内容正文:
沪教版七年级下册 Unit 1 单词表
教师备课材料
1. advice (n. 名词)
词义:建议,忠告
近义词:suggestion, recommendation
反义词:命令 (command)
词性转换:
advise (v.) 建议
adviser/advisor (n.) 顾问
固定搭配:
give advice 提供建议
take/follow one's advice 接受/听从建议
a piece of advice 一条建议
例句:
The teacher gave me some good advice on studying. (老师给了我一些关于学习的好建议。)
You should take your parents' advice. (你应该听从父母的建议。)
2. encourage (v. 动词)
词义:鼓励,激励
近义词:inspire, support
反义词:discourage 使气馁
词性转换:
encouragement (n.) 鼓励
encouraging (adj.) 令人鼓舞的
固定搭配:
encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
例句:
My parents always encourage me to try new things. (父母总是鼓励我尝试新事物。)
Her words were very encouraging. (她的话非常鼓舞人心。)
3. retire (v. 动词)
词义:退休
近义词:stop working
反义词:开始工作 (start working)
词性转换:
retirement (n.) 退休
retired (adj.) 已退休的
固定搭配:
retire from 从…退休
retire at the age of... 在…岁时退休
例句:
My grandfather will retire next year. (我祖父明年将退休。)
He retired from teaching after 40 years. (他教书40年后退休了。)
4. cheerful (adj. 形容词)
词义:快乐的,愉快的
近义词:happy, joyful
反义词:sad, gloomy 悲伤的
词性转换:
cheerfully (adv.) 快乐地
cheerfulness (n.) 快乐
固定搭配:
a cheerful smile 愉快的微笑
cheerful atmosphere 愉快的气氛
例句:
She has a cheerful personality. (她性格开朗。)
He greeted us cheerfully. (他愉快地迎接我们。)
5. community (n. 名词)
词义:社区,社会
近义词:society, neighborhood
词性转换:communities (pl.) 复数
固定搭配:
community service 社区服务
international community 国际社会
例句:
We have a strong sense of community in our neighborhood. (我们社区有很强的归属感。)
She does volunteer work in the local community. (她在当地社区做志愿者工作。)
6. medical (adj. 形容词)
词义:医学的,医疗的
近义词:healing, therapeutic
词性转换:
medic (n.) 医生,医学生
medically (adv.) 医学上
固定搭配:
medical care 医疗护理
medical examination 体检
例句:
He needs immediate medical attention. (他需要立即就医。)
The hospital provides free medical services. (这家医院提供免费医疗服务。)
7. fried (adj. 形容词)
词义:油炸的
近义词:deep-fried
反义词:steamed 蒸的
词性转换:
fry (v.) 油炸
frying (n.) 油炸
固定搭配:
fried chicken 炸鸡
French fries 炸薯条
例句:
I like fried rice better than steamed rice. (比起蒸饭,我更喜欢炒饭。)
Too much fried food is not good for health. (过多油炸食品对健康不利。)
8. wherever (conj./adv. 连词/副词)
词义:无论哪里,在任何地方
近义词:no matter where
例句:
I will follow you wherever you go. (无论你去哪里,我都会跟着你。)
Wherever you are, I will find you. (无论你在哪里,我都会找到你。)
9. future (n. 名词)
词义:将来,未来
近义词:tomorrow, time to come
反义词:past 过去
词性转换:
future (adj.) 未来的
futurist (n.) 未来学家
固定搭配:
in the future 在未来
future plan 未来计划
例句:
I want to be a doctor in the future. (我将来想成为一名医生。)
We should plan for our future. (我们应该为未来做计划。)
10. soon (adv. 副词)
词义:很快,不久
近义词:shortly, before long
反义词:later 稍后
固定搭配:
as soon as 一…就…
sooner or later 迟早
例句:
I will call you back soon. (我很快就会回电话给你。)
As soon as I finish my homework, I will go out to play. (我一完成作业就出去玩。)
11. smart (adj. 形容词)
词义:聪明的,时髦的
近义词:intelligent, clever
反义词:stupid, foolish 愚蠢的
词性转换:
smartly (adv.) 聪明地,时髦地
smartness (n.) 聪明
固定搭配:
smart phone 智能手机
smart idea 好主意
例句:
She is a very smart student. (她是一个非常聪明的学生。)
He dresses smartly for the interview. (他为面试穿着很时髦。)
12. attention (n. 名词)
词义:注意,注意力
近义词:notice, concentration
反义词:inattention 不注意
词性转换:
attentive (adj.) 注意的
attentively (adv.) 注意地
固定搭配:
pay attention to 注意
draw/attract attention 吸引注意力
例句:
Please pay attention to the teacher. (请注意听老师讲课。)
The bright colors attract people's attention. (鲜艳的颜色吸引了人们的注意。)
13. seldom (adv. 副词)
词义:很少,不常
近义词:rarely, infrequently
反义词:often, frequently 经常
固定搭配:通常放在实义动词之前,be动词之后
例句:
He seldom eats breakfast. (他很少吃早餐。)
She is seldom late for school. (她上学很少迟到。)
14. bored (adj. 形容词)
词义:感到无聊的
近义词:uninterested, tired
反义词:interested 感兴趣的
词性转换:
bore (v.) 使无聊
boring (adj.) 令人无聊的
boredom (n.) 无聊
固定搭配:
be bored with 对…感到无聊
例句:
I am bored with this movie. (我对这部电影感到无聊。)
The boring lecture made everyone sleepy. (无聊的讲座让每个人都昏昏欲睡。)
15. strict (adj. 形容词)
词义:严格的,严厉的
近义词:severe, stern
反义词:lenient, easygoing 宽容的
词性转换:
strictly (adv.) 严格地
strictness (n.) 严格
固定搭配:
be strict with sb. 对某人严格
be strict about sth. 对某事严格
例句:
Our teacher is strict with us. (我们的老师对我们很严格。)
She is strict about homework. (她对作业要求严格。)
16. relative (n. 名词)
词义:亲戚,亲属
近义词:family member, kin
词性转换:
relate (v.) 相关
relation (n.) 关系
relatively (adv.) 相对地
固定搭配:
close/distant relative 近亲/远亲
例句:
We visited our relatives during the Spring Festival. (春节期间我们拜访了亲戚。)
This problem is relatively easy to solve. (这个问题相对容易解决。)
17. uniform (n. 名词)
词义:制服
近义词:outfit, costume
词性转换:uniformed (adj.) 穿制服的
固定搭配:
school uniform 校服
in uniform 穿着制服
例句:
All students must wear school uniforms. (所有学生必须穿校服。)
The police officer was in uniform. (警察穿着制服。)
18. personality (n. 名词)
词义:个性,性格
近义词:character, nature
词性转换:personal (adj.) 个人的
固定搭配:
personality trait 个性特征
strong personality 坚强的个性
例句:
Everyone has a different personality. (每个人都有不同的个性。)
She has a cheerful personality. (她性格开朗。)
19. characteristic (n./adj. 名词/形容词)
词义:特征/特有的
近义词:feature, trait
词性转换:
characteristically (adv.) 特有地
characterize (v.) 以...为特征
固定搭配:
main characteristic 主要特征
be characteristic of 是...的特征
例句:
Kindness is one of her characteristics. (善良是她的特征之一。)
This style is characteristic of his early work. (这种风格是他早期作品的特征。)
20. topic (n. 名词)
词义:话题,主题
近义词:subject, theme
词性转换:topical (adj.) 热门话题的
固定搭配:
topic sentence 主题句
change the topic 改变话题
例句:
Today's topic is environmental protection. (今天的主题是环境保护。)
Let's change the topic. (我们换个话题吧。)
21. active (adj. 形容词)
词义:积极的,活跃的
近义词:energetic, lively
反义词:inactive, passive 不活跃的
词性转换:
actively (adv.) 积极地
activity (n.) 活动
activate (v.) 激活
固定搭配:
take an active part in 积极参与
active lifestyle 积极的生活方式
例句:
She is active in class discussions. (她在课堂讨论中很积极。)
We should take an active part in sports. (我们应该积极参与体育运动。)
22. smartphone (n. 名词)
词义:智能手机
近义词:mobile phone, cellphone
固定搭配:
smartphone user 智能手机用户
smartphone application 智能手机应用
例句:
Most teenagers have smartphones nowadays. (现在大多数青少年都有智能手机。)
You can download many useful apps on your smartphone. (你可以在智能手机上下载很多有用的应用。)
23. wisely (adv. 副词)
词义:明智地,聪明地
近义词:intelligently, sensibly
反义词:foolishly, stupidly 愚蠢地
词性转换:
wise (adj.) 明智的
wisdom (n.) 智慧
例句:
He spends his money wisely. (他明智地花钱。)
It's wise to save money for the future. (为未来存钱是明智的。)
24. competition (n. 名词)
词义:比赛,竞争
近义词:contest, rivalry
词性转换:
compete (v.) 竞争
competitive (adj.) 有竞争力的
competitor (n.) 竞争者
固定搭配:
enter a competition 参加比赛
fierce competition 激烈的竞争
例句:
There will be a writing competition next month. (下个月将有一场写作比赛。)
She won first prize in the singing competition. (她在歌唱比赛中获得一等奖。)
25. shower (n. 名词)
词义:淋浴,阵雨
近义词:rainfall, bath
词性转换:
shower (v.) 淋浴
showery (adj.) 多阵雨的
固定搭配:
take a shower 洗淋浴
shower gel 沐浴露
例句:
I take a shower every morning. (我每天早上都淋浴。)
There will be scattered showers tomorrow. (明天将有零星阵雨。)
26. online (adj./adv. 形容词/副词)
词义:在线的/在线地
近义词:connected, on the Internet
反义词:offline 离线的
词性转换:online (n.) 在线状态
固定搭配:
online shopping 网上购物
go online 上网
例句:
I often do online shopping. (我经常网上购物。)
Many students study English online. (许多学生在线学习英语。)
27. site (n. 名词)
词义:地点,网站
近义词:location, website
词性转换:sited (adj.) 位于...的
固定搭配:
construction site 建筑工地
web site 网站
例句:
This is the site of the new school. (这是新学校的地址。)
I found the information on a government site. (我在政府网站上找到了这个信息。)
28. narrow (adj. 形容词)
词义:狭窄的
近义词:thin, slim
反义词:wide, broad 宽阔的
词性转换:
narrowly (adv.) 狭窄地,勉强地
narrowness (n.) 狭窄
固定搭配:
narrow street 狭窄的街道
narrow mind 心胸狭窄
例句:
The road is too narrow for two cars. (这条路太窄,两辆车过不去。)
He narrowly escaped the accident. (他勉强逃过了事故。)
29. superman (n. 名词)
词义:超人
近义词:hero
反义词:普通人 (ordinary person)
词性转换:superhuman (adj.) 超人的
固定搭配:通常单独使用
例句:
Superman is a popular comic book character. (超人是受欢迎的漫画人物。)
He works like a superman. (他工作起来像个超人。)
3034. 重点词组
30. give up
词义:放弃
近义词:quit, abandon
反义词:persist, continue 坚持
固定搭配:
give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
give up smoking 戒烟
例句:
Don't give up easily. (不要轻易放弃。)
He gave up smoking last year. (他去年戒烟了。)
31. used to
词义:过去常常
近义词:formerly did
固定搭配:
used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
be/get used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事
例句:
I used to play basketball after school. (我过去常常放学后打篮球。)
She is used to getting up early. (她习惯早起。)
32. in the future
词义:将来,未来
近义词:later, someday
反义词:in the past 过去
例句:
I want to be a teacher in the future. (我将来想成为一名老师。)
We will have more free time in the future. (将来我们会有更多空闲时间。)
33. be strict about
词义:对...严格
近义词:be severe about
反义词:be lenient about 对...宽容
例句:
Our teacher is strict about homework. (我们老师对作业要求严格。)
Parents should be strict about screen time. (家长应该对屏幕时间严格。)
34. be worried about
词义:担心...
近义词:be anxious about, be concerned about
反义词:be carefree about 对...无忧无虑
例句:
She is worried about her exam results. (她担心她的考试成绩。)
Don't be worried about small things. (不要为小事担心。)
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