内容正文:
2026 年中考英语长难句训练 10
原句:As the city carried out the "Eco-City Construction" plan where citizens plant trees and reduce plastic use, people found that the urban environment has improved so obviously that even rare birds have returned, which shows the value of collective efforts.(2025 福建)
一、句子成分与结构填空题(共 6 处)
句首 "As the city carried out the 'Eco-City Construction' plan" 是______从句,引导词是______,表示______关系。
"where citizens plant trees and reduce plastic use" 是______从句,引导词是______,修饰的先行词是______。
"that the urban environment has improved so obviously" 是______从句,由______引导,在主句中作______成分。
"that even rare birds have returned" 是______从句,核心结构是______,表示______关系(结果)。
"which shows the value of collective efforts" 是______从句,引导词是______,修饰的先行词是______(填整个句子或具体名词)。
主句的主语是______,谓语动词是______。
二、填空答案与解析
答案:时间状语;As;时间(随着……/ 当…… 时)解析:"As the city carried out..." 是时间状语从句,由 As 引导,表 “随着城市实施计划” 的时间关系,强调主句动作 "found" 与从句动作 "carried out" 同步推进,从句和主句均用一般过去时(carried out/found),符合过去发生的动作逻辑一致性。
答案:定语;where;plan解析:"where citizens plant trees and reduce plastic use" 是定语从句,关系副词 where 指代先行词 "plan",在从句中作地点状语,说明计划的实施内容(市民在计划中植树、减少塑料使用)。
答案:宾语;that;宾语解析:"that the urban environment has improved so obviously" 是宾语从句,由 that 引导,作主句谓语动词 "found" 的宾语,说明人们 “发现” 的内容,that 无实际意义仅起连接作用;从句用现在完成时(has improved),体现环境改善的结果持续到现在,与主句过去时不冲突(过去发现现在仍存在的结果)。
答案:结果状语;so...that...;结果(如此…… 以至于……)解析:"so obviously that even rare birds have returned" 是结果状语从句,核心结构为 "so + 副词(obviously)+ that...",表 “环境改善如此明显以至于稀有鸟类回归” 的结果关系,明确改善带来的显著成效。
答案:非限制性定语;which;整个主句(the urban environment...rare birds have returned)解析:"which shows the value of collective efforts" 是非限制性定语从句,关系代词 which 指代整个主句内容(环境改善、鸟类回归这件事),在从句中作主语,不可用 that 替换,强调该事实所体现的集体努力的价值;从句用一般现在时(shows),表客观存在的价值。
答案:people;found解析:主句为 "people found that...","people" 是动作发出者,作主语;"found" 是一般过去时谓语,体现 “城市实施计划后,人们当时的发现”,与从句动作(carried out)均发生在过去,时态一致。
三、句子结构成分详细分析
主句:people found that the urban environment has improved so obviously that even rare birds have returned, which shows the value of collective efforts
主语:people
谓语:found(一般过去时)
宾语:that 引导的宾语从句
嵌套成分:宾语从句中包含结果状语从句,主句后接非限制性定语从句
时间状语从句:As the city carried out the "Eco-City Construction" plan where citizens plant trees and reduce plastic use
引导词:As
主语:the city
谓语:carried out(一般过去时)
宾语:the "Eco-City Construction" plan
定语从句:where citizens plant trees and reduce plastic use(修饰 plan)
定语从句:where citizens plant trees and reduce plastic use
引导词:where(指代 plan,作地点状语)
主语:citizens
并列谓语:plant trees 和 reduce plastic use(一般现在时,表计划的常规要求)
宾语从句:that the urban environment has improved so obviously that even rare birds have returned
引导词:that
主语:the urban environment
谓语:has improved(现在完成时)
状语:so obviously
结果状语从句:that even rare birds have returned(修饰 improved 的程度结果)
结果状语从句:that even rare birds have returned
引导词:that(与 so 搭配表结果)
主语:even rare birds
谓语:have returned(现在完成时,表回归的结果持续到现在)
非限制性定语从句:which shows the value of collective efforts
引导词:which(指代主句内容)
谓语:shows(一般现在时,表客观价值)
宾语:the value of collective efforts
四、翻译
逐部分翻译:
As the city carried out the "Eco-City Construction" plan where citizens plant trees and reduce plastic use:随着城市实施市民植树、减少塑料使用的 “生态城市建设” 计划
people found:人们发现
that the urban environment has improved so obviously that even rare birds have returned:城市环境改善得如此明显,以至于连稀有鸟类都回来了
which shows the value of collective efforts:这体现了集体努力的价值
整句翻译:
随着城市实施市民植树、减少塑料使用的 “生态城市建设” 计划,人们发现城市环境改善得如此明显,以至于连稀有鸟类都回来了,这体现了集体努力的价值。
补充练习题一
原句:When Amy joined the club that teaches handmade soap making, she found that the skills she learned are friendly to the environment.
一、句子成分与结构填空题(共 4 处)
"that teaches handmade soap making" 是______从句,修饰先行词______,引导词______在从句中作主语。
"that the skills she learned are friendly to the environment" 是______从句,作主句______的宾语。
句首 "When Amy joined the club" 是______从句,表______关系。
主句主语是______,谓语是______。
二、填空答案与解析
答案:定语;club;that解析:定语从句说明俱乐部的教学内容,引导词 that 作主语。
答案:宾语;found解析:宾语从句说明埃米 “发现” 的内容,作谓语动词 found 的宾语。
答案:时间状语;时间解析:When 引导时间状语从句,说明主句动作发生的时间背景,从句用一般过去时(joined),主句用一般过去时(found),时态一致。
答案:Amy;found解析:主句核心结构为 “埃米发现……”,Amy 作主语,found 作谓语。
三、翻译
整句翻译:当埃米加入那个教授手工皂制作的俱乐部后,她发现自己学到的技能对环境很友好。
补充练习题二
原句:The gardener who specializes in native plants explained that the flowers which he grows are more adaptable to the local climate.
一、句子成分与结构填空题(共 4 处)
"who specializes in native plants" 是______从句,修饰先行词______,引导词______在从句中作主语。
"that the flowers which he grows are more adaptable to the local climate" 是______从句,作主句______的宾语。
"which he grows" 是______从句,修饰先行词______,引导词在从句中作______成分。
主句主语是______,谓语是______。
二、填空答案与解析
答案:定语;the gardener;who解析:定语从句限定 “园丁” 的专业方向,引导词 who 作从句主语,从句用一般现在时(specializes),表园丁的常规职业特征。
答案:宾语;explained解析:宾语从句说明园丁 “解释” 的内容,作谓语动词 explained 的宾语,从句用一般现在时(are),表花卉的客观特性。
答案:定语;flowers;宾语解析:定语从句修饰 “花卉”,引导词 which 作 grows 的宾语,可省略,从句用一般现在时(grows),表园丁的常规行为。
答案:The gardener;explained解析:主句核心结构为 “园丁解释……”,The gardener 作主语,explained 作谓语(一般过去时,表过去的解释动作)。
三、翻译
整句翻译:那位专长于本地植物的园丁解释说,他种植的花卉更适应当地的气候。
补充练习题三
原句:After the school launched the "Healthy Diet" program that guides students to eat nutritiously, teachers noticed that students' physical condition has become better.
一、句子成分与结构填空题(共 4 处)
"that guides students to eat nutritiously" 是______从句,修饰先行词______,引导词______在从句中作主语。
"that students' physical condition has become better" 是______从句,作主句______的宾语。
句首 "After the school launched the 'Healthy Diet' program" 是______从句,表______关系。
主句主语是______,谓语是______。
二、填空答案与解析
答案:定语;program;that解析:定语从句说明项目的作用,引导词 that 作主语,从句用一般现在时(guides),表项目的常规功能。
答案:宾语;noticed解析:宾语从句说明老师们 “注意到” 的内容,作谓语动词 noticed 的宾语,从句用现在完成时(has become),表身体状况改善的结果持续到现在。
答案:时间状语;时间解析:After 引导时间状语从句,说明主句动作发生在从句动作之后,从句用一般过去时(launched),主句用一般过去时(noticed),时态一致。
答案:teachers;noticed解析:主句核心结构为 “老师们注意到……”,teachers 作主语,noticed 作谓语。
三、翻译
整句翻译:学校推出引导学生营养饮食的 “健康饮食” 项目后,老师们注意到学生的身体状况变好了。
补充练习题四
原句:The reason why the community held the fitness activity is that it helps residents keep healthy so that they can enjoy a better life.
一、句子成分与结构填空题(共 4 处)
"why the community held the fitness activity" 是______从句,修饰先行词______,引导词______在从句中作原因状语。
"that it helps residents keep healthy" 是______从句,在主句中作______成分。
"that they can enjoy a better life" 是______从句,引导词是______,表示______关系(目的)。
主句主语是______,谓语是______。
二、填空答案与解析
答案:定语;reason;why解析:定语从句解释 “原因” 的具体内容,引导词 why 作原因状语,从句用一般过去时(held),表过去举办活动的原因。
答案:表语;表语解析:表语从句位于系动词 is 之后,解释主语 reason 的内容,从句用一般现在时(helps),表活动的客观作用。
答案:目的状语;so that;目的(为了……)解析:"so that they can enjoy a better life" 是目的状语从句,表举办健身活动的最终目的,从句用情态动词 can + 动词原形,表目的导向。
答案:The reason;is解析:主句为 “主系表” 结构,The reason 作主语,is 作谓语(一般现在时,表客观存在的原因)。
三、翻译
整句翻译:社区举办健身活动的原因是,它能帮助居民保持健康,让他们能享受更美好的生活。
补充练习题五
原句:While the designer created the packaging that uses recyclable materials, he found that it is more popular if it has a simple design.
一、句子成分与结构填空题(共 4 处)
"that uses recyclable materials" 是______从句,修饰先行词______,引导词______在从句中作主语。
"that it is more popular if it has a simple design" 是______从句,作主句______的宾语。
句首 "While the designer created the packaging" 是______从句,表______关系。
主句主语是______,谓语是______。
二、填空答案与解析
答案:定语;packaging;that解析:定语从句说明包装的材质特点,引导词 that 作主语,从句用一般现在时(uses),表包装的客观材质属性。
答案:宾语;found解析:宾语从句说明设计师 “发现” 的内容,作谓语动词 found 的宾语,从句用一般现在时(is),表包装的客观受欢迎程度。
答案:时间状语;时间解析:While 引导时间状语从句,强调主句动作与从句动作同时发生,从句用一般过去时(created),主句用一般过去时(found),时态一致。
答案:the designer;found解析:主句核心结构为 “设计师发现……”,the designer 作主语,found 作谓语。
三、翻译
整句翻译:在设计师设计使用可回收材料的包装时,他发现如果设计简约,包装会更受欢迎。
补充练习题六
原句:When the reporter interviewed the writer who won the international award, she learned that he spent so much time traveling that he collected rich writing materials.
一、句子成分与结构填空题(共 4 处)
"who won the international award" 是______从句,修饰先行词______,引导词______在从句中作主语。
"that he spent so much time traveling that he collected rich writing materials" 是______从句,作主句______的宾语。
句首 "When the reporter interviewed the writer" 是______从句,表______关系。
主句主语是______,谓语是______。
二、填空答案与解析
答案:定语;the writer;who解析:定语从句限定 “作家” 的成就,引导词 who 作从句主语,从句用一般过去时(won),表过去获得奖项的动作。
答案:宾语;learned解析:宾语从句说明记者 “了解到” 的内容,作谓语动词 learned 的宾语,从句用一般过去时(spent/collected),表过去的旅行和收集素材动作。
答案:时间状语;时间解析:When 引导时间状语从句,说明主句动作发生的时间背景,从句用一般过去时(interviewed),主句用一般过去时(learned),时态一致。
答案:The reporter;learned解析:主句核心结构为 “记者了解到……”,The reporter 作主语,learned 作谓语。
三、翻译
整句翻译:当记者采访那位获得国际奖项的作家时,她了解到他花了如此多的时间旅行,以至于收集到了丰富的写作素材
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