内容正文:
Module 2
专题01 基础知识·易错题专项训练
1. learnt/studied/taught 2. dancer/dance
3. foreign/foreigner 4. learn to do sth./learn sth./study sth.
5. 以 -er 结尾的职业名词 6. 字母组合 aw
7. 字母组合 air 8. 字母组合 ass
高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨
易错精讲
高频易错点01
易混单词:learnt/studied/taught
例句:
She learnt English.(P9)
Chen Hai studied very hard.(P11)
He taught Chinese twenty years ago.(P11)
词性与用法:
1. learnt 是 learn 的过去式,表 “学习、学会”,侧重技能、语言的初学或掌握(如 learn English/learn to dance);
2. studied 是 study 的过去式,表 “学习、钻研”,侧重深入学习学科、知识或刻苦用功(如 study Maths/study hard);
3. taught 是 teach 的过去式,表 “教、讲授”,主语为人,后接学科或 “sb.+ 学科”(如 teach Chinese/teach us English)。
易错点提示
避免混淆三者过去式写法(learn→ learnt 易误写为 learnned;teach →taught 易误写为 teacht),区分 “学习” 的不同侧重,不混用搭配(如不可说 “studied to dance”)。
小练笔
1. My sister ______ (学习) English when she was five years old.
2. He ______ (刻苦学习) Science at university.
3. Mr Zhang ______ (教) us Maths ten years ago, and now he ______ (教) History.
点拨
1. learnt(侧重 “学会语言”,用 learn 的过去式 learnt);
2. studied(侧重 “钻研学科”,用 study 的过去式 studied,搭配 hard 表 “刻苦”);
3. taught;teaches(第一空 ten years ago 用过去式 taught,第二空 now 用一般现在时,主语三单)。
高频易错点02
易混单词:dancer/dance
例句:
She was a dancer.(P9)
She danced in lots of Chinese cities.(P9)
词性与用法:
1. dancer 是名词,表 “舞蹈演员”,由动词 dance 加后缀 -er 构成,指从事舞蹈职业的人;
2. dance 可作动词(原形 dance,过去式 danced),表 “跳舞” 的动作;也可作名词(如 have a dance)。
易错点提示
避免将 dancer 误写为 danceer(漏删 e),区分 “职业名词” 与 “动作动词”(如不可说 “He is a dance.”,应为 “He is a dancer.”)。
小练笔:
1. Her aunt was a ______ (舞蹈演员) and she ______ (跳舞) very well when she was young.
2. My cousin wants to be a ______ (舞蹈演员), so she ______ (学习跳舞) every weekend.
3. They ______ (跳舞) in the park yesterday, and the ______ (舞蹈演员) next to them joined them.
点拨
1. dancer;danced(第一空表职业用名词,第二空 yesterday 用过去式);
2. dancer;learns to dance(第一空职业名词,第二空 “学习跳舞” 用 learn to do 结构,一般现在时主语三单);
3. danced;dancer(第一空过去式表动作,第二空 “舞蹈演员” 用名词)。
高频易错点03
易混单词:foreign/foreigner
例句:
Did she learn any foreign languages?(P9)
He is a foreigner from the UK.(拓展)
词性与用法:
1. foreign 是形容词,表 “外国的”,后接名词(如 foreign languages/foreign countries);
2. foreigner 是名词,表 “外国人”,由 foreign 加后缀 -er 构成,可数名词(复数 foreigners)。
易错点提示
避免混淆词性(如不可说 “foreign countries” 误写为 “foreigner countries”),注意 foreigner 的复数变化(直接加 s)。
小练笔:
1. They are learning ______ (外国的) languages at school.
2. My pen pal is a ______ (外国人),and he can speak Chinese.
3. There are many ______ (外国人) in Beijing, and they like ______ (外国的) food too.
点拨
1. foreign(修饰名词 languages,用形容词 foreign);
2. foreigner(表 “外国人”,可数名词单数,前有 a 修饰);
3. foreigners;foreign(第一空 many 后接复数 foreigners,第二空修饰名词 food 用形容词 foreign)。
高频易错点04
易混短语:learn to do sth./learn sth./study sth.
例句:
She learnt to dance.(P8)
She learnt English.(P9)
He studied Maths and Science.(P11)
搭配规则:
1. learn to do sth. 后接 “to + 动词原形”,表 “学会做某事”(如 learn to cook/learn to walk);
2. learn sth. 后接名词(语言、知识等),表 “学习某物”(如 learn foreign languages/learn rules);
3. study sth. 后接名词(学科、课题等),表 “钻研、学习某物”(如 study Chinese/study a book)。
易错点提示
避免遗漏 learn to do sth. 中的 to(误写为 learn do sth.),区分 learn 与 study 的搭配差异(如 “学习英语” 用 learn English,不用 study English)。
小练笔:
1. My brother ______ (学会游泳) last summer holiday.
2. We need to ______ (学习外语) well at school.
3. She ______ (钻研历史) for three years when she was in university.
点
点拨
1. learnt to swim(“学会游泳” 是技能,用 learn to do sth. 结构,过去式 learnt);
2. learn foreign languages(“学习外语” 是具体内容,用 learn sth.,need to 后接原形);
3. studied history(“钻研历史” 是课题,用 study sth.,过去式 studied)。
高频易错点05
易混单词:以 -er 结尾的职业名词(driver/dancer/teacher/writer/singer/worker)
例句:
He was a driver.(P9)
She was a dancer.(P9)
Mr Li was a teacher.(P11)
She wrote a book.(P8)→ She is a writer.(拓展)
词性与构成:
1. 均为可数名词,表 “从事某职业的人”,由对应的动词加后缀 -er 构成;
2. 常见对应关系:drive(驾驶)→ driver(司机)、dance(跳舞)→ dancer(舞蹈演员)、teach(教)→ teacher(老师)、write(写)→ writer(作家)、sing(唱歌)→ singer(歌手)、work(工作)→ worker(工人)、read(阅读)→ reader(读者)。
易错点提示
1. 部分动词变职业名词需先删 e 再加 -er(如 dance→ dancer、write→ writer,避免误写为 danceer、writeer);
2. 避免混淆动词与职业名词(如不可说 “He is a drive.”,应为 “He is a driver.”);
3. 复数变化:直接加 s(如 drivers、dancers、teachers)。
小练笔:
1. My father is a ______ (司机),and he ______ (驾驶) a bus every day.
2. She likes singing very much, so she wants to be a ______ (歌手) when she grows up.
3. The woman ______ (写) many interesting books,she is a famous ______ (作家).
4. Those ______ (工人) ______ (工作) very hard in the factory.
点拨
1. driver;drives(第一空表职业用 driver,第二空一般现在时主语三单,用 drive 的三单形式 drives);
2. singer(“歌手” 对应动词 sing,加 -er 构成 singer);
3. writes;writer(第一空一般现在时主语三单,用 write 的三单 writes;第二空 “作家” 用 writer);
4. workers;work(第一空 many 后接复数 workers,第二空一般现在时主语复数,用 work 原形)。
高频易错点06
语音易错点:字母组合 aw
例句:
draw (drɔː) saw (sɔː)(P12)
发音规则:
字母组合 aw 通常发 /ɔː/ 音,发音时口型张大,舌尖后缩,声带振动,注意发音时长,不可读成短音 /ɒ/。
易错点提示
避免将 draw 误读为 /drəʊ/、saw 误读为 /sæ/,注意与其他字母组合发音区分(如 ow 有时发 /aʊ/)。
小练笔:
判断下列单词发音是否相同,相同写 T,不同写 F。
1. draw / saw ______
2. law / paw ______
3. now / raw ______
点拨
1. T(均发 /ɔː/ 音);
2. T(law 发 /lɔː/,paw 发 /pɔː/);
3. F(now 发 /naʊ/,raw 发 /rɔː/)。
高频易错点07
语音易错点:字母组合 air
例句:
chair (tʃeə) hair (heə)(P12)
发音规则:
字母组合 air 通常发 /eə/ 音,发音时由 /e/ 向 /ə/ 滑动,口型由半开变为半闭,声带振动。
易错点提示
避免将 chair 误读为 /tʃɑː/、hair 误读为 /hɑː/,注意滑动音的连贯性,不可拆分发音。
小练笔:
写出下列单词的音标。
1. pair /p______/
2. fair /f______/
3. stair /st______/
点拨
1. /peə/(air 发 /eə/ 音);
2. /feə/(air 发 /eə/ 音);
3. /steə/(air 发 /eə/ 音)。
高频易错点08
语音易错点:字母组合 ass
例句:
class (klɑːs) pass (pɑːs)(P12)
发音规则:
字母组合 ass 中,a 发 /ɑː/ 音,ss 发 /s/ 音,发音时 a 音饱满,ss 音清辅音,舌尖靠近上齿龈送气。
易错点提示
避免将 class 误读为 /klæs/、pass 误读为 /pæs/,注意 a 发长音 /ɑː/,不可读成短音 /æ/,ss 不可漏读或读成 /z/。
小练笔:
1. 选出发音不同的一项:( )
A. glass B. grass C. cat
2. 写出下列单词音标:mass /m______s/
3. 判断发音是否相同:class /pass ______
点拨
1. C(A、B 中 a 发 /ɑː/,C 中 a 发 /æ/);
2. /mɑːs/(ass 中 a 发 /ɑː/,ss 发 /s/);
3. T(均发 /ɑːs/ 音)。
综合训练
一、根据首字母提示填空。
1. My uncle was a d______ before,and he drove a car for 20 years.
2. She l______ to play the piano when she was a child,and now she is a good player.
3. The famous w______ wrote many stories for children.
4. They are learning f______ languages,like English and French.
5. Mr Wang t______ us Chinese last year,and we all liked him.
二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1. He ______ (study) hard at school when he was a pupil.
2. My sister wants to be a ______ (dance),so she ______ (dance) every day.
3. There are many ______ (worker) in the factory,and they ______ (work) very hard.
4. She ______ (teach) English in our school now,and she ______ (learn) Chinese ten years ago.
三、选择填空。
( ) 1. —What did your father do before? —He was a ______. He ______ a bus.
A. driver;drive B. driver;drove C. drive;drove
( ) 2. She ______ English when she was young,and now she ______ English to her students.
A. learnt;teaches B. studied;taught C. learnt;taught
( ) 3. My cousin likes writing,so she wants to be a ______ in the future.
A. write B. writer C. writers
( ) 4. —Did she ______ to cook? —Yes,she did. Now she cooks very well.
A. Learn B. learnt C. study
四、句型转换(按要求改写句子)。
1. He was a teacher ten years ago.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ he ______ ten years ago?
2. She learnt English when she was young.(改为一般疑问句)
______ she ______ English when she was young?
3. They study Maths very hard.(用 yesterday 改写句子)
They ______ Maths very hard ______.
五、判断下列单词发音是否相同,相同写 T,不同写 F。
1. chair / hair ______
2. draw / now ______
3. class / pass ______
4. saw / law ______
六、翻译下列句子。
1. 他以前是一名司机,现在是一名教师。
____________________________________________________________________
2. 她学会了跳舞,并且成为了一名著名的舞蹈演员。
____________________________________________________________________
3. 许多年前,李先生教语文,现在他正在学习英语。
____________________________________________________________________
参考解析
一、根据首字母提示填空
1. driver
解析:后文 “drove a car”(开车)对应职业 “司机”,以 “d” 开头的职业名词是 driver。
2. learnt
解析:“when she was a child”(小时候)是过去时间,“学习弹钢琴” 用 learn 的过去式 learnt,符合 “learn to do sth.” 结构。
3. writer
解析:“wrote many stories”(写故事)对应职业 “作家”,以 “w” 开头的职业名词是 writer(write 的职业形式)。
4. foreign
解析:“English and French”(英语、法语)属于 “外语”,固定搭配 “foreign languages”,以 “f” 开头的形容词是 foreign。
5. taught
解析:“last year”(去年)是过去时间,“教语文” 用 teach 的过去式 taught。
二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1. studied
解析:“when he was a pupil”(过去)用一般过去时,study 的过去式是 studied。
2. dancer;dances
解析:第一空 “想成为舞蹈演员” 用职业名词 dancer;第二空 “每天跳舞” 是一般现在时,主语 she 是三单,dance 变 dances。
3. workers;work
解析:第一空 “many” 后接可数名词复数 workers;第二空主语 they 是复数,一般现在时用 work 原形。
4. teaches;learnt
解析:第一空 “now”(现在)用一般现在时,主语 she 是三单,teach 变 teaches;第二空 “ten years ago”(过去)用 learn 的过去式 learnt。
三、选择填空
1. B
解析:第一空 “司机” 是职业名词 driver;第二空 “过去开车” 用 drive 的过去式 drove。
2. A
解析:第一空 “年轻时学英语” 用 learn 的过去式 learnt;第二空 “现在教英语” 用 teach 的三单形式 teaches。
3. B
解析:“想成为作家” 用 write 的职业名词 writer,空前有 “a”,用单数。
4. A
解析:Did 开头的一般疑问句后接动词原形,“学会做饭” 用 learn(符合 “learn to do sth.” 结构)。
四、句型转换
1. What did;do
解析:对职业提问用 “What”,一般过去时的疑问句需加助动词 did,动词 was 还原为 do。
2. Did;learn
解析:一般过去时变一般疑问句,加助动词 Did,实义动词 learnt 还原为 learn。
3. studied;yesterday
解析:“yesterday”(昨天)是过去时间,study 变过去式 studied,时间状语放句末。
五、判断单词发音
1. T
解析:chair 和 hair 中 “air” 均发 /eə/。
2. F
解析:draw 中 “aw” 发 /ɔː/,now 中 “ow” 发 /aʊ/。
3. T
解析:class 和 pass 中 “ass” 均发 /ɑːs/。
4. T
解析:saw 和 law 中 “aw” 均发 /ɔː/。
六、翻译下列句子
1. He was a driver before, and now he is a teacher.
解析:“以前” 用 before(对应过去时 was),“现在” 用 now(对应现在时 is)。
2. She learnt to dance and became a famous dancer.
解析:“学会跳舞” 用 “learnt to dance”,“舞蹈演员” 是 dancer。
3. Many years ago, Mr Li taught Chinese, and now he is learning English.
解析:“许多年前” 用 many years ago(对应过去时 taught),“现在正在学” 用现在进行时 is learning。
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