Unit 7 语法讲解及习题 定语从句（that、which引导） 2025-2026学年冀教英语八年级下册

冀教英语八下Unit7语法讲解及习题 定语从句（that/which引导） 一、语法详细讲解 本单元核心语法是由that/which引导的定语从句（Attributive Clauses），用来修饰前面的名词或代词，说明其性质、特征或范围。 （一）基本结构 先行词类型 定语从句结构 事物/人 先行词 + that/which + 陈述句语序 例： Money is something (that) we use to buy things.（钱是我们用来买东西的东西。） There are many things that are even more valuable than money.（有很多东西比金钱更有价值。） （二）核心用法 1. 连接词选择 先行词 可用连接词 示例 事物 that / which The book that/which I bought yesterday is interesting. 人 that / who The man that/who helped me is my teacher. 不定代词（something/nothing等） that There is something that I want to tell you. 2. 省略规则 当关系代词在从句中作宾语时，that/which可以省略： 例：The book (that/which) I bought yesterday is interesting. 当关系代词在从句中作主语时，that/which不能省略： 例：The book that/which is on the desk is mine. 3. 注意事项 定语从句必须紧跟在先行词之后，不能隔开。 从句的谓语动词需与先行词的单复数保持一致： 例：The things that are more valuable than money → 先行词things是复数，用are。 二、习题训练 （一）单项选择 1. Money is something ___________ we use to buy things. A. who B. that C. what 2. There are many things ___________ are even more valuable than money. A. that B. what C. who 3. The book ___________ I bought yesterday is interesting. A. that B. what C. who 4. The painting ___________ is about a mother and her baby is beautiful. A. who B. that C. what 5. The coin ___________ was made in the Qin Dynasty is old. A. that B. what C. who 6. The pen ___________ you want is on the desk. A. that B. what C. who 7. He is the man ___________ helped me carry the box. A. which B. that C. what 8. There is nothing ___________ can stop us from learning. A. that B. what C. who 9. The toy ___________ I got from my friend is lovely. A. that B. what C. who 10. The house ___________ is by the river is my grandparents'. A. that B. what C. who （二）用that/which填空 11. Money is something ___________ we use to buy things. 12. There are many things ___________ are even more valuable than money. 13. The book ___________ I bought yesterday is interesting. 14. The painting ___________ is about a mother and her baby is beautiful. 15. The coin ___________ was made in the Qin Dynasty is old. 16. The pen ___________ you want is on the desk. 17. The tool ___________ makes trade easier is money. 18. There are some things ___________ are more important than money. （三）合并句子 19. The book is interesting. I bought it yesterday. _____________________________________________________________________ 20. The painting is beautiful. It is about a mother and her baby. _____________________________________________________________________ 21. The coin is old. It was made in the Qin Dynasty. _____________________________________________________________________ 22. The pen is on the desk. You want it. _____________________________________________________________________ 23. The tool is special. It makes trade easier. _____________________________________________________________________ 24. The things are valuable. They are more important than money. _____________________________________________________________________ （四）判断句子正误并改正 25. Money is something what we use to buy things. _____________________________________________________________________ 26. There are many things who are even more valuable than money. _____________________________________________________________________ 27. The book I bought yesterday is interesting. _____________________________________________________________________ 28. The painting which is about a mother and her baby is beautiful. _____________________________________________________________________ 29. The coin that was made in the Qin Dynasty is old. _____________________________________________________________________ 30. The pen what you want is on the desk. _____________________________________________________________________ （五）完成短文 What is money? Money is a medium of exchange 31. ___________ makes trade easier. It's a special tool 32. ___________ has value. If you want to buy a toy, you give some money in exchange for the toy. We can use different forms of money, like coins, bills, or even digital money 33. ___________ is on our phones or computers. Money is important because it helps us buy things. But there are some things 34. ___________ are more important than money, such as health, family, and friends. I believe the happiness 35. ___________ we get from them is priceless. 三、答案及解析 （一）单项选择 1. B 解析：先行词是不定代词something，用that引导。 2. A 解析：先行词是things（事物），用that引导。 3. A 解析：先行词是book（事物），且关系代词在从句中作宾语，用that（可省略）。 4. B 解析：先行词是painting（事物），且关系代词在从句中作主语，用that。 5. A 解析：先行词是coin（事物），用that引导。 6. A 解析：先行词是pen（事物），且关系代词在从句中作宾语，用that（可省略）。 7. B 解析：先行词是man（人），用that引导。 8. A 解析：先行词是不定代词nothing，用that引导。 9. A 解析：先行词是toy（事物），用that引导。 10. A 解析：先行词是house（事物），用that引导。 （二）用that/which填空 11. that 12. that 13. that（可省略） 14. that 15. that 16. that（可省略） 17. that 18. that （三）合并句子 19. The book that I bought yesterday is interesting. 20. The painting that is about a mother and her baby is beautiful. 21. The coin that was made in the Qin Dynasty is old. 22. The pen that you want is on the desk. 23. The tool that makes trade easier is special. 24. The things that are more important than money are valuable. （四）判断正误并改正 25. 错误，改正：Money is something that we use to buy things. 26. 错误，改正：There are many things that are even more valuable than money. 27. 正确 28. 正确（which也可用于指事物） 29. 正确 30. 错误，改正：The pen that you want is on the desk. （五）完成短文 31. that 32. that 33. that 34. that 35. that（可省略） ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $