专题02 单项选择（动词词义辨析及动词短语）-【吉林省高职分类考试】五年（2021-2025）英语真题分类汇编（原卷版+解析版）

【吉林省高职分类考试】五年（2021-2025）英语真题分类汇编 专题02 单项选择（动词词义辨析及动词短语） 1.掌握考纲内的动词和动词短语，包括其中文意思和时态变换形式； 2.辨析相似的动词和动词短语的不同意思，并掌握其正确用法； 3.结合具体语境和关键词，用类比的方法推断词义。 2025年 1. What’s that? Can you ________ it in Chinese? A. speak B. talk C. say D. tell 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：那是什么？你能用中文说吗？A. speak讲话，说某种语言；B. talk交谈，谈话（强调双方的交流，talk with sb about sth）；C. say说具体内容（say sth ）；D. tell告诉（强调陈述事件，tell sb sth）。根据“it”可知，此处表示具体说的内容，应用say。故选C。 2. Would you like to ________ TV with me? A. watch B. see C. look D. read 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：你愿意和我一起看电视吗？A. watch观看（通常用于表示观看动态的内容，比如电视节目、电影、比赛等）；B. see看见（强调看到的内容）；C. look看（其后需搭配介词at）；D. read读（强调阅读文字内容）。根据“TV”可知，是观看电视节目，要用动词watch，“watch TV”是固定短语​​，表示“观看电视节目”。故选A。 3. The class is made ________ fifty students. A. from B. in C. of D. up of 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：这个班级由五十名学生组成。A. be made from由……制成，看不出原材料；B. be made in在某地制造；C. be made of由……制造，看得出原材料；D. be made up of由……成员组成。根据“fifty students”可知，此处表示“由五十名学生组成”。故选D。 4. You will soon ________ my gift, for it is on the way. A. accept B. hear C. receive D. gain 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你很快就会收到我的礼物，因为它已经在路上了。A. accept接受（强调主观接受）；B. hear听到；C. receive收到（强调客观收到）；D. gain获得。根据“for it is on the way”可知，礼物在运输中，你应该即将会“收到”，需用receive。故选C。 5. —Could you ________ me your pencil, Lily? —Of course. Here you are. A. keep B. borrow C. lend D. send 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：——莉莉，你能把你的铅笔借给我吗？——当然可以。给你。A. keep保留；B. borrow借来（借入）；C. lend借给（借出）；D. send发送。根据“Could you...me your pencil”及“Here you are.”可知，说话者请求Lily“借出”铅笔，应用lend。故选C。 6. The lemon tastes sour, and it doesn’t agree ________ me. A. in B. with C. to D. on 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：柠檬尝起来很酸，我吃不惯。A. agree in同意，在某方面一致；B. agree with+人（表示“适合某人（身体）”或“同意某人观点”）；C. agree to同意，赞成（接计划/提议）；D. agree on商定（双方达成一致）。根据“The lemon tastes sour”及“ agree ... me”可知，此处指食物不适合某人，应用agree with。故选B。 7. I am ________ an answer to my question now. A. hoping B. looking forward C. expecting D. wishing 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我现在正期待着我问题的答案。A. hoping希望（后不能直接跟名词作宾语，常与“for”搭配）；B. looking forward常与“to”搭配，期待；C. expecting期待（及物动词，可接名词作宾语）；D. wishing希望（后不能直接跟名词作宾语，常与“for”搭配）。根据“I am ... an answer to my question now.”可知，空后接名词作宾语，谓语应是及物动词，用expecting。故选C。 2024年 1. At weekends my mother always ________ me clean my own room. A. reminds B. requires C. warns D. makes 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：周末我妈妈总是让我打扫自己的房间。A. reminds提醒，用法是remind sb. to do；B. requires要求，用法是require sb. to do；C. warns警告，用法是warn sb. to do；D. makes使，用法是make sb. do。根据“... me clean my own room”可知，是让我打扫我自己的房间。故选D。 2. No books shall be ________ when you leave the reading-room. A. taken off B. taken away C. taken over D. taken down 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：当你离开阅览室时，任何书都不可以被带走。A. taken off起飞；B. taken away带走；C. taken over接管；D. taken down写下。根据句意可知，此处意为“书不能被带走”。故选B。 3. Every evening Tom asks his mother to ________ English stories. A. speak B. talk C. ask D. tell 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：每天晚上，汤姆都让妈妈讲英语故事。A. speak说，一般指说某种语言；B. talk说， 强调交谈、谈论；C. ask询问；D. tell告诉。“tell stories”是固定搭配，表示讲故事。故选D。 4. I am ________ seeing you next week, when I will share something funny with you. A. looking forward to B. looking on as C. looking for D. looking around 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：我期待下周见到您，届时我会与您分享一些有趣的事情。A. looking forward to期待，盼望；B. looking on as把……看作；C. looking for寻找；D. looking around环顾四周。根据句意可知，此处意为“期待见到你”，故用“looking forward to”。故选A。 5. Every time he lost heart, the headmaster would ________ him to try again. A. like B. encourage C. need D. let 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词。句意：每次他失去信心时，校长都会鼓励他再试一次。A. like喜欢（like to do / like doing sth.喜欢做某事）；B. encourage鼓励（encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事）；C. need需要（need to do sth.需要做某事）；D. let让（let sb. do sth.让某人做某事）。根据“to try again”可知，此处应用了结构：encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事。故选B。 6. The Selected Readings from Xi Jinping’s Works was ________ in the middle of March of 2024. And soon it will be on sale in bookstores. A. read B. published C. written D. sold 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：《习近平谈治国理政》选读于2024年3月中旬出版，即将在书店发​​售。A. read读；B. published出版；C. written写；D. sold卖。根据语境，书籍应该是被“出版”，然后才会在书店售卖，故用“published”。故选B。 2023年 1. She always _____ her child in new clothes on special days. A. dresses B. puts on C. wears D. has on 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：她总是在特殊的日子里给她的孩子穿上新衣服。A. dresses给某人穿，后接某人；B. puts on穿上，强调动作；C. wears穿着，强调状态；D. has on穿着，强调状态。根据空格后的her child可知，此处指“给某人穿衣服”，可用短语dress sb.表示。故选A项。 2. Would you like to _____ the pets for me while I am away? A. look up B. look for C. look after D. look into 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：我不在的时候你愿意帮我照看一下宠物吗？A. look up 改善；B. look for 寻找； C. look after 照顾；D. look into调查。根据句意可知此处是照顾宠物。故选C。 3. Tom often _____ much money on the books he likes. A. takes B. pays C. spends D. costs 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：汤姆经常花很多钱买他喜欢的书。A. takes花费（时间），主语为事物；B. pays花费（金钱），主语为人；C. spends花费（时间或金钱），主语为人；D. costs花费（通常指金钱），主语为物。主语Tom为人，此处指花费金钱，符合动词短语spend...on sth.“在某物上花费……”。故选C。 4. The teacher doesn’t ______ his students to enter the lab without permission. A. allow B. let C. make D. have 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：老师不允许学生未经允许进入实验室。A. allow允许；B. let让；C. make使；D. have有。allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事；而make/let/have这三个词后面跟省略to的动词不定式作宾补。故选A。 5. They invited me to ________ their club and ________ the club activities every week. A. take part in; join B. join; join in C. join; join D. attend; take part in 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词及动词短语辨析。句意：他们邀请我参加他们的俱乐部并每周参加俱乐部活动。take part in参加（某种活动）；join加入（某组织，并成为其中一员）；join in参加（某种活动）；attend出席（某种会议）。第一空意为“加入俱乐部”，故用join；第二空意为“参加活动”，故用take part in或者join in。故选B。 6. Нe ____ the early train because he got up late this morning. A. took B. lost C. caught D. missed 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为他今天早上起床晚了，所以他错过了早班火车。A. took带走；B. lost失去；C. caught赶上；D. missed错过。根据原因状语从句“because he got up late this morning”可知，他没赶上早班车所以迟到。故选D。 7. The Beijing Olympic Winter Games are _____ worth watching. A. well B. quite C. very D. much 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：北京冬季奥运会非常值得看。A. well好；B. quite相当；C. very十分；D. much很多。根据题干可知，此处考查动词短语。be well worth doing意思是“很值得做某事”。故选A项。 8. I prefer ____ at home rather than ____ skating. A. read; go B. read; to go C. to read; to go D. to read; go 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词短语和不定式作宾语。句意：我宁愿呆在家而不愿意去滑冰。动词短语prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.表示“宁愿做某事，而不愿做某事”，第一个空应用不定式作宾语，第二个空为并列的不定式，可以省略不定式符号to。故选D。 2022年 1. My car ________ on my way to the railway station. A. broke down B. broke up C. broke in D. broke out 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：我在去火车站的路上车子抛锚了。A. broke down抛锚；B. broke up分手；C. broke in闯入或打断；D. broke out爆发。根据“My car ... on my way to the railway station.”可知，此处是“车抛锚了”。故选A。 2. I will ________ skating with my classmates next Sunday. A. do B. have C. go D. be 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：下星期天我将和我的同学去滑冰。A. do做；B. have有；C. go去；D. be是。go skating“去滑冰”，为固定搭配。故选C项。 3. This kind of flowers ________ a pleasant smell. A. gives up B. gives in C. gives out D. gives away 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：这种花散发出令人愉悦的香味。A. gives up放弃；B. gives in屈服；C. gives out散发；D. gives away捐赠。根据“This kind of flowers ...a pleasant smell.”可知，此处是“花散发出香味”。故选C。 4. The box is not heavy. Li Yang can ________ it by himself. A. find B. watch C. learn D. carry 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：这个箱子不重，李阳一个人就能搬动。A. find发现；B. watch观看；C. learn学习；D. carry搬。根据“The box is not heavy. Li Yang can ... it by himself.”可知，此处指“这个箱子不重，李阳一个人就能搬动。”。故选D。 5. After six months. ShenZhou 13 ________ the earth successfully on April 16th. A. returned to B. returned C. returned back D. returned in 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：六个月后，4月16日，神舟13号成功返回地球。A. returned to返回到；B. returned返回；C. returned back返回；D. returned in返回。动词短语return to意为“返回某地”，后接地点名词。故选A。 2021年 1. She ________ love writing. A. used to B. was used to C. is used to D. is used for 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：她曾经喜欢写作。A. used to曾经；B. was used to被用来；C. is used to被用来；D. is used for用于。根据句意以及love writing可知，此处用used to do sth.表示“曾经喜欢写作”。故选A。 2. I will ________ you ________ at 8 tomorrow morning. A. pick; out B. pick; up C. pick; off D. pick; on 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词短语句意：明天早上我8点来接你。A. pick out挑出；B. pick up中途搭乘；C. pick off摘去；D. pick on选中。根据宾语you和时间状语at 8 tomorrow morning可知，此处表示“中途搭乘某人”。故选B。 3. Finally, on a rainy morning he ________ Shenzhen. A. leave to B. left to C. leave for D. left for 【答案】D 【详解】考查一般过去时和动词短语。句意：最终，在一个下雨的早晨，他启程前往深圳。leave for“前往”，固定短语；一般现在时中，主语是“he”，“leave”要用第三人称单数形式“leaves”，所以“A. leave to”和“C. leave for”不正确。“left”是“leave”的过去式，“left for”符合句子“Finally, on a rainy morning he ... Shenzhen.”的语境，表示在一个下雨的早上他动身去了深圳。故选D。 4. The tourists ________ their sunglasses to protect their eyes. A. put off B. put up C. put away D. put on 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：游客们都戴上太阳镜来保护眼睛。A. put off推迟；B. put up张贴，举起；C. put away收起来；D. put on戴上，穿上。根据“The tourists ... their sunglasses to protect their eyes.”可知，此处是“戴上眼镜”。故选D。 5. He promises not to ________ me ________ anymore. A. let; down B. break; down C. cut; down D. set; down 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：他保证不会再让我失望。A. let down使……失望；B. break down出故障；C. cut down砍倒；D. set down放下。根据“He promises not to ... me ... anymore.”可知，此处意为“他保证不会再让我失望”，故用let down。故选A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 【吉林省高职分类考试】五年（2021-2025）英语真题分类汇编 专题02 单项选择（动词词义辨析及动词短语） 1.掌握考纲内的动词和动词短语，包括其中文意思和时态变换形式； 2.辨析相似的动词和动词短语的不同意思，并掌握其正确用法； 3.结合具体语境和关键词，用类比的方法推断词义。 2025年 1. What’s that? Can you ________ it in Chinese? A. speak B. talk C. say D. tell 2. Would you like to ________ TV with me? A. watch B. see C. look D. read 3. The class is made ________ fifty students. A. from B. in C. of D. up of 4. You will soon ________ my gift, for it is on the way. A. accept B. hear C. receive D. gain 5. —Could you ________ me your pencil, Lily? —Of course. Here you are. A. keep B. borrow C. lend D. send 6. The lemon tastes sour, and it doesn’t agree ________ me. A. in B. with C. to D. on 7. I am ________ an answer to my question now. A. hoping B. looking forward C. expecting D. wishing 2024年 1. At weekends my mother always ________ me clean my own room. A. reminds B. requires C. warns D. makes 2. No books shall be ________ when you leave the reading-room. A. taken off B. taken away C. taken over D. taken down 3. Every evening Tom asks his mother to ________ English stories. A. speak B. talk C. ask D. tell 4. I am ________ seeing you next week, when I will share something funny with you. A. looking forward to B. looking on as C. looking for D. looking around 5. Every time he lost heart, the headmaster would ________ him to try again. A. like B. encourage C. need D. let 6. The Selected Readings from Xi Jinping’s Works was ________ in the middle of March of 2024. And soon it will be on sale in bookstores. A. read B. published C. written D. sold 2023年 1. She always _____ her child in new clothes on special days. A. dresses B. puts on C. wears D. has on 2. Would you like to _____ the pets for me while I am away? A. look up B. look for C. look after D. look into 3. Tom often _____ much money on the books he likes. A. takes B. pays C. spends D. costs 4. The teacher doesn’t ______ his students to enter the lab without permission. A. allow B. let C. make D. have 5. They invited me to ________ their club and ________ the club activities every week. A. take part in; join B. join; join in C. join; join D. attend; take part in 6. Нe ____ the early train because he got up late this morning. A. took B. lost C. caught D. missed 7. The Beijing Olympic Winter Games are _____ worth watching. A. well B. quite C. very D. much 8. I prefer ____ at home rather than ____ skating. A. read; go B. read; to go C. to read; to go D. to read; go 2022年 1. My car ________ on my way to the railway station. A. broke down B. broke up C. broke in D. broke out 2. I will ________ skating with my classmates next Sunday. A. do B. have C. go D. be 3. This kind of flowers ________ a pleasant smell. A. gives up B. gives in C. gives out D. gives away 4. The box is not heavy. Li Yang can ________ it by himself. A. find B. watch C. learn D. carry 5. After six months. ShenZhou 13 ________ the earth successfully on April 16th. A. returned to B. returned C. returned back D. returned in 2021年 1. She ________ love writing. A. used to B. was used to C. is used to D. is used for 2. I will ________ you ________ at 8 tomorrow morning. A. pick; out B. pick; up C. pick; off D. pick; on 3. Finally, on a rainy morning he ________ Shenzhen. A. leave to B. left to C. leave for D. left for 4. The tourists ________ their sunglasses to protect their eyes. A. put off B. put up C. put away D. put on 5. He promises not to ________ me ________ anymore. A. let; down B. break; down C. cut; down D. set; down 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $