Unit 2 单词表教师词汇备课 2025-2026学年外研版英语七年级下册

外研版七年级下册 Unit 2单词表 教师备课材料 1. attack 词性:v. (动词) & n. (名词) 词义:v. 袭击,殴打;抨击;(疾病)侵袭 n. 攻击;发作 近义词:v. assault, strike; n. offensive 反义词:v. defend, protect; n. defense 词性转换:attacker (n. 攻击者) 常见搭配:heart attack (心脏病发作), under attack (遭到攻击) 例句: The shark attacked the surfer. (鲨鱼袭击了冲浪者。) He suffered a sudden heart attack. (他突然心脏病发作。) 2. attention 词性:n. (名词) 词义:注意,专心,留心 近义词:concentration, notice 反义词:inattention, neglect (忽视) 词性转换:attentive (adj. 专注的) 常见搭配:pay attention (注意), draw/attract attention (吸引注意力) 例句: Please pay attention to the teacher. (请注意听老师讲。) The bright colours attract a lot of attention. (鲜艳的颜色吸引了很多注意力。) 3. both 词性:pron. (代词) & adj. (形容词) & adv. (副词) 词义:pron. 两者,双方 adj. 两个……都 adv. (与 and 连用) 既……又…… 近义词:the two 反义词:neither (两者都不) 常见搭配:both...and... (……和……都), both of them (他们俩) 例句: Both of my parents are teachers. (我的父母都是老师。) She is both smart and hardworking. (她既聪明又勤奋。) 4. breath 词性:n. (名词) 词义:呼出的气;吸入的气;气息 近义词:air 词性转换:breathe (v. 呼吸), breathless (adj. 喘不过气的) 常见搭配:take a deep breath (深呼吸), hold your breath (屏住呼吸), out of breath (上气不接下气) 例句: He ran so fast that he was out of breath. (他跑得太快,上气不接下气。) The audience held their breath as the acrobat performed. (杂技演员表演时,观众都屏住了呼吸。) 5. chance 词性:n. (名词) 词义:机会;可能性 近义词:opportunity, possibility 反义词:certainty (必然) 常见搭配:get/have a chance to do sth. (有机会做某事), by chance (偶然地) 例句: This is a good chance to improve your English. (这是一个提高你英语的好机会。) I met him by chance in the supermarket. (我在超市偶然遇见了他。) 6. cheer 词性:v. (动词) & n. (名词) 词义:v. (为……)欢呼,喝彩;鼓励 n. 欢呼;喝彩 近义词:v. applaud, encourage; n. applause 反义词:v. boo (发出嘘声) 词性转换:cheerful (adj. 欢乐的), cheers (interj. 干杯;谢谢;再见) 常见搭配:cheer up (振作起来), cheer for... (为……加油) 例句: Everyone cheered when our team scored a goal. (我们队进球时,大家都欢呼起来。) Cheer up! Things will get better. (振作起来!事情会好起来的。) 7. choice 词性:n. (名词) 词义:选择;选择权;被选中的人/物 近义词:option, selection 词性转换:choose (v. 选择), choosy (adj. 挑剔的) 常见搭配:make a choice (做出选择), have no choice but to... (除了……别无选择) 例句: You have a choice between tea and coffee. (你可以在茶和咖啡之间选择。) She made the right choice. (她做出了正确的选择。) 8. compare 词性:v. (动词) 词义:比较;对比;比喻为 近义词:contrast, liken 词性转换:comparison (n. 比较), comparable (adj. 可比较的), comparative (adj. 比较的) 常见搭配:compare A with/to B (将A与B比较), compared to/with... (与……相比) 例句: Compared with last year, our sales have doubled. (与去年相比,我们的销售额翻了一番。) Life is often compared to a journey. (人生常被比作一场旅程。) 9. confident 词性:adj. (形容词) 词义:有信心的,自信的 近义词:self-assured, sure 反义词:unconfident, shy, unsure 词性转换:confidence (n. 信心), confidently (adv. 自信地) 常见搭配:be confident about/in... (对……有信心) 例句: She is confident that she will pass the exam. (她有信心能通过考试。) He spoke in a confident voice. (他用自信的声音讲话。) 10. continue 词性:v. (动词) 词义:(使)继续;(使)延续 近义词:go on, carry on, proceed 反义词:stop, pause, discontinue 词性转换:continuous (adj. 连续不断的), continuation (n. 继续) 常见搭配:continue to do/doing sth. (继续做某事) 例句: The rain continued all day. (雨持续下了一整天。) She continued working despite being tired. (尽管累了,她还是继续工作。) 11. courage 词性:n. (名词) 词义:勇气,胆量 近义词:bravery, nerve 反义词:cowardice, fear 词性转换:courageous (adj. 勇敢的), encourage (v. 鼓励) 常见搭配:lose courage (丧失勇气), have the courage to do sth. (有勇气做某事) 例句: It takes courage to admit your mistakes. (承认错误需要勇气。) She encouraged me to try again. (她鼓励我再试一次。) 12. cross 词性:v. (动词) & n. (名词) & adj. (形容词) 词义:v. 穿过,越过;交叉 n. 十字形;十字架 adj. 生气的 近义词:v. go across, traverse; adj. angry 反义词:v. stay; adj. pleased 词性转换:crossing (n. 十字路口;横渡) 常见搭配:cross the road/river (过马路/河), cross the finishing line (冲过终点线) 例句: Look both ways before you cross the street. (过马路前要左右看。) The runner crossed the finishing line first. (那名跑步运动员第一个冲过了终点线。) 13. dream 词性:n. (名词) & v. (动词) 词义:n. 梦;梦想,理想 v. 做梦;梦想 近义词:n. ambition, fantasy; v. imagine 反义词:n. reality (现实) 词性转换:dreamer (n. 梦想家), dreamy (adj. 梦幻的) 常见搭配:have a dream (做一个梦;有一个梦想), dream of/about (doing) sth. (梦想/梦见(做)某事) 例句: I had a strange dream last night. (我昨晚做了个奇怪的梦。) She dreams of becoming a scientist. (她梦想成为一名科学家。) 14. either 词性:pron. (代词) & adj. (形容词) & adv. (副词) & conj. (连词) 词义:pron./adj. (两者中的)任何一个 adv. (用于否定句)也 conj. (either...or...) 要么……要么…… 近义词:pron./adj. any (of the two); adv. also (in negatives) 反义词:neither 常见搭配:either...or... (要么……要么……), not...either... (也不……) 例句: You can choose either book. (这两本书你可以选任何一本。) I don't like coffee, and I don't like tea either. (我不喜欢咖啡,也不喜欢茶。) Either you come with us or you stay here. (要么你跟我们一起走,要么你留在这里。) 15. encourage 词性:v. (动词) 词义:鼓励,激励;促进 近义词:inspire, support, urge 反义词:discourage, dissuade 词性转换:encouragement (n. 鼓励), encouraging (adj. 鼓舞人心的) 常见搭配:encourage sb. to do sth. (鼓励某人做某事) 例句: My parents always encourage me to do my best. (我的父母总是鼓励我做到最好。) His success encouraged others to try. (他的成功激励了其他人去尝试。) 16. fight 词性:v. (动词) & n. (名词) 词义:v. 打架;斗争;努力争取 n. 打架;战斗;斗争 近义词:v. struggle, combat; n. battle, struggle 反义词:v. surrender, give up; n. peace 词性转换:fighter (n. 战士;奋斗者) 常见搭配:fight for... (为……而战), fight against... (与……作斗争) 例句: They are fighting for their freedom. (他们正在为自由而战。) He never gives up without a fight. (他从不轻易放弃斗争。) 17. final 词性:adj. (形容词) & n. (名词) 词义:adj. 最后的;决定性的 n. 决赛;期末考试 近义词:adj. last, ultimate; n. last game, exam 反义词:adj. first, initial; n. semi-final (半决赛) 词性转换:finally (adv. 最后), finalize (v. 最终确定) 常见搭配:the final match (决赛), make a final decision (做出最后决定) 例句: This is my final offer. (这是我的最后出价。) Our team will play in the final. (我们队将参加决赛。) 18. finish 词性:v. (动词) & n. (名词) 词义:v. 完成,做完;结束 n. 结尾,最后部分 近义词:v. complete, end; n. end, conclusion 反义词:v. start, begin; n. start, beginning 词性转换:finished (adj. 完成的), finishing (adj. 最后的) 常见搭配:finish doing sth. (完成做某事), from start to finish (自始至终) 例句: Have you finished your homework? (你做完作业了吗?) The finish of the race was very exciting. (比赛的终点部分非常激动人心。) 19. fit 词性:adj. (形容词) & v. (动词) 词义:adj. 健壮的,健康的;合适的 v. (使)适合;安装 近义词:adj. healthy, suitable; v. suit, install 反义词:adj. unfit, unhealthy; v. remove 词性转换:fitness (n. 健康;适合), unfit (adj. 不健康的;不适合的) 常见搭配:keep fit (保持健康), fit in (适应;融入) 例句: He exercises every day to keep fit. (他每天锻炼以保持健康。) The key doesn't fit the lock. (这把钥匙打不开这把锁。) 20. goal 词性:n. (名词) 词义:进球;进球得分;目标;球门 近义词:aim, objective, target (目标) 词性转换:goalless (adj. 零比零的) 常见搭配:score a goal (进一个球), achieve one's goal (实现目标) 例句: His goal is to go to university. (他的目标是上大学。) She scored the winning goal in the last minute. (她在最后一分钟打进了制胜一球。) 21. gold 词性:adj. (形容词) & n. (名词) 词义:adj. 金质的;金色的 n. 黄金;金色 近义词:adj. golden 反义词:- 词性转换:golden (adj. 金制的;金色的;珍贵的) 常见搭配:gold medal (金牌), heart of gold (金子般的心) 例句: She won a gold medal at the Olympics. (她在奥运会上赢得了一枚金牌。) He gave her a gold ring. (他给了她一枚金戒指。) 22. last but not least 词性:短语 (Phrase) 词义:最后但同样重要的(一点)(用于引出最后一点,表示其重要性不亚于前面几点) 近义词:finally, and finally 常见搭配:通常用于演讲或列举的结尾。 例句: I'd like to thank my family, my friends, and last but not least, my teacher. (我要感谢我的家人、朋友,最后但同样重要的是,我的老师。) 23. lifelong 词性:adj. (形容词) 词义:终身的,毕生的 近义词:lasting, permanent 反义词:temporary, short-term 常见搭配:lifelong friend (终身朋友), lifelong learning (终身学习) 例句: They have been lifelong friends since childhood. (他们从童年起就是终身的朋友。) 24. line 词性:n. (名词) & v. (动词) 词义:n. 线;排;路线;台词 v. 沿……排列;划线于 近义词:n. queue, row, string 常见搭配:wait in line (排队等候), the finishing line (终点线), on the line (在电话线上;处于危险中) 例句: Please stand in a straight line. (请站成一条直线。) The runners are rushing towards the finishing line. (跑步运动员们正冲向终点线。) 25. lose 词性:v. (动词) 词义:失去;输掉(比赛、诉讼等);迷失 近义词:fail to win, miss 反义词:win, find, gain 词性转换:loss (n. 损失;失败), lost (adj. 失去的;迷路的) 常见搭配:lose weight (减肥), lose one's way (迷路), lose a game (输掉比赛) 例句: Don't lose your key. (别把你的钥匙弄丢了。) Our team lost the match by one point. (我们队以一分之差输了比赛。) 26. marathon 词性:n. (名词) 词义:马拉松赛跑;持久的活动 近义词:long-distance race 反义词:sprint (短跑) 常见搭配:run a marathon (跑马拉松) 例句: He is training hard for the marathon. (他正在为马拉松刻苦训练。) 27. match 词性:n. (名词) & v. (动词) 词义:n. 体育比赛,竞赛;火柴;相配的人/物 v. 与……相配/相称 近义词:n. game, competition; v. go with, suit 反义词:v. clash 词性转换:matchless (adj. 无可匹敌的) 常见搭配:football match (足球比赛), light a match (划火柴), match...with... (使……与……相配) 例句: We watched a great basketball match yesterday. (我们昨天看了一场精彩的篮球赛。) Your tie matches your shirt perfectly. (你的领带和衬衫非常相配。) 28. medal 词性:n. (名词) 词义:奖牌;勋章 近义词:award, prize 词性转换:medallist (n. 奖牌获得者) 常见搭配:win a medal (赢得奖牌), gold/silver/bronze medal (金/银/铜牌) 例句: The soldier was awarded a medal for his bravery. (这名士兵因勇敢被授予勋章。) 29. neither 词性:pron. (代词) & adj. (形容词) & adv. (副词) & conj. (连词) 词义:pron./adj. 两者都不(的) adv. 也不 conj. (neither...nor...) 既不……也不…… 近义词:not either 反义词:both 常见搭配:neither...nor... (既不……也不……), me neither (我也不) 例句: Neither of the answers is correct. (两个答案都不对。) "I don't like it." "Neither do I." (“我不喜欢它。”“我也不喜欢。”) He is neither tall nor short. (他既不高也不矮。) 30. none 词性:pron. (代词) & adv. (副词) 词义:pron. 全无,没有一点 adv. 毫不,毫无 近义词:not any, no one 反义词:all, everyone 常见搭配:none of... (……中没有一个), none at all (一点也没有) 例句: None of the students failed the exam. (没有一个学生考试不及格。) 辨析:none 指“三者或以上都不”,neither 指“两者都不”。 31. record 词性:n. (名词) / v. (动词) 词义:n. /'rek :d/ 记录,记载;唱片;最好成绩 v. /r 'k :d/ 记录;录制 近义词:n. file, log; v. write down, tape 反义词:v. erase (抹去) 词性转换:recorder (n. 录音机;记录员) 常见搭配:break a record (打破纪录), keep a record of... (记录……) 例句: He set a new world record in the 100-meter race. (他创下了百米赛跑的新世界纪录。) I will record the lecture so I can listen to it again later. (我会录下这个讲座,以便以后再听。) 32. score 词性:v. (动词) & n. (名词) 词义:v. (在运动、比赛或考试中) 得(分) n. 得分;分数;二十 近义词:v. get, gain; n. mark, point 反义词:v. lose points 词性转换:scorer (n. 得分者) 常见搭配:score a goal/point (得分), keep score (记分) 例句: He scored the highest in the class. (他在班上得分最高。) The final score was 2-1. (最终比分是2比1。) 33. shall 词性:modal v. (情态动词) 词义:将要(用于第一人称);……好吗?要不要……?(用于征求意见) 近义词:will (表将来);should we...? (用于建议) 常见搭配:Shall I/we...? (我/我们……好吗?) 例句: I shall call you tomorrow. (我明天会给你打电话。) (较正式) Shall we go for a walk? (我们去散散步好吗?) 34. shark 词性:n. (名词) 词义:鲨(鱼) 常见搭配:great white shark (大白鲨) 例句: Some people are afraid of sharks. (有些人害怕鲨鱼。) 35. sink 词性:v. (动词) & n. (名词) 词义:v. 下沉,沉没;下降 n. 水槽,洗涤槽 近义词:v. go down, drop, submerge 反义词:v. float, rise 词性转换:sunken (adj. 沉没的;下陷的) 常见搭配:sink or swim (自生自灭,成败全靠自己) 例句: The ship hit an iceberg and sank. (船撞上冰山沉没了。) Wash the vegetables in the sink. (在水槽里洗菜。) When he started his own business, it was sink or swim. (当他开始自己的生意时,只能靠自己,成败在此一举。) 36. spirit 词性:n. (名词) 词义:精神;心灵;情绪;烈酒 近义词:soul, mood, attitude 反义词:body, flesh 词性转换:spiritual (adj. 精神的), spirited (adj. 精神饱满的) 常见搭配:team spirit (团队精神), in high/low spirits (情绪高涨/低落) 例句: The spirit of the Olympics is about participation and friendship. (奥林匹克精神重在参与和友谊。) They finished the project in great spirit. (他们以高昂的士气完成了项目。) 37. stomachache 词性:n. (名词) 词义:胃痛;肚子痛 近义词:bellyache, tummy ache 常见搭配:have a stomachache (肚子疼) 例句: I ate too much ice cream and now I have a stomachache. (我吃了太多冰淇淋,现在肚子疼。) 38. success 词性:n. (名词) 词义:成功,胜利,成就;成功的人或事物 近义词:achievement, triumph 反义词:failure, defeat 词性转换:succeed (v. 成功), successful (adj. 成功的) 常见搭配:achieve success (获得成功), a great success (巨大的成功) 例句: Hard work is the key to success. (努力是成功的关键。) The movie was a big success. (这部电影非常成功。) 39. surfboard 词性:n. (名词) 词义:冲浪板 常见搭配:ride a surfboard (站在冲浪板上冲浪) 例句: He carried his surfboard to the beach. (他扛着冲浪板去了海滩。) 40. surfer 词性:n. (名词) 词义:冲浪者 词性转换:surf (v. 冲浪), surfing (n. 冲浪运动) 常见搭配:- 例句: The surfer rode the wave perfectly. (那个冲浪者完美地驾驭了海浪。) Surfing is a popular water sport. (冲浪是一项流行的水上运动。) 41. thanks to 词性:短语介词 (Phrasal Preposition) 词义:多亏;幸亏;归功于 (表示原因,通常指好的原因) 近义词:because of, owing to, due to 反义词:despite, in spite of (尽管) 常见搭配:后接名词或代词。 例句: Thanks to your help, we finished the work on time. (多亏你的帮助,我们按时完成了工作。) Thanks to modern medicine, the disease can be cured now. (幸亏有了现代医学,这种病现在可以治愈了。) 42. victory 词性:n. (名词) 词义:胜利,成功 近义词:win, success, triumph 反义词:defeat, loss 词性转换:victorious (adj. 胜利的) 常见搭配:win a victory (赢得胜利) 例句: The army celebrated their victory. (军队庆祝了他们的胜利。) 43. wave 词性:n. (名词) & v. (动词) (第一批已出现v.义,此处补充n.义) 词义:n. 波浪;浪潮;挥手 v. 挥动;波动 近义词:n. ripple, breaker; v. gesture, sway 常见搭配:sound wave (声波), heat wave (热浪), a wave of... (一阵/一股……的浪潮) 例句: The waves crashed against the rocks. (海浪拍打着岩石。) There was a wave of excitement in the crowd. (人群中涌起一阵兴奋的浪潮。) 44. wonder 词性:v. (动词) & n. (名词) 词义:v. 想要知道;感到惊奇 n. 惊奇;奇迹 近义词:v. think about, question; n. amazement, miracle 反义词:v. know; n. ordinary thing 词性转换:wonderful (adj. 精彩的), wondering (adj. 疑惑的) 常见搭配:I wonder if/whether... (我想知道是否……), no wonder (难怪) 例句: I wonder what time it is. (我想知道现在几点了。) The Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world. (长城是世界奇迹之一。) You stayed up late last night. No wonder you look tired. (你昨晚熬夜了。难怪你看上去很累。) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $