Unit 2 Stay Healthy 寒假预习学案 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

八下Unit 2 Stay Healthy!寒假预习学案 1. 根据音标拼读下列词汇,并写出中文意思。 1. our‧selves / a selvz/ pron. _ 2. sore /s (r)/ adj. _ 3. throat / r t/ n. _ 4. stom‧ach‧ache / st m k‧e k/ n. _ 5. head‧ache / hed‧e k/ n. _ 6. tooth‧ache / tu ‧e k/ n. _ 7. back‧ache / b k‧e k/ n. _ 8. press /pres/ v. _ 9. nose‧bleed / n z‧bli d/ n. _ 10. dent‧ist / den‧t st/ n. _ 11. fe‧ver / fi ‧v (r)/ n. _ 12. stom‧ach / st m‧ k/ n. _ 13. a‧void / v d/ v. _ 14. gas / s/ n. _ 15. ache /e k/ n. & v. _ 16. X-ray / eks‧re / n. _ 17. care‧less / ke ‧l s/ adj. _ 18. run‧ny / r n‧i/ adj. _ 19. cough /k f/ n. & v. _ 20. bruised /bru zd/ adj. _ 21. suf‧fer / s f‧ (r)/ v. _ 22. suf‧fer from _ 23. take a seat _ 24. take one's temperature _ 25. test /test/ n. & v. _ 26. flu /flu / n. _ 27. med‧i‧cine / med‧ ‧sn/ n. _ 28. mask /m sk/ n. _ 29. vi‧rus / va ‧r s/ n. _ 30. stop … from doing _ 31. de‧scrip‧tion /d skr p‧ n/ n. _ 32. pa‧tient / pe ‧ nt/ n. & adj. _ 33. in‧ju‧ry / n‧d ‧ri/ n. _ 34. ill‧ness / l‧n s/ n. _ 35. knife /na f/ n. (pl. knives /na vz/) _ 36. clear /kl (r)/ adj. & v. _ 37. pain /pe n/ n. _ 38. what's more _ 39. bright‧ness / bra t‧n s/ n. _ 40. en‧vi‧ron‧ment / n va ‧r n‧m nt/ n. _ 41. cross /kr s/ v. _ 42. catch fire _ 43. them‧selves / m selvz/ pron. _ 44. fry /fra / v. _ 45. turn on _ 46. stove /st v/ n. _ 47. hap‧pi‧ly / h p‧ ‧li/ adv. _ 48. no way _ 49. burn /b n/ v. (burnt /b nt/, burnt) _ 50. on fire _ 51. flame /fle m/ n. _ 52. pan‧ic / p n‧ k/ n. _ 53. on‧to / n‧tu; n‧t / prep. _ 54. throw / r / v. (threw / ru /, thrown / r n/) _ 55. roll /r l/ v. _ 56. quick /kw k/ adj. & adv. _ 57. be about to _ 58. stop short _ 59. aid /e d/ n. & v. _ 60. first aid _ 61. safe‧ty / se f‧ti/ n. _ 62. ex‧tin‧guish‧er / k st ‧ w ‧ (r)/ n. _ 63. eat out _ 64. to‧night /t na t/ adv. & n. _ 65. sad‧ly / s d‧li/ adv. _ 66. smoke /sm k/ n. & v. _ 67. un‧for‧tu‧nate‧ly / n f ‧t ‧n t‧li/ adv. _ 68. luck‧i‧ly / l k‧ ‧li/ adv. _ 69. bad‧ly / b d‧li/ adv. (worse /w s/, worst /w st/) _ 70. harm /h m/ n. & v. _ 71. pill /p l/ n. _ 72. pain‧ful / pe n‧fl/ adj. _ 73. lie /la / v. (lay /le /, lain /le n/) _ 74. lie down _ 75. harm‧ful / h m‧fl/ adj. _ 76. hit /h t/ v. & n. _ 77. shock / k/ n. & v. _ 78. bleed /bli d/ v. (bled /bled/, bled) _ 79. check /t ek/ v. & n. _ 80. tight /ta t/ adj. _ 81. pea‧nut / pi ‧n t/ n. _ 82. ner‧vous‧ly / n ‧v s‧li/ adv. _ 83. al‧ler‧gic / l ‧d k/ adj. _ 84. from now on _ 二、按照页码从课文中找到下列词组或句子,并在课本上标注出来,加以记忆。 P₁₂ 1. take care of — 照顾 2. sore throat — 喉咙痛 3. too much — 太多 (用于不可数名词) 4. too many — 太多 (用于可数名词复数) 5. have a stomachache — 胃痛/肚子痛 6. What's wrong? — 怎么了?/ 有什么问题? 7. I couldn't help myself. — 我实在没忍住。/ 我控制不住自己。 8. Be more careful next time. — 下次小心点。 9. Help yourself! — 请自便!/ 别客气!(用于劝食) 10. What's the matter? — 怎么了?/ 有什么事? 11. I practised my speech by myself for hours yesterday. — 我昨天自己练习了几个小时的演讲。 12. I'm suffering from a sore throat now. — 我现在正喉咙痛呢。 P₁₃ 1. press down on… — 按压… 2. water with honey — 蜂蜜水 3. See a dentist — 看牙医 4. put sth warm on... 把暖和的东西敷在...上 5. next time — 下次 6. remember to — 记得要… 7. runny nose — 流鼻涕 8. bruised knee — 膝盖淤青 9. suffer…from — 遭受… (痛苦、疾病等) 10. have a bad headache — 头很痛 11. go to the doctor — 去看医生 12. get some rest — 休息一下 13. Press down on your nose. Wait for (and) rest a few minutes. 按住你的鼻子。等待并休息几分钟。 14. You should go to the doctor. — 你应该去看医生。 15. You could get some rest for now. — 你现在可以先休息一下。 16. You might need an X-ray. — 你可能需要拍个X光片。 P₁₄ 1. take a seat — 坐下/请坐 2. take one's temperature — 给某人量体温 3. get out of bed — 起床/下床 4. do a test — 做检查/化验 5. have the flu — 得流感 6. flu season — 流感季节 7. take some medicine — 吃药 8. stop…from — 阻止… (发生) 9. flu virus — 流感病毒 10. act out — 表演出来/ (通过动作) 演示 11. I didn't have much energy. — 我没什么精神。/ 我感到很乏力。 12. And remember, your health is in your hands. — 记住,你的健康掌握在你手中。 P₁₅ 1. fall off (fell) — 从…掉下来 (过去式:fell) 2. enjoy oneself — 玩得开心/过得愉快 3. far away — 遥远 4. what's more — 而且/此外 5. avoid using — 避免使用 6. fall from — 从…跌落 7. You shouldn't eat so much next time. — 下次你不应该吃这么多了。 8. You could listen to music instead of watching videos. — 你可以听音乐,而不是看视频。 语法: 1. 情态动词(提出建议):should, could, might — 应该,可以,或许 2. 反身代词 — myself, yourself 等 P₁₆ 1. catch fire — 着火/起火 2. fried chicken — 炸鸡 3. pour…into — 把…倒入… 4. turn on — 打开 (电器、开关等) 5. call out — 大声叫喊/呼喊 6. No way. — 没门。/ 不可能。/ 绝不。 7. hear…about — 听说… (关于某事) 8. look up — 查找 (信息等) 9. be on fire — 着火了/在燃烧 10. jump into — 跳进… 11. in a panic — 惊慌地/惊恐地 12. turn off — 关掉 (电器、开关等) 13. cry out — 喊叫/呼喊 14. throw himself to the floor — 他自己扑倒在地 15. put out — 扑灭 (火) 16. roll on the ground — 在地上打滚 17. be about to do — 正要做某事/即将做某事 18. stop short — 突然停下 19. first aid safety classes — 急救安全课程 20. fire extinguisher — 灭火器 21. eat out — 外出吃饭/下馆子 22. It was lucky that his shirt wasn't too thin. — 幸运的是,他的衬衫不是太薄。 23. James said as he ran cool water over his arm. — 詹姆斯一边用凉水冲着他的手臂一边说道。 24. “Anything but fried chicken,” he said sadly. — “除了炸鸡,什么都行,”他难过地说。 三、单元语法小结: 一、情态动词should/shouldn’t 1. 基本含义与功能 本单元中should/shouldn’t主要用于提出建议、给出劝告,针对健康问题、病症处理和生活习惯给出合理指引,没有人称和数的变化,后接动词原形。 2. 肯定句结构 主语 + should + 动词原形 + 其他。 例:You should drink warm water when you have a sore throat. 例:She should lie down and rest for an hour. 3. 否定句结构 直接在should后加not,缩写为shouldn’t,结构为“主语 + shouldn’t + 动词原形 + 其他”。 例:You shouldn’t eat cold food with a stomachache. 例:We shouldn’t stay up late if we want to keep healthy. 4. 疑问句结构 将should提至句首,构成“Should + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?”,答语常用“Yes, 主语 + should./No, 主语 + shouldn’t.”。 例:— I take this medicine three times a day?(我应该一天吃三次这个药吗?) —Yes, .(是的,你应该) —No, . You can take it twice a day.(不,不用。你可以一天吃两次) 二、反身代词 1. 基本形式 反身代词表示动作作用于主语自身,本单元涉及的常见反身代词有:myself(我自己)、yourself(你自己)、himself(他自己)、herself(她自己)、itself(它自己)、ourselves(我们自己)、yourselves(你们自己)、themselves(他们自己)。 2. 常见用法 (1)作宾语,强调主语动作的承受者是主语本身,常与hurt, cut, take care of, look after等词搭配,贴合本单元受伤、自我护理的语境。 例:He hurt himself when he played basketball yesterday. 例:You should take good care of yourself when your parents are not at home. (2)用于固定搭配,本单元高频搭配有by oneself(独自)、enjoy oneself(玩得开心)等。 例:She can take the medicine by herself. 三、enough的用法 enough既可以作形容词,也可以作副词,核心考点是修饰名词和形容词/副词时的位置差异。 1. 作形容词,修饰名词 意为“足够的”,此时enough要放在名词前面,结构为“enough + 名词”。 例:We need enough water every day to keep healthy. 例:You should get enough sleep if you have a fever. 2. 作副词,修饰形容词或副词 意为“足够地”,此时enough要放在形容词或副词后面,结构为“形容词/副词 + enough”。 例:The boy is not old enough to take medicine by himself. 例:He didn’t run fast enough to get help in time. 3. 常见句型 “adj./adv. + enough + to do sth.”,表示“足够……去做某事”,是本单元写作中的常用句型。 例:She is strong enough to do exercise every day. 即时练习: 一、单项选择 1. You _ go to see a dentist if you have a toothache. A. mustn't B. should C. shouldn't D. would 2. The children enjoyed _ very much at the party yesterday. A. ourselves B. themselves C. himself D. yourselves 3. The boy didn't run _ to catch the bus. A. fast enough B. enough fast C. too fast D. very fast 4. — I have a terrible headache. — You _ listen to loud music for a long time. A. should B. must C. shouldn't D. needn't 5. The little girl is old enough _ herself. A. dress B. dressing C. to dress D. dressed 6. Be careful with the knife, or you might cut _. A. myself B. yourself C. himself D. ourselves 7. We have _ medicine at home. I don't need to buy more. A. too many B. too much C. enough D. many 8. They built the small house all by _. A. themselves B. ourselves C. himself D. yourselves 9. Look at the cat! It's washing _. A. itself B. myself C. himself D. yourself 10. — _ I take this pill now? — No, you shouldn't. Take it after meals. A. Must B. Can C. Should D. May 2、 用所给词的正确形式填空 。 (myself/yourself/himself/herself/itself/ourselves/yourselves/themselves) 1. You should learn to take care of _ when you live alone.2. The fire went out by _ after the rain. 3. I can do my homework by _, thank you.4. The boys taught _ how to ride a bike last summer. 5. She is old enough to look after _.6. We enjoyed _ during the summer vacation. 7. Please help _ to some fruit, children.8. He is not careful. He often hurts _ when he cooks. 9. My cat can find food for _.10. Let me introduce _. I'm Lily from Class 5. 三、句型转换 1. You should drink more water. (改为否定句) You _ _ more water. 2. She should take the medicine twice a day. (改为一般疑问句) _ she _ the medicine twice a day? 3. The boy is very strong. He can carry the heavy bag. (合并为一句)The boy is _ _ _ carry the heavy bag. 4. We have a lot of time. We can finish the work. (合并为一句)We have _ _ _ finish the work. 5. Should I put some ice on the bruise? (作否定回答) _, _ _. 单元写作 一、核心写作主题与命题方向 1. 生病后朋友家人或医生给的建议 这是本单元最常考的写作题型,通常以“朋友/同学遇到健康问题(如感冒、胃痛、熬夜导致身体不适等),向你寻求建议”为情境,要求学生根据病症给出合理的解决办法。 命题示例:Your friend Tom has a stomachache these days. He eats a lot of junk food and stays up late. Write a letter to give him some advice. (80 - 100 words) 2. 健康生活方式短文 要求学生介绍自己或他人的健康生活习惯,或阐述“如何保持健康”,需要从饮食、运动、睡眠等多个角度展开,突出健康习惯的重要性。 命题示例:Write a short passage about how to keep healthy. You can talk about diet, exercise and sleep. (80 - 120 words) 3. 急救知识介绍文 结合教材Section B 2b的急救故事,要求学生简单介绍常见意外(如割伤、烫伤)的处理方法,考查学生对急救词汇和步骤的掌握。 命题示例:What should you do if you cut your finger? Write a short passage to tell the first - aid steps. 二、高分写作结构与模板 (一)健康建议信模板 1. 开头:表达关心,点明对方的健康问题 I’m sorry to hear that you have a stomachache these days. I think it’s because you eat too much junk food and stay up late. 2. 主体:给出2 - 3条具体建议,运用should/shouldn’t、had better等句型 First, you should stop eating junk food and have a balanced diet. You’d better eat more vegetables and fruit. Second, you shouldn’t stay up late anymore. You need to get enough sleep every night. What’s more, you can take a walk after dinner. 3. 结尾:表达祝愿 I hope you will feel better soon. (二)健康生活方式短文模板 1. 开头:点明主题——保持健康的重要性 It’s very important for us to keep healthy. Here are some good ways to help us. 2. 主体:分点阐述饮食、运动、睡眠方面的建议 First, we should have a balanced diet. We need to eat more fruit and vegetables and less junk food. Second, taking regular exercise is necessary. We can run or play basketball every day. Third, we must get enough sleep. We shouldn’t stay up late. 3. 结尾:总结观点If we follow these ways, we will be healthy and happy. 例题:假如你是Li Ming,你的好友Mary前段时间生病了,因而耽误了学习,这次考试没有考好,现在她很沮丧。请根据以下提示,用英语给她写一封电子邮件,给她一些建议,帮助她尽快调整好自己的状态。 要求:1.可选择使用参考词汇,亦可适当发挥; 2.语句通顺,意思连贯,书写工整; 3.文中不得出现你的任何真实信息(姓名、校名和地名等); 4.词数:不少于80词。(开头和结尾已给出,但不计入总词数) Dear Mary, I am sorry to hear that you were upset. I want to give you some advice to help you relax. First, you should have good living habits. You should go to bed early and sleep well to ensure you have enough energy. Also, doing some sports regularly can help you build a healthy body. Second, you should eat more fruit and vegetables instead of fast food. A balanced diet can provide you with the necessary nutrients. Third, it’s about your study. If you have any difficulties, don’t hesitate to ask your teachers or classmates for help. They will be willing to support you. Last but not least, a good mood will help you live better and recover your energy soon. I hope my advice can help you become happier. Yours, Li Ming 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $