Unit 1 Period 2 Using language-【优学精讲】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册教用Word(外研版)

Period 2　Using language 主语从句 在句中起名词作用的各种从句统称为名词性从句。根据这类从句在句中的语法功能，可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。在主从复合句中，充当主语的从句叫作主语从句。主语从句的引导词有： 连接词 that、whether、if 连接代词 what、who、whom、whose、which、whoever、whomever、whichever、whatever 连接副词 when、where、why、how 一、that引导的主语从句 (1)(教材P3)It's true that inner beauty is very important, but external beauty shouldn't be completely overlooked. 内在美固然非常重要，但不应该完全忽略外在美。 (2)(教材P4)I mean, isn't it better that I'm large and happy, instead of skinny and unhealthy? 我的意思是，我又壮硕又快乐，而不是又瘦又不健康，这不是更好吗？ (3)That theory must go hand in hand with practice is a principle we should always keep in mind. 理论必须与实践相结合是我们应该永远牢记的一项原则。 以上各句中的that均引导主语从句，为保持句子平衡，常用it作形式主语，而将that引导的从句后置。　 1．that在主语从句中不充当成分，无实际意义，只起连接作用，但通常不能省略。 2．it作形式主语的常见句型有： (1)It＋be＋形容词＋that从句． (2)It＋be＋名词(短语)＋that从句． (3)It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句．(如果过去分词表示建议、命令、要求等，从句要用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。) (4)其他句型 It doesn't matter that...……是无关紧要的。 It occurred to/struck/hit sb. that...某人突然想到…… It seems/appears that...看起来…… It happens that...碰巧…… It turned out/proved that...结果是…… 单句语法填空 (1)(2023·全国乙卷)It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet is slowly declining and around half of Britain's consumers would like to change or improve their cooking in some way. (2)It is suggested that children (should) be given(give) more free time to develop their creativity. (3)That we should work out a plan to deal with the present serious situation is important. 二、whether/if引导的主语从句 (1)(北师大选必三U9)How it is used, whether it is a blessing or a curse to mankind, depends on mankind and not on the instrument. 怎样使用它，它究竟是给人类带来幸福还是带来灾难，这完全取决于人类自己，而不取决于工具。 (2)(人教选必一U5)However, whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self­pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate. 然而，是否有可能培育出水稻等自花授粉植物的杂交种，是一个有很大争议的问题。 (3)It is still under discussion whether/if the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel. 是否该把这个旧的公共汽车站换成一家现代化的旅馆仍在讨论中。 以上各句中的黑体部分均为whether/if引导的主语从句；whether/if在从句中不充当成分，只起连接作用，意为“是否”；if引导主语从句只能置于句末。　 whether/if引导的主语从句 相同点 不同点 whether/if在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用，意为“是否” whether引导的主语从句可置于句首或句末 if引导的主语从句不能置于句首，只能置于句末 单句语法填空 (1)It is not a problem whether/if we can win the match; it's just a matter of time. (2)Whether the meeting will be held on time is still a question because of the uncertain weather conditions. 三、连接代词引导的主语从句 (1)(教材P2)Dad thinks I am a narcissist, but what I say is that my pictures aren't hurting anyone, so who cares？　爸爸认为我是个自恋狂，但我要说我的照片没有伤害任何人，所以谁在乎呢？ (2)(教材P4)What I really admire is the way she has acknowledged that good health not only makes us more beautiful, but happier, too! 我真正钦佩的是她以这种方式承认健康不仅使我们更美丽，而且也使我们更快乐！ (3)Who invented the telephone is a well­known fact, but the story behind it is fascinating.　谁发明了电话是一个众所周知的事实，但背后的故事却引人入胜。 (4)Which book you should read first depends on not only your level of understanding but also your personal interests and preferences. 你应该先读哪本书不仅取决于你的理解水平，而且取决于你的个人兴趣和偏好。 以上各句中的黑体部分均为连接代词引导的主语从句，连接代词既起连接作用，又在从句中充当成分。　 连接代词what、who、whom、whose、which、whatever、whoever、whichever等引导主语从句时，既起连接作用，又在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分，且不可省略。 单句语法填空 (1)(2024·浙江卷1月)If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that's what they'll promote. (2)(2023·全国甲卷)What we discovered is that it's unwise to judge what you eat only by its appearance. (3)Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well. Give your all to the tasks that matter most to you, and you will find joy and fulfillment in your efforts. (4)Whoever makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival every year, which attracts kite enthusiasts from all over the country. 四、连接副词引导的主语从句 (1)(人教选必一U5)How this could be done was a challenging question at the time. 如何做到这一点在当时是一个具有挑战性的问题。 (2)Where they'll move their office to is not clear. 他们要把办公室搬到哪里还不清楚。 (3)When we'll hold our sports meeting is still unknown now due to the uncertainty of the weather conditions. 由于天气状况的不确定性，我们何时举行运动会现在还不清楚。 以上各句中的黑体部分均为连接副词引导的主语从句，连接副词既起连接作用，又在从句中作状语。　 连接副词when、where、why、how引导主语从句时，在句中既是连接词，又在从句中作状语。when作时间状语；where作地点状语；why作原因状语；how作方式状语。连接副词引导的主语从句，也常用it作形式主语。 单句语法填空 (1)Exactly when the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565. (2) It makes no difference to me where we shall spend our holiday, for what I need is only relaxation. (3)How life began on the earth is one of the biggest puzzles to scientists, despite significant progress in other fields of biology. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2022·全国乙卷)It is believed that today's children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease. 2．(2022·全国甲卷)What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2，000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3，000 years, and the Chinese more still. 3．It is said that he is focusing on a book on space exploration. But when/whether it will come out is up in the air. 4．Considering the complexity of the task, whether or not he will offer us help doesn't matter a lot. 5．That he will go to work in a mountain village surprises all of us, but his dedication to helping others is truly admirable. 6．Who will be made captain of our team is still unknown, but one thing is certain: whoever is put in this position is to lead us out of the present difficulty. 7．Whether you can make your dream come true depends on hard work more than luck. 8．What worried the doctors most was how they could find the cause of the disease because determining its source was crucial to developing an effective treatment plan. 9．Whichever team wins on Saturday will take part in the national championships, where they will face the top teams from across the country. 10．What remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create and that's the real spirit of invention. Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．鉴于当前的状况，比赛是否能按计划进行仍不清楚。 Given the current situation, whether the competition will go ahead as planned remains unclear. 2．很遗憾，由于意外的日程变动我们不能去南方过暑假了。 It is a pity that we can't go to the south to spend our summer vacation because of the unexpected schedule changes. 3．我们如何在这么短的时间内筹集到一大笔钱是一个问题。 How we can raise a huge amount of money in such a short time is a problem. 4．他为什么这样做仍将是个谜，因为他从未对自己的行为给出明确的解释。 Why he did it will remain a puzzle because he has never given a clear explanation for his actions. 5．他在如此短的时间内取得如此大的进步，令我感到惊讶。 (1)It amazes me that he has made such great progress in such a short time.(it作形式主语) (2)What amazes me is that he has made such great progress in such a short time. (what引导主语从句) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $