Module 2（易错题专项练习·语法提升）英语外研版五年级下册

Module 2 专题02 语法提升·易错题专项训练 高频易错点04 将来时（be going to 结构） 高频易错点03 现在进行时“be + v.-ing” 高频易错点02 一般过去时一般疑问句（Did 引导）的用法 高频易错点01 一般过去时 —— 不规则动词过去式的用法 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨 易错精讲 一般过去时 —— 不规则动词过去式的用法高频易错点01 概念：表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，需使用动词过去式，本模块核心为不规则变化动词。 核心不规则动词变化： learn → learnt（学习）teach → taught（教，讲授）write → wrote（写） study → studied（学习）is/am → was（是）are → were（是） dance → danced（跳舞）walk → walked（走路） 例句： She learnt English many years ago.（不规则变化） Mr Li taught Chinese twenty years ago.（不规则变化） They danced in lots of cities then.（规则变化） 易错点提示 1.不规则动词过去式需单独记忆，不可直接加 -ed（如 teach→ taught，而非 teach ed）。 2.句中出现过去时间标志（twenty years ago、five years ago、yesterday）时，必须用过去式。 3.并列动作需保持时态一致（如 She danced and sang. 而非 danced and sing）。 小练笔 单项选择 ( ) 1. My grandma ______ English many years ago. A. learn B. learnt C. learns ( )2. Mr Li ______ Chinese in a school twenty years ago. A. teach B. teaches C. taught ( )3. She ______ a book about her life last year. A. write B. wrote C. writes ( )4. Chen Hai ______ very hard when he was a pupil. A. study B. studies C. studied ( )5. They ______ not dancers then. They were singers. A. was B. were C. are 用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1.He ______ (learn) Maths and Science five years ago. 2.She ______ (teach) us English last term. 3.My father ______ (write) a letter to my uncle yesterday. 4.They ______ (study) Art when they were in primary school. 5.She ______ (dance) in lots of Chinese cities then. 点拨 选择题答案及解析 1.B 解析：many years ago 是过去时间，learn 的过去式为 learnt，故选 B。 2.C 解析：twenty years ago 是过去时间，teach 的过去式为 taught，故选 C。 3.B 解析：last year 是过去时间，write 的过去式为 wrote，故选 B。 4.C 解析：when he was a pupil 提示过去时间，study 的过去式为 studied，故选 C。 5.B 解析：then 是过去时间，主语 they 是复数，be 动词用 were，故选 B。 填空题答案及解析 1.learnt 解析：five years ago 是过去时间，learn 的过去式为 learnt。 2.taught 解析：last term 是过去时间，teach 的过去式为 taught。 3.wrote 解析：yesterday 是过去时间，write 的过去式为 wrote。 4.studied 解析：when they were in primary school 提示过去时间，study 的过去式为 studied。 5.danced 解析：then 是过去时间，dance 的过去式为规则变化 danced。 一般过去时一般疑问句（Did 引导）的用法高频易错点02 概念：用于询问过去是否发生过某事，核心句型由 Did 引导，后接动词原形。 句型结构： 疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + did. 否定回答：No, 主语 + didn’t. 例句： —Did she learn any foreign languages? —Yes, she did. —Did he walk to school yesterday? —No, he didn’t. 易错点提示 1.Did 后必须接动词原形，不可接过去式（如 Did she learn...，而非 Did she learnt...）。 2.回答时需用相应人称代词，且助动词用 did/didn’t，不可用 was/were。 3.疑问句中 “some” 需改为 “any”（如 Did she learn any foreign languages?）。 小练笔 单项选择 ( ) 1. ______ she learn English when she was young? A. Do B. Did C. Does ( ) 2. —Did he walk to school yesterday? —______. A. Yes, he do B. No, he didn’t C. Yes, he was ( ) 3. ______ they study hard at school then? A. Did B. Were C. Are ( ) 4. —Did your grandpa teach Chinese? —No, he ______. A. didn’t B. wasn’t C. doesn’t ( ) 5. Did she ______ to dance in lots of cities? A. danced B. dances C. dance 按要求改写句子（改为一般疑问句并回答） 1.She learnt foreign languages. → ______ she ______ foreign languages? → Yes, ______ ______. 2.They studied Maths and Art. → ______ they ______ Maths and Art? → No, ______ ______. 3.He taught Chinese in a school. → ______ he ______ Chinese in a school? → Yes, ______ ______. 点拨 选择题答案及解析 1. B 解析：when she was young 提示过去时间，用 Did 引导疑问句，故选 B。 2. B 解析：Did 引导的疑问句，否定回答用 No, 主语 + didn’t，故选 B。 3. A 解析：then 提示过去时间，实义动词 study 需用 Did 引导疑问句，故选 A。 4. A 解析：Did 引导的疑问句，否定回答用 didn’t，故选 A。 5. C 解析：Did 后接动词原形，dance 用原形，故选 C。 改写句子答案及解析 1. Did；learn；she did 解析：过去时疑问句用 Did 引导，learn 用原形；肯定回答用 she did。 2. Did；study；they didn’t 解析：Did 引导疑问句，study 用原形；否定回答用 they didn’t。 3. Did；teach；he did 解析：Did 引导疑问句，teach 用原形；肯定回答用 he did。 现在进行时“be + v.-ing”高频易错点03 概念：表示当前正在发生的动作或现阶段正在进行的动作，核心结构为 “be + v.-ing”。 核心结构： 肯定句：主语 + am/is/are + 动词 - ing + 其他 否定句：主语 + am/is/are + not + 动词 - ing + 其他 疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 动词 - ing + 其他？ 例句： She is learning English now.（当前正在做） They are studying for the exam these days.（现阶段进行） 易错点提示 1. be 动词与主语单复数搭配错误：I 用 am，you 用 are，he/she/it 用 is，复数主语用 are。 2. 动词 - ing 形式变形错误： 3. 重读闭音节结尾（辅 + 元 + 辅）需双写尾字母加 - ing； 4. 以不发音 e 结尾需去 e 加 - in； 5. 普通动词直接加 - ing。 6. 时态标志词误用：现在进行时需搭配 now、look、listen、these days 等标志词，不可与过去时间标志（yesterday、last week）或将来时间标志（tomorrow、next month）搭配。 7. 混淆 “正在进行” 与 “一般状态”：表示习惯性、经常性的动作需用一般现在时，不可用现在进行时。 小练笔 单项选择。 ( ) 1. Look! They ______ basketball on the playground. A. play B. are playing C. plays ( ) 2. She ______ not ______ English now. She is reading a book. A. is；learn B. are；learning C. is；learning ( ) 3. —______ your father ______ to work now? —No, he isn’t. A. Is；driving B. Does；drive C. Are；driving ( ) 4. My sister ______ a dance class these days. A. takes B. is taking C. took ( ) 5. Don’t make noise! The baby ______. A. sleeps B. is sleeping C. slept 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 1. Listen! Someone ______ (sing) in the next room. 2. I ______ (not watch) TV now. I ______ (do) my homework. 3. He ______ (run) fast. Look! He ______ (win) the race. 4. They ______ (not study) Maths today. They ______ (learn) English. 5. What ______ you ______ (do) at this moment? 点拨 选择题答案及解析 1. B 解析：Look 是现在进行时标志词，主语 they 用 are + playing，故选 B。 2. C 解析：now 提示现在进行时，主语 she 用 is + not + learning，故选 C。 3. A 解析：now 提示现在进行时，主语 your father 用 Is + driving，故选 A。 4. B 解析：these days 提示现阶段进行，用 is taking，故选 B。 5. B 解析：Don’t make noise 暗示动作正在发生，用 is sleeping，故选 B。 填空题答案及解析 1. is singing 解析：Listen 是现在进行时标志，用 is singing。 2. am not watching；am doing 解析：now 提示现在进行时，I 用 am + 动词 - ing。 3. runs；is winning 解析：第一句表习惯性动作（一般现在时）用 runs；第二句 Look 提示正在进行，用 is winning。 4. aren't studying；are learning 解析：today 表现阶段，用现在进行时，复数主语用 are + 动词 - ing。 5. are；doing 解析：at this moment 提示现在进行时，疑问句用 are + 主语 + doing。 将来时（be going to 结构）高频易错点04 概念：表示计划、打算要做的事或根据迹象推测即将发生的事，核心结构为 “be going to + 动词原形”。 核心结构： 1. 肯定句：主语 + am/is/are + going to + 动词原形 + 其他 2. 否定句：主语 + am/is/are + not + going to + 动词原形 + 其他 3. 疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他？ 例句： She is going to learn English next term.（计划做某事） It is going to rain.（根据迹象推测） 易错点提示 1.be 动词与主语搭配错误：I 用 am，you 用 are，he/she/it 用 is，复数主语用 are。 2.遗漏 “to” 或误用动词形式：be going to 后必须接动词原形，不可接 - ing 形式或过去式。 3.时态标志词误用：be going to 需搭配 tomorrow、next week、tonight、soon 等将来时间标志，不可与过去时间标志（yesterday、last year）搭配。 4.混淆 “be going to” 与 “will”：两者均表将来，但 be going to 侧重 “计划、准备好的事”，will 侧重 “临时决定、预测”，不可随意替换。 5.与现在进行时混淆：现在进行时表 “正在做”，be going to 表 “将要做”。 小练笔 单项选择 ( ) 1. They ______ going to visit their grandparents next weekend. A. am B. is C. are ( ) 2. —______ you going to learn to dance? —Yes, I am. A. Do B. Are C. Will ( ) 3. She ______ not going to watch TV tonight. She has a lot of homework. A. is B. are C. does ( ) 4. It is cloudy. It ______ going to rain this afternoon. A. is B. are C. will ( ) 5. He ______ going to ______ a picnic with his friends. A. is；have B. are；have C. is；has 用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1.I ______ (be going to) visit my uncle tomorrow. 2.They ______ (not be going to) play football. They ______ (be going to) play basketball. 3.______ she ______ (be going to) sing at the party? 4.My mother ______ (be going to) cook Chinese food tonight. 5.What ______ you ______ (be going to) do next Sunday? 点拨 选择题答案及解析 1.C 解析：主语 they 是复数，be going to 结构中用 are，故选 C。 2.B 解析：be going to 结构的疑问句用 Are 引导，故选 B。 3.A 解析：主语 she 是单数，be going to 结构的否定式用 is not，故选 A。 4.A 解析：根据迹象推测将来，主语 it 用 is going to，故选 A。 5.A 解析：主语 he 是单数用 is going to，后接动词原形 have，故选 A。 填空题答案及解析 1.am going to 解析：主语 I 用 am going to，tomorrow 是将来标志。 2.aren’t going to；are going to 解析：主语 they 是复数，否定式用 aren’t going to，肯定式用 are going to。 3.Is；going to 解析：主语 she 是单数，疑问句用 Is + going to + 动词原形。 4.is going to 解析：主语 my mother 是单数，tonight 是将来标志，用 is going to。 5.are；going to 解析：主语 you 用 are going to，next Sunday 是将来标志。 综合训练 一、选出不同类的单词。 ( ) 1. A. learnt B. taught C. learn ( ) 2. A. dancer B. teacher C. dance ( ) 3. A. foreign B. study C. teach ( ) 4. A. yesterday B. now C. then ( ) 5. A. Maths B. English C. language 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空。 1.She ______ (write) a book about dancing last year. 2.Now he ______ (be) learning English with Chen Hai. 3.Did they ______ (study) hard at school when they were young? 4.Twenty years ago, my mother ______ (be) a dancer. She ______ (dance) very well. 5.He ______ (not walk) to school now. He ______ (go) by school bus. 三、按要求完成句子。 1. He taught Chinese in a class.（改为否定句） → He ______ ______ Chinese in a class. 2.She is learning English now.（对划线部分提问） → ______ is she ______ now? 3.They walked to school five years ago.（改为一般疑问句） → ______ they ______ to school five years ago? 4.My grandma was a dancer.（对划线部分提问） → ______ ______ your grandma ______? 四、阅读理解（判断正 T / 误 F）。 Twenty years ago, Mrs Wang was a dancer. She danced in lots of Chinese cities. She learnt English because she wanted to talk with foreign people. Her husband was a teacher. He taught Maths in a primary school. Their son, Tom, was a good pupil. He studied very hard. Now Mrs Wang doesn’t dance. She is learning painting. Her husband is retired. He is learning English with Tom. Tom is an English teacher now. He teaches English in a middle school. ( ) 1. Mrs Wang was a dancer twenty years ago. ( ) 2. She learnt English to talk with her son. ( ) 3. Tom’s father taught Chinese. ( ) 4. Now Mrs Wang is learning English. ( ) 5. Tom is an English teacher now. 参考答案 一、选出不同类的单词答案及解析 1. C 解析：learnt、taught 是过去式，learn 是原形，故选 C。 2. C 解析：dancer、teacher 是职业名词，dance 是动词，故选 C。 3. A 解析：foreign 是形容词，study、teach 是动词，故选 A。 4. B 解析：yesterday、then 表示过去，now 表示现在，故选 B。 5. C 解析：Maths、English 是具体学科，language 是语言总称，故选 C。 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空答案及解析 1. wrote 解析：last year 是过去时间，write 的过去式为 wrote。 2. is 解析：now 提示现在进行时，主语 he 用 is。 3. study 解析：Did 后接动词原形，study 用原形。 4. was；danced 解析：twenty years ago 是过去时间，be 动词用 was，dance 的过去式为 danced。 5. isn’t walking；goes 解析：now 提示现在进行时否定式 isn’t walking；后半句表常态用一般现在时 goes。 三、按要求完成句子答案及解析 1. didn’t teach 解析：一般过去时否定句，加 didn’t，taught 变回原形 teach。 2. What；doing 解析：对动作提问用 What，现在进行时用 doing。 3. Did；walk 解析：过去时疑问句用 Did 引导，walk 用原形。 4. What did；do 解析：对职业提问用 What did sb. do? 句型。 四、阅读理解答案及解析 1. T 解析：文中提到 “Twenty years ago, Mrs Wang was a dancer.”，故正确。 2. F 解析：文中提到 “she wanted to talk with foreign people”，而非儿子，故错误。 3. F 解析：文中提到 “He taught Maths”，而非语文，故错误。 4. F 解析：文中提到 “She is learning painting”，而非英语，故错误。 5. T 解析：文中提到 “Tom is an English teacher now”，故正确。 第 1 页 共 14 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $