精品解析：江苏无锡市江阴市南菁高级中学2025-2026学年度第一学期高一年级期末考试英语试题

江苏省南菁高级中学2025—2026学年度第一学期高一年级期末考试英语试卷 命题人：胡林金 审题人：徐鼎芳 本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Schoolmates. B. Workmates. C. Neighbors. 2. Why is the woman going to London? A. To do some shopping. B. To start a business. C. To visit her grandmother. 3. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A music lesson. B. A family tradition. C. A TV show. 4. What will the man begin to do next month? A. Learn the guitar. B. Go on holiday. C. Work as a tutor. 5. Which day is the woman’s birthday? A. The 13th. B. The 20th. C. The 27th. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the man’s morning routine? A. Switching off the phone. B. Making a morning playlist. C. Setting the alarm 10 minutes early. 7. How does the woman get to school? A. On foot. B. By bike. C. By bus. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What was the architect’s attitude towards the woman’s original plan? A. Understanding. B. Unclear. C. Disapproving. 9. Who was the original owner of the land? A. The woman’s great-grandfather. B. The woman’s grandfather. C. The woman’s father. 10. What will the woman do next? A. Answer letters. B. Show pictures. C. Give tips. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Why did the woman move? A. For her education. B. For her dad’s work. C. For her mother’s health. 12. What do the woman’s neighbors offer to do once a week? A. Clean the park. B. Pull up the weeds. C. Help at the museum. 13. Why did the woman’s neighbors hold a fundraising event last week? A. To aid the homeless. B. To support the animals. C. To rebuild a playground. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. When did the man decide to change jobs? A. After he left his hometown. B. After he had his first baby. C. After he visited an exhibition. 15. How did the man learn to make teapots? A. By reading books. B. By watching videos. C. By taking classes. 16. What is the bad thing about the man’s job? A. Frequent travel. B. Low income. C. Long working hours. 17. Why is the man going to Bath this weekend? A. To attend a fair. B. To enter a competition. C. To meet a craftsman. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Why is Kevin employed? A. He’s patient. B. He’s active. C. He’s experienced. 19. What do we know about the course? A. It’s a little expensive. B. It’s a mixed-ability course. C. It’ll start at the end of August. 20. What does the speaker remind the listeners to do in the end? A. Complete a form. B. Do a test. C. Have a checkup. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A WALK FOR GREEN How often do you walk around the campus instead of getting straight onto the shuttle bus? The beauties of our campus deserve to be better explored and can best be explored on foot. Walking is also a greener and healthier alternative to using vehicles. To encourage more students and staff members to walk around the campus, our school has launched a new “Walk for Green” initiative. Programme Setting out from the MTR Station, “Walk for Green” recommends various walking routes on campus, one of which covers the YIA Building, LSK Building and LWS Building. Card readers for different walking routes have been installed (安装) to record the number of points completed by “Walk for Green” participants. Participants who collect 60 points within 30 days will be awarded the title “Green Walker”. Participation To participate, students and staff members would choose a marked route and tap their school cards at the card readers installed at both the start and end points (and also at an intermediate card reader). Name, student/staff ID, department/unit, date, time, and card readers tapped will be recorded. Walking Journey Points Important Notes: 1. Walkers must complete one trip (either upwards or downwards) within one hour to score points. 2. A maximum of six points will be awarded each day. Every time you take a walk on campus, you are helping to preserve our environment and also keeping yourself healthy. Let’s start from today! 1. Where does “Walk for Green” start? A. YIA Building. B. LSK Building. C. LWS Building. D. MTR Station. 2. What are participants required to do? A. Collect at least 6 points. B. Complete a round trip. C. Maintain a fixed speed. D. Choose a pre-set route. 3. How many points do you get by walking from YIA Building to LWS Building? A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 6. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了学校推出的“绿色步行”倡议，包括活动目的、推荐路线、参与方式、积分规则及注意事项，鼓励师生步行校园、践行环保与健康生活。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第二段“Setting out from the MTR Station, “Walk for Green” recommends various walking routes on campus(“绿色步行”活动从地铁站出发，推荐校园内多条步行路线)” 可知，“绿色步行”活动的起点是地铁站，故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第三段 “To participate, students and staff members would choose a marked route, and tap their school cards at the card readers installed at both the start and end points (and also at an intermediate card reader).(参与时，师生需选择一条标记路线，并在起点、终点（部分路线含中途）的读卡器上刷卡)” 可知，参与者需选择预设的标记路线，故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Walking Journey Points表格内容，“YIA Building ↔ LSK Building” 对应 2 分，“LSK Building ↔ LWS Building” 对应 1 分，因此从 YIA Building 步行至 LWS Building 需经过 LSK Building，总积分为 2+1=3 分，故选C。 B In a plum (李子) garden in the Jielong township of Southwest China’s Chongqing,44-year-old Tao Heng set her phone in a nearby studio to sell plums in front of the camera with a smile. No one would have known that confident live-streamer had been frozen by nerves during her first broadcast. In Chongqing’s Zili village,70-year-old entrepreneur (创业者) Chen Kaorong walks through rows of pomelo (柚子) trees. “I just couldn’t bear to see locals cut down their fruit trees for firewood due to the poor sale,” she recalls. Though they have different backgrounds and age groups, these women share a common thread: having all seized the opportunities presented by the digital age to transform their rural communities. Women in rural China now make up over half of the rural workforce, and in recent years, have been rising as key drivers of rural revival (振兴). “After establishing the pomelo planting cooperative, I invited experts to provide technical guidance to enhance the variety and quality. I am eager to help locals prosper and build a strong pomelo brand,” Chen says. Tao has also established a vocational training school that trains over 100 locals each year, helping her community—especially stay-at-home mothers—find employment. “Leading everyone in my hometown to increase their income and prosperity gives me great motivation,” Tao says. She is particularly pleased when she sees rural women who had once been shy now confidently introducing agricultural products before the camera to customers. Based on the efforts of female entrepreneurs like Tao and Chen, the Chongqing Women’s League has created a public brand channel to sell 5,317 quality products in the online marketplace. The League is collaborating with e-commerce platforms like Amazon and JD.com to help these unique products reach international markets, enabling women to contribute more to the country’s rural revival. 4. How did Tao Heng feel during her first livestreaming attempt? A. Tense and stressed. B. Thrilled and natural. C. Confident and professional. D. Bored and impatient. 5. What contributions did women like Tao and Chen make? A. Enhancing the local economy. B. Creating a beloved agricultural brand. C. Replacing traditional farming methods. D. Establishing their own personal business. 6. Why did the author mention the vocational training school? A. To describe the significance of formal education for rural women. B. To argue that vocational training is more effective than self-learning. C. To show Tao’s pioneering role in empowering the community. D. To highlight the government’s leading role in organizing such schools. 7. What is the best title for the passage? A. Women becoming more confident in livestreaming. B. Women entrepreneurs transforming rural communities. C. Jielong pomelo winning popularity all over the country. D. Chongqing Women’s Federation cooperating with e-commerce platforms. 【答案】4. A 5. A 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了重庆农村的陶恒、陈考荣等女性创业者借助数字时代机遇推动农村振兴的事迹。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“No one would have known that confident live-streamer had been frozen by nerves during her first broadcast.(没人会知道，这位自信的主播在她第一次直播时曾因紧张而不知所措。)”可知，陶恒第一次直播时感到紧张和有压力。故选A项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Though they have different backgrounds and age groups, these women share a common thread: having all seized the opportunities presented by the digital age to transform their rural communities. Women in rural China now make up over half of the rural workforce, and in recent years, have been rising as key drivers of rural revival (振兴).(尽管她们背景和年龄不同，但这些女性有一个共同点：都抓住了数字时代带来的机遇来改变她们的农村社区。中国农村女性现在占农村劳动力的一半以上，近年来，已成为农村振兴的关键驱动力。)”以及第四段中陈考荣提到的“I am eager to help locals prosper and build a strong pomelo brand,” Chen says.(陈说：“我渴望帮助当地人致富，打造一个强大的柚子品牌。”)”和第五段陶恒提到的“Leading everyone in my hometown to increase their income and prosperity(带领家乡的每个人增加收入和走向繁荣)”可知，像陶恒和陈考荣这样的女性通过自身努力促进了当地经济发展，故选A项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Tao has also established a vocational training school that trains over 100 locals each year, helping her community—especially stay-at-home mothers—find employment. “Leading everyone in my hometown to increase their income and prosperity gives me great motivation,” Tao says.(陶还创办了一所职业培训学校，每年培训100多名当地人，帮助她所在的社区——尤其是全职妈妈们——找到工作。陶说：“带领家乡的每个人增加收入和走向繁荣给了我很大的动力。”)”可知，作者提到职业培训学校是为了展示陶恒在赋予社区居民能力（帮助就业）方面的先锋作用。故选C项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段中的“Though they have different backgrounds and age groups, these women share a common thread: having all seized the opportunities presented by the digital age to transform their rural communities.(尽管她们背景和年龄不同，但这些女性有一个共同点：都抓住了数字时代带来的机遇来改变她们的农村社区。)”可知，文章主要讲述了像陶恒和陈考荣这样的女性创业者改变农村社区的故事。故选B项。 C OpenAI co-founder Andrej Karpathy imagines a world in which artificial intelligence bots can be made into subject matter experts that are “deeply passionate, great at teaching, infinitely patient and fluent in all of the world’s languages.” Through this vision, the bots would be available to “personally tutor all 8 billion of us on demand.” And he’s not alone. OpenAI CEO Sam Altman, Khan Academy CEO Sal Khan, venture capitalist Marc Andreessen and University of California, Berkeley computer scientist Stuart Russell also dream of bots becoming on-demand tutors, guidance counselors and perhaps even replacements for human teachers. “AI certainly may enhance aspects of education, but history shows that bots probably won’t be an effective substitute for humans. As a researcher focused on AI and other new writing technologies, I’ve seen many cases where high-tech ‘solutions’ for teaching problems fizzled.” Andrej said. Yet technologies for personal learning aren’t new. Exactly 100 years ago, inventor Sidney Pressey unveiled an “automatic teacher” made out of typewriter parts. In the 1950s, the psychologist B. F. Skinner designed “teaching machines.” In both cases, students didn’t learn much — they also found these nonhuman approaches boring. More recently, the world of education saw the rise and fall of “massive open online courses,” or MOOCs. Again, students lost interest and logged off. Other web-based efforts have appeared, including course platforms like Coursera and Outlier. But the same problem persists: There’s no genuine interactivity to keep students engaged. Now comes the proliferation of AI-fueled platforms. Some tech leaders believe bots can customize teaching and replace human teachers and tutors, but they're likely to face the same problem as these earlier attempts: Students are unlikely to be inspired and excited the way they can be by a live instructor. The idea of an AI tutor in every pocket sounds exciting, but history reminds us to keep a close eye on whether students are actually learning. The promises of personalized learning are no guarantee for positive results. 8. Why does the author mention the famous figures in the first two paragraphs? A. To present the super power of AI. B. To stress the role of human teachers. C To emphasize the importance of education. D. To demonstrate the potential problems of AI. 9. What does the underlined word “fizzled” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Failed. B. Worked. C. Appeared. D. Improved. 10. How does the author support his argument? A. By quoting some experts. B. By giving some examples. C. By answering some questions. D. By analyzing some phenomena. 11. What’s the author’s attitude towards AI tutors? A. Approving. B. Cautious. C. Opposed. D. Indifferent. 【答案】8. A 9. A 10. B 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章围绕AI能否替代人类教师展开，介绍了科技界对AI家教的乐观看法，并结合历史案例论及其局限性。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“OpenAI co-founder Andrej Karpathy imagines a world in which artificial intelligence bots can be made into subject matter experts that are “deeply passionate, great at teaching, infinitely patient and fluent in all of the world’s languages.” Through this vision, the bots would be available to “personally tutor all 8 billion of us on demand.” (OpenAI的联合创始人Andrej Karpathy构想了这样一个世界：人工智能机器人可以成为“充满激情、擅长教学、耐心无限、精通世界上所有语言”的学科专家。通过这一愿景，这些机器人将可以“按需为全球80亿人提供私人辅导”)”及第二段“And he’s not alone. OpenAI CEO Sam Altman, Khan Academy CEO Sal Khan, venture capitalist Marc Andreessen and University of California, Berkeley computer scientist Stuart Russell also dream of bots becoming on-demand tutors, guidance counselors and perhaps even replacements for human teachers. (不止他一人这么想，OpenAI首席执行官Sam Altman、可汗学院首席执行官Sal Khan、风险投资家Marc Andreessen和加州大学伯克利分校的计算机科学家Stuart Russell都梦想着机器人成为按需辅导老师、指导顾问，甚至取代人类教师)”可推知，作者提及这些知名人士是为了呈现“AI具备替代教师的强大能力”这一观点。故选A项。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段““AI certainly may enhance aspects of education, but history shows that bots probably won’t be an effective substitute for humans. As a researcher focused on AI and other new writing technologies, I’ve seen many cases where high-tech ‘solutions’ for teaching problems fizzled.” Andrej said. (Andrej说：“人工智能当然可能提高教育的各个方面，但历史表明，机器人可能不会成为人类的有效替代品。作为一名专注于人工智能和其他新写作技术的研究人员，我看到过很多用高科技“解决”教学问题的案例fizzled”)”可知，作者认为AI虽能辅助教育，但并非人类教师的有效替代，结合but表转折的逻辑可推知，fizzled意为“失败、落空”。故选A项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Yet technologies for personal learning aren’t new. Exactly 100 years ago, inventor Sidney Pressey unveiled an “automatic teacher” made out of typewriter parts. In the 1950s, the psychologist B. F. Skinner designed “teaching machines.” In both cases, students didn’t learn much — they also found these nonhuman approaches boring. (然而，个性化学习技术并不新鲜。整整100年前，发明家Sidney Pressey展示了一款由打字机零件制成的“自动教师”。20世纪50年代，心理学家B. F. Skinner设计了“教学机器”。在这两种案例中，学生学到的东西不多，他们还觉得这些非人类的方式很无聊)”及第五段“More recently, the world of education saw the rise and fall of “massive open online courses,” or MOOCs. Again, students lost interest and logged off. (最近，教育界见证了“大规模开放在线课程(MOOCs)”的兴衰。学生们再次失去兴趣并退出了课程)”可推知，作者通过列举历史上类似的教学工具案例来支撑自己的论点。故选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The idea of an AI tutor in every pocket sounds exciting, but history reminds us to keep a close eye on whether students are actually learning. The promises of personalized learning are no guarantee for positive results. (口袋里装着AI家教的想法听起来很诱人，但历史提醒我们要密切关注学生是否真的在学习。个性化学习的承诺并不能保证带来积极的结果)”可知，作者认为AI家教虽听起来诱人，但需警惕其实际效果。由此推知，作者持谨慎的态度。故选B项。 D Many think that language is what sets humans apart from other animals, and that for us to think, language is a decisive factor. British philosopher Bertrand Russell even claimed in 1948 that no intelligent thinking can take place without language. However, a recent study in Nature suggests otherwise. It found that language and thought are two distinct entities, working in separate parts of the brain. They are, in short, “far more independent than we imagined”, wrote ZME Science. The study, conducted by scientists from the US, explored the language-thought relationship through two research approaches. First, they studied patients suffering from global aphasia, who had lost much of their ability to understand or speak due to damage to the left hemisphere of their brain. However, they can still complete complex tasks. “You can ask people with global aphasia to solve math problems or perform social reasoning tests, and as long as the instructions are non-verbal, they can succeed,” Evelina Fedorenko, one of the study’s authors from the US Massachusetts Institute of Technology, told ZME Science. The researchers also used brain-imaging tools to study the brains of healthy volunteers as they performed non-verbal tasks, like solving puzzles and planning. It was found that the brain’s language regions were mostly inactive during such activities. In other words, we generally need language to express our thoughts but we can still think without words. So, if language isn’t necessary for thinking, then why did humans develop it? Fedorenko said language serves mainly as a tool for communication. “Most of the things that you probably learned about the world, you learned through language and not through direct experience with the world,” she said. By being able to share complex information through language, humans gained an evolutionary advantage. Although language does not give rise to thoughts, past research shows that how we speak can heavily influence how we think. For example, the English sentence “he fired the gun” is usually phrased as “the gun went off” in Japanese. As a result, English speakers are more likely to focus on the person responsible for an accident than Japanese speakers, according to Psychology Today. 12. What is the main purpose of the study mentioned in the passage? A. To prove that language is essential for intelligent thinking. B. To develop new treatments for patients with global aphasia. C. To identify the brain regions responsible for non-verbal reasoning. D. To examine the relationship between language and thought. 13. What did brain-imaging tools reveal about healthy volunteers performing non-verbal task? A. They struggled with problem-solving. B. Their language regions showed little activity. C. Their language centers became overactive. D. They would unknowingly use verbal strategies. 14. How can language serve humans according to Fedorenko? A. It helps humans generate thoughts. B. It decides humans’ evolutionary direction. C. It promotes the exchange of complicated ideas. D. It replaces direct experience with the world. 15. What is the main idea of the text? A. Language plays a decisive role in shaping human thought. B. Language and thought are deeply interdependent in the brain. C. The absence of language makes complex thought impossible. D. Thought can operate independently from language. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍一项研究表明语言与思维相互独立，同时阐述语言的作用及对思维的影响。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The study, conducted by scientists from the US, explored the language-thought relationship through two research approaches.(这项由美国科学家开展的研究，通过两种研究方法探讨了语言与思维的关系)”可知，该研究的主要目的是探究语言和思维之间的关系。故选D项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The researchers also used brain-imaging tools to study the brains of healthy volunteers as they performed non-verbal tasks, like solving puzzles and planning. It was found that the brain’s language regions were mostly inactive during such activities.(研究人员还使用大脑成像工具，研究了健康志愿者在执行解谜、规划等非语言任务时的大脑活动。结果发现，在这些活动中，大脑的语言区域大多处于不活跃状态)”可知，健康志愿者在执行非语言任务时，其语言区域几乎没有活动。故选B项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Fedorenko said language serves mainly as a tool for communication. “Most of the things that you probably learned about the world, you learned through language and not through direct experience with the world,” she said. By being able to share complex information through language, humans gained an evolutionary advantage.(费多伦科说，语言主要是一种交流工具。她说：“你对世界的大多数认知，可能都是通过语言学到的，而不是通过与世界的直接体验。”通过语言分享复杂信息的能力，人类获得了进化优势)”可知，费多伦科认为语言能促进复杂思想的交流。故选C项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“However, a recent study in Nature suggests otherwise. It found that language and thought are two distinct entities, working in separate parts of the brain. They are, in short, “far more independent than we imagined”(然而，《自然》杂志最近的一项研究却提出了不同的观点。研究发现，语言和思维是两个不同的实体，在大脑的不同区域运作。简而言之，它们“比我们想象的要独立得多”)”及全文内容可知，文章核心围绕“思维可以独立于语言运作”展开，介绍了相关研究依据、语言的作用及对思维的影响。故选D项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We use our imagination in many ways. Novelists rely on it to dream up plots, characters and scenes. Artists use it to produce new works. ____16____ For adults, however, one of the most common uses of imagination is counterfactual thinking. Do you often find yourself lost in deep thoughts about what could have been? Imagining alternatives, different outcomes and reflecting on your choices? If so, then you’ve engaged in the cognitive process called counterfactual thinking, a psychological exercise that enables us to imagine “what if” situations and explore how different choices or circumstances might lead to different results. ____17____. Following it, we can see how things would have been if something else had been changed. Counterfactual thinking can be a powerful tool for behavior regulation. For example, Sam applied for a job but wasn’t given an opportunity. In this case, he thought “If I had prepared more thoroughly, could I have impressed the interviewer enough for him to hire me?” Sam might understand some of the factors that contributed to his job application outcome and do better next time. ____18____ By imagining alternative scenarios (场景) and reflecting on our actions, we can identify mistakes, learn from them, and adjust our behavior for the future. ____19____ When taken to extremes, counterfactual thinking can lead to endless regret. We’ve all been there — lying awake at night, replaying embarrassing moments or missed opportunities, hurting ourselves mentally with “what ifs”. This kind of excessive counterfactual thinking can be a typical feature of overthinking, and it can have serious negative impacts on our mental health and well-being. ____20____ This way, we can use it positively without falling into an unproductive thought cycle. A. Considering the “what if” question clearly offers benefits. B. It is like rewriting history mentally. C. Children entertain themselves by creating fantastical worlds in their minds. D. Yet letting your imagination run wild isn’t always productive. E. However, it can sometimes lead us to get lost in our counterfactual thinking. F. We should find a balance between learning from the past and accepting what cannot be undone. G. The process of thinking will make us think about problems and improve creativity. 【答案】16. C 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了反事实思维的定义、作用、潜在问题以及应对方法。 【16题详解】 由上文“We use our imagination in many ways. Novelists rely on it to dream up plots, characters and scenes. Artists use it to produce new works. (我们在很多方面都使用想象力。小说家依靠它来构思情节、人物和场景。艺术家用它来创作新作品。)”及下文“For adults, however, one of the most common uses of imagination is counterfactual thinking. (然而，对于成年人来说，想象力最常见的用途之一是反事实思维。)”可知，上文说明了不同人群使用想象力的方式，下文引出成年人使用想象力的方式，本空应说明儿童使用想象力的方式。C选项“Children entertain themselves by creating fantastical worlds in their minds. (孩子们通过在脑海中创造奇幻世界来娱乐自己。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选C。 【17题详解】 由上文“If so, then you’ve engaged in the cognitive process called counterfactual thinking, a psychological exercise that enables us to imagine “what if” situations and explore how different choices or circumstances might lead to different results. (如果是这样，那么你就参与了一种叫做反事实思维的认知过程，这是一种心理练习，使我们能够想象“如果”的情况，并探索不同的选择或情况如何导致不同的结果。)”可知，上文介绍了反事实思维的概念，本空应进一步说明反事实思维的特点。B选项“It is like rewriting history mentally. (这就像在脑海中重写历史。)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选B。 【18题详解】 由上文“Sam might understand some of the factors that contributed to his job application outcome and do better next time. (山姆可能会了解一些导致他求职结果的因素，并在下次做得更好。)”及下文“By imagining alternative scenarios (场景) and reflecting on our actions, we can identify mistakes, learn from them, and adjust our behavior for the future. (通过想象替代场景并反思我们的行为，我们可以识别错误，从中学习，并为未来调整我们的行为。)”可知，上文通过山姆的例子说明了反事实思维的好处，下文进一步说明了反事实思维的好处，本空应总结反事实思维的好处。A选项“Considering the “what if” question clearly offers benefits. (考虑“如果”这个问题显然是有好处的。)”能承接上文，引出下文，符合语境。故选A。 【19题详解】 由下文“When taken to extremes, counterfactual thinking can lead to endless regret. (如果走向极端，反事实思维会导致无尽的遗憾。)”及“This kind of excessive counterfactual thinking can be a typical feature of overthinking, and it can have serious negative impacts on our mental health and well-being. (这种过度的反事实思维可能是过度思考的一个典型特征，它会对我们的心理健康和幸福产生严重的负面影响。)”可知，上文说明了反事实思维的负面影响，下文进一步说明了过度反事实思维的负面影响，本空应说明反事实思维并不总是有益的。D选项“Yet letting your imagination run wild isn’t always productive. (然而，让你的想象力肆意驰骋并不总是有益的。)”能承接上文，引出下文，符合语境。故选D。 【20题详解】 由上文“This kind of excessive counterfactual thinking can be a typical feature of overthinking, and it can have serious negative impacts on our mental health and well-being. (这种过度的反事实思维可能是过度思考的一个典型特征，它会对我们的心理健康和幸福产生严重的负面影响。)”及下文“This way, we can use it positively without falling into an unproductive thought cycle. (这样，我们就可以积极地使用它，而不会陷入无成效的思想循环。)”可知，上文说明了过度反事实思维的负面影响，下文说明了如何积极使用反事实思维，本空应强调平衡反事实思维的使用。F选项“We should find a balance between learning from the past and accepting what cannot be undone. (我们应该在从过去中学习和接受无法改变的事情之间找到平衡。)”能承接上文，引出下文，符合语境。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用(共四节，满分50分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 I’d always loved the coast, but my visit to the abandoned lighthouse changed me. It started when I ____21____ a sun-faded flyer at a cafe: “Restore Old Point Lighthouse — volunteers needed.” Tired of a troubled career, I longed for a ____22____ from my chaotic routine. At dawn, the coordinator handed me a rusty hammer. “Fix the railings (栏杆),” she said. Salt-covered metal tested my strength; each swing was a ____23____ against my frustration. By midday, my arms ached, but I noticed a teen beside me struggling with a nail. I knelt to help: her ____24____ — a quick smile — felt like a small victory. We repainted the railings and shared stories. A retired sailor said the lighthouse ____25____ ships through stormy dark: “It didn’t just glow — it gave ____26____.” The words stayed with me. When we finished the final ____27____ — hanging a new lantern — we climbed to the top as the sun gilded the waves. I realized the lighthouse wasn’t just a structure; it was a ____28____ of hope. My own troubles felt smaller, like waves crashing harmlessly against rock. On the drive home, I stopped at a bookstore and bought a guide to lighthouse history — a ____29____ for me to keep rebuilding, even when things feel hopeless. Months later, I returned. A girl pointed: “This kept my great-grandpa safe.” In a flash, I realized small acts could ____30____ light for others. It is about being light, even when you feel ____31____ yourself. The lighthouse taught me a ____32____: restoration is piecing back parts of ourselves we’ve set aside. When ____33____ come, I think of that hammer — one swing, ____34____ with others, can ____35____ what is worn into something whole. 21. A. designed B. printed C. deserted D. spotted 22. A. solution B. break C. signal D. reason 23. A. battle B. secret C. promise D. trick 24. A. confusion B. doubt C. response D. agreement 25. A. controlled B. followed C. prevented D. guided 26. A. advice B. direction C. judgment D. appointment 27. A. task B. arrangement C. behavior D. option 28. A. memory B. symbol C. resource D. method 29. A. reward B. record C. reminder D. revision 30. A. hide B. spare C. cast D. borrow 31. A. broken B. shallow C. calm D. busy 32. A. skill B. story C. rule D. lesson 33. A. chances B. misunderstandings C. volunteers D. setbacks 34. A. compared B. joined C. challenged D. competed 35. A. prove B. pull C. turn D. knock 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. D 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者厌倦混乱工作后参与废弃灯塔修复，在过程中获得感悟，明白修复灯塔亦是修复自我、传递希望的道理。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：事情始于我在一家咖啡馆发现一张褪色的传单：“修复老角灯塔——招募志愿者。”A. designed设计；B. printed印刷；C. deserted抛弃；D. spotted发现、看见。根据下文“at a cafe”可知，作者是在咖啡馆偶然看到传单。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：厌倦了陷入困境的职业生涯，我渴望从混乱的日常生活中解脱一下。A. solution解决方案；B. break休息、解脱；C. signal信号；D. reason原因。根据前文“Tired of a troubled career”可知，作者厌倦了当前的生活，渴望摆脱混乱。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：布满盐渍的金属考验着我的力量；每一次挥锤都是与沮丧的抗争。A. battle战斗、抗争；B. secret秘密；C. promise承诺；D. trick诡计。根据前文“Salt-covered metal tested my strength”及后文“against my frustration”可知，挥锤修复栏杆的过程很艰难，是与自身沮丧情绪的抗争。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我跪下帮忙：她的回应——一个快速的微笑——感觉像是一场小小的胜利。A. confusion困惑；B. doubt怀疑；C. response回应、反应；D. agreement同意。根据前文“I knelt to help”及后文“a quick smile”可知，微笑是女孩对作者帮忙的回应。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位退休水手说，这座灯塔在狂风暴雨的黑夜中为船只指引方向：“它不只是发光——它还给予方向。”A. controlled控制；B. followed跟随；C. prevented阻止；D. guided指引、引导。根据常识，灯塔的作用是为船只指引航向。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位退休水手说，这座灯塔在狂风暴雨的黑夜中为船只指引方向：“它不只是发光——它还给予方向。”A. advice建议；B. direction方向；C. judgment判断；D. appointment预约。根据前文“____ ships through stormy dark”可知，灯塔不仅发光，更重要的是为船只提供正确方向。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们完成最后一项任务——悬挂一盏新灯笼时，我们爬上塔顶，阳光为海浪镀上了一层金色。A. task任务；B. arrangement安排；C. behavior行为；D. option选择。根据前文“Fix the railings”和“repainted the railings”可知，作者和志愿者们在完成一系列修复任务，悬挂新灯笼是最后一项任务。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到这座灯塔不仅仅是一座建筑；它是希望的象征。A. memory记忆；B. symbol象征；C. resource资源；D. method方法。根据后文“My own troubles felt smaller, like waves crashing harmlessly against rock”可知，灯塔让作者感受到了希望，是希望的象征。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：开车回家的路上，我在一家书店停下，买了一本灯塔历史指南——这提醒我即使在感到绝望的时候，也要继续重建（自我）。A. reward奖励；B. record记录；C. reminder提醒物、提示；D. revision复习。根据后文“to keep rebuilding, even when things feel hopeless”可知，这本书是用来提醒作者坚守信念的物品。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一瞬间，我意识到微小的行动也能为他人投射光芒。A. hide隐藏；B. spare抽出；C. cast投射、散发；D. borrow借。根据上文“A retired sailor said the lighthouse ____ ships through stormy dark: “It didn’t just glow — it gave ____ .””可知，此处指微小行动能像灯塔一样为他人投射光芒，cast light for others为固定搭配相关含义，符合语境。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这关乎即使当你自己感到破碎时，也要成为光芒。A. broken破碎的、受挫的；B. shallow肤浅的；C. calm平静的；D. busy忙碌的。根据前文作者曾厌倦职业生涯、感到沮丧，以及下文“restoration is piecing back parts of ourselves we’ve set aside”可知，此处指即使自身处于受挫、破碎的状态，也要传递希望。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：灯塔教会了我一个道理：修复，就是将我们搁置的自我碎片重新拼凑起来。A. skill技能；B. story故事；C. rule规则；D. lesson道理、教训。根据后文“restoration is piecing back parts of ourselves we’ve set aside”可知，这是作者从修复灯塔的过程中领悟到的道理，teach sb. a lesson为固定搭配，意为“教给某人一个道理”。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当挫折来临时，我会想起那把锤子——一次挥锤，与他人携手，就能将磨损的东西变成完整的模样。A. chances机会；B. misunderstandings误解；C. volunteers志愿者；D. setbacks挫折。根据前文作者曾有职业困境、修复过程中感到沮丧，以及前文“even when things feel hopeless”可知，此处指遇到挫折时。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当挫折来临时，我会想起那把锤子——一次挥锤，与他人携手，就能将磨损的东西变成完整的模样。A. compared比较；B. joined结合、携手；C. challenged挑战；D. competed竞争。根据前文“We repainted the railings and shared stories.”可知，此处指与他人携手。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当挫折来临时，我会想起那把锤子——一次挥锤，与他人携手，就能将磨损的东西变成完整的模样。A. prove证明；B. pull拉；C. turn转变、变成；D. knock敲击。根据前文“restoration is piecing back parts of ourselves we’ve set aside”及语境，修复的过程是将磨损、破碎的东西转变为完整的。故选C。 第二节 短文语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 China Bamboo slips (竹简) tell stories of ancient eras Bamboo and wooden slips were among the earliest writing materials used in ancient China ____36____ paper became widespread, and they are often unearthed from tombs. However, after being in groundwater for more than two thousand years, they are highly susceptible (易受……影响的) to oxidation, deformation and damage. Over the past three decades, through a series of ingenious treatments by experts in Jingzhou, Hubei province, the slips ____37____ (restore) to their original form—pale yellow, narrow, long and flat strips with clearly visible words carved on them. Valuable slips include those carved with the earliest Nine-Nine Multiplication Table, a ____38____ (previous) lost version of The Analects of Confucius, and a collection of ancient prescriptions, including those for treating heart and abdominal disorders, and external ____39____ (injure). Jingzhou, which used to be the ancient capital of the Chu state during the Warring States Period (475-221 BC), was home ____40____ a large number of social elites who followed the custom of burying bamboo and wooden slips they used during their lifetime with them. It makes the city one of the regions with the largest number of unearthed bamboo and wooden slips in China with approximately 30,000 pieces, mainly from the Warring States Period to the Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 220)—a time ____41____ they served as the primary writing medium, according to Zhao Yang, director of the cultural relics protection and restoration department at the center. “These slips contain rich records covering ____42____ wide range of content such as classics, medical books, musical scores, divination, and sacrificial rituals,” he said, adding that these texts, spanning thousands of years, are like “social media posts” and “notebooks” of ancient people, vividly ____43____ (describe) the social landscapes of their time. “Bamboo and wooden slips are primary sources of ____44____ (history) and cultural information, offering highly credible material evidence for studying the history, culture, economy, and society of their respective eras,” he said. “They stand _____45_____ important proof of the continuity of Chinese civilization. The core significance of restoration work lies in preserving the ‘seed’ of Chinese culture and the evidence of its continuity.” 【答案】36. before 37. have been restored 38. previously 39. injuries 40. to 41. when 42. a 43. describing 44. historical 45. as 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国古代竹简和木牍作为早期书写材料的价值、荆州地区大量出土的原因、其内容的丰富性，以及文物保护工作的核心意义。 【36题详解】 考查时间状语从句。句意：在纸张尚未普及之前，竹子和木制薄片是古代中国最早使用的书写材料，它们常从墓穴中被发掘出来。根据句意可知，“在纸张普及之前，竹简和木简是中国古代最早使用的书写材料之一”，此处需填时间状语从句引导词 before，表先后顺序。故填before。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：在过去三十年里，通过湖北荆州专家们一系列巧妙的处理方法，这些薄片已恢复到了原来的形态——淡黄色、窄长且扁平的条状物，上面清晰地刻有文字。时间状语Over the past three decades（过去三十年来）是现在完成时的标志；主语the slips 与 restore（修复）是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态 have been restored。故填have been restored。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：珍贵的薄片包括刻有最早九九乘法表的薄片、之前失传的《论语》版本以及一系列古代药方，其中包括治疗心脏和腹部疾病以及外伤的药方。修饰形容词 lost（失传的）需用副词，previous 的副词形式是 previously，意为 “此前失传的版本”。故填previously。 【39题详解】 考查名词复数形式。句意：珍贵的薄片包括刻有最早九九乘法表的薄片、之前失传的《论语》版本以及一系列古代药方，其中包括治疗心脏和腹部疾病以及外伤的药方。形容词 external（外部的）后需接名词，injure 的名词形式是 injury；结合前文 disorders（复数），此处用复数 injuries，表“外伤”。故填injuries。 【40题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：荆州在战国时期曾是楚国古都（公元前 475 年 - 公元前 221 年），当时这里居住着众多社会精英，他们按照习俗将生前使用的竹子和木制薄片一同埋葬。此处为固定短语be home to，意为“是…… 的所在地 / 栖息地”，句中指荆州曾是众多社会精英的聚居地。故填to。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：据该中心文物保护和修复部主任赵阳介绍，这使得这座城市成为中国出土竹简和木简最多的地区之一，大约有3万件，主要是战国到汉代（公元前206年-公元220年）的竹简和木简，当时竹简是主要的书写媒介。据该中心文物保护与修复部门负责人赵阳介绍。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是a time（一段时期），从句中缺少时间状语，故用关系副词when引导。故填when。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：“这些简牍包含了丰富的记录，涵盖了广泛的内容，如经典、医学书籍、乐谱、占卜和祭祀仪式等。”他说，并补充道，这些跨越数千年的文字就像古代人的“社交媒体帖子”和“笔记本”，生动地描绘了他们那个时代的社会风貌。此处a wide range of 是固定短语，意为“各种各样的”，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，此处指简牍内容涵盖多个领域。故填a。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：“这些简牍包含了丰富的记录，涵盖了广泛的内容，如经典、医学书籍、乐谱、占卜和祭祀仪式等。”他说，并补充道，这些跨越数千年的文字就像古代人的“社交媒体帖子”和“笔记本”，生动地描绘了他们那个时代的社会风貌。分析句子可知，句子已有谓语动词are like，此处需用现在分词作伴随状语；主语 these texts 与 describe 是主动关系，所以为现在分词形式describing。故填describing。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：竹简和木牍是重要的历史与文化资料来源，为研究各自时代的历史、文化、经济和社会提供了极具可信度的实物证据。分析句子可知，此处 cultural 并列修饰名词 information，需用形容词形式historical，historical and cultural information 意为“历史文化信息”。故填historical。 【45题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：它们是中华文明延续性的有力证明。此处为stand as是固定短语，意为“作为…… 而存在；是……的证明”故填as。 第三节 用所给词的适当形式(或虚词类)填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 46. According to the venue regulations, ________ (admit) is strictly limited to one person per ticket. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】admission 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：根据场地规定，每张票只允许一人入场。空处作主语，用名词admission。故填admission。 47. At present, many a farm ________ (destroy) because of the unsustainable land use and worsening droughts. 【答案】is being destroyed 【解析】 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：目前，由于不可持续的土地利用和日益严重的干旱，许多农场正在遭到破坏。“many a + 单数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。农场是“被破坏”，且由At present可知，此处表示现在正在进行的动作，所以用现在进行时的被动语态。在句中is being destroyed。故填is being destroyed。 48. It ________ (date) back several thousand years to the use of longgu-animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. 【答案】dates 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：它可以追溯到几千年前，当时中国古代人在龙骨——动物的骨头和贝壳上雕刻符号。date back意为“追溯到”，本句描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语为it，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。 49. The deep ________ (respectful) for delicious food can be felt in the creation of hand-made noodles, praised many times, which attract tourists all over the world. 【答案】respect 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：在手工面条的制作中，人们对美食的深厚敬意可见一斑，这种对美食的推崇已多次受到赞誉，也吸引了来自世界各地的游客。空处作主语，提示词的名词形式respect“尊重”符合题意，为不可数名词。故填respect。 50. It offers vast beautiful landscapes with rolling hills and winding paths ________ (weave) through the forests. 【答案】weaving 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它提供了广阔美丽的风景，有起伏的山丘和蜿蜒穿过森林的小径。本句已有谓语动词offers，空处需填非谓语动词，作后置定语，修饰名词paths，paths和weave为主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填weaving。 51. Micro-plastics come from a number of different sources, ________ particular from washing and drying synthetic (合成的) clothing and from cosmetics and cleaning products. 【答案】in 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：微塑料来源于多种不同的源头，尤其来自于合成衣物的洗涤和烘干过程，以及化妆品和清洁产品。固定短语in particular表示“尤其”。故填in。 52. Mike was aware of his mistake and promised that he ________ (devote) to his duty. 【答案】would devote 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：迈克意识到了自己的错误，并承诺会全身心投入到工作中。主句谓语动词 promised是一般过去时，其后的宾语从句需要遵循时态呼应规则，用相应的过去时态。从句表达的是“承诺将要投入到职责中”，属于过去将来时的用法，结构为would + 动词原形。故填would devote。 53. New research shows ________ (memory) images seem to last longer, which may have something to do with the way the brain processes the information. 【答案】memorable 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：新研究表明，令人难忘的图像似乎会留存更久，这可能与大脑处理信息的方式有关。空格后是名词 images（图像），需要填入形容词作定语，修饰该名词。动词 memory（记忆）对应的形容词形式是 memorable，意为“难忘的；值得纪念的”。故填memorable。 54. —“Where did you last see David? I’m really worried about him.” —“It was at the central library ________ we often studied together until closing time.” 【答案】where 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意： ——“你最后一次见到大卫是在哪里？我真的很担心他。” ——“是在中央图书馆，我们经常在那里一起学习到关门。”分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是表示地点的名词the central library，定语从句we often studied together until closing time 中不缺主语或宾语，缺少的是地点状语（相当于 in the library），因此用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。 55. During the autumn harvest, the children would run ________ (energy) across the field, their laughter echoing in the air. 【答案】energetically 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：在秋收时节，孩子们会在田野里充满活力地奔跑，他们的笑声回荡在空气中。修饰动词run，应用提示词的副词形式energetically“精力充沛地，充满活力地”。故填energetically。 第四节 句子翻译(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 56. 医生建议他每天都要做运动来增强体质。(recommend+从句) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The doctor recommended (that) he (should) do exercise every day to build up his strength. 【解析】 【详解】考查名词、动词、虚拟语气用法、动词不定式和时态。根据句意以及句子提示要求可知，表示“医生”为名词The doctor；表示“建议”为动词recommend；动词recommend后接宾语从句时，从句谓语需用 (should) + 动词原形 的虚拟语气结构，其中should可省略。在该从句中，表示“做运动”应为动词短语do exercise；表示“每天”为名词短语every day；后接动词不定式to do作目的状语，表示“增强她的体质”应为动词短语build up his strength；结合句意可知，该句应为陈述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时。故翻译为：The doctor recommended (that) he (should) do exercise every day to build up his strength. 57. 花费太多时间上网会让你们难以专注生活中的其他事情。（动词+it+宾语补足语）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Spending too much time online will make it difficult for you to focus on other things in life. 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定句型。“花太多时间上网”用spend too much time online，作主语，且陈述一般行为，用动名词形式；“使得做某事是……的”用make it+adj.+for sb. to do sth.，it是形式宾语，不定式作真正的宾语；“困难的”用形容词difficult，作宾补；“专注于生活中的其他事情”用focus on other things in life；句子表示未来可能发生的动作，用一般将来时。故翻译为Spending too much time online will make it difficult for you to focus on other things in life. 58. 直到那时我才意识到一个小小的善举可能会对我们周围的人产生巨大的影响。(only+状语置于句首：difference)(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Only then did I realize that a small act of kindness could make a great difference to the people around us. 【解析】 【详解】考查倒装结构、宾语从句、情态动词和固定搭配。根据句意，该句动作发生在过去，主句和从句均使用相应的过去时态；表示“直到那时”为only then，only+时间状语置于句首时，主句需用部分倒装结构，only首字母需大写；表示“我才意识到”为主句核心内容，部分倒装需将助动词提至主语前，“意识到”的过去式为realized，对应的助动词为did，故倒装后为did I realize；“意识到”后接宾语从句，从句引导词that可省略，从句中“一个小小的善举”为a small act of kindness作主语，“可能会”为could，后接动词原形，“对……产生巨大的影响”为固定搭配make a great difference to，故从句译为that a small act of kindness could make a great difference to；表示“我们周围的人”为the people around us作介词to的宾语。故翻译为Only then did I realize that a small act of kindness could make a great difference to the people around us. 59. 尽管困难重重，他仍然坚持原计划。(despite; stick) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Despite (all) the difficulties, he still stuck to the original plan. 【解析】 【详解】考查介词、名词、动词短语和形容词。句子应该是描述过去发生的事情，时态宜用一般过去时；“尽管”可用介词despite，“困难重重”即“重重困难”，可用名词短语all the difficulties，且all可省略，主语“他”用代词he，状语“仍然”可用副词still，谓语“坚持”可用动词短语stick to，宾语“原计划”可用名词短语the original plan。故可译为：Despite (all) the difficulties, he still stuck to the original plan. 60. 这所大学的数名毕业生为乡村教育做出了贡献，鼓舞了许多年轻人。(inspire的分词结构) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Several graduates from this university have contributed to rural education, inspiring many young people. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语和时态。表示“这所大学的数名毕业生”为several graduates from this university；表示“做出贡献”短语为contribute to；表示“乡村教育”为rural education；表示“鼓舞了许多年轻人”用现在分词作状语，与上文构成主动关系，翻译为inspiring many young people。表示过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时。故翻译为Several graduates from this university have contributed to rural education, inspiring many young people. 第四部分 应用文写作(满分20分) 61. 你校英语报正在举办主题为“分享你的时间管理经验”的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1.你的时间管理经验； 2.你是如何受益的。 注意： 1.写作词数为100个左右； 2.注意文体格式。 My Time Management Experience ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 My Time Management Experience Effective time management is crucial for my academic life. My approach centers on two key strategies: making a prioritized to-do list each night and using the Pomodoro Technique during study sessions. The benefits are significant. Firstly, I accomplish more in less time, which reduces stress and frees up moments for hobbies like reading. Secondly, the clear plan enhances my focus, leading to improved quiz grades. Most importantly, I feel a greater sense of control over my daily life, which boosts my overall confidence. By managing time wisely, I’ve not only become more productive but also happier and more balanced. I highly recommend these methods to my fellow students. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇短文，介绍自己的时间管理经验，并谈谈自己是如何受益的，向校英语报投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 专注于：center on → concentrate on 使用：use → take advantage of 重要的：be significant → be of significance 压力：stress → pressure 2句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Secondly, the clear plan enhances my focus, leading to improved quiz grades.  拓展句：Secondly, the clear plan enhances my focus, which leads to improved quiz grades.  【点睛】【高分句型1】Firstly, I accomplish more in less time, which reduces stress and frees up moments for hobbies like reading.(运用了which引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】 Most importantly, I feel a greater sense of control over my daily life, which boosts my overall confidence.(运用了which引导的定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 江苏省南菁高级中学2025—2026学年度第一学期高一年级期末考试英语试卷 命题人：胡林金 审题人：徐鼎芳 本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Schoolmates. B. Workmates. C. Neighbors. 2. Why is the woman going to London? A. To do some shopping. B. To start a business. C. To visit her grandmother. 3. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A music lesson. B. A family tradition. C. A TV show. 4. What will the man begin to do next month? A. Learn the guitar. B. Go on holiday. C. Work as a tutor. 5. Which day is the woman’s birthday? A. The 13th. B. The 20th. C. The 27th. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the man’s morning routine? A. Switching off the phone. B. Making a morning playlist. C. Setting the alarm 10 minutes early. 7. How does the woman get to school? A. On foot. B. By bike. C. By bus. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What was the architect’s attitude towards the woman’s original plan? A. Understanding. B. Unclear. C. Disapproving. 9. Who was the original owner of the land? A. The woman’s great-grandfather. B. The woman’s grandfather. C. The woman’s father. 10. What will the woman do next? A. Answer letters. B. Show pictures. C. Give tips. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Why did the woman move? A. For her education. B. For her dad’s work. C. For her mother’s health. 12. What do the woman’s neighbors offer to do once a week? A. Clean the park. B. Pull up the weeds. C. Help at the museum. 13. Why did the woman’s neighbors hold a fundraising event last week? A. To aid the homeless. B. To support the animals. C. To rebuild a playground. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. When did the man decide to change jobs? A. After he left his hometown. B. After he had his first baby. C. After he visited an exhibition. 15. How did the man learn to make teapots? A. By reading books. B. By watching videos. C. By taking classes. 16. What is the bad thing about the man’s job? A. Frequent travel. B. Low income. C. Long working hours. 17. Why is the man going to Bath this weekend? A To attend a fair. B. To enter a competition. C. To meet a craftsman. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Why is Kevin employed? A He’s patient. B. He’s active. C. He’s experienced. 19. What do we know about the course? A. It’s a little expensive. B. It’s a mixed-ability course. C. It’ll start at the end of August. 20. What does the speaker remind the listeners to do in the end? A. Complete a form. B. Do a test. C. Have a checkup. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A WALK FOR GREEN How often do you walk around the campus instead of getting straight onto the shuttle bus? The beauties of our campus deserve to be better explored and can best be explored on foot. Walking is also a greener and healthier alternative to using vehicles. To encourage more students and staff members to walk around the campus, our school has launched a new “Walk for Green” initiative. Programme Setting out from the MTR Station, “Walk for Green” recommends various walking routes on campus, one of which covers the YIA Building, LSK Building and LWS Building. Card readers for different walking routes have been installed (安装) to record the number of points completed by “Walk for Green” participants. Participants who collect 60 points within 30 days will be awarded the title “Green Walker”. Participation To participate students and staff members would choose a marked route and tap their school cards at the card readers installed at both the start and end points (and also at an intermediate card reader). Name, student/staff ID, department/unit, date, time, and card readers tapped will be recorded. Walking Journey Points Important Notes: 1. Walkers must complete one trip (either upwards or downwards) within one hour to score points. 2. A maximum of six points will be awarded each day. Every time you take a walk on campus, you are helping to preserve our environment and also keeping yourself healthy. Let’s start from today! 1. Where does “Walk for Green” start? A. YIA Building. B. LSK Building. C. LWS Building. D. MTR Station. 2. What are participants required to do? A. Collect at least 6 points. B. Complete a round trip. C. Maintain a fixed speed. D. Choose a pre-set route. 3. How many points do you get by walking from YIA Building to LWS Building? A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 6. B In a plum (李子) garden in the Jielong township of Southwest China’s Chongqing,44-year-old Tao Heng set her phone in a nearby studio to sell plums in front of the camera with a smile. No one would have known that confident live-streamer had been frozen by nerves during her first broadcast. In Chongqing’s Zili village,70-year-old entrepreneur (创业者) Chen Kaorong walks through rows of pomelo (柚子) trees. “I just couldn’t bear to see locals cut down their fruit trees for firewood due to the poor sale,” she recalls. Though they have different backgrounds and age groups, these women share a common thread: having all seized the opportunities presented by the digital age to transform their rural communities. Women in rural China now make up over half of the rural workforce, and in recent years, have been rising as key drivers of rural revival (振兴). “After establishing the pomelo planting cooperative, I invited experts to provide technical guidance to enhance the variety and quality. I am eager to help locals prosper and build a strong pomelo brand,” Chen says. Tao has also established a vocational training school that trains over 100 locals each year, helping her community—especially stay-at-home mothers—find employment. “Leading everyone in my hometown to increase their income and prosperity gives me great motivation,” Tao says. She is particularly pleased when she sees rural women who had once been shy now confidently introducing agricultural products before the camera to customers. Based on the efforts of female entrepreneurs like Tao and Chen, the Chongqing Women’s League has created a public brand channel to sell 5,317 quality products in the online marketplace. The League is collaborating with e-commerce platforms like Amazon and JD.com to help these unique products reach international markets, enabling women to contribute more to the country’s rural revival. 4. How did Tao Heng feel during her first livestreaming attempt? A. Tense and stressed. B. Thrilled and natural. C. Confident and professional. D. Bored and impatient. 5. What contributions did women like Tao and Chen make? A. Enhancing the local economy. B. Creating a beloved agricultural brand. C. Replacing traditional farming methods. D. Establishing their own personal business. 6. Why did the author mention the vocational training school? A. To describe the significance of formal education for rural women. B. To argue that vocational training is more effective than self-learning. C. To show Tao’s pioneering role in empowering the community. D. To highlight the government’s leading role in organizing such schools. 7. What is the best title for the passage? A. Women becoming more confident in livestreaming. B. Women entrepreneurs transforming rural communities. C. Jielong pomelo winning popularity all over the country. D. Chongqing Women’s Federation cooperating with e-commerce platforms. C OpenAI co-founder Andrej Karpathy imagines a world in which artificial intelligence bots can be made into subject matter experts that are “deeply passionate, great at teaching, infinitely patient and fluent in all of the world’s languages.” Through this vision, the bots would be available to “personally tutor all 8 billion of us on demand.” And he’s not alone. OpenAI CEO Sam Altman, Khan Academy CEO Sal Khan, venture capitalist Marc Andreessen and University of California, Berkeley computer scientist Stuart Russell also dream of bots becoming on-demand tutors, guidance counselors and perhaps even replacements for human teachers. “AI certainly may enhance aspects of education, but history shows that bots probably won’t be an effective substitute for humans. As a researcher focused on AI and other new writing technologies, I’ve seen many cases where high-tech ‘solutions’ for teaching problems fizzled.” Andrej said. Yet technologies for personal learning aren’t new. Exactly 100 years ago, inventor Sidney Pressey unveiled an “automatic teacher” made out of typewriter parts. In the 1950s, the psychologist B. F. Skinner designed “teaching machines.” In both cases, students didn’t learn much — they also found these nonhuman approaches boring. More recently, the world of education saw the rise and fall of “massive open online courses,” or MOOCs. Again, students lost interest and logged off. Other web-based efforts have appeared, including course platforms like Coursera and Outlier. But the same problem persists: There’s no genuine interactivity to keep students engaged. Now comes the proliferation of AI-fueled platforms. Some tech leaders believe bots can customize teaching and replace human teachers and tutors, but they're likely to face the same problem as these earlier attempts: Students are unlikely to be inspired and excited the way they can be by a live instructor. The idea of an AI tutor in every pocket sounds exciting, but history reminds us to keep a close eye on whether students are actually learning. The promises of personalized learning are no guarantee for positive results. 8. Why does the author mention the famous figures in the first two paragraphs? A. To present the super power of AI. B. To stress the role of human teachers. C. To emphasize the importance of education. D. To demonstrate the potential problems of AI. 9 What does the underlined word “fizzled” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Failed. B. Worked. C. Appeared. D. Improved. 10. How does the author support his argument? A. By quoting some experts. B. By giving some examples. C. By answering some questions. D. By analyzing some phenomena. 11. What’s the author’s attitude towards AI tutors? A. Approving. B. Cautious. C. Opposed. D. Indifferent. D Many think that language is what sets humans apart from other animals, and that for us to think, language is a decisive factor. British philosopher Bertrand Russell even claimed in 1948 that no intelligent thinking can take place without language. However, a recent study in Nature suggests otherwise. It found that language and thought are two distinct entities, working in separate parts of the brain. They are, in short, “far more independent than we imagined”, wrote ZME Science. The study, conducted by scientists from the US, explored the language-thought relationship through two research approaches. First, they studied patients suffering from global aphasia, who had lost much of their ability to understand or speak due to damage to the left hemisphere of their brain. However, they can still complete complex tasks. “You can ask people with global aphasia to solve math problems or perform social reasoning tests, and as long as the instructions are non-verbal, they can succeed,” Evelina Fedorenko, one of the study’s authors from the US Massachusetts Institute of Technology, told ZME Science. The researchers also used brain-imaging tools to study the brains of healthy volunteers as they performed non-verbal tasks, like solving puzzles and planning. It was found that the brain’s language regions were mostly inactive during such activities. In other words, we generally need language to express our thoughts but we can still think without words. So, if language isn’t necessary for thinking, then why did humans develop it? Fedorenko said language serves mainly as a tool for communication. “Most of the things that you probably learned about the world, you learned through language and not through direct experience with the world,” she said. By being able to share complex information through language, humans gained an evolutionary advantage. Although language does not give rise to thoughts, past research shows that how we speak can heavily influence how we think. For example, the English sentence “he fired the gun” is usually phrased as “the gun went off” in Japanese. As a result, English speakers are more likely to focus on the person responsible for an accident than Japanese speakers, according to Psychology Today. 12. What is the main purpose of the study mentioned in the passage? A. To prove that language is essential for intelligent thinking. B. To develop new treatments for patients with global aphasia. C. To identify the brain regions responsible for non-verbal reasoning. D. To examine the relationship between language and thought. 13. What did brain-imaging tools reveal about healthy volunteers performing non-verbal task? A. They struggled with problem-solving. B. Their language regions showed little activity. C. Their language centers became overactive. D. They would unknowingly use verbal strategies. 14. How can language serve humans, according to Fedorenko? A. It helps humans generate thoughts. B. It decides humans’ evolutionary direction. C. It promotes the exchange of complicated ideas. D. It replaces direct experience with the world. 15. What is the main idea of the text? A. Language plays a decisive role in shaping human thought. B. Language and thought are deeply interdependent in the brain. C. The absence of language makes complex thought impossible. D. Thought can operate independently from language. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We use our imagination in many ways. Novelists rely on it to dream up plots, characters and scenes. Artists use it to produce new works. ____16____ For adults, however, one of the most common uses of imagination is counterfactual thinking. Do you often find yourself lost in deep thoughts about what could have been? Imagining alternatives, different outcomes and reflecting on your choices? If so, then you’ve engaged in the cognitive process called counterfactual thinking, a psychological exercise that enables us to imagine “what if” situations and explore how different choices or circumstances might lead to different results. ____17____. Following it, we can see how things would have been if something else had been changed. Counterfactual thinking can be a powerful tool for behavior regulation. For example, Sam applied for a job but wasn’t given an opportunity. In this case, he thought “If I had prepared more thoroughly, could I have impressed the interviewer enough for him to hire me?” Sam might understand some of the factors that contributed to his job application outcome and do better next time. ____18____ By imagining alternative scenarios (场景) and reflecting on our actions, we can identify mistakes, learn from them, and adjust our behavior for the future. ____19____ When taken to extremes, counterfactual thinking can lead to endless regret. We’ve all been there — lying awake at night, replaying embarrassing moments or missed opportunities, hurting ourselves mentally with “what ifs”. This kind of excessive counterfactual thinking can be a typical feature of overthinking, and it can have serious negative impacts on our mental health and well-being. ____20____ This way, we can use it positively without falling into an unproductive thought cycle. A. Considering the “what if” question clearly offers benefits. B. It is like rewriting history mentally. C. Children entertain themselves by creating fantastical worlds in their minds. D. Yet letting your imagination run wild isn’t always productive. E. However, it can sometimes lead us to get lost in our counterfactual thinking. F. We should find a balance between learning from the past and accepting what cannot be undone. G. The process of thinking will make us think about problems and improve creativity. 第三部分 语言运用(共四节，满分50分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 I’d always loved the coast, but my visit to the abandoned lighthouse changed me. It started when I ____21____ a sun-faded flyer at a cafe: “Restore Old Point Lighthouse — volunteers needed.” Tired of a troubled career, I longed for a ____22____ from my chaotic routine. At dawn, the coordinator handed me a rusty hammer. “Fix the railings (栏杆),” she said. Salt-covered metal tested my strength; each swing was a ____23____ against my frustration. By midday, my arms ached, but I noticed a teen beside me struggling with a nail. I knelt to help: her ____24____ — a quick smile — felt like a small victory. We repainted the railings and shared stories. A retired sailor said the lighthouse ____25____ ships through stormy dark: “It didn’t just glow — it gave ____26____.” The words stayed with me. When we finished the final ____27____ — hanging a new lantern — we climbed to the top as the sun gilded the waves. I realized the lighthouse wasn’t just a structure; it was a ____28____ of hope. My own troubles felt smaller, like waves crashing harmlessly against rock. On the drive home, I stopped at a bookstore and bought a guide to lighthouse history — a ____29____ for me to keep rebuilding, even when things feel hopeless. Months later, I returned. A girl pointed: “This kept my great-grandpa safe.” In a flash, I realized small acts could ____30____ light for others. It is about being light, even when you feel ____31____ yourself. The lighthouse taught me a ____32____: restoration is piecing back parts of ourselves we’ve set aside. When ____33____ come, I think of that hammer — one swing, ____34____ with others, can ____35____ what is worn into something whole. 21. A. designed B. printed C. deserted D. spotted 22. A. solution B. break C. signal D. reason 23. A. battle B. secret C. promise D. trick 24. A. confusion B. doubt C. response D. agreement 25. A. controlled B. followed C. prevented D. guided 26. A. advice B. direction C. judgment D. appointment 27. A. task B. arrangement C. behavior D. option 28 A. memory B. symbol C. resource D. method 29. A. reward B. record C. reminder D. revision 30. A. hide B. spare C. cast D. borrow 31. A. broken B. shallow C. calm D. busy 32. A. skill B. story C. rule D. lesson 33. A. chances B. misunderstandings C. volunteers D. setbacks 34. A. compared B. joined C. challenged D. competed 35. A. prove B. pull C. turn D. knock 第二节 短文语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 China Bamboo slips (竹简) tell stories of ancient eras Bamboo and wooden slips were among the earliest writing materials used in ancient China ____36____ paper became widespread, and they are often unearthed from tombs. However, after being in groundwater for more than two thousand years, they are highly susceptible (易受……影响的) to oxidation, deformation and damage. Over the past three decades, through a series of ingenious treatments by experts in Jingzhou, Hubei province, the slips ____37____ (restore) to their original form—pale yellow, narrow, long and flat strips with clearly visible words carved on them. Valuable slips include those carved with the earliest Nine-Nine Multiplication Table, a ____38____ (previous) lost version of The Analects of Confucius, and a collection of ancient prescriptions, including those for treating heart and abdominal disorders, and external ____39____ (injure). Jingzhou, which used to be the ancient capital of the Chu state during the Warring States Period (475-221 BC), was home ____40____ a large number of social elites who followed the custom of burying bamboo and wooden slips they used during their lifetime with them. It makes the city one of the regions with the largest number of unearthed bamboo and wooden slips in China with approximately 30,000 pieces, mainly from the Warring States Period to the Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 220)—a time ____41____ they served as the primary writing medium, according to Zhao Yang, director of the cultural relics protection and restoration department at the center. “These slips contain rich records covering ____42____ wide range of content such as classics, medical books, musical scores, divination, and sacrificial rituals,” he said, adding that these texts, spanning thousands of years, are like “social media posts” and “notebooks” of ancient people, vividly ____43____ (describe) the social landscapes of their time. “Bamboo and wooden slips are primary sources of ____44____ (history) and cultural information, offering highly credible material evidence for studying the history, culture, economy, and society of their respective eras,” he said. “They stand _____45_____ important proof of the continuity of Chinese civilization. The core significance of restoration work lies in preserving the ‘seed’ of Chinese culture and the evidence of its continuity.” 第三节 用所给词的适当形式(或虚词类)填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 46. According to the venue regulations, ________ (admit) is strictly limited to one person per ticket. (所给词的适当形式填空) 47. At present, many a farm ________ (destroy) because of the unsustainable land use and worsening droughts. 48. It ________ (date) back several thousand years to the use of longgu-animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. 49. The deep ________ (respectful) for delicious food can be felt in the creation of hand-made noodles, praised many times, which attract tourists all over the world. 50. It offers vast beautiful landscapes with rolling hills and winding paths ________ (weave) through the forests. 51. Micro-plastics come from a number of different sources, ________ particular from washing and drying synthetic (合成的) clothing and from cosmetics and cleaning products. 52. Mike was aware of his mistake and promised that he ________ (devote) to his duty. 53. New research shows ________ (memory) images seem to last longer, which may have something to do with the way the brain processes the information. 54. —“Where did you last see David? I’m really worried about him.” —“It was at the central library ________ we often studied together until closing time.” 55. During the autumn harvest, the children would run ________ (energy) across the field, their laughter echoing in the air. 第四节 句子翻译(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 56. 医生建议他每天都要做运动来增强体质。(recommend+从句) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 57. 花费太多时间上网会让你们难以专注生活中的其他事情。（动词+it+宾语补足语）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________________________ 58. 直到那时我才意识到一个小小的善举可能会对我们周围的人产生巨大的影响。(only+状语置于句首：difference)(汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 59. 尽管困难重重，他仍然坚持原计划。(despite; stick) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________________________ 60. 这所大学的数名毕业生为乡村教育做出了贡献，鼓舞了许多年轻人。(inspire的分词结构) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________ 第四部分 应用文写作(满分20分) 61. 你校英语报正在举办主题为“分享你的时间管理经验”的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1.你的时间管理经验； 2.你是如何受益的。 注意： 1.写作词数为100个左右； 2.注意文体格式。 My Time Management Experience ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $