内容正文:
译林英语七下Unit7单词讲解表
单词
核心搭配
重点考点
经典例句
cycling /ˈsaɪklɪŋ/ n. 骑自行车运动(或活动)
go cycling 去骑自行车;cycling club 骑行俱乐部;cycling trip 骑行之旅
1. 派生词:cycle v. 骑自行车;cyclist n. 骑行者; 2. 固定搭配:go cycling 表“去骑行”,类似结构:go + 动名词(如 go swimming)
We often go cycling in the countryside at weekends. 我们周末经常去乡下骑自行车。<br>Our school’s cycling club will have a trip next month. 我们学校的骑行俱乐部下个月要组织一次旅行。
horse riding /ˈhɔːs ˌraɪdɪŋ/ n. 骑马
go horse riding 去骑马;horse riding lesson 骑马课;horse riding club 骑马俱乐部
1. 构词:由 horse + riding 合成,同类合成词:swimming pool(游泳池); 2. 语境:多用于户外休闲、运动场景,注意 riding 在这里是动名词形式
She tried horse riding for the first time and loved it. 她第一次尝试骑马就爱上了这项运动。<br>He takes horse riding lessons every Saturday afternoon. 他每周六下午上骑马课。
skating /ˈskeɪtɪŋ/ n. 滑冰,溜冰
go skating 去滑冰;figure skating 花样滑冰;speed skating 速滑
1. 派生词:skate v. 滑冰;skater n. 滑冰者; 2. 固定搭配:go skating 表“去滑冰”,常见于冬季活动描述
We usually go skating in the park when it snows. 下雪时我们通常去公园滑冰。<br>Figure skating is a beautiful winter sport. 花样滑冰是一项优美的冬季运动。
break /breɪk/ n. 间断,暂停;休息;v. 打破;弄坏
take a break 休息一会儿;break the rules 违反规则;break a glass 打碎杯子
1. 不规则变化:过去式 broke,过去分词 broken,需特殊记忆; 2. 固定搭配:take a break 表“休息一下”,break 作动词时还可表“弄坏”
Let’s take a break after finishing this task. 完成这项任务后,我们休息一下吧。<br>He broke his pen by accident yesterday. 他昨天不小心弄坏了钢笔。
take a break 休息一会儿
take a short break 短暂休息;take a break from work 暂停工作休息;take a break to do sth 停下来休息去做某事
1. 同义短语:have a break,可互换使用; 2. 用法:后接 from sth 表“暂停某事休息”,to do sth 表休息的目的
You’ve been working for hours—please take a break. 你已经工作好几个小时了,请休息一下。<br>Let’s take a short break to drink some water. 我们短暂休息一下喝点水吧。
balance /ˈbæləns/ n. 平衡能力;平衡;v. 平衡;使平衡
keep balance 保持平衡;lose balance 失去平衡;balance a book on the head 把书顶在头上保持平衡
1. 派生词:balanced adj. 平衡的(如 balanced diet 均衡饮食); 2. 固定搭配:keep one’s balance 表“保持平衡”,one’s 需根据主语替换
It’s hard to keep balance when you stand on one foot. 单脚站立时很难保持平衡。<br>You should eat more vegetables to keep a balanced diet. 你应该多吃蔬菜来保持均衡饮食。
might /maɪt/ modal v. 可能;也许
might be 可能是;might do sth 可能做某事;might not 可能不
1. 用法:表推测,可能性比 may 更低,语气更委婉; 2. 注意:没有人称和时态变化,后接动词原形
It might rain later, so take an umbrella with you. 过会儿可能下雨,所以带把伞吧。<br>She might not come to the party tonight—she’s busy. 她今晚可能不来参加派对了,她很忙。
on one’s own 独自;独立地
live on one’s own 独自生活;finish the task on one’s own 独立完成任务;solve the problem on one’s own 独自解决问题
1. 同义短语:by oneself / alone,by oneself 需根据主语替换(如 by myself 我独自); 2. 用法:强调“不依赖他人,独立完成”,可放在句末或句中
She can go to school on her own now. 她现在可以自己去上学了。<br>He finished the homework on his own without asking for help. 他没求助,独自完成了作业。
skiing /ˈskiːɪŋ/ n. 滑雪(运动)
go skiing 去滑雪;skiing resort 滑雪度假村;skiing equipment 滑雪装备
1. 派生词:ski v. 滑雪;skier n. 滑雪者; 2. 固定搭配:go skiing 表“去滑雪”,多与冬季、山区场景相关
We are planning to go skiing in the mountains this winter. 我们计划今年冬天去山里滑雪。<br>They bought new skiing equipment for the trip. 他们为这次旅行买了新的滑雪装备。
would /wʊd/ modal v. 将会,就会;会;愿意
Would you…? 你愿意……吗?;would like 想要;would not 不愿意(缩写 wouldn’t)
1. 用法:表委婉请求、意愿或过去习惯,比 will 语气更礼貌; 2. 固定搭配:would like to do sth 表“想要做某事”,would like sth 表“想要某物”
Would you like a cup of tea? 你想要一杯茶吗?<br>She would like to visit her grandparents this weekend. 她这周末想去看望祖父母。
experience /ɪkˈspɪəriəns/ n. (一次)经历;经验;v. 经历;体验
a wonderful experience 一次精彩的经历;work experience 工作经验;experience something 经历某事
1. 一词多义:作名词时,“经历”是可数名词(如 an experience),“经验”是不可数名词(如 much experience);作动词表“经历”; 2. 派生词:experienced adj. 有经验的(如 an experienced teacher 有经验的老师)
Travelling abroad is a valuable experience for me. 出国旅行对我来说是一次宝贵的经历。<br>My father has rich work experience in IT. 我爸爸在信息技术领域有丰富的工作经验。
set off 出发;动身
set off early 早点出发;set off for the airport 出发去机场;set off with sb 和某人一起出发
1. 短语多义:还可表“使爆炸”(如 set off fireworks 放烟花); 2. 用法:后接 for + 地点 表“出发去某地”,接 with sb 表“和某人一起出发”
We set off at dawn to catch the first bus. 我们黎明出发去赶第一班公交车。<br>They set off for Shanghai by train yesterday. 他们昨天乘火车出发去上海了。
follow /ˈfɒləʊ/ vt. 遵循;跟随;理解
follow the rules 遵守规则;follow me 跟我来;follow one’s words 理解某人的话
1. 派生词:following adj. 接下来的(如 the following day 第二天);follower n. 追随者; 2. 固定搭配:follow one’s advice 表“听从某人的建议”,follow 还可表“理解”(口语中常用)
You should follow the traffic rules to stay safe. 你应该遵守交通规则以保证安全。<br>I didn’t follow what he said just now—can you repeat it? 我没听懂他刚才说的话,你能重复一下吗?
detail /ˈdiːteɪl/ n. 具体情况;细节
in detail 详细地;pay attention to details 注意细节;small details 小细节
1. 派生词:detailed adj. 详细的(如 a detailed plan 详细的计划); 2. 固定搭配:in detail 表“详细地”,可放在句末修饰动词
Please tell me the story in detail. 请详细地给我讲这个故事。<br>The teacher explained the problem in detail to help us understand. 老师详细讲解了这个问题,帮助我们理解。
countryside /ˈkʌntrisaɪd/ n. 农村,乡村
in the countryside 在乡下;the beautiful countryside 美丽的乡村;live in the countryside 住在乡下
1. 用法:不可数名词,前面通常加定冠词 the 或介词 in; 2. 对应词:city 城市(如 move from the countryside to the city 从乡下搬到城市)
My grandparents live in the countryside. 我的祖父母住在乡下。<br>The air in the countryside is much fresher than that in the city. 乡下的空气比城市里清新得多。
lost /lɒst/ adj. 迷路的;丢失的;迷失的
get lost 迷路;be lost 丢失的;feel lost 感到迷茫
1. 派生词:lose v. 丢失(过去式 lost,过去分词 lost);loss n. 损失; 2. 固定搭配:get lost 表“迷路”,be lost 表“丢失的”,feel lost 表“感到迷茫”(抽象含义)
He got lost in the forest and had to wait for help. 他在森林里迷路了,不得不等待救援。<br>My keys are lost—I can’t find them anywhere. 我的钥匙丢了,我到处都找不到。
none /nʌn/ pron. 没有一个;毫无
none of… 没有一个;none of us 我们中没人;none of the books 没有一本书
1. 用法:作主语时,谓语动词可用单数或复数,强调数量“一个也没有”; 2. 词义辨析:none 可指人或物,后可接 of 短语;no one 只能指人,后不接 of 短语
None of the answers is/are correct. 这些答案没有一个是正确的。<br>None of us has/have been to the moon. 我们中没有人去过月球。
worried /ˈwʌrid/ adj. 担心的,发愁的
be worried about 担心……;look worried 看起来担心;feel worried 感到担心
1. 派生词:worry v. 担心(worry about sb/sth 担心某人/某事);worry n. 担忧; 2. 固定搭配:be worried about sb/sth 表“担心某人/某事”,可替换为 worry about sb/sth
She is worried about her son’s safety. 她担心儿子的安全。<br>My mother looks worried because my brother hasn’t come back yet. 我妈妈看起来很担心,因为我哥哥还没回来。
luckily /ˈlʌkɪli/ adv. 幸好,幸运地
luckily for sb 对某人来说幸运的是;luckily, … 幸运的是……;unluckily 不幸地(反义词)
1. 派生词:lucky adj. 幸运的(如 a lucky day 幸运的一天);luck n. 运气; 2. 用法:用于句首,修饰整个句子,常表示转折或意外的好结果
Luckily, I caught the last bus. 幸运的是,我赶上了末班车。<br>Luckily for her, she passed the exam with good grades. 对她来说幸运的是,她以优异的成绩通过了考试。
cycle /ˈsaɪkl/ vi. 骑自行车;n. 自行车
cycle to school 骑车上学;cycle along the river 沿河骑行;ride a cycle 骑自行车
1. 派生词:cycling n. 骑行运动;cyclist n. 骑行者; 2. 固定搭配:cycle to + 地点 表“骑车去某地”,作名词时可与 bike 互换(口语中常用 bike)
He cycles to work every day to keep fit. 他每天骑车上班来保持健康。<br>We often cycle along the lake after dinner. 我们经常晚饭后沿着湖边骑车。
arrive /əˈraɪv/ vi. 到达;抵达
arrive in 到达(大地点);arrive at 到达(小地点);arrive home 到家(home 前不加介词)
1. 用法:arrive in 接城市、国家等大地点,arrive at 接车站、机场、学校等小地点; 2. 同义短语:get to / reach,reach 是及物动词,后直接接地点(如 reach Beijing)
We arrived in Beijing at 8 o’clock this morning. 我们今天早上8点到达北京。<br>She arrived at the school gate ten minutes early. 她提前十分钟到达了校门口。
app /æp/ n. (=application) 应用软件
a mobile app 手机应用;download an app 下载应用;use an app 使用应用;study app 学习应用
1. 全称:application,日常口语中常用缩写 app; 2. 语境:多用于科技、日常场景,常见搭配有 download / install / use 等动词
This app can help you learn English words. 这个应用可以帮你学习英语单词。<br>My sister downloaded a cooking app to learn how to make cakes. 我姐姐下载了一个烹饪应用来学习做蛋糕。
find out 查明,弄清(情况);发现
find out the truth 查明真相;find out the time 弄清时间;find out about sth 了解某事
1. 短语多义:还可表“发现(秘密、真相等)”,强调经过努力查明; 2. 用法:后接名词、从句或疑问词+不定式(如 find out where to go)
Please find out when the meeting starts. 请查明会议什么时候开始。<br>She found out about the surprise party from her friend. 她从朋友那里得知了惊喜派对的事。
enjoyable /ɪnˈdʒɔɪəbl/ adj. 令人愉快的;有趣的
an enjoyable trip 一次愉快的旅行;enjoyable music 悦耳的音乐;an enjoyable lesson 有趣的一课
1. 派生词:enjoy v. 享受;喜爱(enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事);enjoyment n. 乐趣; 2. 固定搭配:sth is enjoyable 表“某事令人愉快”,可修饰旅行、活动、时光等
We had an enjoyable weekend by the lake. 我们在湖边度过了一个愉快的周末。<br>The English class is so enjoyable that no one wants to miss it. 这节英语课太有趣了,没人想错过。
proud /praʊd/ adj. 自豪的;骄傲的
be proud of 为……感到骄傲;feel proud 感到自豪;a proud mother 自豪的母亲
1. 派生词:pride n. 骄傲;自豪(take pride in 为……自豪,与 be proud of 同义); 2. 固定搭配:be proud of sb/sth 表“为……感到骄傲”,注意 proud 是形容词,pride 是名词
His parents are proud of his achievements. 他的父母为他的成就感到骄傲。<br>I feel proud to be a member of this team. 成为这个团队的一员,我感到很自豪。
be proud of 为…感到骄傲
be proud of one’s country 为自己的国家感到骄傲;be proud of doing sth 为做某事感到自豪;be proud to do sth 做某事感到自豪
1. 同义短语:take pride in,可替换使用(如 take pride in one’s work 为自己的工作自豪); 2. 用法:后接名词、代词或动名词,也可接不定式 to do sth
She is proud of winning the competition. 她为赢得比赛感到自豪。<br>We are proud of our great country. 我们为我们伟大的国家感到骄傲。
hiking /ˈhaɪkɪŋ/ n. 远足,徒步旅行
go hiking 去徒步;hiking trail 徒步路线;hiking boots 徒步靴
1. 派生词:hike v. 徒步;远足(hike in the mountains 去山里远足); 2. 固定搭配:go hiking 表“去徒步”,常见于假期、户外休闲场景
We often go hiking in the mountains during holidays. 假期我们经常去山里徒步。<br>You need a pair of comfortable hiking boots for the trip. 这次旅行你需要一双舒适的徒步靴。
noon /nuːn/ n. 正午,中午
at noon 在中午;noon break 午休;before noon 中午之前
1. 用法:不可数名词,前面通常加介词 at(at noon); 2. 固定搭配:at noon 表“在中午”,noon break 相当于 lunch break(午休)
The sun is the hottest at noon. 中午的太阳最烈。<br>We usually have a noon break for one hour. 我们通常有一个小时的午休时间。
later /ˈleɪtə(r)/ adv. 后来,随后;稍后
later on 后来;sooner or later 迟早;see you later 待会儿见
1. 派生词:late adj. 晚的;迟的(如 be late for school 上学迟到); 2. 固定搭配:later on 表“稍后”,sooner or later 表“迟早,总有一天”(表必然)
I’ll call you later. 我稍后给你打电话。<br>Sooner or later, you will realize your mistake. 你迟早会意识到自己的错误。
at first 起初;开始时
at first, I thought… 起初我以为……;at first glance 乍一看;at first sight 第一眼
1. 同义短语:in the beginning,可互换使用; 2. 用法:用于句首,表“最初的情况”,常与 later(后来)形成对比
At first, I didn’t like the movie, but it got better later. 起初我不喜欢这部电影,但后来变好看了。<br>At first glance, the problem seems easy, but it’s actually hard. 乍一看,这个问题好像很简单,但实际上很难。
skate /skeɪt/ n. (旱)冰鞋;v. 滑冰;溜冰
a pair of skates 一双冰鞋;skate on the ice 在冰上滑冰;skate in the park 在公园里滑冰
1. 复数形式:skates(表“冰鞋”时,常用复数); 2. 固定搭配:go skating 表“去滑冰”(动名词形式),skate 作动词时后接地点介词
She bought a new pair of skates for the winter. 她为冬天买了一双新冰鞋。<br>The children are skating happily on the ice. 孩子们在冰上快乐地滑冰。
little by little 缓慢地,逐渐地
improve little by little 逐渐提高;learn little by little 慢慢学习;change little by little 逐渐变化
1. 同义短语:gradually,可替换使用; 2. 用法:作状语,表“渐进的过程”,修饰动词,放在句末或句中
His English has improved little by little with practice. 经过练习,他的英语逐渐提高了。<br>The little plant grew little by little with sunlight and water. 这株小植物在阳光和水分的滋养下慢慢生长。
picnic /ˈpɪknɪk/ n. 野餐;v. 去野餐
have a picnic 去野餐;go on a picnic 去野餐;picnic in the park 在公园里野餐
1. 复数形式:picnics(以 c 结尾,加 -s); 2. 固定搭配:have a picnic 与 go on a picnic 同义,作动词时直接用 picnic(picnic in the woods 在树林里野餐)
We are going to have a picnic in the park this Sunday. 这个周日我们打算去公园野餐。<br>They picnicked by the river last Saturday. 他们上周六在河边野餐了。
because of /bɪˈkɒz əv/ prep. 因为;由于
because of the rain 因为下雨;because of you 因为你;because of the bad weather 因为天气不好
1. 词义辨析:because of 后接名词/代词/动名词,because 后接完整从句(如 because it rained 因为下雨了); 2. 用法:表原因,口语中可用于句首,书面语中多用于句末
We had to stay at home because of the heavy rain. 因为大雨,我们不得不待在家里。<br>He failed the exam because of his carelessness. 他因为粗心而考试不及格。
campsite /ˈkæmpsaɪt/ n. 野营地;露营地
a quiet campsite 安静的野营地;set up a campsite 搭建营地;near the campsite 在野营地附近
1. 构词:由 camp(露营) + site(地点)合成,同类合成词:website(网站); 2. 语境:多用于户外露营场景,常见搭配有 find / choose / set up 等动词
We found a nice campsite near the lake. 我们在湖边找到了一个不错的野营地。<br>They spent two hours setting up the campsite before dark. 他们在天黑前花了两个小时搭建野营地。
childhood /ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/ n. 童年,幼年;孩童时期
happy childhood 快乐的童年;in one’s childhood 在某人的童年时期;sweet childhood memories 美好的童年回忆
1. 构词:由 child(孩子) + hood(表时期/身份)合成,同类合成词:boyhood(少年时期); 2. 派生词:childish adj. 幼稚的(贬义,如 childish behavior 幼稚的行为)
She spent her childhood in the countryside. 她在乡下度过了童年。<br>I have many sweet memories of my childhood. 我有很多美好的童年回忆。
relaxed /rɪˈlækst/ adj. 放松的,冷静的;自在的
feel relaxed 感到放松;a relaxed atmosphere 轻松的氛围;be relaxed with sb 和某人在一起很自在
1. 派生词:relax v. 放松(relax oneself 放松自己);relaxing adj. 令人放松的(修饰物,如 relaxing music 令人放松的音乐); 2. 词义辨析:relaxed 修饰人,表“人感到放松的”;relaxing 修饰物,表“事物令人放松的”
Listening to music makes me feel relaxed. 听音乐让我感到放松。<br>We had a relaxed conversation with our teacher after class. 课后我们和老师进行了一次轻松的谈话。
while /waɪl/ n. 一段时间,一会儿;conj. 当……时候;然而
for a while 一会儿;after a while 过了一会儿;while doing sth 当做某事的时候
1. 一词多义:作连词时,表“当……时候”(后接延续性动词),还可表“然而”(表对比);作名词表“一会儿”; 2. 固定搭配:for a while 表“一会儿”,after a while 表“过了一会儿”
He stayed in the library for a while. 他在图书馆待了一会儿。<br>While she was reading, her brother was watching TV. 她在看书的时候,她哥哥在看电视。
ever /ˈevə(r)/ adv. 在任何时候;曾经;究竟
have you ever…? 你曾经……吗?;ever since 从那以后;if ever 如果有的话
1. 用法:多用于疑问句、否定句和条件句,肯定句中表“曾经”时多与最高级连用(如 the best film ever 有史以来最好的电影); 2. 固定搭配:ever since 表“从……起一直”,后接过去时间点或从句
Have you ever been to Paris? 你去过巴黎吗?<br>I have known her ever since we were children. 我从小时候就认识她了。
focus /ˈfəʊkəs/ vt. & vi. 集中(注意力、精力等);聚焦(于)
focus on 集中于;focus one’s attention 集中注意力;focus on study 专注于学习
1. 派生词:focused adj. 专注的(如 a focused student 专注的学生); 2. 固定搭配:focus on sth 表“专注于某事”,focus one’s attention on sth 表“把注意力集中在某事上”
You need to focus on your study to get good grades. 你需要专注于学习才能取得好成绩。<br>She focused her attention on the lecture and took notes carefully. 她把注意力集中在讲座上,认真做笔记。
mind /maɪnd/ n. 头脑;思考能力;v. 介意;在乎
change one’s mind 改变主意;mind doing sth 介意做某事;keep sth in mind 记住某事
1. 一词多义:作名词表“头脑”(如 an open mind 开放的心态),作动词表“介意”; 2. 固定搭配:Would you mind…? 表“你介意……吗?”(表委婉请求),mind 后接动名词
Would you mind opening the window? 你介意打开窗户吗?<br>He changed his mind and decided to study abroad. 他改变了主意,决定出国留学。
roll out 展开;铺开;推出
roll out the map 展开地图;roll out the carpet 铺开地毯;roll out a new product 推出新产品
1. 短语多义:还可表“推出(新产品、新计划等)”; 2. 用法:代词作宾语时需放在短语中间(如 roll it out 把它展开),名词作宾语可放中间或后面
He rolled out the map and showed us the route. 他展开地图,给我们看路线。<br>The company will roll out a new app next month. 这家公司下个月将推出一款新应用。
sleeping bag /ˈsliːpɪŋ bæɡ/ n. 睡袋
a warm sleeping bag 保暖睡袋;sleep in a sleeping bag 睡在睡袋里;carry a sleeping bag 携带睡袋
1. 构词:由 sleeping(动名词作定语,表用途) + bag 合成,同类合成词:swimming pool(游泳池); 2. 语境:多用于露营、户外探险场景,常见搭配有 take / carry / use 等动词
We took sleeping bags with us for the camping trip. 露营旅行时我们带了睡袋。<br>This warm sleeping bag is suitable for cold nights. 这款保暖睡袋适合寒冷的夜晚。
fall /fɔːl/ vi. 进入(某状态);落下;掉落;倒下
fall asleep 睡着;fall down 摔倒;fall off 从……掉下来;fall in love 爱上
1. 不规则变化:过去式 fell,过去分词 fallen,需重点记忆; 2. 固定搭配:fall asleep 表“睡着”,fall down 表“摔倒”,fall off 表“从……掉落”
He fell asleep while watching TV. 他看着电视睡着了。<br>The little boy fell down and hurt his knee. 小男孩摔倒了,伤到了膝盖。
asleep /əˈsliːp/ adj. 睡着的;熟睡的
fall asleep 睡着;be fast asleep 睡得很沉;sound asleep 酣睡
1. 词义辨析:asleep 是表语形容词,不能放在名词前作定语(正确:The baby is asleep. 错误:an asleep baby);sleepy 表“困倦的”(可作定语,如 a sleepy boy 困倦的男孩); 2. 固定搭配:fall asleep 表“入睡”,be fast asleep 表“睡得很沉”
The baby has been asleep for two hours. 宝宝已经睡了两个小时了。<br>Don’t wake him up—he’s fast asleep. 别叫醒他,他睡得很沉。
chance /tʃɑːns/ n. 机会;可能性;运气
have a chance 有机会;by chance 偶然;a good chance 一个好机会
1. 固定搭配:have a chance to do sth 表“有机会做某事”;have a chance of doing sth 表“有做某事的可能性”; 2. 派生词:chancy adj. 冒险的;不确定的(如 a chancy plan 冒险的计划)
I hope I can have a chance to visit Japan. 我希望我能有机会去日本旅游。<br>We met by chance on the street yesterday. 我们昨天在街上偶然相遇。
first-time /ˈfɜːst taɪm/ adj. 首次的,第一次的
a first-time visitor 第一次来访的客人;first-time experience 首次体验;first-time traveler 第一次旅行的人
1. 构词:由 first + time 合成,作定语修饰名词,中间用连字符; 2. 用法:强调“第一次的”,后面必须接名词,不能单独使用
This is my first-time visit to the Great Wall. 这是我第一次参观长城。<br>She is a first-time traveler, so she feels a little nervous. 她是第一次旅行,所以有点紧张。
camper /ˈkæmpə(r)/ n. 露营者;宿营者
a group of campers 一群露营者;experienced camper 有经验的露营者;beginner camper 新手露营者
1. 派生词:camp v. 露营;n. 营地(如 go camping 去露营); 2. 构词:由 camp + er(表人)合成,同类构词:teacher(老师)、worker(工人)
The campers built a tent near the river. 露营者们在河边搭了一个帐篷。<br>Experienced campers know how to keep safe in the wild. 有经验的露营者知道如何在野外保证安全。
medicine /ˈmedsn/ n. 药物;医学;药
take medicine 吃药;traditional Chinese medicine 中药;western medicine 西药;medical adj. 医学的
1. 用法:表“药物”时可数或不可数(如 some medicine 一些药,a kind of medicine 一种药);表“医学”时不可数; 2. 固定搭配:take medicine 表“服药”,注意 medicine 前不加冠词
You should take the medicine three times a day. 你应该一天吃三次药。<br>He wants to study medicine and become a doctor. 他想学习医学,成为一名医生。
safety /ˈseɪfti/ n. 安全,平安;安全处所
safety first 安全第一;public safety 公共安全;personal safety 人身安全
1. 派生词:safe adj. 安全的(如 a safe place 安全的地方);safely adv. 安全地(如 arrive safely 安全到达); 2. 固定搭配:safety first 表“安全第一”,是常用警示语
We should always put safety first when we travel. 旅行时我们应该始终把安全放在第一位。<br>Schools pay much attention to students’ personal safety. 学校非常重视学生的人身安全。
birdwatching /ˈbɜːdwɒtʃɪŋ/ n. 观鸟;赏鸟
go birdwatching 去观鸟;birdwatching club 观鸟俱乐部;birdwatching trip 观鸟之旅
1. 构词:由 bird + watching 合成,同类合成词:shopping(购物)、fishing(钓鱼); 2. 语境:多用于自然、科普场景,常见于公园、湿地等地点
They go birdwatching in the wetland every weekend. 他们每个周末都去湿地观鸟。<br>Our school’s birdwatching club will organize a trip next month. 我们学校的观鸟俱乐部下个月将组织一次旅行。
binoculars /bɪˈnɒkjələz/ n. [pl.] 双筒望远镜
a pair of binoculars 一副双筒望远镜;use binoculars 用望远镜;bring binoculars 带上双筒望远镜
1. 用法:复数名词,不能单独使用,需用 a pair of 修饰(表“一副”),复数形式为 binoculars; 2. 语境:多用于观鸟、天文、户外观察场景,常见搭配有 use / take / carry 等动词
He used a pair of binoculars to watch the birds in the tree. 他用一副双筒望远镜看树上的鸟。<br>Don’t forget to bring a pair of binoculars for the birdwatching trip. 观鸟旅行别忘了带上一副双筒望远镜。
clearly /ˈklɪəli/ adv. 清楚地;明显地;明白地
speak clearly 说话清晰;see clearly 看得清楚;clearly understand 清楚理解
1. 派生词:clear adj. 清楚的;明确的(如 a clear answer 明确的答案); 2. 反义词:unclearly 不清楚地,常见修饰动词(speak / see / hear 等)
Please speak clearly so that everyone can understand you. 请说清楚,这样每个人都能听懂。<br>I can’t see clearly without my glasses. 没戴眼镜我看不清楚。
had better 应该,最好
had better do sth 最好做某事;had better not do sth 最好不要做某事;had better do sth at once 最好立刻做某事
1. 用法:后接动词原形,表建议,语气比 should 更强,更口语化; 2. 注意:没有人称和时态变化,否定形式直接在 better 后加 not
You had better finish your homework before dinner. 你最好在晚饭前完成作业。<br>You had better not go out alone at night. 你最好不要晚上独自外出。
thirsty /ˈθɜːsti/ adj. 口渴的;渴望的
feel thirsty 感到口渴;be thirsty for 渴望……;thirsty for knowledge 渴望知识
1. 派生词:thirst n. 口渴;渴望(如 have a thirst for 渴望……); 2. 固定搭配:be thirsty for sth 表“渴望某物”,既可以指身体上的“口渴”,也可以指抽象的“渴望”
I feel thirsty after playing basketball. 打完篮球后我感到口渴。<br>Young people should be thirsty for knowledge and keep learning. 年轻人应该渴望知识,不断学习。
no problem 没什么,不客气;没问题;没关系
—Thank you! —No problem! —谢谢!—不客气!;It’s no problem. 没问题;No problem for me. 对我来说没问题
1. 用法:用于回应感谢(相当于 you’re welcome),或表示“没问题”(答应请求),还可表示“没关系”(安慰他人); 2. 同义短语:you’re welcome / it’s okay / that’s all right
—Can you help me? —No problem! —你能帮我吗?—没问题!<br>—I’m sorry for being late. —No problem! —对不起,我来晚了。—没关系!
camera /ˈkæmərə/ n. 照相机;相机;摄像机
a digital camera 数码相机;take photos with a camera 用相机拍照;camera lens 相机镜头
1. 用法:表“相机”时,复数形式为 cameras(直接加 -s),日常口语中可简称 cam; 2. 固定搭配:take a photo with a camera 表“用相机拍照”,也可直接说 take photos(拍照)
She bought a new camera to record her trip. 她买了一台新相机来记录旅行。<br>He used his camera to take many beautiful photos of the sunset. 他用相机拍了很多美丽的日落照片。
narrow /ˈnærəʊ/ adj. 狭窄的;狭隘的
a narrow road 狭窄的路;narrow escape 死里逃生;narrow mind 狭隘的思想
1. 派生词:narrowly adv. 勉强地;狭窄地(如 narrowly miss 勉强错过); 2. 反义词:wide 宽阔的(如 a wide street 宽阔的街道),可用于对比
The road is too narrow for two cars to pass. 这条路太窄,两辆车无法通行。<br>He had a narrow escape from the fire. 他从火灾中死里逃生。
support /səˈpɔːt/ vt. & n. 帮助;支持;支撑;供养
support sb 支持某人;get support 获得支持;support a family 供养家庭;support a theory 支持一个理论
1. 派生词:supporter n. 支持者;拥护者(如 a football supporter 足球迷); 2. 固定搭配:support sb in sth 表“在某事上支持某人”,作名词时可与 get / give 搭配(give support 提供支持)
My parents always support my decisions. 我的父母总是支持我的决定。<br>She works hard to support her family. 她努力工作来供养家人。
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