Unit 1 Period 2 Using language-【优学精讲】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册教用Word(外研版)

Period 2　Using language 非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句只是对先行词进行补充说明，主从句的关系并不十分密切，如果省略非限制性定语从句，主句的意思仍然完整清楚。非限制性定语从句和主句之间往往用逗号隔开。 一、非限制性定语从句的关系词 (1)(教材P2)I walk through the doors into the waiting area, where there's a familiar atmosphere of boredom and tension.　我穿过一道道门进入候诊区，那里有一种熟悉的、无聊又紧张的气氛。 (2)(教材P2)People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs, looking through old magazines, all of which have been read hundreds of times previously. 人们别扭地坐在塑料椅子上，翻阅着之前已经被读过几百次的旧杂志。 (3)(教材P2)Scientific studies show that laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better, which means clown doctors can be helpful. 科学研究表明，笑会产生让人感觉更好的化学物质，这意味着小丑医生是能有所帮助的。 (4)(教材P4)We have to be very sensitive and work closely with the doctors and nurses, who keep us updated on each patient. 我们必须非常善解人意，并与医生和护士密切合作，他们让我们了解每个病人的最新情况。 (5)(人教选必一U1)In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients. 在开始的时候，屠呦呦去了疟疾更为常见的海南来研究疟疾患者。 (6)(人教选必一U1)Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered. 后来，这种药物在疟疾患者身上进行了测试，大部分受试患者都康复了。 (7)We will go fishing next Sunday, when we won't be so busy. 下周天我们将去钓鱼，那时我们就不会那么忙了。 (1)句中where引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the waiting area；(2)(4)(6)句中的关系词在句中作主语；(3)句中which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句内容；(5)(7)句中的关系词在句中作状语，where和when可以用“介词＋which”替换。 1．非限制性定语从句的关系词 关系词 先行词 在从句中作的成分 关系代词 who 人 主语 whom 人 宾语 which 物/整个主句 主语/宾语 whose(＝ of whom或of which) 人/物 定语 as 人/物/整个主句 主语/宾语 关系副词 when 时间名词 时间状语 where 通常是地点名词 地点状语 2.非限制性定语从句的注意事项 (1)在非限制性定语从句中不能用that来代指人或物，而应当用who/whom指人，用which指物。指人和指物的关系代词在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时也不能省略。指人作宾语时只能用宾格whom，不能用who替换。 (2)when和where引导非限制性定语从句可与“介词＋which”互换。 (3)非限制性定语从句不用why引导，可用for which代替why。 用适当的关系词填空 (1)Toh's love for the Chinese bamboo flute started in elementary school, whose clear sound guided him onto the road of flute learning. (2)(2022·全国甲卷)On the 1，100­kilometer journey，the man Cao Shengkang，who lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident，crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces. (3)(2023·北京卷)Nina recently finished her year­long series of runs in Chicago, where thousands were attending a water conference. (4)(2021·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)My life as a tax­paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory. 二、as与which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别 (1)As we all know, the earth moves around the sun. 正如我们所知，地球绕着太阳转。 (2)The singer, as was expected, achieved a great success. 正如预料的那样，这个歌唱家获得了巨大的成功。 (3)Catherine will attend a friend's wedding, which she is busy preparing for now. 凯瑟琳将参加朋友的婚礼，她现在正忙于筹备。 (1)(2)句中的定语从句由as引导，位置比较灵活；(3)句中的定语从句由which引导，只能放在主句之后。 as与which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别 as which 指代 引导从句只能指代整个主句的内容 引导从句既可指代整个主句的内容，也可指代主句的一部分 位置 可位于主句之前、之中或之后 只能位于主句之后 意义 正如、正像 这一点、这件事 功能 连接上下文，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处等 引导的从句在意义上相当于一个并列句 as引导非限制性定语从句时，其后常接expect、know、report、say、see等动词的主动或被动语态句以及用于一些固定结构中。如：as we all know/as is known to all(众所周知)、as you can see(如你所见)、as is/was expected(正如预料的那样)、as has been said above(如上所述)、as is mentioned above (正如上面所提到的)、as is often the case (这是常有的事)等。 选词填空(as/which) (1)(2023·全国甲卷)Yet，the form of the fable still has values today, as Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.” (2)(2022·浙江卷1月满分作文)Finally, my hard work paid off—we were awarded an A, which gave me great satisfaction. (3)(2021·新高考全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)Youth covers a wide variety of topics, which lead us into the outer world. (4)More and more people in the world, as we see, have come to realize the significance of pollution control. Ⅰ.用适当的关系词填空 1．When performing Beijing Opera, artists follow the established formats of singing, reciting, acting and martial arts, which are the four core elements and skills of Beijing Opera. 2．(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)A city pass，with which she can visit 12 different attractions, including the National History Museum, the Science Museum, the zoo and more. 3．According to experts, this type of Chinese folk art originated from the Ming Dynasty, when sugar animals and figures were created as part of ceremonies for sacrifice. 4．I paid a visit to a company last month, where my brother is working, and had a chance to see his work environment and meet some of his colleagues. 5．Seven people were caught in the big fire that broke out on Friday, four of whom were badly injured. 6．Scientists, who have been studying this phenomenon for years, are still uncertain about its cause. 7．Tom's colleagues were deeply appreciative of his help, without whose support they would not have succeeded. 8．As you could imagine, if the first aid had been given in time, the injured would have been saved. 9．(2021·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel (旅社). 10．(2021·天津卷3月)My editor Toni, who is also a writer, has edited several history books. Ⅱ.用非限制性定语从句升级下列句子 1．I have a good command of oral English and it enables me to hold the position. →I have a good command of oral English, which enables me to hold the position. 2．Traditional Chinese culture is paid attention to very much. Its history has lasted five thousand years. →Traditional Chinese culture whose history has lasted five thousand years is paid attention to very much. 3．You can also try to find an online English community. In the community, you can share your own ideas, thoughts and beliefs in English. →You can also try to find an online English community, where you can share your own ideas, thoughts and beliefs in English. 4．Mr. Smith is a famous scientist. I have learned a lot from him. →Mr. Smith, from whom I have learned a lot, is a famous scientist. 5．John invited about 40 people to his wedding. Most of them are family members. →John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of whom are family members. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $