Unit 3 What makes a great team 情态动词（1） (语法讲解+分层精练）-2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级下册

Unit 3 What makes a great team? 情态动词（1） （语法讲解+分层精练） 目 录 一、语法讲解 1 （一）情态动词核心功能与态度表达 1 （二）must, can, need 的一般疑问句及回答 2 二、中考题型专项练习 (30题) 3 （一）单项选择 (15题) 3 （二）句型转换 (10题) 4 （三）语法填空 (5题) 5 一、语法讲解 （一）情态动词核心功能与态度表达 情态动词用于表达说话人对行为或事物的态度、看法、语气。后接动词原形，无人称和数变化。 情态动词 核心态度 用法说明 例句 must 命令、必要（主观） 表示说话人认为“必须”，语气最强。否定式 must not (mustn't) 表“禁止”。 You must follow the rules. (你必须遵守规则。) You mustn't smoke here. (禁止吸烟。) have to 必要（客观） 因外部规则、情况而“不得不”。否定式 don't have to 表“不必”。 I have to wear glasses. (我不得不戴眼镜。) You don't have to come early. (你不必早来。) should ought to 建议、责任 表示“应该”，给出建议或指出责任。should 更常用。 You should apologize. (你应该道歉。) We ought to protect the environment. (我们应当保护环境。) had better 强烈建议（含警告） 表示“最好”，语气较强，常含如果不做会有负面后果的意味。否定式 had better not。 You had better take an umbrella. (你最好带伞。) You had better not be late. (你最好不要迟到。 can could 1. 能力 2. 许可（请求/允许） 3. 可能（推测） can 表现在能力；could 表过去能力或更礼貌的请求。表许可时 can 口语化，could 更礼貌。 I can swim. (我能游泳。) Could I use your phone? (我能用下电话吗？) It could be true. (这可能是真的。) need 需要 作情态动词：多用于否定句和疑问句，后接动词原形。 作实义动词：用于各种句式，后接 to do。 You needn't hurry. (你不必着急。) - (情态动词) Do you need to go? (你需要去吗？) - (实义动词) （二）must, can, need 的一般疑问句及回答 情态动词 一般疑问句构成 肯定回答 否定回答 关键点 must Must + 主语 + 动词原形...? Yes, 主语 + must. No, 主语 + needn't. (或 don't have to) Must I...? 否定回答不能用mustn't。mustn't 意为“禁止”，不表示“不必”。 can Can + 主语 + 动词原形...? Yes, 主语 + can. No, 主语 + can't. 询问能力或许可。could 问句可用 can 回答。 need(作情态动词) Need + 主语 + 动词原形...? Yes, 主语 + must. (少见，通常用实义动词need回答) No, 主语 + needn't. 情态动词 need 多用于否定句和疑问句。肯定回答习惯用 must 或实义动词 need to do。 易错辨析示例： Must I finish it today? (我今天必须完成吗？) ✅ Yes, you must. (是的，必须。) ✅ No, you needn't. / No, you don't have to. (不，不必。) ❌ No, you mustn't. (错误，意为“不，你禁止完成。”，逻辑不通) 二、中考题型专项练习 (30题) （一）单项选择 (15题) 1. —______ I return the book this week? — No, you ______. You can keep it for another week. A. Must; mustn't B. Can; needn't C. Must; needn't D. Need; mustn't 2. —Can you drive me to the airport tomorrow? — I ______. I have an important meeting then. A. couldn't B. mustn't C. can't D. needn't 3. You ______ be tired after the long journey. Have a good rest. A. must B. can C. should D. need 4. The weather report says it will rain. You ______ take an umbrella with you. A. would better B. had better C. would rather D. had rather 5. —Need I hand in my homework now? — Yes, you ______. / No, you ______. A. need; needn't B. must; needn't C. need; mustn't D. must; mustn't 6. It's almost midnight. You ______ go to bed now, or you'll be sleepy tomorrow. A. have to B. would C. ought to D. need 7. According to the library rule, you ______ talk loudly inside. A. may not B. mustn't C. needn't D. couldn't 8. —Could I borrow your camera? — Yes, of course you ______. A. could B. will C. can D. might 9. You ______ eat the soup if you don't like it. It's up to you. A. shouldn't B. mustn't C. don't have to D. can't 10. Look at the dark clouds. There ______ be a heavy rain soon. A. should B. could C. would D. might 11. You look pale. You ______ go and see a doctor. A. had better B. will C. would D. have better 12. —May I park my car here for a while? — No, you ______. Look at the sign "No Parking". A. won't B. needn't C. mustn't D. wouldn't 13. To improve your English, you ______ practice speaking every day. A. may B. should C. need D. would 14. The light is on. He ______ be in his office. Let's go and check. A. shall B. will C. must D. need 15. —Must we do the cleaning today? — Yes, I'm afraid you ______. The inspection is tomorrow. A. must B. need C. can D. will （二）句型转换 (10题) 根据括号内要求完成句子，每空一词。 1. It's necessary for you to be quiet in the hospital. (改为同义句) You ______ ______ quiet in the hospital. 2. It's a good idea for him to get up early. (用 should 改写) He ______ ______ up early. 3. Don't forget to lock the door when you leave. (用 had better 改写) You ______ ______ ______ to lock the door when you leave. 4. It isn't necessary for us to book the tickets in advance. (改为同义句) We ______ ______ ______ book the tickets in advance. 5. Perhaps she is at the library now. (用 might 表示推测) She ______ ______ at the library now. 6. I advise you not to spend too much time on video games. (用 had better 改写) You ______ ______ ______ too much time on video games. 7. Are you allowed to use the computer after school? (用 can 改写) ______ ______ use the computer after school? 8. It's against the rules to feed the animals here. (用 mustn't 改写) You ______ ______ the animals here. 9. Maybe he will change his mind later. (用 may 改写) He ______ ______ his mind later. 10. Is it necessary for me to attend the meeting? (用 need 作情态动词开头) ______ ______ attend the meeting? （三）语法填空 (5题) 用适当的情态动词或其否定形式填空。 1. —Must I finish all the exercises today? — No, you ______. You can do some tomorrow. 2. You ______ play with fire. It's very dangerous. 3. —Need we wait for him any longer? — No, we ______. He just called and said he couldn't come. 4. It's getting cold. You ______ put on more clothes. 5. —Can this be true? — It ______ be, but I'm not sure. 答案与解析 （一）单项选择 1. C Must I...? 的否定回答用 No, you needn't. 2. C 表示“不能”（无能力），用 can't。 3. A 根据“长途旅行后”这一事实进行肯定推测，“一定”累了。 4. B had better (do) 表示“最好做某事”，给予建议。 5. B Need I...? 作情态动词提问时，肯定回答用 must，否定用 needn't。 6. C ought to 表示基于常理的建议，“应该”去睡了。 7. B 图书馆规则“禁止”大声说话，用 mustn't。 8. C Could I...? 表示礼貌请求，肯定回答用 can，表示许可。 9. C don't have to 表示“不必”，没有强制性。 10. D 根据乌云推测“可能”下雨，might 表示可能性较小。 11. A 脸色不好，给出强烈建议，“最好”看医生。 12. C 根据“禁止停车”标志，表示“不准、禁止”，用 mustn't。 13. B 提出建议，“应该”每天练习。 14. C 根据“灯亮着”进行肯定推测，“一定”在办公室。 15. A Must we...? 在上下文明确要求“必须”时，肯定回答仍用 must。 （二）句型转换 1. must be / have to be； necessary 对应 must/have to。 2. should get； a good idea 对应建议，用 should。 3. had better not forget；Don't forget 的警告建议语气对应 had better not do。 4. don't have to / needn't；isn't necessary 对应 don't have to 或 needn't。 5. might be；Perhaps 表推测，可用 might。 6. had better not spend；advise...not to 对应 had better not do。 7. Can you；Are you allowed to 询问许可，口语常用 Can you...?。 8. mustn't feed；against the rules (违反规定) 对应 must not (mustn't)。 9. may change；Maybe 表可能，用 may。 10. Need I；Is it necessary for me to... 可转换为情态动词 Need I...?。 （三）语法填空 1. needn't；Must I...? 的否定回答。 2. mustn't；玩火是“禁止”的，非常危险。 3. needn't；Need we...? 的否定回答。 4. should / had better；天冷给出建议，“应该”或“最好”多穿。 5. could / might / may；表示不确定的可能性，“可能是”。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 What makes a great team? 情态动词（1） （语法讲解+分层精练） 目 录 一、语法讲解 1 （一）情态动词核心功能与态度表达 1 （二）must, can, need 的一般疑问句及回答 2 二、中考题型专项练习 (30题) 3 （一）单项选择 (15题) 3 （二）句型转换 (10题) 4 （三）语法填空 (5题) 5 一、语法讲解 （一）情态动词核心功能与态度表达 情态动词用于表达说话人对行为或事物的态度、看法、语气。后接动词原形，无人称和数变化。 情态动词 核心态度 用法说明 例句 must 命令、必要（主观） 表示说话人认为“必须”，语气最强。否定式 must not (mustn't) 表“禁止”。 You must follow the rules. (你必须遵守规则。) You mustn't smoke here. (禁止吸烟。) have to 必要（客观） 因外部规则、情况而“不得不”。否定式 don't have to 表“不必”。 I have to wear glasses. (我不得不戴眼镜。) You don't have to come early. (你不必早来。) should ought to 建议、责任 表示“应该”，给出建议或指出责任。should 更常用。 You should apologize. (你应该道歉。) We ought to protect the environment. (我们应当保护环境。) had better 强烈建议（含警告） 表示“最好”，语气较强，常含如果不做会有负面后果的意味。否定式 had better not。 You had better take an umbrella. (你最好带伞。) You had better not be late. (你最好不要迟到。 can could 1. 能力 2. 许可（请求/允许） 3. 可能（推测） can 表现在能力；could 表过去能力或更礼貌的请求。表许可时 can 口语化，could 更礼貌。 I can swim. (我能游泳。) Could I use your phone? (我能用下电话吗？) It could be true. (这可能是真的。) need 需要 作情态动词：多用于否定句和疑问句，后接动词原形。 作实义动词：用于各种句式，后接 to do。 You needn't hurry. (你不必着急。) - (情态动词) Do you need to go? (你需要去吗？) - (实义动词) （二）must, can, need 的一般疑问句及回答 情态动词 一般疑问句构成 肯定回答 否定回答 关键点 must Must + 主语 + 动词原形...? Yes, 主语 + must. No, 主语 + needn't. (或 don't have to) Must I...? 否定回答不能用mustn't。mustn't 意为“禁止”，不表示“不必”。 can Can + 主语 + 动词原形...? Yes, 主语 + can. No, 主语 + can't. 询问能力或许可。could 问句可用 can 回答。 need(作情态动词) Need + 主语 + 动词原形...? Yes, 主语 + must. (少见，通常用实义动词need回答) No, 主语 + needn't. 情态动词 need 多用于否定句和疑问句。肯定回答习惯用 must 或实义动词 need to do。 易错辨析示例： Must I finish it today? (我今天必须完成吗？) ✅ Yes, you must. (是的，必须。) ✅ No, you needn't. / No, you don't have to. (不，不必。) ❌ No, you mustn't. (错误，意为“不，你禁止完成。”，逻辑不通) 二、中考题型专项练习 (30题) （一）单项选择 (15题) 1. —______ I return the book this week? — No, you ______. You can keep it for another week. A. Must; mustn't B. Can; needn't C. Must; needn't D. Need; mustn't 2. —Can you drive me to the airport tomorrow? — I ______. I have an important meeting then. A. couldn't B. mustn't C. can't D. needn't 3. You ______ be tired after the long journey. Have a good rest. A. must B. can C. should D. need 4. The weather report says it will rain. You ______ take an umbrella with you. A. would better B. had better C. would rather D. had rather 5. —Need I hand in my homework now? — Yes, you ______. / No, you ______. A. need; needn't B. must; needn't C. need; mustn't D. must; mustn't 6. It's almost midnight. You ______ go to bed now, or you'll be sleepy tomorrow. A. have to B. would C. ought to D. need 7. According to the library rule, you ______ talk loudly inside. A. may not B. mustn't C. needn't D. couldn't 8. —Could I borrow your camera? — Yes, of course you ______. A. could B. will C. can D. might 9. You ______ eat the soup if you don't like it. It's up to you. A. shouldn't B. mustn't C. don't have to D. can't 10. Look at the dark clouds. There ______ be a heavy rain soon. A. should B. could C. would D. might 11. You look pale. You ______ go and see a doctor. A. had better B. will C. would D. have better 12. —May I park my car here for a while? — No, you ______. Look at the sign "No Parking". A. won't B. needn't C. mustn't D. wouldn't 13. To improve your English, you ______ practice speaking every day. A. may B. should C. need D. would 14. The light is on. He ______ be in his office. Let's go and check. A. shall B. will C. must D. need 15. —Must we do the cleaning today? — Yes, I'm afraid you ______. The inspection is tomorrow. A. must B. need C. can D. will （二）句型转换 (10题) 根据括号内要求完成句子，每空一词。 1. It's necessary for you to be quiet in the hospital. (改为同义句) You ______ ______ quiet in the hospital. 2. It's a good idea for him to get up early. (用 should 改写) He ______ ______ up early. 3. Don't forget to lock the door when you leave. (用 had better 改写) You ______ ______ ______ to lock the door when you leave. 4. It isn't necessary for us to book the tickets in advance. (改为同义句) We ______ ______ ______ book the tickets in advance. 5. Perhaps she is at the library now. (用 might 表示推测) She ______ ______ at the library now. 6. I advise you not to spend too much time on video games. (用 had better 改写) You ______ ______ ______ too much time on video games. 7. Are you allowed to use the computer after school? (用 can 改写) ______ ______ use the computer after school? 8. It's against the rules to feed the animals here. (用 mustn't 改写) You ______ ______ the animals here. 9. Maybe he will change his mind later. (用 may 改写) He ______ ______ his mind later. 10. Is it necessary for me to attend the meeting? (用 need 作情态动词开头) ______ ______ attend the meeting? （三）语法填空 (5题) 用适当的情态动词或其否定形式填空。 1. —Must I finish all the exercises today? — No, you ______. You can do some tomorrow. 2. You ______ play with fire. It's very dangerous. 3. —Need we wait for him any longer? — No, we ______. He just called and said he couldn't come. 4. It's getting cold. You ______ put on more clothes. 5. —Can this be true? — It ______ be, but I'm not sure. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $