________ (boil) at 100℃. 8.—________ (be) your parents at home? —Yes, they ________ (watch) TV now.（兼顾现在进行时对比） 9.She ________ (can speak) English very well. 10.Tom and I ________ (not go) to the park on weekdays. 考点二 一般过去时 知识梳理 1.构成及动词过去式的变化规则 谓语动词的构成：did 情况 规则 例词 一般情况 加-ed play→ played; discuss→discussed 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词 变y为-ied carry→carried; try→tried 以一个辅音字母结尾的重度闭音节动词 双写辅音字母加-ed plan→ planned; refer→ referred 以不发音的e结尾的动词 直接加-d provide→ provided; like→liked 2.一般过去时具体用法 ①表示在过去发生的一次性动作或习惯性动作或存在的状态，常用yesterday，last year，in 1995，the other day等作时间状语。 例1. The other day I came across an old friend on the top of Mount Tai. 前几天，我在泰山顶上偶然遇到了一位老朋友。 例2.He came to work here two weeks ago. 他两周前来这儿上班的。 ②表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。 例1.When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我小时候，经常在大街上踢足球。 例2.Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. Brown 妇访问期间，不论走到哪里，都受到了热烈的欢迎。 ③用于固定句型中。 It is/has been＋一段时间＋since...did sth.自从做某事已经一段时间了 即时训练 一．填空题 1. I ________ (see) a film with my friend yesterday evening. 2. They ________ (not finish) their homework last night. 3. —________ you ________ (go) to the zoo last Sunday? —No, I ________ (stay) at home. 4. He ________ (eat) a hamburger for breakfast this morning. 5. My father ________ (buy) a new phone for me last month. 6. The students ________ (have) a sports meeting three days ago. 7. She ________ (not dance) at the party yesterday. 8. —What ________ he ________ (do) just now? —He ________ (draw) a picture. 9. We ________ (visit) our grandparents last weekend. 10. The rain ________ (stop) an hour ago. 二．选择题。 1．—Hi, Judy! I haven’t seen you for a long time. —Yes. I as a volunteer teacher in the northwest of China. I came back last week. A．worked B．am working C．have worked D．work 2．Qiu Yumo from Shenzhen ________ AI Button last year. It’s an online AI learning tool for middle school students. A．makes B．made C．was making D．had made 3．— How was your May Day holiday? — Wonderful, I ________ with my parents. We had a great time. A．travelled B．will travel C．travel D．am travelling 4．—Has your sister come back from Yunnan? —Yes. She ________ there for two months to help training teachers in the countryside. A．stays B．stayed C．has stayed D．will stay 5．—Have you ever taken the high-speed train from Tianjin to Beijing? —Yes, I ________ it last summer. It’s fast and convenient. A．am taking B．took C．take D．will take、 考点三 一般将来时 知识梳理 1.一般将来时的构成 谓语动词的构成： 1. will/shall＋动词原形 2. be going to＋动词原形 易错辨析 will 用于条件句时，will表意愿 The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. 最好的运动是你喜欢并且愿意做的运动。 be going to 用于条件句时，be going to表将来 If you are going to make a journey, you’d better get ready for it as soon as possible. 即时训练 1． 填空题。 用 will 或 be going to 填空 1. I ________ (visit) my uncle next week. I have already bought the ticket. 2. —What ________ you ________ (do) tomorrow afternoon? —I ________ (play) football with my classmates. 3. It ________ (rain) this afternoon, look at the dark clouds. 4. He ________ (not go) to the cinema tonight, he has too much homework. 5. —________ your mother ________ (cook) fish for dinner? —Yes, she likes cooking fish for us. 6. They ________ (have) an English test next Monday. 7. I think he ________ (win) the game because he practices very hard. 8. We ________ (clean) the classroom after school this afternoon. 9. The train ________ (leave) at 8 o’clock tomorrow morning. 10. She ________ (learn) to play the piano next term. 二．选择题。 1．Come here, Sally! I ________ you some wonderful pictures. A．show B．showed C．was showing D．will show 2．— I ________ Mount Huangshan with my parents.     — Really? I really admire you. Have a good time! A．was visiting B．have visited C．will visit D．visited 3．—Do you think ________ more pollution in a few years? —Yes! So we must do something to save the earth. A．there is B．there will have C．there are D．there will be 4．—We ________ to Hebei Museum with the exchange students this coming summer holiday. —That’s amazing. A．went B．will go C．go D．have gone 5．— Why are you saving money? — Mom’s birthday is around the corner. I ______ a gift for her. A．buy B．bought C．will buy D．was buying 考点四 现在进行时 知识梳理 1. 现在进行时的定义和构成 谓语动词的定义： 现在进行时主要用于表示目前正在进行的动作，有时也可表示现阶段在进行的动作。 The teacher is giving us an English lesson. 老师正在给我们上英语课。 The farmers are getting in their crops. 农民们正在收割庄稼。 We are making preparations for the conference. 我们一直在为会议作准备。 谓语动词的构成：＋doing 2.动词变现在分词的变化规则 情况 规则 例词 一般情况 加-ing try→trying; cry→crying 以不发音的e结尾的动词， 去掉e，加­ing hate→hating；date→dating 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词， 双写辅音字母加­ing regret→regretting；ban→banning 即时训练 1． 填空题。 1. Look! The children ________ (play) football on the playground. 2. —What ________ you ________ (do) now? —I ________ (read) an English book. 3. Listen! Someone ________ (sing) in the next room. 4. My mother ________ (cook) dinner in the kitchen at the moment. 5. They ________ (not watch) TV now, they ________ (do) their homework. 6. The boy ________ (draw) a picture on the blackboard. 7. We ________ (have) a Chinese class now. 8. —Is your father at home? —Yes, he ________ (wash) his car. 9. She ________ (talk) with her friend on the phone now. 10. The workers ________ (build) a new house near our school these days. 二．选择题。 1．You ________, Frank. Don’t talk on the phone. A．will drive B．have driven C．are driving D．were driving 2．—Hello, is Eric busy? —Yes, he ______ the poem Happy Rain on a Spring Night by Du Fu. A．reads B．read C．is reading D．will read 3．—It’s quite noisy in the classroom. —So it is. All the students ________ happily because of the coming party. A．talk B．are talking C．talked D．were talking 4．—You know, new energy technologies in China ______ rapidly these years. —Yes, we can see lots of cars with new energy on the streets. A．are progressing B．will progress C．were progressing D．have been progressed 5．Mary always makes careful notes while she ________. A．is read B．will read C．has read D．is reading 6．—How time flies! Our junior high ________ to an end. —I can’t forget the happy time we have spent together. A．comes B．came C．was coming D．is coming 考点五 过去进行时 知识梳理 1.过去进行时的结构 结构 肯定句 主语+was/were + 现在分词 In 2022，she was studying in a university. 2022年的时候她在上大学。 否定句 主语+was/were not +现在分词 This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV.He was repairing his bike.昨天这个时候，杰克不是在看电视，而是在修理自行车。 一般疑问句 was/were + 主语+ 现在分词 肯定回答： Yes，主语+was / were. 否定回答：No，主语+wasn't / weren't. Were you playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午四点你们在打篮球吗? Yes，we were./No，we weren’t.是的，我们在打。/不，我们没打。 特殊疑问句 疑问词+was / were＋主语+动词-ing形式 What were you doing at this time yesterday? 昨天这个时候你在做什么? What was he researching all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在研究什么? 时间标志词 then，at that time，at ten yesterday，at this time yesterday，this morning，the whole morning，all day，from nine to ten last evening，when，while等. 即时训练 1． 填空题。 1. I ________ (do) my homework at 8 o’clock last night. 2. —What ________ your brother ________ (do) when the rain came? —He ________ (play) computer games. 3. While my mother ________ (cook), my father ________ (read) a newspaper. 4. The students ________ (have) a class when the bell rang. 5. She ________ (not sing) at 9 o’clock yesterday morning, she ________ (dance). 6. —Were you ________ (watch) TV at that time? —No, I ________ (listen) to music. 7. When I ________ (go) to school this morning, I saw a cat in the street. 8. He ________ (ride) his bike when he met his old friend. 9. While they ________ (play) football, it began to rain. 10. My sister ________ (draw) a picture when I came back home yesterday. 2． 选择题。 1．Students in Grade Nine ________ a math exam at this time yesterday. A．take B．took C．were taking D．have taken 2．—I saw your light was still on at 11:30 last night. —Oh, I ________ for my math test. A．prepared B．am preparing C．was preparing 3．I didn’t answer your phone, as I ______ a shower then. A．take B．am taking C．was taking D．will take 4．—Why are you so worried, Xiao Lei? —Because I ________ extra lessons the whole holiday and haven’t finished my homework. A．was attending B．attended C．have attended D．attend 5．Mary ________ the house when her friend called her yesterday evening. A．cleans B．will clean C．is cleaning D．was cleaning 6．— Do you know the great Chinese poet Li Bai? — Sure. He wrote many poems about the pretty mountains and rivers while he ________ in Anhui. A．travels B．will travel C．was traveling D．has traveled 考点六 现在完成时 知识梳理 1.现在完成时基本结构： 主语+have/has+动词的过去分词 ①肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+宾语. ②否定句：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词）+宾语. ③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+宾语. ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词（V-ed）+其他） 2.动词变过去分词规则 情况 规则 例词 一般情况 加-ed play→ played→played ; discuss→discussed→discussed 以不发音的-e结尾的动词 加-d like→ liked→ liked; live →lived→ lived 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词 变y为-ied carry→carried; try→tried 以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母 双写词尾辅音字母，再加-ed stop→ stopped →stopped; plan →planned →planned; skip →skipped→ skipped; occur→ occurred →occurred; 3.现在完成时的具体用法 ①表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常用的时间状语：already，so far，never，just，before，recently，for a long time，in the past/last few years等。 Great changes have taken place in our city in the past ten years. 在过去的10年中我们的城市发生了很大变化。 ②现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的、持续到现在的动作(用行为动词表示)或状态(be动词表示)，常与for(+时间段)，since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用，谓语动词必须是延续性动词。如： He has lived here since 1990. 自从1990年以来，他一直住在这儿。(动作起始于1990年，一直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。) 注意：for和since的用法。 ①for + 时间段 译为：……时间 ②since + 过去一个时间点(译为：自从……以来) ③since + 时间段 + ago ④since + 从句(过去时) ⑤It is + 时间段 + since + 从句(过去时) 即时训练 1． 填空题。 1. I ________ (finish) my homework already, so I can watch TV now. 2. —________ you ________ (read) this book before? —Yes, I ________ (read) it last month. 3. She ________ (not eat) breakfast yet, she is very hungry. 4. We ________ (live) in this city for 10 years. 5. He ________ (be) a teacher since 2018. 6. My parents ________ (never visit) the Great Wall. 7. —How long ________ you ________ (know) each other? —We ________ (know) each other since we were children. 8. The girl ________ (learn) English for 5 years. 9. I ________ (see) the film twice, it’s very interesting. 10. They ________ (not finish) the work yet, they need more time. 2． 选择题。 1．In the last few years, China ________ great achievements in the environmental protection. A．had made B．was making C．has made D．is making 2．In China, you can see people playing basketball in parks, schools and even factories. Basketball ______ a popular sport to play and watch. A．has become B．was becoming C．will become D．became 3．—All the students ________ a lot in the last 3 years of junior high. —Yes, in many ways, especially their values on love and respect. A．were changing B．had changed C．are changing D．have changed 4．—Have you heard of Sora? It can create videos from texts in one minute. —Yes. And everything in the videos looks so real. AI ________ rapidly in recent years. A．is developing B．will develop C．has developed 5．—What a beautiful bike! How long have you ________ it? —For just three days. A．bought B．had C．received D．hired 6．The Reader ______ popular with a great many people since it first came out on CCTV in February. A．is B．was C．will be D．has been 7．—Millie is worried about her brother who has joined the medical team to Africa. —He is so brave! I wonder ________. A．how long he has been to Africa B．whether he has gone to Africa before C．how many times he has been in Africa 中考语法复习——被动语态 考点一 被动语态的基本句型 知识梳理 句型 构成 例句 肯定句 主语 + be + 过去分词( + by... ) English is spoken everywhere. 到处有人说英语。 否定句 主语 + be + not + 过去分词( + by…) English isn’ t spoken by people here. 这里的人不说英语。 一般疑问句 Be + 主语 + 过去分词(+ by...)? —Was Tom asked to come early? 汤姆被要求早点来吗? —Yes, he was. 是的，他被要求了。/No, he wasn’ t. 不，他没有。 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + be + 主语 + 过去分词(+by...)? Why was this bridge destroyed by the government? 政府为什么要拆毁这座桥? 被动语态 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 do / does am / is / are done 一般过去时 did was / were done 现在进行时 am / is / are doing am / is / are being done 过去进行时 was / were doing was / were being done 一般将来时 will / shall do will / shall be done 现在完成时 has / have done has / have been done 过去完成时 had done had been done 过去将来时 should / would do should / would be done 1. This kind of machine is made in Guangzhou. 2. The computer was stolen. 3. A new road is being built outside my house. 4. The man was being questioned by the police. 5. Your wallet has been found. 6. Your watch will be repaired. 英语动词有两种语态： 和 。 被动语态的构成： 1. 昨天的会上问了很多问题。 Many questions at yesterday’s meeting. 2. 学生们每周都清洁教室的窗户。 The classroom windows ___________ ___________ by the students every week. 把下列主动语态改为被动语态: 1、We often use a recorder in our English class. 2、They will show a new film next week. 3、I saw the boy enter the room. 4、We often see him help his classmate. 5、You must turn off the light before you go to bed. 被动语态的用法 （1）动作的执行者不知道是谁或难以说明时常用被动语态。例如： Street lights are often turned on at six in winter. The new text book will be used next term. （2）当动作的承受者比起动作的执行者来说更能引起人们的关心而需要加以强调时，要用被动语态。例如： This kind of bicycle is not sold in our shop. The thief was caught by a policeman yesterday. （3）在主动语态句中动词make、have、let、see、watch、hear、等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不定式不加to。但变成被动语态时后面的不定式都须加上to。 主动形式 被动形式 see sb do… → be seen to do hear sb do…. → be heard to do make sb do… → be made to do The boy was made __________（工作）for 12 hours in the factory in he old days. 特殊用法： 1.主动表被动 有些动词既可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词，当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或使用性能，是不及物动词，不用被动语态， 常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等。如： The cloth washes easily. 这布很好洗。 The new computer sells well. 这新款电脑很畅销。 The printer prints quickly. 这个打印机打印很快。 对比：The books sell well. (主动句) The books were sold out. (被动句) 2.只有动宾结构才有被动语态。下列情况的主动句不能改为被动句： （1）感官、连系动词无被动意义，如：feel, look, seem, taste, sound, smell等。 The material feels very soft. The food tastes delicious. （2）take place, happen, come out, come true等不及物动词短语没有被动语态。 The accident took place last night. 选择填空: 1. The reading room ________ yesterday afternoon. A. cleaned B. is cleaned C. was cleaning D. was cleaned 2. The workers were made ________ ten hours a day. A. work B. to work C. working D. worked 3. Food ________ in a cool place in summer. A. must keep B. mustn’t keep C. must be kept D. mustn’t be kept 4. His father ________ to work in Hong Kong 3 years ago. A. sent B. was sent C. has sent D. has been sent 5. The pen ________ well. A. writes B. is written C. was written D. writing 6. Great changes ________ in the town since 1988. A. have taken place B. have been taken place C. has taken place D. has been taken place 7. Our compositions must ________ next Monday. A. be hand in B. be handed in C. handed in D. be handing in 8. The child will ________ back to his parents next month. A. sent B. send C. be sent D. be sending 9. ____ his work ____ yet? A. have…been finished B. has …been finished C. has …finished D. have…finished 10. The classroom ________ now. A. is cleaning B. is being cleaning C. is being cleaned D. is cleaned 用适当时态和语态的动词填空: 1、Can he __________________ (speak) English? 2、What language __________________ (speak) in that country? 3、The film __________________ (show) many times since last Sunday. 2、 These TV sets __________________ (make) in Sichuan. 5、It has got so dark. Would you please _____________ (turn) on the light? 6、A new hospital __________________ (build) in this area now. 7、__________________ the book __________________ (return)to the library? 8、Rice __________________ (grow) in the south. 9、The window __________________ (not break) by the boy. 10、I __________________ (tell) he ________ (not come) just now. 参考答案： 课前小练习 1.D 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.B 6.C 7.D 8.C 9.A 10.D 中考语法复习 —— 六大时态 考点一 一般现在时 选择题 1.B 2.B 3.B 4.D 填空题 1.gets 2.goes 3.doesn’t like 4.does; do; is 5.walk 6.has; rides 7.boils 8.Are; are watching 9.can speak 10.don’t go 考点二 一般过去时 填空题 1.saw 2.didn’t finish 3.Did; go; stayed 4.ate 5.bought 6.had 7.didn’t dance 8.did; do; drew 9.visited 10.stopped 选择题 1.A 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.B 考点三 一般将来时 填空题（will/be going to） 1.am going to visit 2.are; going to do; am going to play 3.is going to rain 4.won’t go/isn’t going to go 5.Will; cook/Is; going to cook 6.will have/are going to have 7.will win 8.will clean/are going to clean 9.will leave/is going to leave 10.will learn/is going to learn 选择题 1.D 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.C 考点四 现在进行时 填空题 1.are playing 2.are; doing; am reading 3.is singing 4.is cooking 5.aren’t watching; are doing 6.is drawing 7.are having 8.is washing 9.is talking 10.are building 选择题 1.C 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.D 6.D 考点五 过去进行时 填空题 1.was doing 2.was; doing; was playing 3.was cooking; was reading 4.were having 5.wasn’t singing; was dancing 6.watching; was listening 7.was going 8.was riding 9.were playing 10.was drawing 选择题 1.C 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.C 考点六 现在完成时 填空题 1.have finished 2.Have; read; read 3.hasn’t eaten 4.have lived 5.has been 6.have never visited 7.have; known; have known 8.has learned 9.have seen 10.haven’t finished 选择题 1.C 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.B 6.D 7.B 中考语法复习 —— 二大语态 基础填空 英语动词有两种语态：主动语态 和 被动语态。被动语态的构成：be + 动词的过去分词（根据时态变换 be 动词形式） 1. Many questions were asked at yesterday’s meeting. 2. The classroom windows are cleaned by the students every week. 主动变被动 1. A recorder is often used by us in our English class. 2. A new film will be shown by them next week. 3. The boy was seen to enter the room by me. 4. He is often seen to help his classmate by us. 5. The light must be turned off by you before you go to bed. 特殊用法填空 The boy was made to work for 12 hours in the factory in the old days. 选择填空 1.D 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.C 用适当时态和语态填空 1.speak 2.is spoken 3.has been shown 4.are made 5.turn 6.is being built 7.Has; been returned 8.is grown 9.wasn’t broken 10.was told; didn’t come 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $