Unit 4 Period 3 课后巩固 多维提能-【优学精讲】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册教用Word(外研版)

维度一　词形转换和动词的形式变换 1．As long as you take my advice, you are bound to__have(have) the most unforgettable experience during your college time in Beijing. 2．(2022·浙江卷1月读后续写)Whenever we met, I would try desperately(desperate) to get him to take me seriously as a teammate. 3．This evidence is not consistent(consist) with what you said earlier. 4．The little girl hugged her dad tightly(tight) and gave him a picture she had done using her hands. 5．The company my brother applied to demands that all its employees (should)__speak(speak) at least two foreign languages. 维度二　固定用法和搭配 1．Let's go through the problem together again and see if we can come up with a workable solution. 2．Thanks to the efforts of scientists, effective cures for cancer are on the horizon，offering hope to millions of patients around the world. 3．In this exciting event, any visitor can hold out his arms with the local people and cheer together. 4．When it comes to the Silk Road, Zhang Qian, one of the most influential explorers of the Silk Road，will come to my mind. 5．The young man is desperate for a job to make a living by himself instead of depending on his parents. 维度三　完成句子 1．尽管约翰努力尝试，但他还是无法在3小时内完成马拉松比赛。(倒装句) Try__though/as__he__might,__John was unable to complete the marathon in three hours. 2．玛丽对这次聚会的描述是如此生动，以至于我觉得我好像去过那里一样。(as though引导方式状语从句) Mary's description of the party was so vivid that I felt as__though__I__had__been__there． 3．我和他在一起工作了好几年了。这就是我对他比较熟悉的原因。(That's why...) He and I have worked together for a couple of years.That's__why__I__know__him__pretty__well. 4．朋友在我们的生活中扮演着重要的角色。正是朋友陪伴我们度过艰难的时期。(强调句型) Friends play an important role in our life.It__is__friends__who/that__accompany__us__to__go__through__hard__times. Ⅰ.回溯课文·语段微练 【改编自Developing ideas】 Mr Anderson said，“Where's Jimmy, dear？” “Out on the crater，” said Mrs Anderson. “Robutt is with him.Did he arrive？” “Yes. He's at the rocket station, going through the tests. I haven't really seen one since I left Earth 15 years ago.” “Jimmy has never seen one，”said Mrs Anderson. “1.________ That's why I'm bringing one here. I think it's the first one ever on the Moon.” Jimmy was out on the crater, as his mother had said. 2.________ He looked thicker and stubbier with his spacesuit on, but he could handle the lunar gravity as no Earth­born human being could. The outer side of the crater sloped southward and the Earth, which was low in the southern sky, was nearly full, so that the entire crater­slope was brightly lit. 3.________ Even the weight of the spacesuit couldn't keep Jimmy from racing up it in a floating hop that made the gravity seem nonexistent． “Come on, Robutt，” he shouted.Robutt, who could hear him by radio, squeaked and bounded after. 4．________ Jimmy couldn't go wrong while Robutt was around, tripping him when he was too near a rock, or jumping on him to show how much he loved him, or circling around and squeaking low and scared when Jimmy hid behind a rock, when all the time Robutt knew well enough where he was. He heard his father's voice on his private wavelength. “Jimmy, come back. I have something to tell you.” Mr Anderson was smiling. “5.________. It's at the rocket station now, but we'll have it tomorrow after all the tests are over.” A.The slope was a gentle one. B.We have something for you, Jimmy. C.We must test Robutt completely now. D.His arms and legs were long and agile. E.Because he's Moon­born and can't visit Earth. F.While Robutt didn't wear spacesuit, Jimmy couldn't catch up with him. G.Jimmy, expert though he was, couldn't outrace Robutt, who didn't need a spacesuit, and had four legs and tendons of steel. 答案：1～5.EDAGB Ⅱ.融合教材·主题探究 【改编自人教选必一U2】 Have you ever forgotten to lock the door of your house? Or, have you ever forgotten to switch off the TV or computer? These kinds of things happen to us all the time, waste resources, and can sometimes lead to problems.However, in the not­too­distant future, we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget. These smart homes will keep us secure, save us energy, and provide a more comfortable environment to live in. Intelligent Controls Today, we have to use switches for our lights, knobs for our appliances, and remote controls for our TVs and air conditioners. In the future, we will be using advanced technology every day for automatic control of just about everything in our home. The future home will use integrated sensors to tell when you leave home each morning, and then go into an energy­efficient mode all by itself.You will no longer have to think about turning switches on and off yourself.Your home will also learn your daily routine and preferences, so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening.Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already prepared for you. All controls will respond to voice commands, so if you want to change your routine, you just say aloud what you want and the home system will obey. Regular Health Checks In addition, your smart home will be monitoring your health for you every day. Your bed, for example, will record how well you sleep every night. It will also be checking your body weight. If you start to have sleep or weight problems, it will send a warning to your phone.It will also give you suggestions on a healthier diet and how to sleep better. Smart toilets will be keeping constant track of your health as well.They can warn you early on if there is something abnormal or if you have a critical illness, such as cancer, and potentially save your life. 1．Which of the following can't smart homes do? A.Lock the door when you are away. B.Prepare every meal for you every day. C.Monitor your health. D.Respond to voice commands. B　解析：细节理解题。根据Intelligent Controls部分中的“Your home will also learn your daily routine...the home system will obey.”和Regular Health Checks部分可知，智能家居会了解你的日常生活和喜好，并不包括准备每天的一日三餐。 2．If you have sleep problems, what will your smart home do? A.Send a warning to your phone. B.Change your diet directly. C.Help you sleep better immediately. D.Call a doctor for you. A　解析：细节理解题。根据Regular Health Checks部分中的“If you start to have sleep or weight problems, it will send a warning to your phone.”可知，智能家居会在你开始有睡眠问题时，向你的手机发出警告。 3．What's the main idea of the passage? A.The convenience of smart homes. B.The development of technology. C.The problems of modern homes. D.The importance of saving energy. A　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了智能家居能够给人们带来的便利，比如自动锁门、节能、提供舒适环境、监测健康等。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·济宁高二期中)There is a profound relationship between science fiction and science.It is often said that stories change the world, what is less often heard is that stories change science, and therefore the future. The use of science fiction to explore our world is similar to scenario (设想) planning in Futures Studies，which shapes our ideas about the future，and goes beyond predicting artifacts that once seemed impossible to us like Verne's submarine or the satellites of 2001：A Space Odyssey. In the words of Dutch researcher Sofia Kaloterakis，“Science fiction narratives structure our imaginative models about techno­scientific projects such as robotics or space exploration.” Have you ever wondered how science fiction novels have impacted the idea we have about Artificial Intelligence or how Snow Crash, Neal Stephenson's novel, has impacted what we now call the Metaverse (元宇宙)? Science fiction helps us define possible futures.It provides us with an understanding of the rules underlying fictional worlds.It also allows us to put technological prototypes (原型) in the context of their use by humans.But most importantly，it determines the way we structure scientific thought and intervene in the future. Alex McDowell, creator of the Minority Report in 2002，and Peter von Stackelberg explain what fictional narratives can bring to the table. The richness of “storyworlds”—the “universes” within which stories take place—provides us with detailed rules of the context in which a larger reality unfolds that extends beyond a single story, and has the potential to provide us with deeper learning about the underlying systems that regulate those worlds. Lastly, the relationship of future narratives to theories such as Social Constructivism has been highlighted by several scholars.A central idea of this sociological theory is that whenever we use words or other symbols to refer to objects in our world we are constructing them.And, therefore, prediction is also a social construction. In narrating we intervene in the world.In narrating the world, we construct it.In writing science fiction, we intervene in the science of the future. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了科幻小说和未来研究之间的关系。 1．What is the most important role of science fiction? A.It provides us with technologies and tools. B.It allows us to establish reasonable future. C.It decides our thinking and affects the future. D.It helps us learn the rules of fictional world. C　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“But most importantly...structure scientific thought and intervene in the future.”可知，科幻小说最重要的作用是决定了我们构建科学思想和干预未来的方式。 2．What do we know about “storyworlds”？ A.There are general rules for a single story. B.They are the “universes” where stories happen. C.There are no regulations or guiding systems. D.They have a potential context within a story. B　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The richness of ‘storyworlds’—the ‘universes’ within which stories take place”可知，“故事世界”是故事发生的“宇宙”。 3．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A.Science fiction narratives can construct future worlds. B.The science of future intervenes in today's science. C.Objects can't be constructed by words or symbols. D.Scholars care little about narratives about future. A　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“In narrating the world，we construct it. In writing science fiction we intervene in the science of the future.”可推知，科幻小说叙述可以构建未来世界。 4．What is the passage mainly about? A.The storyworlds created by science fiction. B.Artifacts and technologies in science fiction. C.Science fiction narratives affecting future studies. D.The relation between science and science fiction. C　解析：主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一段中的“It is often said that...and therefore the future.”及最后一段中的“In writing science fiction, we intervene in the science of the future.”可知，本文介绍了科幻小说影响未来研究。 B (2024·山东省实验中学高二期末)The Internet, search engines, virtual worlds—have you ever got the feeling that you're living in a science fiction fantasy? Well, indeed you are. For more than a century, inventors have been driven to create what sci­fi writers have imagined long before. Buck Rogers inspired a generation of scientists excited about space exploration. Ray Bradbury predicted home­theater systems. William Gibson dreamed up the Internet while writing Neuromancer on a typewriter. Not long after him, Neal Stephenson predicted virtual worlds in his novel Snow Crash. One of his readers was Philip Rosedale, who loved it so much that he wanted to build a virtual world based on it. By the late 1990s, technology caught up with the novel, and Rosedale built a virtual world based on the “Metaverse” from the novel. With 1 million active users, the virtual world offers virtual shops, bars, houses and even virtual television studios with virtual celebrities on virtual talk shows. “I think it is pretty much what I imagined，” Stephenson says. But Snow Crash is a dark book. The world in the novel is filled with criminals, violence and environmental problems. “Science fiction helps us see the meaning of our work，” Rosedale admits. “It makes it possible for us to see what all of our efforts could eventually lead to.” In fact, most science fiction authors admit that their works are usually cautionary (警告的). “While the inventors are rushing ahead and excited about this possibility or that possibility, we're always standing there warning, ‘Hang on just a second. Let's think about this a little more’， ” author Connie Willis says. “But most of them will ignore you because they think they have already known all things about any given hot topic of the day. But if you can convince them that you're talking about a planet millions of miles away and hundreds of years in the future or the past, you can actually get them to examine more closely what's going on right now.” 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科幻小说对科技进步的推动及对人类的警示作用。 5．Who was inspired by Neal Stephenson's work? A.Buck Rogers.　 B．Ray Bradbury. C.William Gibson. D．Philip Rosedale. D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“One of his readers was Philip Rosedale...build a virtual world based on it.”以及第三段内容可知，菲利普·罗斯代尔受到了尼尔·斯蒂芬森的小说《雪崩》的影响，建立了一个虚拟世界。 6．What does Neal Stephenson say about the virtual world? A.He is satisfied with it. B.It is not based on his fiction strictly. C.It is a very violent virtual world. D.More activities should be added to it. A　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，尼尔·斯蒂芬森认为这个虚拟世界和他的设想差不多，他对此感到满意。 7．What does Connie Willis mean in the last paragraph? A.Most inventors do not respect sci­fi writers. B.Sci­fi writers are much wiser than inventors. C.Sci­fi can help inventors to think more carefully. D.People can easily get excited about the inventions. C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，科幻作品的作者会给“头脑发热”的发明家警示，能让他们更仔细地观察正在发生的事情。由此可推知，康尼·威利斯认为科幻作品可以帮助发明家更认真地思考。 8．In which section of a newspaper may this passage appear? A.Book review. B．Technology. C.Economy. D．Psychology. B　解析：文章出处题。文章第二段提出了核心话题，即介绍科幻小说与科技进步之间的关系，因此本文可能出现在“科技”版块。 Ⅱ.完形填空 The future has arrived at a dairy farm (奶牛场).It is __1__ time at Woodbourne Creamery in Mt. Airy, Maryland. The cows are standing in line for a __2__ at the robot. The farm __3__ John Fendrick. He watches the __4__ of the animals by looking at a computer screen. That is all he has to do. The robot does all the work. It uses a laser (激光) to find each teat where the milk comes out. The robot then cleans the teat and __5__ a milking tube to it. When the __6__ of milk coming out of the cow slows, the machine knows to __7__， and sends the cow on its way. Milking robots are becoming __8__ among dairy farmers in the United States, Europe and Australia. John Fendrick says the robots have __9__ life on a dairy farm. “You are given your __10__ back.” Most dairy farmers must milk their cows two times a day, early in the morning and late at night. But Mr. Fendrick's cows do not follow such a __11__. They stay in the __12__ until they need to be milked by the robot. The cow milking robot is not low­cost technology. It costs Mr. Fendrick more than $150，000. But he notes, __13__ someone to milk the cows is also __14__. “However, above all, I don't have to be the person who's always on call to milk. Our cows are able to work __15__ without us—to us, it's well worth the money.” 【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了约翰·芬德里克利用挤奶机器人为奶牛挤奶，使奶牛场的生活发生了改变的故事。 1．A.milking B．break C.dinner D．arrival A　解析：根据上文中的a dairy farm和下文中的“The cows are standing in line for a ______ at the robot.”可知，此处表示奶牛场里挤奶(milking)的时间到了。 2．A.food B．turn C.treat D．rest B　解析：根据常识和上文中的“The cows are standing in line”可知，奶牛们站成一排等着轮流被挤奶。turn意为“(依次轮到的)机会”。 3．A.pays for B．calls back C.belongs to D．results from C　解析：根据语境和下文中的“He watches the ______ of the animals by looking at a computer screen.”可知，这个农场属于(belong to)约翰·芬德里克。 4．A.appearance B．mood C.taste D．progress D　解析：根据上文中的“The cows are standing in line for a ______ at the robot.”以及下文中的“of the animals by looking at a computer screen”可知，此处表示约翰通过电脑屏幕观看挤奶的进程(progress)。 5．A.shows B．connects C.removes D．builds B　解析：根据上文中的“It uses a laser to find each teat...cleans the teat”和下文中的a milking tube to it并结合常识可知，机器人要为奶牛挤奶，需将一根挤奶管与奶牛相连接(connect)。 6．A.speed B．growth C.development D．reaction A　解析：根据常识和空后的“milk coming out of the cow slows”及下文中的“sends the cow on its way”可知，当奶牛的出奶速度(speed)减慢时，机器人就知道要停下来(stop)了。 7．A.relax B．go C.continue D．stop D　解析：参见上题解析。 8．A.cheap B．difficult C.popular D．tiring C　解析：根据语境和下文中的“John Fendrick says the robots have ______ life on a dairy farm.”以及最后一段中的“it's well worth the money”可推知，挤奶机器人在这些地方很受欢迎(popular)。 9．A.begun B．closed C.faced D．changed D　解析：根据语境及上文中的“The future has arrived at a dairy farm.”可知，有了机器人，不用人工挤奶了，这改变(change)了奶牛场的生活。 10．A.money B．freedom C.employees D．orders B　解析：根据常识和上文中的“the robots have ______ life on a dairy farm”可知，有了机器人，不用人工挤奶了，所以约翰说“你又重获自由(freedom)了”。 11．A.schedule B．diet C.promise D．plan A　解析：根据上文中的“Most dairy farmers must milk their cows two times a day, early in the morning and late at night.”可知，大部分奶农每天给奶牛早晚各挤一次奶，但约翰的奶牛并不遵循这种日程(schedule)安排。 12．A.seat B．team C.field D．lead C　解析：根据上文中的“But Mr. Fendrick's cows do not follow such a ______．”及下文中的“until they need to be milked by the robot”可知，此处表示约翰的奶牛不遵循大多数奶农的日程安排，它们一直待在牧场(field)里，直到需要被机器人挤奶时才去挤。 13．A.helping B．reminding C.encouraging D．paying D　解析：根据上文中的But可知，前后语境之间是转折关系，此处表示约翰指出，付钱(pay)让人来挤奶也很贵(costly)。 14．A.easy B．simple C.busy D．costly D　解析：参见上题解析。 15．A.hard B．normally C.closely D．steadily B　解析：根据上文中的“The cows are standing in line for a ______ at the robot.”以及“They stay in the ______ until they need to be milked by the robot.”可知，奶牛不需要人工也能正常(normally)工作。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $