prevent stop sb from doing sth-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册句型全解（沪外版）

初二下册沪外版 【同步精讲】 A版句型全解 同步精讲 【A版句型全解】prevent/stop.from doing sth. 初中·沪外版·初二下册 基本结构 句型结构：prevent/stop...from doing sth, prevent/stop均表示“阻止”，sb./sth.为阻止的对象，from为介词，后接动词-ing形式，该结 构意为“阻止…做某事” sb.为人称代词时需用宾格形式(me/him/her/them等) 例句展示： We should prevent people from cutting down trees.(我们，应该阻止人们砍伐树木) The heavy rain stopped us from going out yesterday.(昨天大雨阻止了我们外出) 句型精讲（核心考法） 考法1：基本结构及介词from的用法（核心基础考点) 核心规则+例句解析 规则：prevent/stop..from doing sth.表示“阻止…做某事”，其中from为介词，后接动词时 需用动名词形式（即v.-ing):在主动语态中，prevent/top后的from可省略，但在被动语态中from 必须保留。 例句l:主动语态（省略from):Parents should stop children(from)playing computer games too much. 例句2：被动语态（保留from):Children should be prevented from playing computer games too much by parents. 真题再现(2024沪外版初二下册同步练习) Teachers try to prevent students(talk)in class. 初二下册沪外版 【同步精讲】 A版句型全解 答案：talking 解析：prevent..from doing sth.结构中，from后接动名词，talk的动名词形式为talking。 真题再现(2023上海浦东新区初二期末) The heavy rain stopped them from (go)out for a picnic 答案：going 解析：stop.from doing sth.中from后需用动名词，go的动名词形式为going。 考法2：同义句型转换（高频转换考点) 转换规则+例句转换 规则：prevent/stop.from doing sth.的同义句型为keep..from doing sth.,三者均表示“阻止 …做某事”，但keep.from doing sth.中的from无论主动还是被动语态都不可省略。 例句l:原句：The wind prevented the plane from taking off. 同义句：The wind stopped the plane from taking off./The wind kept the plane from taking off. 例句2：原句：We must stop people from cutting down trees. We must prevent people from cutting down trees./We must keep people from cutting down trees. 真题再现(2024沪外版初二下册单元测试) The police stopped the thief from running away.(改为同义句) The police the thief from running away. 答案：prevented/kept 解析：stop.from doing sth.可转换为prevent/keep.from doing sth.,此处需用过去式，故填 prevented或kept。 真题再现(2023江苏苏州初二期中) Nothing can keep him from__(achieve)his dream.(用所给词的适当形式填空) 答案：achieving 2 初二下册沪外版 【同步精讲】A版句型全解 解析：keep.from doing sth.结构中from后接动名词，achieve的动名词形式为achieving。 考法3：主动语态与被动语态转换 转换规则+例句转换 规则：主动语态结构为“主语+prevent/stop+宾语+(from)doing sth.”,被动语态结构为 “宾语（被动句主语）+be+prevented/stopped+from+doing sth.+by+主动句主语”，注意被动语 态中fom不可省略。 例句l:原句（主动）：The doctor prevented the patient from smoking: 被动句：The patient was prevented from smoking by the doctor. 例句2：原句（主动）：The noise stopped us from sleeping well. 被动句：We were stopped from sleeping well by the noise. 真题再现(2024沪外版初二下册期末测试) They prevented the fire from spreading.(改为被动语态) The fire from spreading by them 答案：was prevented 解析：主动句变为被动句，主语the fire是动作承受者，用“be+过去分词”结构，prevent 的过去分词为prevented,.时态为一般过去时，故填was prevented。. 真题再现(2023浙江杭州初二月考) The bad weather stopped them from holding the sports meeting.(改为被动语态) They from holding the sports meeting by the bad weather. 答案：were stopped 解析：主动句变为被动句，主语thy是动作承受者，用“be+过去分词”结构，stop的过去 分词为stopped,时态为一般过去时，故填were stopped。. 句型综合训练 训练1：单项选择（考察prevent/stop/keep.from doing sth.结构及用法） 3 初二下册沪外版 【同步精讲】 A版句型全解 1.The heavy snow prevented the students from to school on time. A.go B.to go C.going D.went 2.My parents always stop me from. too much time on computer games. A.spend B.spending C.to spend D.spent 3.Nothing can keep him from his goals in life. A.achieve B.to achieve C.achieving D.achieved 4.The teacher tried to prevent the students during the exam. A.cheat B.to cheat C.cheating D.cheated 5.The strong wind stopped the ship from the harbor. A.leave B.to leave C.leaving D.left 训练2：同义句转换（考察prevent/stop/keep.from doing sth.同义转换） 1.The rain prevented us from having a picnic. The rain us from having a picnic. 2.The guard stopped the stranger from entering the building. -The guardthe stranger from entering the building. 3.We must keep children from playing near the river. We must children from playing near the river. 4.The noise prevented me from sleeping well last night. 4 初二下册沪外版 【同步精讲】 A版句型全解 →The noise me from sleeping well last night. 5. The police stopped the crowd from rushing into the station. →The police the crowd from rushing into the station 训练3：完成句子（考察prevent/stop/keep...from doing sth.结构运用） 1.我们应该阻止人们污染环境。 →We should people from the environment. 2.大雨阻止了他们按时到达机场。 →The heavy rain them from at the airport on time. 3.没有什么能阻止他实现梦想。 →Nothing can him from his dream. 4.老师阻止学生在课堂上玩手机。 -Teachersstudents from mobile phones in class. 5. 我们必须阻止工厂排放有害气体。 →We must factories from harmful gases 训练4：写作高级句式（考察prevent/stop/keep...from doing sth,句式翻译与 运用) 1.健康的饮食习惯可以阻止我们患上很多疾病。 -Healthy eating habits can us from many diseases. 2.政府正在采取措施阻止森林被砍伐。 →The government is taking measures to」 forests from down. 3.戴口罩可以防止病毒传播给他人。 Wearing masks can the virus from to others. 4.父母应该阻止孩子长时间看电视。 →Parents should children from TV for a long time. 参考答案 I训练1：单项选择 1.C2.B3.C4.C5.C 5 初二下册沪外版 【同步精讲】 A版句型全解 Ⅱ.训练2：同义句转换 1.stopped/kept 2.prevented/kept 3.prevent/stop 4.stopped/kept 5.prevented/kept ⅡI.训练3：完成句子 1.prevent/stop,polluting 2.prevented/stopped,arriving 3.prevent/stop/keep,achieving 4. prevent/stop,playing 5.prevent/stop,releasing V.训练4：写作高级句式 1.prevent/stop/keep,getting 2.prevent/stop/keep,being cut 3.prevent/stop/keep,spreading 4.prevent/stop,watching 6