Unit 4 Space Exploration重点单词变形，语法，短语，句型练习-2025-2026学年高一英语人教版必修第三册

Unit 4 Space Exploration 重点单词变形，短语，句型，语法练习 单词变形 1．intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→intelligence n．智慧 2．determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的→determine vt.查明；确定；决定→determination n．决心；果断 3．disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappoint vt.使失望→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappointment n．失望；沮丧 4．desire n．渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望→desired adj.渴望的，想要的 5．independent adj.独立的；自立的→independently adv.独立地；自立地→independence n．独立；自立→depend vi.依靠 6．lack vt.缺乏；没有 n．缺乏；短缺→lacking adj.缺乏的；不足的 7．argue vt.& vi.论证；争辩；争论→argument n．争论；争吵；论点 8．analysis n．(对事物的)分析；分析结果→analyz(s)e v．分析 9．regular adj.定期的；经常的；正常的→regularly adv.有规律地；经常；定期地 10．limited adj.有限的→limitless adj.无限的→limit vt.& n．限制 一、单句语法填空 1．The man hurried to his house, only (tell) that his son had been lost. 【答案】to be told 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那人急忙赶到他家，却被告知他的儿子丢了。only to do sth.作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果，tell与主语the man之间为被动关系，所以使用不定式的被动形式。故填to be told。 2．We had an (argue) with the waiter about the bill. 【答案】argument 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们因为账单和服务员发生了争执。提示词作宾语，用名词argument，意为“争执”，有冠词an修饰，用单数形式。故填argument。 3．His detailed (analyze) of the poem revealed hidden themes of loneliness. 【答案】analysis 【详解】考查名词。句意：他对这首诗的详细分析揭示了其中隐藏的孤独主题。根据空前形容词“detailed”以及空后介词of可知，此空应是名词，作句子主语。所给词analyze是动词，意为“分析”。其名词是analysis，意为“分析”。故填analysis。 4．The chef has thrown himself into Chinese cuisine (enhance) his cooking skills. 【答案】to enhance 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位厨师潜心钻研中国菜，以提升自己的烹饪技艺。空处作目的状语，需用动词不定式。故填to enhance。 5．Moving slowly through the National Gallery, I was (determine) to keep my smartphone in my bag and appreciate each individual painting with the best camera in the world: my own eyes. 【答案】determined 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我缓缓地漫步于国家美术馆之中，决心将智能手机留在包里，用世界上最好的相机——我自己的眼睛去欣赏每一幅画作。作表语，用形容词determined。故填determined。 6．Finally, the music takes a softer turn and ends on a bittersweet note, telling us how the couple transform into butterflies and fly away (be) together forever. 【答案】to be 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，音乐转为柔和的旋律，以苦乐参半的音符结束，告诉我们这对情侣如何化身为蝴蝶，飞走并永远在一起。根据语境可知，fly away的目的是be together forever，此空应是不定式作目的状语，表示“为了……”。故填to be。 7．As long as you eat a balanced diet and exercise (regular), you can become a strong and healthy person. 【答案】regularly 【详解】考查副词。句意：只要你均衡饮食并且规律锻炼，你就能成为一个强壮健康的人。根据空前动词exercise可知，此空应是副词作状语。所给词regular的副词形式是regularly，意为“有规律地，经常”。故填regularly。 8．He is always the first person (leave). 【答案】to leave 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他总是第一个离开的人。“the first/second/...+名词+to do sth.”是固定结构，意为“第一个/第二个/……做某事的……”，用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to leave。 9．My grandma was the last person (know) about our family trip. We wanted to surprise her. 【答案】to know 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：我奶奶是最后一个知道我们家庭旅行的人。我们想给她一个惊喜。know在句中为非谓语动词，修饰名词短语the last person，名词前有“the first/last/only/best”等限定词时，常用不定式（to do）作后置定语，修饰该名词，此处“the last person to know ...”表示 “最后一个知道……的人”。故填to know。 10．The new sports (facility) are very amazing. 【答案】facilities 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：这些新的体育设施非常棒。根据所给词“facility”及are 可知，此处需填其复数形式facilities作宾语。故填facilities。 11．There are many useful (resource) in our school library. 【答案】resources 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：我们学校的图书馆里有很多有用的资源。空处在there be句型中作主语，根据are可知主语应用复数形式。故填resources。 12．We gave the enemy a (fate) blow. 【答案】fatal 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们给了敌人致命的一击。修饰名词blow，用形容词fatal“致命的”，作前置定语。故填fatal。 13．Heart rate (monitor) will let you know how hard you’re working. 【答案】monitors 【详解】考查名词。句意：心率监测器会让你知道你的运动强度有多大。空处作主语，需用名词monitor“监测器”，此处指不止一个监测器，需用复数形式。故填monitors。 14．…we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to (globe) change... 【答案】global 【详解】考查形容词。句意：……我们越来越多地使用观测数据来研究物种如何应对全球变化……。所填词作定语修饰名词change，要将名词globe变成对应的形容词global，表示“全球的”。故填global。 15．A child has a strong (attach) to its parents. 【答案】attachment 【详解】考查名词。句意：孩子与父母之间有着深厚的情感纽带。作动词的宾语，用名词attachment，故填attachment。 16．It is (universe) acknowledged that wealth doesn't necessarily mean happiness. 【答案】universally 【详解】考查副词。句意：人们普遍认为，财富并不一定意味着幸福。修饰动词acknowledged应用universe的副词形式universally作状语，意为“普遍地”，It is universally acknowledged that…为固定句式，表示“人们普遍认为……”，符合语境。故填universally。 17．All the (procedure) must be done in the correct order. 【答案】procedures 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：所有的步骤都必须按正确的顺序进行。分析句子结构可知，空格处需填名词作主语，且由空前限定词All可知，此空应填复数形式procedures。故填procedures。 18．Clearly, (satellite) are not just for rocket scientists anymore. 【答案】satellites 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：显然，人造卫星不再只为火箭科学家所用。satellite(人造卫星)为可数名词。这里表示泛指，且空前没有表示数量的限定词，所以用名词复数satellites，作主语。故填satellites。 19． (pattern) of language learning and language use are complex. 【答案】Patterns 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：语言学习和语言使用的模式是复杂的。pattern(模式)为可数名词，其前没有表示数量的限定词，且这里表示泛指，应用名词复数patterns，作主语。位于句首应大写首字母。故填Patterns。 20．Primary schooling became (universe) only in the 1990s. 【答案】universal 【详解】考查形容词。句意：小学教育直到20世纪90年代才普及开来。作表语，用形容词universal，故填universal。 21．It is one of the great unsolved (mystery) of this century. 【答案】mysteries 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：这是本世纪最大的未解之谜之一。此处为one of+最高级+复数名词，表示“最……之一”，用复数形式。故填mysteries。 22．He must sell the house for the (currency) market value. 【答案】current 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他必须以目前的市场价值卖掉房子。空处修饰market value，应用形容词。current意为“当前的”。故填current。 23．It is wrong to misuse our natural (resource). 【答案】resources 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：滥用自然资源是错误的。此处数量大于一用复数形式。故填resources。 24．Illegally parked (vehicle) will be removed. 【答案】vehicles 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：非法停放的车辆将被移除。空处作主语。这里表示泛指，且空前没有表示数量的限定词，所以用名词复数vehicles。故填vehicles。 25．Genes are (transmit) from one generation to another. 【答案】transmitted 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：基因从一代传递到下一代。句中主语Genes（基因）与动词transmit（传递）之间是被动关系，即基因是被传递的。被动语态的结构为“be + 过去分词”，transmit的过去分词是transmitted。故填transmitted。 26．There are some (agency) now specializing in helping older people to find jobs which pay. 【答案】agencies 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：现在有一些机构专门帮助老年人找到有报酬的工作。agency意为“机构”，为可数名词。结合空前的some可知，这里应用名词复数agencies，作there be结构中的主语。故填agencies。 27．Not only are (soap) effective, but they are also cheap. 【答案】soaps 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：肥皂不仅有效，而且便宜。Not only位于句首，这里使用了部分倒装，此处为名词作主语，结合are和they可知，这里应用名词复数soaps，表示泛指。故填soaps。 28．It is not easy to draw a conclusion without (sufficiency) evidence. 【答案】sufficient 【详解】考查形容词。句意：没有足够的证据就得出结论是不容易的。根据空后的名词“evidence”可知，空处修饰其后的名词evidence，需用形容词作定语，所给词sufficiency为名词，意为“充足”，其形容词形式sufficient表示“充分的；足够的”，符合语境。故填sufficient。 29．As time becomes (limit) and school work begins to pile up, many students start to feel much stressed. 【答案】limited 【详解】考查形容词。句意：随着时间变得有限，学校作业开始堆积，许多学生开始感到压力很大。设空处接在系动词become后，应用形容词作表语，表示有限的，故填limited。 30．AI does not have only threats to humans, but it can also work with us (solve) big problems. 【答案】to solve 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人工智能不只是对人类有威胁，它还能和我们一起解决重大问题。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词can work，且空格处无连词，因此空格处应用非谓语动词。结合语境，和我们一起的目的是解决重大问题，所以此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to solve。 二、单词拼写 31．It was a really heated (争吵, 争论) and in fact they were shouting at each other. 【答案】argument 【详解】考查名词。句意：那是一场非常激烈的争论，事实上他们在对彼此大喊大叫。根据汉语提示“争吵，争论”可知，用名词argument，作表语，由空前a可知，应用名词单数形式。故填argument。 32．Surprisingly, two (独立) research bodies reached the same conclusions. 【答案】independent 【详解】考查形容词。句意：令人惊讶的是，两个独立的研究机构得出了相同的结论。“独立”修饰名词词组research bodies，用形容词independent作定语，符合句意。故填independent。 33．Among all the (设施) in the school, the library caught my attention immediately. 【答案】facilities 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：在学校所有的设施中，图书馆立刻引起了我的注意。根据汉语提示“设施”及空前的“all”可知，此处应用名词facility的复数形式facilities，表示多种设施。故填facilities。 34．The Internet is often used as a and as a tool for distance learning. (资源) 【答案】resource 【详解】考查名词。句意：互联网经常被用作一种资源和远程学习的工具。“资源”对应的英文单词是resource，根据空前的a可知，此处应用其单数形式，作介词as的宾语。故填resource。 35．Working out (定期) helps a lot to reduce one’s tiredness and anxiety. 【答案】regularly 【详解】考查副词。句意：定期锻炼对减轻疲劳和焦虑有很大的帮助。根据汉语提示可知用副词regularly，修饰动词work out。故填regularly。 36．I was really (失望的) at the result of the game. 【答案】disappointed 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我真的对比赛结果感到失望。作表语，表示“失望的”用形容词disappointed，be disappointed at“对……感到失望”是固定搭配。故填disappointed。 37．Astronaut learn how to use space equipment, doing many (精神的) and physical training. 【答案】mental 【详解】考查形容词。句意：宇航员学习如何使用太空设备，进行许多心理和体能训练。此处修饰名词training，根据汉语提示“精神的”，应使用形容词mental，mental and physical training意为“心理和体能训练”，符合句意。故填mental。 38．We must find a way to (克服) these technical challenges. 【答案】overcome 【详解】考查不定式。句意：我们必须找到克服这些技术挑战的方法。“克服”是overcome，way后用不定式作后置定语，因此空格处用动词原形，故填overcome。 39．The children showed great (渴望，热切) to open their presents on Christmas morning. 【答案】eagerness/desire 【详解】考查名词。句意：孩子们在圣诞节早上表现出极大的渴望，想要打开他们的礼物。根据括号内的汉语提示，表示“渴望”或“热切”用eagerness/desire，其为不可数名词。故填eagerness/desire。 40．Languages have always been evolving to keep up to date with (当前的) global trends. 【答案】current 【详解】考查形容词。句意：语言总是在不断发展，以跟上当前的全球趋势。根据句意和汉语提示可知，空处应填形容词current“当前的”，作定语修饰名词trends。故填current。 三、完成句子 41．听到比赛被取消, 她一脸失望地走出了球场。 Hearing the game was canceled, she and walked off the court. 【答案】wore a disappointed expression 【详解】考查短语和时态。结合句意“一脸失望”可用wear a disappointed expression，根据and walked可知为一般过去时。故填wore a disappointed expression。 42．如果她继续这样下去，最终会发现自己一个朋友都没有。 She'll find herself with no friends at all if she carries behaving like this. 【答案】on 【详解】考查动词短语。根据中英文句子可知，此处表示“继续”应用固定短语carry on，在此短语中on是副词。故填on。 43．如果你等到把一切都弄明白了才开始行动，那你永远开始不了。 If you wait to figure everything before starting anything, you’ll never get started. 【答案】out 【详解】考查固定短语。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“弄明白”，是固定短语figure out，因此空格处应用out，故填out。 44．在店的另一侧，那里挂满了各种款式的衣服，供亨利挑选. In another part of the shop, for Henry to choose from. 【答案】there is a wide range of clothes 【详解】考查there be句型和时态。“挂满了”隐含“存在”之意，可用there be句型，“各种款式的衣服”表达为“a wide range of clothes”；陈述一般事实，所以时态为一般现在时，be动词用is。故填there is a wide range of clothes。 45．接着，他把钞票对折起来，然后又慢慢摊开，好像在看一个他不相信存在的东西。 Then he folds the bill and slowly unfolds it again, he can’t believe is there. 【答案】as if looking at something 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要补全一个方式状语从句的省略形式。as if引导方式状语从句，表示“好像”；由于主句和从句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词is，所以可以将从句的主语和be动词省略，剩下looking at something的结构，表示“正在看某个东西”；而“he can’t believe is there”则是一个省略了引导词that的定语从句，修饰先行词something，表示“他不相信存在的东西”。故填as if looking at something。 46．正是你慷慨的帮助，我坚信我会尽快地适应大学生活的。 I firmly believe that I will adapt to the college life as soon as possible. 【答案】It is with your generous help that 【详解】考查强调句及固定搭配。根据句意，“正是……”需用强调句结构“It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他部分”，此处被强调部分为“你慷慨的帮助”作状语，为with one’s help”为固定搭配，表示“你”为your，表示“慷慨的”为generous，表示“帮助”为help。故填 It is with your generous help that。 47．总而言之，太空探索给世界带来了种种好处。 many different benefits. 【答案】In closing, exploring space provides the world with 【详解】考查短语、动词和介词短语。表示 “总而言之”应用短语in closing，位于句首作状语；表示“太空探索”短语为explore space，用动名词形式作主语；表示“给……带来”短语为“provide...with...”，主语为动名词短语，谓语动词provide用第三人称单数形式provides；表示“世界”用名词the world，作介词with的宾语。故翻填In closing, exploring space provides the world with。 48．我很抱歉不能参加你的生日会，因为我有一件重要的事要处理。 I'm sorry for not being able to attend your birthday party, for I . 【答案】have an important thing to deal with 【详解】考查动词短语和不定式。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要补全“有一件重要的事要处理”，have sth. to do意为“有某事要做”，是固定短语，其中不定式作后置定语修饰名词sth.，表示动作尚未发生；“一件重要的事”可译为an important thing；“处理”可译为deal with。句子描述的是现在的情况，应用一般现在时，主语为I，谓语动词用原形。故填have an important thing to deal with。 49．科学博物馆利用其校外环境的地位，为我们提供探索太空的最新消息。（不定式短语作状语） The science museum uses its position as an out-of-school environment . 【答案】to provide us with the latest news about exploring the space 【详解】考查动词不定式。根据句意可知，空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。表示“为某人提供某物”应用固定句型provide sb. with sth.；表示“最新消息”应用the latest news；表示“探索太空的”应用介词短语about exploring the space；故答案为to provide us with the latest news about exploring the space。 50．每个人都渴望成功，而成功只属于努力的人。 Everyone while success only belongs to the hard-working people. 【答案】desires to succeed/desires for success/has a desire for success 【详解】考查时态、非谓语动词、固定短语。表示“渴望做某事”用desire to do sth.，句子描述一般事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语Everyone为第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数desires。表示“成功”用动词succeed，位于不定式符号to后，succeed用原形。表示“渴望某事”用have a desire for sth.，或者desire for sth.，谓语用第三人称单数has或desires。表示“成功”用名词success，作for的宾语。故填desires to succeed/ desires for success/has a desire for success。 “Why are you unwilling to accept this opportunity in space? Have you read the 51 (describe) carefully?” Wang Ping asked 52 (I). “You will live in a 53 (furnish) house with all modern equipment and robots will be able to clarify any problems. You are only needed to become familiar with the administration and rules for such a project. It will be an 54 (enjoy) experience for you.” Many people need to be reminded of the job opportunities in space stations, which 55 (constant) need space cooks, cleaners, teachers, stewards (乘务员) and stewardesses. You can be swiftly trained for your new job from using previous skills. At first, people may find it difficult 56 (tolerate) the new surroundings. However, they will be able to overcome the difficulties if their families encourage them to take 57 the job. There are lots of advantages 58 come from a period of time in space. But for health reasons only one stay of three years 59 (allow), because 60 link between illness and length of stay may be strong. It is a little disappointing, but the rules cannot be changed for anyone. 【答案】 51．description 52．me 53．furnished 54．enjoyable 55．constantly 56．to tolerate 57．up 58．that/which 59．is allowed 60．the 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Wang Ping问“我”为什么不愿意接受太空工作机会，并介绍了太空工作的相关情况以及太空工作的一些优势和限制。 51．考查名词。句意：王平问我：“你为什么不愿意接受这个太空机会？你仔细看过说明了吗？”提示词作动词read的宾语，用名词形式description，意为“说明”，不可数名词。故填description。 52．考查代词。句意：王平问我：“你为什么不愿意接受这个太空机会？你仔细看过说明了吗？”提示词作动词asked的宾语，用宾格代词me。故填me。 53．考查形容词。句意：你将住在一个配备了所有现代设备的房子里，机器人将能够澄清任何问题。提示词修饰名词house，用形容词形式furnished作定语，意为“配备家具的”。故填furnished。 54．考查形容词。句意：这对你来说将是一次愉快的经历。提示词修饰名词experience，用形容词形式enjoyable作定语，意为“令人愉快的”。故填enjoyable。 55．考查副词。句意：许多人需要被提醒空间站的工作机会，空间站不断需要太空厨师、清洁工、教师、乘务员和空姐。提示词修饰动词need，用副词形式constantly作状语，意为“不断地”。故填constantly。 56．考查固定句型和非谓语动词。句意：起初，人们可能会发现很难忍受新的环境。“find it difficult to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“发现做某事很难”，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语。故填to tolerate。 57．考查介词。句意：然而，如果他们的家人鼓励他们接受这份工作，他们将能够克服这些困难。take up是固定短语，意为“接受(工作、挑战等)”，符合句意。故填up。 58．考查定语从句。句意：在太空中度过一段时间有很多好处。“ 8 come from a period of time in space”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词advantages，指物，关系词将其代入从句中作主语，用关系代词that或which引导从句。故填that/which。 59．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：但出于健康原因，只允许停留三年，因为疾病和停留时间之间的联系可能很紧密。allow(允许)是谓语动词，与主语“one stay of three years”之间是被动关系，且此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是单数名词，谓语用单数形式。故填is allowed。 60．考查冠词。句意：但出于健康原因，只允许停留三年，因为疾病和停留时间之间的联系可能很紧密。此处特指“疾病和停留时间之间的联系”，应用定冠词the限定。故填the。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The extravehicular (舱外的) spacesuit B was worn by astronaut Chen Dong on August 15 during the third series of extravehicular activities (EVAs) of the Shenzhou-20 crew aboard China’s orbiting space station. The suit thus became the first 61 its kind on China’s space station 62 (meet) the goal of supporting 20 EVAs within 4 years. 63 space station spacesuit B has been worn by 11 astronauts across eight manned space tasks, according to Zhang Wanxin from the China Astronaut Research and Training Center. An extravehicular spacesuit is essential equipment for astronauts during EVAs in space, ensuring their safety and 64 (enable) efficient operations outside the cabin (舱室). The second-generation Feitian extravehicular spacesuit on China’s space station 65 (have) a three-year service life in orbit, during 66 period it can be used for at least 15 EVAs, according to its design standards. China’s space station extravehicular spacesuit is the first flight product in China to perform in-orbit lifespan 67 (assess) and extended use. On July 15, Tianzhou-9 cargo craft delivered new supplies to China’s space station, including two sets of second-generation Feitian extravehicular spacesuits, 68 (label) D and E. Compared to the country’s first-generation Feitian spacesuits for spacewalks, the second-generation suits feature key technological advances. They have a 69 (long) lifespan. Besides, they are safer and more 70 (rely), and support astronauts’ operations more efficiently, providing strong support for EVAs during the construction and operation of China’s space station, according to Zhang. 【答案】 61．of 62．to meet 63．The 64．enabling 65．has 66．which 67．assessment 68．labeled/ labelled 69．longer 70．reliable 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国空间站舱外航天服的相关情况，包括其使用记录、功能作用、设计标准、技术升级，以及天舟九号货运飞船为空间站运送新一代航天服的信息。 61．考查介词。句意：该航天服因此成为中国空间站首个同类产品，实现了4年内支持20次出舱活动的目标。“of its kind”为固定短语，意为“同类的；这种类型的”，用于修饰名词“the first”，符合语境。故填of。 62．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。句中已有谓语动词became，所以此处应用meet的非谓语动词形式，当名词前有the first、the only等修饰时，常用动词不定式作定语，所以此处应用meet的不定式形式，修饰前面的名词kind。故填to meet。 63．考查冠词。句意：中国航天员科研训练中心的张万新表示，舱外航天服B已伴随8次载人航天任务，供11名航天员穿着使用。此处特指前文提到的“space station spacesuit B”，应用定冠词the修饰，且位于句首首字母需大写。故填The。 64．考查非谓语动词。句意：舱外航天服是航天员在太空出舱活动中的必备装备，既能保障航天员安全，又能助力舱外高效作业。句中已有谓语动词“is”，所以此处应用enable的非谓语动词形式，因其与逻辑主语“An extravehicular spacesuit”之间为主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式与“ensuring”并列作状语。故填enabling。 65．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：据设计标准，中国空间站第二代“飞天”舱外航天服在轨道上的使用寿命为3年，期间至少可支持15次出舱活动。根据上下文语境可知，此处描述航天服的设计标准这一客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语“the second-generation Feitian extravehicular spacesuit”为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填has。 66．考查定语从句。句意：同上。此处为“介词 + 关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是“a three-year service life”，指物，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰“period”，应用which引导，during which period表示“在这段期间内”。故填which。 67．考查名词。句意：中国空间站舱外航天服是国内首个实现在轨寿命评估与延长使用的飞行产品。根据空格前的“lifespan”和空后的并列结构“and extended use”可知，此处应用assess的名词形式assessment作宾语，lifespan assessment意为“寿命评估”，为固定搭配。故填assessment。 68．考查非谓语动词。句意：7月15日，天舟九号货运飞船向中国空间站运送了新的物资，其中包括两套第二代“飞天”舱外航天服，分别标注为D和E。句中已有谓语动词“delivered”，所以此处应用label的非谓语动词形式，因其被修饰的名词“(two sets of second-generation Feitian extravehicular) spacesuits”之间为被动关系，即航天服被标注，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填label(l)ed。 69．考查形容词比较级。句意：它们的使用寿命更长。根据前文“Compared to the country’s first-generation Feitian spacesuits”可知，此处是将第二代航天服与第一代对比，应用long的比较级形式longer，表“更长的”。故填longer。 70．考查形容词。句意：此外，张万新表示，它们更安全、更可靠，能更高效地支持航天员作业，为中国空间站建造和运营阶段的出舱活动提供有力保障。根据空格前的系动词“are”和“safer and more”可知，此处应用rely的形容词形式reliable作表语，与“safer”并列，意为“可靠的”。故填reliable。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Space Exploration 重点单词变形，短语，句型，语法练习 单词变形 1．intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→ n．智慧 2．determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的→ vt.查明；确定；决定→ n．决心；果断 3．disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→ vt.使失望→ adj.令人失望的 → n．失望；沮丧 4．desire n．渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望→ adj.渴望的，想要的 5．independent adj.独立的；自立的→ adv.独立地；自立地 → n．独立；自立→ vi.依靠 6．lack vt.缺乏；没有 n．缺乏；短缺→ adj.缺乏的；不足的 7．argue vt.& vi.论证；争辩；争论→ n．争论；争吵；论点 8．analysis n．(对事物的)分析；分析结果→ v．分析 9．regular adj.定期的；经常的；正常的→ adv.有规律地；经常；定期地 10．limited adj.有限的→ adj.无限的→ vt.& n．限制 一、单句语法填空 1．The man hurried to his house, only (tell) that his son had been lost. 2．We had an (argue) with the waiter about the bill. 3．His detailed (analyze) of the poem revealed hidden themes of loneliness. 4．The chef has thrown himself into Chinese cuisine (enhance) his cooking skills. 5．Moving slowly through the National Gallery, I was (determine) to keep my smartphone in my bag and appreciate each individual painting with the best camera in the world: my own eyes. 6．Finally, the music takes a softer turn and ends on a bittersweet note, telling us how the couple transform into butterflies and fly away (be) together forever. 7．As long as you eat a balanced diet and exercise (regular), you can become a strong and healthy person. 8．He is always the first person (leave). 9．My grandma was the last person (know) about our family trip. We wanted to surprise her. 10．The new sports (facility) are very amazing. 11．There are many useful (resource) in our school library. 12．We gave the enemy a (fate) blow. 13．Heart rate (monitor) will let you know how hard you’re working. 14．…we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to (globe) change... 15．A child has a strong (attach) to its parents. 16．It is (universe) acknowledged that wealth doesn't necessarily mean happiness. 17．All the (procedure) must be done in the correct order. 18．Clearly, (satellite) are not just for rocket scientists anymore. 19． (pattern) of language learning and language use are complex. 20．Primary schooling became (universe) only in the 1990s. 21．It is one of the great unsolved (mystery) of this century. 22．He must sell the house for the (currency) market value. 23．It is wrong to misuse our natural (resource). 24．Illegally parked (vehicle) will be removed. 25．Genes are (transmit) from one generation to another. 26．There are some (agency) now specializing in helping older people to find jobs which pay. 27．Not only are (soap) effective, but they are also cheap. 28．It is not easy to draw a conclusion without (sufficiency) evidence. 29．As time becomes (limit) and school work begins to pile up, many students start to feel much stressed. 30．AI does not have only threats to humans, but it can also work with us (solve) big problems. 二、单词拼写 31．It was a really heated (争吵, 争论) and in fact they were shouting at each other. 32．Surprisingly, two (独立) research bodies reached the same conclusions. 33．Among all the (设施) in the school, the library caught my attention immediately. 34．The Internet is often used as a and as a tool for distance learning. (资源) 35．Working out (定期) helps a lot to reduce one’s tiredness and anxiety. 36．I was really (失望的) at the result of the game. 37．Astronaut learn how to use space equipment, doing many (精神的) and physical training. 38．We must find a way to (克服) these technical challenges. 39．The children showed great (渴望，热切) to open their presents on Christmas morning. 40．Languages have always been evolving to keep up to date with (当前的) global trends. 三、完成句子 41．听到比赛被取消, 她一脸失望地走出了球场。 Hearing the game was canceled, she and walked off the court. 42．如果她继续这样下去，最终会发现自己一个朋友都没有。 She'll find herself with no friends at all if she carries behaving like this. 43．如果你等到把一切都弄明白了才开始行动，那你永远开始不了。 If you wait to figure everything before starting anything, you’ll never get started. 44．在店的另一侧，那里挂满了各种款式的衣服，供亨利挑选. In another part of the shop, for Henry to choose from. 45．接着，他把钞票对折起来，然后又慢慢摊开，好像在看一个他不相信存在的东西。 Then he folds the bill and slowly unfolds it again, he can’t believe is there. 46．正是你慷慨的帮助，我坚信我会尽快地适应大学生活的。 I firmly believe that I will adapt to the college life as soon as possible. 47．总而言之，太空探索给世界带来了种种好处。 many different benefits. 48．我很抱歉不能参加你的生日会，因为我有一件重要的事要处理。 I'm sorry for not being able to attend your birthday party, for I . 49．科学博物馆利用其校外环境的地位，为我们提供探索太空的最新消息。（不定式短语作状语） The science museum uses its position as an out-of-school environment . 50．每个人都渴望成功，而成功只属于努力的人。 Everyone while success only belongs to the hard-working people. “Why are you unwilling to accept this opportunity in space? Have you read the 51 (describe) carefully?” Wang Ping asked 52 (I). “You will live in a 53 (furnish) house with all modern equipment and robots will be able to clarify any problems. You are only needed to become familiar with the administration and rules for such a project. It will be an 54 (enjoy) experience for you.” Many people need to be reminded of the job opportunities in space stations, which 55 (constant) need space cooks, cleaners, teachers, stewards (乘务员) and stewardesses. You can be swiftly trained for your new job from using previous skills. At first, people may find it difficult 56 (tolerate) the new surroundings. However, they will be able to overcome the difficulties if their families encourage them to take 57 the job. There are lots of advantages 58 come from a period of time in space. But for health reasons only one stay of three years 59 (allow), because 60 link between illness and length of stay may be strong. It is a little disappointing, but the rules cannot be changed for anyone. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The extravehicular (舱外的) spacesuit B was worn by astronaut Chen Dong on August 15 during the third series of extravehicular activities (EVAs) of the Shenzhou-20 crew aboard China’s orbiting space station. The suit thus became the first 61 its kind on China’s space station 62 (meet) the goal of supporting 20 EVAs within 4 years. 63 space station spacesuit B has been worn by 11 astronauts across eight manned space tasks, according to Zhang Wanxin from the China Astronaut Research and Training Center. An extravehicular spacesuit is essential equipment for astronauts during EVAs in space, ensuring their safety and 64 (enable) efficient operations outside the cabin (舱室). The second-generation Feitian extravehicular spacesuit on China’s space station 65 (have) a three-year service life in orbit, during 66 period it can be used for at least 15 EVAs, according to its design standards. China’s space station extravehicular spacesuit is the first flight product in China to perform in-orbit lifespan 67 (assess) and extended use. On July 15, Tianzhou-9 cargo craft delivered new supplies to China’s space station, including two sets of second-generation Feitian extravehicular spacesuits, 68 (label) D and E. Compared to the country’s first-generation Feitian spacesuits for spacewalks, the second-generation suits feature key technological advances. They have a 69 (long) lifespan. Besides, they are safer and more 70 (rely), and support astronauts’ operations more efficiently, providing strong support for EVAs during the construction and operation of China’s space station, according to Zhang. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $