Unit 2 Morals and Virtues重点单词变形，语法，短语，句型练习-2025-2026学年高一英语人教版必修第三册

Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 重点单词变形，短语，句型，语法练习 单词变形 1．marriage n．结婚；婚姻→marry vt.(和某人)结婚；嫁；娶 2．majority n．大部分；大多数→major adj.主要的 vi.主修 n．主修课程 3．complain vi.& vt.抱怨；发牢骚→complaint n．抱怨；投诉 4．respond vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应；回应→response n．反应；回答；回复 5．scholarship n．奖学金→scholar n．学者 6．reject vt.拒绝接受；不录用→rejection n．拒绝接受；否决 7．appoint vt.任命；委派→appointment n．约会；任命；委任→appointed adj.约定的；指定的 8．elect vt.选举；推选→election n．选举；推选；当选 9．scared adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→scare vt.惊吓；使害怕 vi.受惊吓→scary adj.令人恐惧的 10．energetic adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的→energy n．精力；活力；能量 11．accident n．事故；车祸；失事→accidental adj.意外的；偶然的→accidentally adv.偶然地 12．operation n．手术；企业；经营→operate vt.& vi.做手术； 经营；操作；运转 13．assist vt.帮助；援助→assistant n．助理；助手→assistance n．帮助；援助 14．harm n．& vt.伤害；损害→harmful adj.有害的→harmfully adv.有害地→harmless adj.无害的 一、单句语法填空 1．Teenagers might respond to their parents’ (reject) of their puppy love with resistance. 【答案】rejection 【详解】考查名词。句意：青少年可能会对父母对他们早恋的拒绝进行抵抗。parents’后跟名词，reject的名词是rejection，是不可数名词，意为“拒绝”，故填rejection。 2．The company provides advice and (assist) in finding work. 【答案】assistance 【详解】考查名词。句意：这家公司为找工作提供建议和帮助。根据provides advice and可知，空处应用名词assistance（不可数），与advice并列，作宾语。故填assistance。 3．It made me realize that cinema could be about ordinary people and their (dilemma). 【答案】dilemmas 【详解】考查名词的复数。句意：这让我意识到，电影可以聚焦普通人以及他们所面临的困境。dilemma是可数名词，不止一个，因此用复数，故填dilemmas。 4．Her (fable) are stolen from foreign writers. 【答案】fables 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：她的寓言是从外国作家那里偷来的。fable意为“寓言”，为可数名词，结合are可知，这里表示复数，应用fables在句中作主语。故填fables。 5．They managed (scare) the bears away. 【答案】to scare 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：他们设法把熊吓跑了。manage to do sth.“设法做成某事”为固定搭配。故填to scare。 6．Behind him followed the (physician) and some servants. 【答案】physicians 【详解】考查名词的复数。句意：医生和几个仆人跟在他后面。physician是可数名词，由并列名词servants可知，空格处用复数，表示不止一个，故填physicians。 7．Their (marry) is very traditional. 【答案】marriage 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们的婚姻非常传统。根据Their可知，空处为marry的名词marriage，意为“婚姻”，根据is可知应用单数作主语。故填marriage。 8．Instead of working hard to create some chances, these people wait (passive) for the arrival of success. 【答案】passively 【详解】考查副词。句意：这些人不是努力工作去创造机会，而是被动地等待成功的到来。修饰动词wait应用副词。故填passively。 9．She has always remained loyal to her political (principle). 【答案】principles 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：她一直忠于自己的政治原则。principle意为“原则”，在句中作宾语。这里表示泛指，且空前没有表示数量的限定词修饰，所以用名词复数principles。故填principles。 10．The committee is made up of a chairman, two vice (chairman) and other council members. 【答案】chairmen 【详解】考查名词。句意：委员会由一名主席、两名副主席和其他理事会成员组成。分析句子可知，“is made up of”后应用名词，作宾语，“chairman”意为“主席”，为可数名词，“two”后应接其复数形式“chairmen”。故填chairmen。 11． (hire) more campus police would cost money, possibly making our tuition go up again. 【答案】Hiring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：雇更多的校园警察需要花钱，可能会让我们的学费再次上涨。“_____ (hire) more campus police”在句中作主语，且hire和more campus police之间是动宾关系，所以空处应用动名词，句首单词首字母大写。故填Hiring。 12． an important decision on emotion, you will regret it sooner or later. (base) 【答案】Basing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：凭感情做一个重要的决定，你迟早会后悔的。句中已有谓语动词will regret，设空处应用非谓语动词作状语；逻辑主语you与base之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式作状语，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Basing。 13． (step) out of the station with a heavy heart, I suddenly felt a fresh wind on my face.   【答案】Stepping 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：怀着沉重的心情走出车站，我突然感到脸上有一阵清新的风。句子的谓语动词是felt，“(step) out of the station with a heavy heart”作伴随状语，step(跨步，迈步)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语I之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词表主动；句首单词首字母大写。故填Stepping。 14． (fortunately), the salary was not enough for him to support his family. 【答案】Unfortunately 【详解】考查副词。句意：不幸的是，这份薪水不足以让他养家糊口。所给词fortunately是副词，意为“幸运地”。根据语境“薪水不够养家”可知，此处需表达否定含义，其反义词“unfortunately (不幸地)”符合句意，且位于句首需大写首字母。故填 Unfortunately。 15．Rubbish can be changed into (harm) things. 【答案】harmless 【详解】考查形容词。句意：垃圾可以被转化为无害的物质。根据空格后的名词things可知，此处应该用形容词修饰名词，再根据上文的changed可知，此处用形容词harmless作定语表示转化为“无害的”物质。故填harmless。 16．The on-lookers saw the big fire (burn) brightly in the high building. 【答案】burning 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：旁观者看到高楼里的大火熊熊燃烧。句中已有谓语动词saw，空处在句中应用非谓语动词形式，fire与burn构成主动关系，应用现在分词作宾语补足语，且表示动作正在进行。故填burning。 17． (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new. 【答案】Having visited 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的10年里，我去过几次，对新旧共存感到惊讶。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语动词，结合“over the last 10 years”可知，visit“拜访”的动作先于谓语动作发生，对其有影响，因此用visit的现在分词完成式having visited，作状语，且句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Having visited。 18．Many students like to spend time (memory) English vocabulary. 【答案】memorizing 【详解】考查动名词。句意：许多学生喜欢花时间记忆英语词汇。spend time (in) doing sth.为固定表达，意为“花费时间做某事”，memory对应的动词是memorize。要把memorize变为 -ing 形式memorizing。故填memorizing。 19．People started queuing to make an (appoint) early in the morning. 【答案】appointment 【详解】考查名词。句意：人们一大早就开始排队预约了。作动词的宾语，用名词appointment，不定冠词提示用单数。故填appointment。 20．A similar process is at work in our (respond) to information. 【答案】response 【详解】考查名词。句意：类似的过程也在我们对信息的反应中起作用。空处作in的宾语，被our修饰，名词response符合题意，意为“反应”，短语in response to意为“作为对……的反应；作为对……的答复”。故填response。 21．The letter arrived, (congratulate) me on/upon my graduation from the university. 【答案】congratulating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那封信到了，祝贺我从大学毕业。此处congratulate与letter构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，故填congratulating。 22．The prices of vegetables are reported to have a (tend) to increase in some cities. 【答案】tendency 【详解】考查名词。句意：据报道，一些城市的蔬菜价格有上涨的趋势。此处位于不定冠词“a”后，需用名词单数形式，tend是动词，意为“倾向于”，其名词形式是tendency，意为“趋势”，符合语境。故填tendency。 23．How can you sit inside (play) games all day? Isn’t there anything more important you can do with your time? 【答案】playing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你怎么能整天坐在屋里玩游戏呢？你就不能用你的时间做更重要的事吗？句子主干成分完整，空处的行为和谓语行为同时发生，空处作伴随状语，play“玩”和you逻辑上是主动关系，因此用play的现在分词形式。故填playing。 24．The story (illustrate) the importance of honesty. 【答案】illustrates 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这个故事阐明了诚实的重要性。句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语The story为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填illustrates。 25．The doctor faced a moral (dilemma) when treating the patient. 【答案】dilemma 【详解】考查名词。句意：医生在治疗该患者时面临道德上的两难境地。分析句子可知，此空应填可数名词单数作宾语，dilemma，为可数名词，意为“两难境地；困境”，在句中作faced的宾语，且a moral dilemma，为固定搭配，表示“一个道德困境”，符合语境。故填dilemma。 26．The (major) of people prefer to pay by Alipay, especially the youth. 【答案】majority 【详解】考查名词。句意：大多数人更喜欢用支付宝付款，尤其是年轻人。提示词作主语，用名词majority，意为“大多数”；the majority of是固定短语，意为“大多数……”。故填majority。 27．Sarah has been told that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, (earn) a million dollars in the new year. 【答案】earning 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：莎拉被告知，她可能成为英国新的超级名模，在新的一年里能赚到一百万美元。句中已有谓语动词has been told，所以空处应使用非谓语动词形式，earn与句子主语Sarah之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然产生的结果。故填earning。 28． (compare) our products to those of our competitors, we are full of confidence. 【答案】Comparing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：与竞争对手的产品相比，我们的产品充满了信心。本句已有谓语动词are，所以compare用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语we之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Comparing。 29．An important lecture (give) tomorrow, the headmaster has to stay up late into the night. 【答案】to be given 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：因为明天有一个重要的讲座要进行，校长不得不熬夜到很晚。句中已有谓语has to stay，空处作非谓语动词，根据tomorrow可知，give这一动作发生在将来，应用动词不定式形式，且give与逻辑主语An important lecture之间是被动关系，所以使用动词不定式的被动式，构成独立主格结构。故填to be given。 30．He struck him with a (might) blow across his shoulder. 【答案】mighty 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他给了他的肩膀重重的一击。形容词mighty“强有力的”作定语，修饰名词blow。故填mighty。 二、单词拼写 31．You need to give some examples to (阐明) this difficult point. 【答案】illustrate 【详解】考查动词。句意：你需要举一些例子来阐明这一难点。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“阐明”应用illustrate，为动词，且这里应用原形与前面to构成不定式。故填illustrate。 32． (道德的) principles exist in every culture of the world. 【答案】Moral 【详解】考查形容词。句意：世界上的每一种文化中都存在道德准则。根据汉语提示“道德的”可知，此处为形容词moral，作定语修饰名词principles，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Moral。 33．The exhibition displays (宝贵的) cultural relics of several dynasties. 【答案】precious 【详解】考查形容词。句意：展览展出了几个朝代的珍贵文物。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要形容词precious (宝贵的)，在句中作定语修饰后面的名词短语cultural relics。故填precious。 34．The company to which she applied last month hasn't (回复) yet. 【答案】responded 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：她上个月申请的那家公司还没有回应。根据汉语提示和句意可知，应填动词respond，由前文的hasn't可知，用现在完成时，故填responded。 35．A city is the product of the human mind, (反映) man’s intelligence and creativity. 【答案】reflecting 【详解】考查动词。句意：城市是人类思想的产物，反映了人类的智慧和创造力。表示“反映”使用动词reflect，reflect的逻辑主语是前面的句子，两者之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填reflecting。 36．Honesty and kindness are among the most important （美德)in life. 【答案】virtues 【详解】考查名词。句意：诚实和善良是生活中最重要的美德。根据单词汉语提示及空前的Honesty and kindness are among the most important可知应填名词复数形式virtues，作宾语，故填virtues。 37．The routine tasks (占用) most of the day are demanding but extremely rewarding. 【答案】occupying 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：占据了一天大部分时间的例行任务要求很高，但却非常值得。“占用”用动词occupy；“(occupy) most of the day”作后置定语修饰名词短语The routine tasks，occupy是非谓语动词，The routine tasks与occupy之间是逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填occupying。 38．My aunt came to see me, (试图) to persuade me to change my mind. 【答案】attempting 【详解】考查动词。句意：我姑姑来看我，试图说服我改变主意。表示“试图”使用动词attempt，attempt和逻辑主语My aunt之间是主动关系，使用现在分词作状语，故填attempting。 39．Remove the skin and place them in (塑料的) bags or containers and freeze. 【答案】plastic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：去皮，然后将它们放入塑料袋或塑料容器中，再冷冻起来。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词plastic，修饰名词bags or containers，作定语。故填plastic。 40．The employees must pass an intelligence test before being (雇用) by the boss. 【答案】hired 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：雇员在被老板雇用之前必须通过智力测验。表示“雇用”用动词hire，结合句意可知，before后应用动名词的被动形式作宾语，表示“被雇用”，故空处应用hire的过去分词形式hired。故填hired。 三、完成句子 41．猫咪陪伴着她，老妇人欣赏着日落，她的微笑流露出内心的宁静。 With her cat , the elderly lady enjoyed the sunset, her smile reflecting inner peace. 【答案】 keeping her company 【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意，表示“陪伴着她”为keep her company，此处为“with+宾语+宾补”结构，keep与her cat之间为主动关系，所以此处动词为现在分词形式。故填①keeping②her③company。 42．端午节是为了纪念屈原。 The dragon Boat Festival is celebrated Qu Yuan. 【答案】 in honor/ memory of 【详解】考查固定短语。汉语句中的“为了纪念”应使用介词短语in honor of或in memory of，这一短语可用于表示为了纪念或尊敬某人或某事而进行的活动或行为。故填in honor/memory of。 43．记录自己的进展后，她对实现目标更有信心了。 her progress, she felt more confident about achieving her goals. 【答案】 Keeping track   of 【详解】考查固定短语、非谓语动词。空格处意为“记录”，用固定短语keep track of，句中谓语是felt，空格处用非谓语动词，she和keep track of之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填①Keeping②track③of。 44．他的爱好很广泛，从阅读到打篮球(他都喜欢)。 Her hobbies are diverse, . 【答案】ranging from reading to playing basketball 【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定短语。“Her hobbies are diverse”是完整的句子，后面“从阅读到打篮球”在句中作状语，“从…… 到……”常用固定短语“from...to...”，“阅读”是reading，“打篮球”是“playing basketball”，表示“从…… 到……（的范围）”含义的表达为“range from...to...”，这里hobbies 和 range之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用现在分词作状语，故填ranging from reading to playing basketball。 45．罗言的儿子博峰美滋滋地咬了一口爷爷给挑好的鸡肉。 Luo Yan’s son, Bofeng, happily the chicken his grandfather has selected for him. 【答案】 takes a bite of 【详解】考查短语和时态。“咬了一口”为take a bite of，陈述现在的情况，用一般现在时，主语为Luo Yan’s son，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填takes a bite of。 46．那个男人躺在草坪上，反思着那天发生的事情。 The man was lying on the grass, what happened that day. 【答案】 reflecting on 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“反思”使用动词短语reflect on，和逻辑主语man之间是主动关系，使用现在分词作状语，故填①reflecting②on。 47．大多数学生每周进行1-3小时的体育活动，占60%。 The majority of students engage in physical activity for 1 to 3 hours per week, . 【答案】accounting for 60% 【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“占60%”应用account for 60%，此处为非谓语动词作状语，account for和The majority of students为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填accounting for 60%。 48．我们发现一个男人躺在地上。 We found a man . 【答案】lying on the ground 【详解】考查现在分词。发现某人正在做某事为find sb doing，现在分词作find的宾语补足语，躺lie，现在分词lying，在地上译为“on the ground”，故填lying on the ground。 49．谈到人际关系，我自然会想到我和母亲的关系。 , I’d naturally think of my relationship with my mother. 【答案】Talking about personal relationships 【详解】考查现在分词。根据句意，此处表示“谈到”为talk about，此处为非谓语动词作状语，talk about与逻辑主语I之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式作状语，表示“人际关系”为personal relationships作宾语，位于句首单词首字母需大写。故填Talking about personal relationships。 50．他从包里拿出一些画笔，挑了一只合适的，专心致志地画画。 , he chose a suitable one and concentrated on painting. 【答案】Taking a bunch of brushes from his bag 【详解】考查现在分词短语作状语、量词短语和名词。通过对比汉语原句与所给英文句子可知，需按要求处理为现在分词短语作状语的部分为“他从包里拿出一些画笔”。其中“从包里拿出”译为动词短语take…from his bag。句中已有谓语动词chose and concentrated，因此应将take…from his bag中的动词take处理为非谓语动词，又因这一动作与逻辑主语he之间为主动关系，故应使用现在分词作状语。“一些”可译为量词短语a bunch of，“画笔”可使用可数名词brush，。故填Taking a bunch of brushes from his bag。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Zhao Yue will never forget the summer day in 2014 when her 5-year-old son, who has autism, said the word “grandpa” in a clear voice. It was the first time Lun Lun 51 (call) out to a relative. When the boy 52 (send) to the Little Turtle children’s services center in Shenyang, he had been entirely isolated in his own world. Teachers at the center spent three years 53 (train) Lun Lun to dress 54 (he), use the toilet, and eat with a spoon, repeating their lessons thousands of times before sending him to a special education school. Lun Lun is not the first child 55 (benefit) from the Little Turtle center. “We hope to help children like Lun Lun adapt 56 (smooth) to special education schools,” says Sun Lina, the center’s founder. Over the 18 years since its 57 (establish), the institution has expanded from a small classroom to a center with 54 teachers capable of helping more than 300 children each year. Sun still remembers the despair in the eyes of parents back in the 2000s, 58 there were few specialized institutions to help autistic children. In 2012, She learned about the One Foundation, 59 non-governmental organization with programs for autism, and later became its first partner in Northeast China. Recently, authorities and volunteers have also been working to assist children with the condition. 60 growing awareness and joint efforts, more children like Lun Lun are finding their voices and a path toward an inclusive future. 【答案】 51．had called 52．was sent 53．training 54．himself 55．to benefit 56．smoothly 57．establishment 58．when 59．a 60．With 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了沈阳“小乌龟”儿童服务中心帮助自闭症儿童融入社会的故事。 51．考查时态。句意：这是Lun Lun第一次开口叫亲人。It was the first time that sb. had done sth.为固定句型，意为“这是某人第一次做某事”，空处需填过去完成时。故填had called。 52．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：当这个男孩被送到沈阳小乌龟儿童服务中心时，他完全沉浸在自己的世界里。此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，主语the boy和send为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填was sent。 53．考查非谓语动词。句意：中心的老师们花了三年时间训练Lun Lun自己穿衣服、上厕所、用勺子吃饭，在把他送到特殊教育学校之前，这些课程重复了成千上万次。spend time (in) doing sth.为固定短语，意为“花费时间做某事”，空处需填动名词作宾语。故填training。 54．考查代词。句意同上。dress oneself表示“自己穿衣服”，强调动作的执行者是主语本身。主语是“Lun Lun”（男孩），故用反身代词himself。故填himself。 55．考查非谓语动词。句意：Lun Lun不是第一个从小乌龟中心受益的孩子。名词child由序数词the first修饰，需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to benefit。 56．考查副词。句意：“我们希望帮助像Lun Lun这样的孩子顺利适应特殊教育学校，”该中心创始人孙丽娜说。修饰动词adapt需用副词smoothly作状语。故填smoothly。 57．考查名词。句意：自成立18年来，该机构已从一间小教室发展成为拥有54名教师的中心，每年能够帮助300多名儿童。its为形容词性物主代词，后面需加名词，establishment意为“成立”，是抽象名词，不可数。故填establishment。 58．考查定语从句。句意：孙丽娜仍然记得2000年代家长们眼中的绝望，那时几乎没有专门帮助自闭症儿童的机构。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词the 2000s，在定语从句中作时间状语，需用关系副词when引导。故填when。 59．考查冠词。句意：2012年，她了解到壹基金——一个致力于自闭症项目的非政府组织，后来成为其在东北地区的首个合作伙伴。organization为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且non-governmental发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 60．考查介词。句意：随着意识的增强和共同的努力，越来越多像Lun Lun这样的孩子正在找到自己的声音，并走向一个包容的未来。with为介词，意为“随着”，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填With。 语法填空 I graduated from the Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine in 1994, and 61 (work) in orthopedics (骨科) for 26 years by the time I took part in 62 Chinese Medical Volunteers tour in Yushu, Qinghai province in August 2020. Then, I used TCM approaches, such as acupuncture and 63 (herb) patches (贴片) on acupuncture points to treat a variety of health problems, including knee injuries, aching muscles and sharp pains. These conditions are 64 (primary) caused by the local people’s herding practices and the tough environment 65 they live, and are also associated with some of their unhealthy living habits. TCM methods can only relieve the pain for a short time, and sometimes they are unable to address the fundamental causes. So, I suggested that Chinese Medical Volunteers perform surgeries locally 66 bring the patients to better developed regions for treatment. The plan came to fruition, and we successfully completed surgeries on 21 patients. One surgery had to 67 (cancel) because the patient had severe heart failure. As the head of the surgical team, I was 68 a lot of pressure because we were responsible for ensuring the safety of every patient, 69 (rid) them of their pain and improving their quality of life. The goal of our action was not just to conduct surgeries, but also 70 (provide) local medical workers with hands - on training, so local villagers would still be able to access quality treatment conveniently after we left. 【答案】 61．had worked 62．the 63．herbal 64．primarily 65．where 66．or 67．be cancelled 68．under 69．ridding 70．to provide 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为山西中医药大学的毕业生，在骨科工作26年后，参与青海玉树中国医疗志愿者巡诊的经历，包括使用中医方法治疗当地居民、提出手术建议以及作为手术团队负责人的压力与目标等。 61．考查动词时态。句意：我于1994年毕业于山西中医药大学，到2020年8月参加青海玉树中国医疗志愿者巡诊时，已经在骨科工作了26年。根据时间状语“by the time I took part in”可知，此处描述的是过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作，应使用过去完成时。故填had worked。 62．考查冠词。句意：同上。此处特指“中国医疗志愿者巡诊”这一活动，因此用定冠词“the”。故填the。 63．考查形容词。句意：然后，我使用中医方法，如针灸和穴位上的草药贴片来治疗各种健康问题，包括膝盖受伤、肌肉酸痛和剧痛。“patches”是名词，需要用形容词作定语来修饰，“herb”的形容词形式是“herbal”，意为“草药的”。故填herbal。 64．考查副词。句意：这些情况主要是由当地居民的放牧习惯和他们生活的艰苦环境造成的，也与他们的一些不健康生活习惯有关。“caused”是动词，需要用副词来修饰，“primary”的副词形式是“primarily”，意为“主要地”。故填primarily。 65．考查定语从句。句意：同上。此处为定语从句，先行词是“the tough environment”，在从句中作地点状语，因此用关系副词“where”引导。故填where。 66．考查连词。句意：因此，我建议中国医疗志愿者在当地进行手术，或者将病人带到更发达的地区进行治疗。根据句意可知，此处表示两种选择的关系，因此用连词“or”连接。故填or。 67．考查被动语态。句意：有一台手术不得不取消，因为病人患有严重的心力衰竭。“cancel”与“One surgery”之间是被动关系，即“手术被取消”，且句子描述的是过去的事情，因此用一般过去时的被动语态，且had to后应接动词原形。故填be cancelled。 68．考查介词。句意：作为手术团队的负责人，我承受着很大的压力，因为我们要负责确保每位患者的安全，消除他们的痛苦，提高他们的生活质量。“under pressure”是固定短语，意为“在压力下”。故填under。 69．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处与“ensuring the safety of every patient”和“improving their quality of life”并列，作介词“for”的宾语，因此用rid的动名词形式。故填ridding。 70．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们行动的目标不仅仅是进行手术，还包括为当地的医务人员提供实践培训，这样在我们离开后，当地村民仍然能够方便地获得高质量的治疗。“not just...but also...”连接两个并列的成分，此处与“to conduct surgeries”并列，因此用不定式“to provide”作表语。故填to provide。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Morals and Virtues 重点单词变形，短语，句型，语法练习 单词变形 1．marriage n．结婚；婚姻→ vt.(和某人)结婚；嫁；娶 2．majority n．大部分；大多数→ adj.主要的 vi.主修 n．主修课程 3．complain vi.& vt.抱怨；发牢骚→ n．抱怨；投诉 4．respond vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应；回应→ n．反应；回答；回复 5．scholarship n．奖学金→ n．学者 6．reject vt.拒绝接受；不录用→ n．拒绝接受；否决 7．appoint vt.任命；委派→ n．约会；任命；委任→ adj.约定的；指定的 8．elect vt.选举；推选→ n．选举；推选；当选 9．scared adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→ vt.惊吓；使害怕 vi.受惊吓 → adj.令人恐惧的 10．energetic adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的→ n．精力；活力；能量 11．accident n．事故；车祸；失事→ adj.意外的；偶然的→ adv.偶然地 12．operation n．手术；企业；经营→ vt.& vi.做手术； 经营；操作；运转 13．assist vt.帮助；援助→ n．助理；助手→ n．帮助；援助 14．harm n．& vt.伤害；损害→ adj.有害的→ adv.有害地→ adj.无害的 一、单句语法填空 1．Teenagers might respond to their parents’ (reject) of their puppy love with resistance. 2．The company provides advice and (assist) in finding work. 3．It made me realize that cinema could be about ordinary people and their (dilemma). 4．Her (fable) are stolen from foreign writers. 5．They managed (scare) the bears away. 6．Behind him followed the (physician) and some servants. 7．Their (marry) is very traditional. 8．Instead of working hard to create some chances, these people wait (passive) for the arrival of success. 9．She has always remained loyal to her political (principle). 10．The committee is made up of a chairman, two vice (chairman) and other council members. 11． (hire) more campus police would cost money, possibly making our tuition go up again. 12． an important decision on emotion, you will regret it sooner or later. (base) 13． (step) out of the station with a heavy heart, I suddenly felt a fresh wind on my face.   14． (fortunately), the salary was not enough for him to support his family. 15．Rubbish can be changed into (harm) things. 16．The on-lookers saw the big fire (burn) brightly in the high building. 17． (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co-existence of old and new. 18．Many students like to spend time (memory) English vocabulary. 19．People started queuing to make an (appoint) early in the morning. 20．A similar process is at work in our (respond) to information. 21．The letter arrived, (congratulate) me on/upon my graduation from the university. 22．The prices of vegetables are reported to have a (tend) to increase in some cities. 23．How can you sit inside (play) games all day? Isn’t there anything more important you can do with your time? 24．The story (illustrate) the importance of honesty. 25．The doctor faced a moral (dilemma) when treating the patient. 26．The (major) of people prefer to pay by Alipay, especially the youth. 27．Sarah has been told that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, (earn) a million dollars in the new year. 28． (compare) our products to those of our competitors, we are full of confidence. 29．An important lecture (give) tomorrow, the headmaster has to stay up late into the night. 30．He struck him with a (might) blow across his shoulder. 二、单词拼写 31．You need to give some examples to (阐明) this difficult point. 32． (道德的) principles exist in every culture of the world. 33．The exhibition displays (宝贵的) cultural relics of several dynasties. 34．The company to which she applied last month hasn't (回复) yet. 35．A city is the product of the human mind, (反映) man’s intelligence and creativity. 36．Honesty and kindness are among the most important （美德)in life. 37．The routine tasks (占用) most of the day are demanding but extremely rewarding. 38．My aunt came to see me, (试图) to persuade me to change my mind. 39．Remove the skin and place them in (塑料的) bags or containers and freeze. 40．The employees must pass an intelligence test before being (雇用) by the boss. 三、完成句子 41．猫咪陪伴着她，老妇人欣赏着日落，她的微笑流露出内心的宁静。 With her cat , the elderly lady enjoyed the sunset, her smile reflecting inner peace. 42．端午节是为了纪念屈原。 The dragon Boat Festival is celebrated Qu Yuan. 43．记录自己的进展后，她对实现目标更有信心了。 her progress, she felt more confident about achieving her goals. 44．他的爱好很广泛，从阅读到打篮球(他都喜欢)。 Her hobbies are diverse, . 45．罗言的儿子博峰美滋滋地咬了一口爷爷给挑好的鸡肉。 Luo Yan’s son, Bofeng, happily the chicken his grandfather has selected for him. 46．那个男人躺在草坪上，反思着那天发生的事情。 The man was lying on the grass, what happened that day. 47．大多数学生每周进行1-3小时的体育活动，占60%。 The majority of students engage in physical activity for 1 to 3 hours per week, . 48．我们发现一个男人躺在地上。 We found a man . 49．谈到人际关系，我自然会想到我和母亲的关系。 , I’d naturally think of my relationship with my mother. 50．他从包里拿出一些画笔，挑了一只合适的，专心致志地画画。 , he chose a suitable one and concentrated on painting. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Zhao Yue will never forget the summer day in 2014 when her 5-year-old son, who has autism, said the word “grandpa” in a clear voice. It was the first time Lun Lun 51 (call) out to a relative. When the boy 52 (send) to the Little Turtle children’s services center in Shenyang, he had been entirely isolated in his own world. Teachers at the center spent three years 53 (train) Lun Lun to dress 54 (he), use the toilet, and eat with a spoon, repeating their lessons thousands of times before sending him to a special education school. Lun Lun is not the first child 55 (benefit) from the Little Turtle center. “We hope to help children like Lun Lun adapt 56 (smooth) to special education schools,” says Sun Lina, the center’s founder. Over the 18 years since its 57 (establish), the institution has expanded from a small classroom to a center with 54 teachers capable of helping more than 300 children each year. Sun still remembers the despair in the eyes of parents back in the 2000s, 58 there were few specialized institutions to help autistic children. In 2012, She learned about the One Foundation, 59 non-governmental organization with programs for autism, and later became its first partner in Northeast China. Recently, authorities and volunteers have also been working to assist children with the condition. 60 growing awareness and joint efforts, more children like Lun Lun are finding their voices and a path toward an inclusive future. 语法填空 I graduated from the Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine in 1994, and 61 (work) in orthopedics (骨科) for 26 years by the time I took part in 62 Chinese Medical Volunteers tour in Yushu, Qinghai province in August 2020. Then, I used TCM approaches, such as acupuncture and 63 (herb) patches (贴片) on acupuncture points to treat a variety of health problems, including knee injuries, aching muscles and sharp pains. These conditions are 64 (primary) caused by the local people’s herding practices and the tough environment 65 they live, and are also associated with some of their unhealthy living habits. TCM methods can only relieve the pain for a short time, and sometimes they are unable to address the fundamental causes. So, I suggested that Chinese Medical Volunteers perform surgeries locally 66 bring the patients to better developed regions for treatment. The plan came to fruition, and we successfully completed surgeries on 21 patients. One surgery had to 67 (cancel) because the patient had severe heart failure. As the head of the surgical team, I was 68 a lot of pressure because we were responsible for ensuring the safety of every patient, 69 (rid) them of their pain and improving their quality of life. The goal of our action was not just to conduct surgeries, but also 70 (provide) local medical workers with hands - on training, so local villagers would still be able to access quality treatment conveniently after we left. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $