Unit 3 A healthy diet（易错题专项练习·基础知识）英语译林版三起六年级下册

Unit 3 Healthy diet 专题01 基础知识·易错题专项训练 1.字母组合“ou”的发音规则 2.like的区分 3.few/a few/little/a little的用法区别 4.healthy/health的用法区别 5.many/much/a lot of的用法 6.some和any的用法 7.want的用法 8.drink的用法 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨 易错精讲 高频易错点01 字母组合“ou”的发音（P31） Miss Li shouts，李夫人大喊： “Get out! Get out!” 出去！出去！ There's a little mouse in her house. 有一只小老鼠在她的房子里。 字母组合“ou”在这里发音/aʊ/，如 shout /ʃaʊt/ out /aʊt/ house/haʊs/ mouse/maʊs/ 易错点提示 字母组合ou在这里还可以发音/uː/，如： group /ɡruːp/ soup /suːp/ through /θruː/ 字母组合ou在这里还可以发音/ʊ/，如： could /kʊd/ would /wʊd/ should /ʃʊd/ 小练笔 选出下列单词中画线部分发音与其他两项不同的一项。 ( )1.A．mouse B．ground C．should ( )2.A．could B．about C．loudly ( )3.A．mouth B．touch C．mouse ( )4.A．cousin B．young C．cough 点拨 答案：：CABC 1：AB发音为/aʊ/，C发音为/ʊ/ 2：BC发音为/aʊ/，A发音为/ɔ/ 3：AC发音为/aʊ/，B发音为/ʌ/ 4：AB发音为/ʌ/，C发音为/ɔ/ 高频易错点02 Mike likes eating sweets, cakes and ice cream.（P26） like v.喜欢 like doing sth. 喜欢做某事 I like swimming in summer. 我喜欢在夏天游泳。 易错点提示 1）like to do sth.：表示“喜欢去做某事”，强调具体的一次性行为 。 I like to go swimming this afternoon.我今天下午想去游泳 。 2) like doing sth.：表示“喜欢做某事”，强调习惯性、连贯性的动作 。 She likes reading books. 她喜欢读书 。 3）like 作为“介词”，意为“像.....” You are like your mother. 你像你的妈妈。 小练笔 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Tom likes ______ (play) basketball very much. 2. Would you like ______ (drink) some tea? 3. The cat looks ______ (like) a small tiger. 4. She likes ______ (dance) and she wants ______ (be) a dancer. 5. My brother likes ______ (watch) TV in the evening, but tonight he likes ______ (listen) to music. 点拨 1.答案：playing 解析：`like doing sth.` 表示习惯性、长期性的爱好，“喜欢打篮球”是Tom的固定爱好，因此用 `playing`。 2.答案：to drink 解析：`Would you like to do sth.` 是固定句型，用于礼貌地提出邀请或询问意愿，所以用 `to drink`。 3.答案：like 解析：这里的 `like` 是介词，意为“像……”，`look like` 是固定搭配，意思是“看起来像”，因此直接用 `like`。 4.答案：dancing; to be 解析：第一空：`like doing sth.` 表示习惯性喜欢跳舞，所以用 `dancing`。 第二空：`want to do sth.` 是固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”，因此用 `to be`。 5.答案：watching; to listen 解析：第一空：“晚上喜欢看电视”是习惯性动作，用 `like doing sth.` → `watching`。第二空：“今晚想听音乐”是具体的一次性行为，用 `like to do sth.` → `to listen`。 高频易错点03 He only drinks a little water every day.（P26） He has a few eggs every week. a few 和 a little ① a few 表示肯定意义，意思是“几个”，后接可数名词的复数。如： There are a few eggs in the basket. 篮子里有几个鸡蛋。 ② a little 表示肯定意义，意思是“一点儿”，后面接不可数名词。如： There is a little milk in the fridge. 冰箱里有一点牛奶。 易错点提示 few 与 little 的区别 (1)few 表示否定意义，意思是“没有，几乎没有”，后接可数名词的复数。如： He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞。 (2)little 表示否定意义，意思是“没有多少，几乎没有”，后面接不可数名词。如： There is little milk in the fridge. 冰箱里没什么牛奶了。 拓展：little 还表示“小”。如： a little dog 一只小狗 a little bag 一个小袋子 three little boys 三个小男孩 小练笔 单项选择 ( )1. It is good for the fish to have ______ water plants in the tank(鱼缸) to keep the water clean. A. a few B. a little C. few ( )2. — David often plays alone(独自). He has ______ friends. — Yes. He is too shy to make friends. A. little B. a few C. few ( )3. — Would you like some milk in your tea? — Yes, just ______. A. much B. a little C. little ( )4. — Do you have any water? — Yes, I have ______ in my glass. A. little B. few C. a little ( )5. You can only eat ______ ice creams at a time. It isn't a healthy diet. A. little B. few C. a few 点拨 1.答案：A. a few解析：`water plants` 是可数名词复数，句意为“有一些水草对鱼有好处”，表示肯定意义，用 `a few`。`a little` 后接不可数名词，`few` 表示否定意义，都不符合题意。 2.答案：C. few解析：`friends` 是可数名词复数，句意为“他几乎没有朋友”，表示否定意义，用 `few`。`little` 后接不可数名词，`a few` 表示肯定意义，都不符合题意。 3.答案：B. a little解析：`milk` 是不可数名词，句意为“只要一点牛奶”，表示肯定意义，用 `a little`。`much` 表示“很多”，`little` 表示否定意义，都不符合题意。 4. 答案：C. a little 解析：`water` 是不可数名词，句意为“我的杯子里有一点水”，表示肯定意义，用 `a little`。`little` 表示否定意义，`few` 后接可数名词复数，都不符合题意。 5.答案：C. a few 解析：`ice creams` 是可数名词复数，句意为“一次只能吃几个冰淇淋”，表示肯定意义，用 `a few`。 `little` 后接不可数名词，`few` 表示否定意义，都不符合题意。 高频易错点04 Does Mike have a healthy diet? （P16） healthy adj.健康的 keep / stay healthy 保持健康 He has a healthy diet. 他有健康的饮食 易错点提示 health 和 healthy的区分 ① health：名词，意为“健康” Doing exercise is good for our health. 锻炼有益于我们的健康。 ② healthy：形容词，意为“健康的” We should keep healthy. 我们应该保持健康。 小练笔 单项选择 ( )1. — What should we do to keep ______? — We should eat more fruit and exercise often. A. health B. healthy C. healthily ( )2. Drinking enough water is good for our ______. A. healthy B. health C. healths ( )3. He has a ______ diet, so he is very strong. A. health B. healthy C. healthily ( )4. — Is your mother in good ______? — Yes, she takes exercise every day. A. health B. healthy C. healths ( )5. We need to sleep 8 hours a night to stay ______. A.health B. healthy C. healthily 点拨 1.答案：B. healthy解析：`keep healthy` 是固定搭配，意为“保持健康”，`healthy` 是形容词，符合 `keep + 形容词` 的用法结构。 2.答案：B. health解析：`our` 是形容词性物主代词，后面需要接名词，`health` 是名词，意为“健康”；`healthy` 是形容词，`healths` 是错误表达（`health` 是不可数名词）。 3.答案：B. healthy解析：`diet` 是名词，前面需要用形容词来修饰，`healthy` 是形容词，意为“健康的”，`a healthy diet` 表示“健康的饮食”。 4.答案：A. health解析：`in good health` 是固定短语，意为“身体健康”，`health` 是名词，符合短语的固定搭配。 5.答案：B. healthy解析：`stay healthy` 是固定搭配，意为“保持健康”，`stay` 在这里是系动词，后面需要接形容词 `healthy`。 高频易错点05 Yang Ling has a lot of noodles for breakfast.（P17） a lot of 很多 There is a lot of water in my bottle. 我水杯里有很多水。 易错点提示 区分many/much/a lot of/lots of用法 单词 / 短语 修饰对象 例句 many 可数名词复数（books、dogs） How many apples are there? 有多少个苹果？ much 不可数名词（water、milk） I don’t have much homework.我没有很多作业。 a lot of = lots of 可数名词复数，不可数名词 I have a lot of storybooks.我有很多故事书。There is a lot of rice in the bowl. 碗里有很多米饭。 小练笔 单项选择题 ( )1. There are ______ trees in the school garden. A. many B. much C. a lot ( )2. How ______ water do you drink every day? A. many B. much C. a lot of ( )3. My sister has ______ dolls and ______ candy. A. much; a lot of B. many; much C. many; a lot of ( )4. There isn’t ______ rice on the plate. A. many B. much C. a lot ( )5. ______ students in our class like English. A. Many B. Much C. A lot 点拨 1. 答案：A trees是可数名词复数，用many修饰。 2. 答案：B water是不可数名词，how后用much提问数量。 3. 答案：C dolls是可数复数用many；candy可可数/不可数，a lot of可修饰两者，更合适。 4. 答案：B rice是不可数名词，否定句中用much修饰。 5. 答案：A students是可数复数，用many修饰。 高频易错点06 She eats some meat and some vegetables.（P22） some 表示“一些”，接可数名词复数或者不可数名词。 There are some apples on the desk. 桌子上有一些苹果。 There is some milk in the fridge. 冰箱里有一些牛奶。 易错点提示 some 和any的区分 ① some, any 都表示“一些”的意思，接可数名词复数或者不可数名词。 ② some 一般用于肯定句，any 一般用于否定句和疑问句。 ③ 在希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句（表示委婉语气的问句）中，要用 some， 如：What about …? How about …? Would you like …? Can I …? May I …? Shall I/we …? 等。 Can I have some milk? 我能喝些牛奶吗？ What about some juice? 来些果汁怎么样？ 小练笔 单项选择 ( )1．—Do you need _________? —Yes. A．any rices B．any rice C．some rices ( )2．Eating ______ sweet food is bad for our body. A．too many B．a lot C．too much ( )3．—Can I have ______ cola? —Yes, but you can only drink_____ . A．any; much B．some; a little C．much; a few ( )4．Su Hai eats ____ rice every day. A．a lot of B．too many C．a few ( )5．—Would you like ________ juice? —Yes, please. A．some B．a few C．any ( )6．The boy eats ________ meat and ________ vegetables every day. It’s bad for him. A.some; a lot of B．a lot of; a few C．a few; a little 点拨 1.答案：B. any rice 解析：`rice` 是不可数名词，没有复数形式 `rices`；疑问句中表示“一些”用 `any`，所以选 `any rice`。 2.答案：C. too much 解析：`sweet food` 是不可数名词，`too much` 用来修饰不可数名词，表示“太多”；`too many` 修饰可数名词复数，`a lot` 不能直接接名词，因此选 `too much`。 3.答案：B. some; a little 解析：第一空：`Can I have …?` 是希望得到肯定回答的委婉问句，用 `some`。第二空：`cola` 是不可数名词，`a little` 修饰不可数名词，表示“一点”，符合句意“只能喝一点”。 4.答案：A. a lot of 解析：`rice` 是不可数名词，`a lot of` 既可以修饰可数名词复数，也可以修饰不可数名词；`too many` 和 `a few` 只能修饰可数名词复数，因此选 `a lot of`。 5.答案：A. some 解析：`Would you like …?` 是希望得到肯定回答的委婉问句，要用 `some`；`juice` 是不可数名词，`a few` 不能修饰不可数名词，因此选 `some`。 6.答案：A. some; a lot of 解析：`meat` 是不可数名词，`some` 可以修饰不可数名词。`vegetables` 是可数名词复数，`a lot of` 可以修饰可数名词复数，符合“吃一些肉和很多蔬菜”的句意。`a few` 修饰可数名词复数，`a little` 修饰不可数名词，选项B、C的搭配逻辑不符。 高频易错点07 Do you want to come with me?（P32） want v.想要 want to do sth. 想要做某事 I want to play football with my friends after school. 放学后我想要和我朋友踢足球。 易错点提示 want和would like 同为“想要”，该怎么区分呢？ （1）want sth. 想要某物 I am thirsty, I want some water. 我口渴，我想要一些水 want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 My mother wants me to do homework first. 我妈妈想要我先做作业。 （2）would like to do sth. = want to do sth. 想要做某事 I want to buy some new clothes. = I would like to buy some new clothes. 我想要买一些新衣服。 小练笔 选择正确选项 ( )1. I ______ play basketball with my brother. A. want B. want to C. would like ( )2. Mom ______ me ______ finish my homework. A. want; to B. wants; to C. wants; / ( )3. We ______ some apples. They’re sweet. A. want B. want to C. would like to ( )4. “I’d like to read books” 同义句是______ A.I want read books. B. I want to read books. C. I want books. 点拨 1. 答案：B “想要做某事”用want to do sth.，空后是动词play，故填want to。 2. 答案：B 主语Mom是第三人称单数，want变wants；“想要某人做某事”是want sb. to do sth.，故填wants; to。 3. 答案：A 空后是名词some apples，“想要某物”用want sth.，故选want。 4. 答案：B “I’d like to do sth.”同义于“want to do sth.”，故选I want to read books。 高频易错点08 Sam sees some drinks.（P32） drinks n.饮料，是可数名词 Would you like some drinks? 你想要一些饮料嘛？ 易错点提示 drink v.喝，此时可跟have互换 I am thirsty, I want to drink some water. 我口渴，我想要喝一些水 =I am thirsty, I want to have some water. 我口渴，我想要喝一些水 备注：have 作为动词，意为“吃，喝” I have some milk and eggs for breakfast. 我早餐喝了一些牛奶喝吃了几个鸡蛋。 小练笔 单项选择 ( )1. — What do you want to ______? — I want to ______ some cola. A. eat; drink B. drink; have C. have; eat ( )2. My father often ______ coffee in the morning. A. drink B. drinks C. drinking ( )3. — Would you like some ______? — Yes, I’d like a cup of orange juice. A. drink B. drinking C. drinks ( )4. I ______ some bread and milk for breakfast. A. have B. drink C. eats ( )5. — Can I ______ some water? — Sure, here you are. A. have B. to drink C. having 点拨 1.答案：B. drink; have解析：`cola` 是饮品，第一个空用 `drink` 表示“喝”；`have` 与 `drink` 在此处可以互换，都可以表示“喝”，所以选 `drink; have`。 2.答案：B. drinks解析：主语 `my father` 是第三人称单数，句子是一般现在时，动词需要用第三人称单数形式 `drinks`。 3.答案：C. drinks解析：`drinks` 作为名词，意为“饮料”，是可数名词复数，`some drinks` 表示“一些饮料”，符合题意。 4.答案：A. have解析：`have` 可以同时表示“吃”和“喝”，这里“吃面包、喝牛奶”用 `have` 来表达更合适；主语是 `I`，不能用 `eats`；`drink` 不能搭配 `bread`。 5.答案：A. have解析：情态动词 `can` 后面需要接动词原形，`have` 可以表示“喝”，`to drink` 和 `having` 都不符合语法要求。 综合训练 一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1．I’d like ________ (some) _________ (tomato) and a few eggs. 2．Mary likes ________ (have) rice and vegetables for lunch soon. 3．We have a few _______ (potato) in the basket. 4．Mike has some ________ (meat) and some ________ (vegetable) for dinner. 5．There isn’t _________ (much) food in the fridge. 6．There ________ (be) any vegetables just now. 7．Helen is thirsty. She wants _________ (drink) some water. 8．Vegetables and fruit are _____ (health). 9．Mike ______ (not drink) a lot of water every day. 10．You can’t eat too _____ (much) sweets. 二、单项选择题 ( )11．There ______ any sweets on the table. But there ______ some sweet food. A．are; are B．aren’t; is C．aren’t; are ( )12．—Would you like a glass of juice? —_____ I’d like some water. A．Yes, please. B．Yes, thank you. C．No, thank you. ( )13．Mike has _____ rice for lunch and dinner,but Yang Ling has _____ rice. A．a lot of; a few B．a little; a lot C．a lot of; a little ( )14．Liu Tao likes ______. A．eating sweets B．eat sweets C．eats sweet ( )15．Too much sweet food _________ bad _________ your teeth and eyes. A．are; for B．is; for C．are; to ( )16．Cars use __________ energy, so we should not drive __________. A．some; too many B．a few; too much C．a lot of; so much ( )17．—How many students come to school by metro? —Only _______. A．a few B．a little C．a lot of ( )18．—Do you think that _______ is a healthy diet? —Yes, you’re right. A．drinking more cola B．eating many sweets C．eating many vegetables often ( )19．Doing exercises is good for your ______. A．healthy B．health C．healthily ( )20．I have ______ fruit, and Liu Tao has ______ vegetables. A．a little; a few B．a little; a little C．a few; a little 三、句型转换 21．There is a little soup in the bowl. (对画线部分提问) ______ ______ soup is there in the bowl? 22．He has much rice for lunch. (改为否定句) He ______ ______ much rice for lunch. 23．The teacher let us have a rest. (改成一般疑问句) ______ the teacher ______ you have a rest? 24．Mike has some bread for lunch. (改为一般疑问句) ______ Mike ______ ______ bread for lunch? 25．They would like some meat. (改为一般疑问句) ______ they like ______ meat? 26．I bought some vegetables. (对划线部分提问) _____ _____ vegetables ______ you _____? 27．Leo has some noodles for breakfast.（对画线部分提问） ______ ______ Leo ______ for breakfast? 28．Yang Ling eats some sweets every day.（改为一般疑问句） ______ Yang Ling ______ ______ sweets every day? 四、汉译英，根据中文提示补全句子。 29．我每天都吃水果，我有健康的饮食。 I ___________ ___________ every day. I have a ___________ ___________. 30．我们可以每天喝一点儿牛奶，然后就会变得强壮。 We can drink ___________ ___________ milk every day. Then we will be ___________. 31．她有健康的饮食习惯。每次只吃一点甜食。 She has a ________ ________. She only eats a ________ sweet food at a time. 32．在健康的饮食里，有大量的水果和蔬菜。 ______ a healthy diet, there ______ a lot of ______ and vegetables. 33．他不喜欢喝水。 He doesn’t ______ ______ ______. 34．—刘涛昨天吃肉了吗?—是的，他吃了。但他只吃了一点。 —______ Liu Tao ______ ______ yesterday? —Yes, he ______. But he only ate ______ ______. 35．—我们需要大米吗？—是的，我们需要很多大米。 —Do we need ______ ______? —Yes, we need ______ ______ ______ rice. 36．他一次只吃一点甜食。 He eats _______ _______ sweet food _______ _______ ______. 参考答案 一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1. some; tomatoes 解析：`tomato` 是可数名词，在 `some` 后用复数形式 `tomatoes`。 2. to have 解析：`like to do sth.` 表示具体某一次的意愿，这里“想要吃午饭”是具体动作，用 `to have`。 3. potatoes 解析：`a few` 后接可数名词复数，`potato` 的复数是 `potatoes`。 4. meat; vegetables 解析：`meat` 是不可数名词，无复数形式；`vegetable` 是可数名词，在 `some` 后用复数 `vegetables`。 5. much 解析：`food` 是不可数名词，在否定句中用 `much` 表示“许多”。 6. weren't 解析：`just now` 表示过去时，`vegetables` 是复数，所以用 `weren't`。 7. to drink 解析：`want to do sth.` 是固定搭配，用 `to drink`。 8. healthy 解析：系动词 `are` 后接形容词作表语，`health` 的形容词形式是 `healthy`。 9. doesn't drink 解析：一般现在时，主语 `Mike` 是第三人称单数，否定形式用 `doesn't + 动词原形`。 10. many 解析：`sweets` 是可数名词复数，用 `too many` 修饰，`too much` 用于不可数名词。 二、单项选择题 11. B. aren't; is 解析：`sweets` 是复数，用 `aren't`；`sweet food` 是不可数名词，用 `is`。 12. C. No, thank you. 解析：对方问“想要一杯果汁吗？”，回答“我想要水”，说明拒绝了果汁，用 `No, thank you.`。 13. C. a lot of; a little 解析：`rice` 是不可数名词，`a lot of` 表示“很多”，`a little` 表示“一点”，符合句意。 14. A. eating sweets 解析：`like doing sth.` 表示习惯性动作，“喜欢吃糖果”用 `eating sweets`。 15. B. is; for 解析：`sweet food` 是不可数名词，用 `is`；`be bad for` 是固定短语，意为“对……有害”。 16. C. a lot of; so much 解析：`energy` 是不可数名词，用 `a lot of` 修饰；`so much` 表示“太多”，修饰不可数名词。 17. A. a few 解析：`students` 是可数名词复数，`a few` 表示“一些”，符合语境。 18. C. eating many vegetables often 解析：“健康的饮食”应该是“经常吃很多蔬菜”，A和B选项都是不健康的行为。 19. B. health 解析：`your` 是形容词性物主代词，后接名词，`health` 是名词，意为“健康”。 20. A. a little; a few 解析：`fruit` 是不可数名词，用 `a little`；`vegetables` 是可数名词复数，用 `a few` 表示“有一点”。 三、句型转换 21. How much 解析：对不可数名词的数量提问用 `How much`。 22. doesn't have 解析：一般现在时，主语 `he` 是第三人称单数，否定形式用 `doesn't + 动词原形`。 23. Did; let 解析：一般过去时，变一般疑问句用助动词 `Did`，动词用原形 `let`。 24. Does; have any 解析：一般现在时，主语 `Mike` 是第三人称单数，变一般疑问句用 `Does`，`some` 变 `any`。 25. Would; some 解析：`would like` 变一般疑问句，直接把 `Would` 提前，`some` 保持不变（希望得到肯定回答）。 26. What; did; buy 解析：对“买的东西”提问用 `What`，一般过去时，助动词用 `did`，动词用原形 `buy`。 27. What did; have 解析：对“吃的东西”提问用 `What`，一般过去时，助动词用 `did`，动词用原形 `have`。 28. Does; eat any 解析：一般现在时，主语 `Yang Ling` 是第三人称单数，变一般疑问句用 `Does`，`some` 变 `any`。 四、汉译英 29. eat fruit; healthy diet 解析：“吃水果”是 `eat fruit`；“健康的饮食”是 `a healthy diet`。 30. a little; strong 解析：“一点儿牛奶”是 `a little milk`；“变得强壮”是 `be strong`。 31. healthy diet; little 解析：“健康的饮食习惯”是 `a healthy diet`；“一点甜食”是 `a little sweet food`。 32. In; are; fruit 解析：“在健康的饮食里”是 `In a healthy diet`；“有大量的水果和蔬菜”用 `there are a lot of fruit and vegetables`。 33. like drinking water 解析：“喜欢喝水”是 `like drinking water`，`like doing sth.` 表示习惯性动作。 34. Did; eat meat; did; a little 解析：一般过去时的一般疑问句用 `Did`，动词用原形 `eat meat`；肯定回答用 `did`；“一点”是 `a little`。 35. any rice; a lot of 解析：疑问句中“一些大米”用 `any rice`；“很多大米”是 `a lot of rice`。 36. a little; at a time 解析：“一点甜食”是 `a little sweet food`；“一次”是 `at a time`。 第 1 页 共 18 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $