专题05 单项选择（动词的时态语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词、情态动词）-【吉林省高职分类考试】五年（2021-2025）英语真题分类汇编（原卷版+解析版）

【吉林省高职分类考试】五年（2021-2025）英语真题分类汇编 专题05 单项选择 （动词的时态、语态和主谓一致、非谓语动词、情态动词） 1. 判断句子的时态，并掌握常见动词时态的构成； 2. 辨析相似动词时态的构成，并准确使用； 3. 掌握被动语态的简单形式，并能与时态区分开来； 4. 掌握主谓一致，非谓语动词和情态动词的常见用法及考法。 考向01 动词的时态和语态 2025年 1. The movie ________ for half an hour. A. start B. started C. has started D. has been on 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词时态和延续与非延续性动词。句意：电影已经演了半个小时了。start：开始，非延续性动词，不能与时间段连用；be on：上映，是延续性动词短语。根据“for half an hour”可知，表示动作持续的时间段，需用现在完成时（have/has+动词过去分词），且动词需为延续性动词，be on (has been on)符合要求。故选D。 2. It’s high time that the city ________ more trees to improve air quality. A. plant B. plants C. planted D. would plant 【答案】C 【详解】考查虚拟语气的时态。句意：该是城市多植树来改善空气质量的时候了。plant：种植，动词。在英语中，“It’s high time that ...”中that从句中的谓语动词用过去式或should do，其中should不能省略，是虚拟语气的一种表达方式，空处应用should plant或planted。故选C。 3. A number of tourists ________ planning to visit the Great Wall tomorrow. A. are B. is C. was D. were 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：许多游客正计划明天去参观长城。根据“tomorrow”和“plan”可知，是现在为明天的游长城做计划，故用现在进行时表达现在正在进行的动作行为，其结构是“am/is/are+动词现在分词”；主语“A number of tourists+可数名词复数”作主语，谓语动词用复数形式，所以be动词用are。故选A。 4. The project ________ last month. A. is completed B. completed C. was completed D. complete 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：这项工程上月完工。complete：完成，完工，动词。根据时间状语“last month”可知，句子是台式一般过去时；主语“The project”与谓语动词complete之间为被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态（was/were+动词过去分词）。故选C。 2024年 1. The silk dress ________ easily. A. washes B. was washed C. wash D. is washed 【答案】A 【详解】考查语态。句意：丝绸连衣裙很容易洗。分析句子可知，wash表示衬衫好洗的性质，此处表自身属性的词主动表被动，没有被动语态。主语“The silk dress”是单数，在一般现在时中谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，wash的第三人称单数形式是washes。故选A。 2. Lucy won’t go partying with you unless she ________ her mother’s permission. A. get B. gets C. got D. is getting 【答案】B 【详解】考查一般现在时及主谓一致。句意：如果没有得到她母亲的允许，露西是不会和你一起去参加聚会的。unless引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。主语she是第三人称单数，谓语动词用gets。故选B。 3. It’s five minutes since the plane ________ off. The people who came to see him off are leaving. A. take B. takes C. has taken D. took 【答案】D 【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：飞机起飞五分钟了，送行的人都走了。在“It’s + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时”这个句型中，since引导的时间状语从句要用一般过去时，故用took。故选D。 4. Chinese culture ________ widely to the world now. A. spread B. is being spread C. are spread D. will spread 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：中华文化正在向世界广泛传播。now 表明句子要用现在进行时，主语“Chinese culture”与动词“spread”之间是被动关系，要用被动语态，所以用现在进行时的被动语态，其结构为：am/is/are being + 过去分词。故选B。 5. They ________ to light music when I visited them. A. were listening B. listen C. listens D. are listening 【答案】A 【详解】考查过去进行时。句意：当我去拜访他们时，他们正在听轻音乐。根据时间状语从句when I visited them可知，主句应用过去进行时，表示“当时正在……”。故选A。 2023年 1. If you put your heart into what you do, you _____ improve yourself. A. will be able to B. is able to C. was able to D. able to 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态。句意：如果你全身心地投入到你所做的事情中，你就能提高自己。题干为if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，主句用一般将来时“will+动词原形”。故选A项。 2. The little girl often _____ the piano after class. A. play B. playing C. plays D. is playing 【答案】C 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这个小女孩经常在课后弹钢琴。根据“often”可知，此句为一般现在时，且主语The little girl为第三人称单数，故谓语动词play用三单形式。故选C。 2022年 1. Our teacher told us the earth ________ around the sun. A. moves B. move C. moved D. had moved 【答案】A 【详解】考查时态。句意：老师告诉我们：地球绕着太阳转。分析句子可知，从句部分“地球绕着太阳转”是客观真理和事实，即使主句是过去时，从句部分也应用一般现在时；从句主语the earth是第三人称单数，动词用moves。故选A。 2. The students together with their teacher ________ basketball on the playground now. A. play B. plays C. is playing D. are playing 【答案】D 【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：现在学生们和他们的老师正在操场上打篮球。根据句中的时间状语“now”可知，本句要用现在进行时，其结构为：am/is/are+doing；主语后有together with等构成的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致，即与“The students”保持一致，用be动词的复数形式are。故选D项。 3. The new factory ________ in five months. A. will build B. will be built C. would build D. would be built 【答案】B 【详解】考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：新工厂将在5个月后建成。根据时间状语in five months可知，动作发生在将来，用一般将来时；主语factory和build是被动关系，表示“被建成”，应用一般将来时的被动语态will be built。故选B。 2021年 1. China’s first vocational skills competition ________ in Guangzhou on December 10th in 2020. A. held B. is held C. hold D. was held 【答案】D 【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：2020年12月10日，中国首届职业技能大赛在广州举行。分析句子可知，主语“China’s first vocational skills competition”与动词“hold”之间是被动关系，即比赛是被举办的；又因为时间是“on December 10th in 2020”，是过去的时间，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态“was held”。故选D。 2. Break-dancing has ________ an official Olympic event. A. become B. became C. becomes D. becoming 【答案】A 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：霹雳舞已成为奥运会正式比赛项目。现在完成时的结构为：have/has+动词过去分词；become“变成”，其过去分词是become。故选A项。 考向02 主谓一致 2024年 1. Politics ________ one of my favorite ________. A. is; subject B. is; subjects C. are; subject D. are; subjects 【答案】B 【详解】考查主谓一致及名词单复数。句意：政治是我最喜爱的科目之一。Politics意为“政治”，是一门学科，应用作单数，故该句的谓语动词用is。根据结构“one of +复数名词”可知，此处应用subjects。故选B。 2021年 1. This road ________ our village. A. leads B. leads to C. led D. led to 【答案】B 【详解】考查动词短语、一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：这条路通向我们的村庄。lead to意为“通向”，固定短语；根据“This road ... our village.”可知，这是在陈述一个一般性的事实，用一般现在时，主语“this road”是第三人称单数，所以用“leads to”。故选B。 2. Each boy and each girl ________ playing outdoor games. A. enjoy B. to enjoy C. enjoys D. enjoying 【答案】C 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：每个男生和每个女生都喜欢玩户外游戏。根据主语Each boy and each girl可知，each A and each B作主语时，谓语动词用单数；句子是一般现在时，应用enjoys。故选C。 考向03 非谓语动词 2025年 1. Please don’t forget ________ the umbrella when you leave. A. to take B. take C. took D. taking 【答案】A 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当你离开时请不要忘记带雨伞。分析句子可知，forget是此句的谓语动词，forget to do sth.表示“忘记要做某事（还未做）”；forget doing sth.表示“忘记做过某事（已做）”。根据“when you leave (当你离开时)”可知，“带伞”的动作还没有做，因此应使用不定式作宾语。故选A。 2. It’s everyone’s duty ________ the environment. A. protect B. protecting C. protected D. to protect 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：保护环境是每个人的责任。“it’s one’s duty to do sth.”是一个固定句型，意为“做某事是某人的责任”，其中“it”是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式“to do sth.”。故选D。 3. Teenagers should get some advice on ________ career plans in advance. A. to make B. making C. to be made D. being made 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：青少年应该提前得到一些关于职业规划的建议。分析句子可知，“on”是介词，其后接动词应用动名词词形；“make”和逻辑主语“teenagers”是主动关系，应用动名词一般式的主动形式making。故选B。 2024年 1. ________ next to the window, he had a good view from the train. A. Seating B. Sat C. To sit D. Sitting 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他坐在靠窗的位置，可以清楚地看到火车上的景色。“seating”一般用于“be seated” 结构中，所以此处应用sit，动词 “sit”与主语“he”之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词“sitting”作状语。故选D。 2. We felt it an honor ________ this professor’s lecture. A. attend B. attending C. attended D. to attend 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们很荣幸能够参加这位教授的讲座。根据“We felt it an honor ... this professor’s lecture.”可知，此处是“feel it an honor to do sth.”结构，表示“觉得做某事是一种荣幸”，所以这里用动词不定式“to attend”。故选D。 3. The question needs ________ further. A. discuss B. be discussed C. discussing D. to discuss 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个问题需要进一步讨论。分析句子可知，主语“the question”与动词“discuss”之间是被动关系，“need doing”和“need to be done”都表示“需要被……”，故用discussing或to be discussed。故选C。 2023年 1. Would you mind _____ me a favor? A. to do B. doing C. do D. did 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你介意帮我个忙吗？固定搭配“mind doing sth. (介意做某事)”，“mind”后接“do”的动名词“doing”作宾语，“do sb. a favor (帮某人忙)”。故选B。 2. Hearing the good news, she can’t help ________. A. jump B. jumps C. jumping D. jumped 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：听到这个好消息，她情不自禁地跳了起来。can’t help doing dth.“情不自禁地做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选C项。 3. The little boy _____ under the tree is my brother. A. stand B. standing C. stood D. to stand 【答案】B 【详解】考查现在分词作定语。句意：站在树下的小男孩是我哥哥。分析句子并结合is可知，设空处应填入非谓语动词作定语修饰名词the little boy；boy“男孩”与stand“站立”之间为主动、进行的关系，故此处应用现在分词作定语。故选B。 2022年 1. Would you like ________ after school tomorrow? A. go for a picnic B. going for a picnic C. goes for a picnic D. to go for a picnic 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：明天放学后你想去野餐吗？would like to do sth.“想做某事”，为固定搭配，动词不定式作宾语。故选D项。 2. Most of the athletes ________ to the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games liked Chinese food. A. send B. sends C. sent D. sending 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：参加2022年北京冬奥会的大多数运动员都喜欢中国菜。分析句子可知，“liked”为谓语动词，因此“send”应用非谓语形式，主语“athletes”和动词“send”之间是被动关系，即运动员是被派往冬奥会的，故用过去分词“sent”作后置定语，修饰名词“athletes”。故选C。 2021年 1. He is an experienced teacher ________ by all his students. A. respect B. respected C. respecting D. to respect 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他是一位经验丰富的教师，受到所有学生的尊敬。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词“is”,所以respect“尊敬”，为非谓语动词；且其与名词“teacher”之间是被动关系，此处用动词过去分词作后置定语。故选B项。 2. Students are not allowed ________ mobile phones in primary and secondary schools. A. bring B. bringing C. brought D. to bring 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中小学不允许学生携带手机。be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事，动词allow后接动词不定式作宾补，应用to bring。故选D。 考向04 情态动词 2025年 1. The sun is shining brightly. It ________ be a nice day for outdoor activities. A. must B. need C. needn’t D. mustn’t 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：阳光明媚。今天一定是适合户外活动的好天气。A. must一定；肯定；B. need需要；C. needn’t不必；不需要；D. mustn’t禁止；不准。根据前半句“The sun is shining brightly.”可知，很有把握地推测今天是适合户外活动的好天气，“must”用于有把握的肯定推测，符合语境。故选A。 2024年 1. —Must I hand in my paper today? —No, you ________. The deadline is Friday. A. can’t B. may not C. mustn’t D. needn’t 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：—我今天必须交论文吗？—不，你不需要。截止日期是星期五。A. can’t不能；B. may not可能不；C. mustn’t禁止；D. needn’t不需要。“must”引导的一般疑问句，否定回答用“needn’t”或“don’t have to”，表示“不必”。故选D。 2023年 1. Look! The light is on and Mother _____ be in. A. might B. may C. must D. could 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：看！灯是亮着的，妈妈一定在里面。根据“Look! The light is on”可知，妈妈在里面，用“must”表示肯定推测。故选C项。 2. He raised his voice in order that he could_____. A. hear B. be hearing C. heard D. be heard 【答案】D 【详解】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：他提高了嗓门，以便让别人听到他的声音。分析句子可知，in order that引导的目的状语从句中，主语he与动词hear之间为动宾关系，故应用被动语态；含有情态动词的被动语态结构为“情态动词+be+过去分词”。故选D。 2022年 1. According to the traffic rules, we ________ wear the seat belt while driving a car. A. might B. may C. can D. must 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：根据交通规则，我们开车时必须系安全带。A. might可能；B. may可能；C. can可以；D. must必须。根据“According to the traffic rules”可知，根据交通规则，在开车时系安全带是必须的。故选D。 2021年 1. —Who’s the boy standing at the school gate? —It ________ be John. He has gone to Dalian. A. may B. mustn’t C. won’t D. can’t 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：—站在学校门口的那个男孩是谁?—不可能是约翰。他去大连了。A. may可能；B. mustn’t禁止；C. won’t不会；D. can’t不能、不会。根据“He has gone to Dalian”可知，站在学校门口的那个男孩不可能是约翰，因为他去大连了。在情态动词表示推测的用法中，can’t be不可能，表示有把握的否定推测。故选D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 【吉林省高职分类考试】五年（2021-2025）英语真题分类汇编 专题05 单项选择 （动词的时态、语态和主谓一致、非谓语动词、情态动词） 1. 判断句子的时态，并掌握常见动词时态的构成； 2. 辨析相似动词时态的构成，并准确使用； 3. 掌握被动语态的简单形式，并能与时态区分开来； 4. 掌握主谓一致，非谓语动词和情态动词的常见用法及考法。 考向01 动词的时态和语态 2025年 1. The movie ________ for half an hour. A. start B. started C. has started D. has been on 2. It’s high time that the city ________ more trees to improve air quality. A. plant B. plants C. planted D. would plant 3. A number of tourists ________ planning to visit the Great Wall tomorrow. A. are B. is C. was D. were 4. The project ________ last month. A. is completed B. completed C. was completed D. complete 2024年 1. The silk dress ________ easily. A. washes B. was washed C. wash D. is washed 2. Lucy won’t go partying with you unless she ________ her mother’s permission. A. get B. gets C. got D. is getting 3. It’s five minutes since the plane ________ off. The people who came to see him off are leaving. A. take B. takes C. has taken D. took 4. Chinese culture ________ widely to the world now. A. spread B. is being spread C. are spread D. will spread 5. They ________ to light music when I visited them. A. were listening B. listen C. listens D. are listening 2023年 1. If you put your heart into what you do, you _____ improve yourself. A. will be able to B. is able to C. was able to D. able to 2. The little girl often _____ the piano after class. A. play B. playing C. plays D. is playing 2022年 1. Our teacher told us the earth ________ around the sun. A. moves B. move C. moved D. had moved 2. The students together with their teacher ________ basketball on the playground now. A. play B. plays C. is playing D. are playing 3. The new factory ________ in five months. A. will build B. will be built C. would build D. would be built 2021年 1. China’s first vocational skills competition ________ in Guangzhou on December 10th in 2020. A. held B. is held C. hold D. was held 2. Break-dancing has ________ an official Olympic event. A. become B. became C. becomes D. becoming 考向02 主谓一致 2024年 1. Politics ________ one of my favorite ________. A. is; subject B. is; subjects C. are; subject D. are; subjects 2021年 1. This road ________ our village. A. leads B. leads to C. led D. led to 2. Each boy and each girl ________ playing outdoor games. A. enjoy B. to enjoy C. enjoys D. enjoying 考向03 非谓语动词 2025年 1. Please don’t forget ________ the umbrella when you leave. A. to take B. take C. took D. taking 2. It’s everyone’s duty ________ the environment. A. protect B. protecting C. protected D. to protect 3. Teenagers should get some advice on ________ career plans in advance. A. to make B. making C. to be made D. being made 2024年 1. ________ next to the window, he had a good view from the train. A. Seating B. Sat C. To sit D. Sitting 2. We felt it an honor ________ this professor’s lecture. A. attend B. attending C. attended D. to attend 3. The question needs ________ further. A. discuss B. be discussed C. discussing D. to discuss 2023年 1. Would you mind _____ me a favor? A. to do B. doing C. do D. did 2. Hearing the good news, she can’t help ________. A. jump B. jumps C. jumping D. jumped 3. The little boy _____ under the tree is my brother. A. stand B. standing C. stood D. to stand 2022年 1. Would you like ________ after school tomorrow? A. go for a picnic B. going for a picnic C. goes for a picnic D. to go for a picnic 2. Most of the athletes ________ to the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games liked Chinese food. A. send B. sends C. sent D. sending 2021年 1. He is an experienced teacher ________ by all his students. A. respect B. respected C. respecting D. to respect 2. Students are not allowed ________ mobile phones in primary and secondary schools. A. bring B. bringing C. brought D. to bring 考向04 情态动词 2025年 1. The sun is shining brightly. It ________ be a nice day for outdoor activities. A. must B. need C. needn’t D. mustn’t 2024年 1. —Must I hand in my paper today? —No, you ________. The deadline is Friday. A. can’t B. may not C. mustn’t D. needn’t 2023年 1. Look! The light is on and Mother _____ be in. A. might B. may C. must D. could 2. He raised his voice in order that he could_____. A. hear B. be hearing C. heard D. be heard 2022年 1. According to the traffic rules, we ________ wear the seat belt while driving a car. A. might B. may C. can D. must 2021年 1. —Who’s the boy standing at the school gate? —It ________ be John. He has gone to Dalian. A. may B. mustn’t C. won’t D. can’t 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $