内容正文:
外研版八年级下册 Unit 3单词表
教师备课材料
1. director
词性:名词
词义:导演;主任;董事
近义词:leader, manager
词性转换:direct(动词)→ director(名词)
常见搭配:film director, managing director
例句:The famous director is making a new movie.(这位著名导演正在拍一部新电影。)
2. drama
词性:名词
词义:戏剧;剧本
近义词:play, theatre
词性转换:dramatic(形容词)
常见搭配:TV drama, school drama club
例句:We are studying a modern drama in English class.(我们在英语课上学习一部现代戏剧。)
3. leader
词性:名词
词义:领导者;领袖
近义词:chief, head
反义词:follower(追随者)
词性转换:lead(动词)→ leader(名词)
常见搭配:team leader, natural leader
例句:She is a good leader who listens to everyone.(她是一个善于倾听的好领导。)
4. role
词性:名词
词义:角色;作用;职责
近义词:part, function
常见搭配:play a role, main role
例句:He played the role of a king in the play.(他在剧中扮演国王的角色。)
5. freeze
词性:动词
词义:冻结;结冰;僵住
近义词:ice over, stop moving
反义词:melt(融化),thaw(解冻)
词性转换:frozen(形容词)
常见搭配:freeze to death, freeze in fear
例句:Water freezes at zero degrees Celsius.(水在零摄氏度结冰。)
6. silence
词性:名词
词义:沉默;寂静
近义词:quiet, stillness
反义词:noise(噪音)
词性转换:silent(形容词)
常见搭配:in silence, break the silence
例句:There was a moment of silence after the speech.(演讲后有一阵沉默。)
7. awful
词性:形容词
词义:糟糕的;可怕的;非常的
近义词:terrible, horrible
反义词:wonderful(极好的)
常见搭配:awful weather, feel awful
例句:I had an awful headache yesterday.(我昨天头痛得厉害。)
8. advise
词性:动词
词义:建议;劝告
近义词:suggest, recommend
词性转换:advice(名词),adviser(名词)
常见搭配:advise someone to do, strongly advise
例句:The teacher advised us to read more books.(老师建议我们多读书。)
9. yours
词性:代词
词义:你(们)的(所有物)
相关词:your(形容词性物主代词)
常见搭配:Is this yours? Yours sincerely(用于信件结尾)
例句:This book is mine, and that one is yours.(这本书是我的,那本是你的。)
10. teamwork
词性:名词
词义:团队合作;协作
构词:team(团队)+ work(工作)
近义词:cooperation, collaboration
反义词:individual work(个人工作)
常见搭配:good teamwork, spirit of teamwork
例句:Teamwork is very important in basketball.(团队合作在篮球运动中非常重要。)
11. strength
词性:名词
词义:力量;优点;长处
近义词:power, advantage
反义词:weakness(弱点)
词性转换:strong(形容词)→ strength(名词)
常见搭配:physical strength, inner strength
例句:His greatest strength is his patience.(他最大的优点是耐心。)
12. weakness
词性:名词
词义:弱点;缺点
近义词:shortcoming, disadvantage
反义词:strength(优点)
词性转换:weak(形容词)→ weakness(名词)
常见搭配:overcome a weakness, main weakness
例句:Being shy is one of my weaknesses.(害羞是我的一个弱点。)
13. queen
词性:名词
词义:女王;王后;(扑克牌/国际象棋)皇后
反义词:king(国王)
常见搭配:Queen of England, beauty queen
例句:The queen visited the city last week.(女王上周访问了这座城市。)
14. vote
词性:动词/名词
词义:投票;表决;选票
近义词:elect, ballot
常见搭配:vote for, secret vote
例句:We will vote to choose our class leader.(我们将投票选举班长。)
15. suggestion
词性:名词
词义:建议;提议
近义词:proposal, advice
词性转换:suggest(动词)→ suggestion(名词)
常见搭配:make a suggestion, helpful suggestion
例句:Thank you for your helpful suggestion.(感谢你提出的有益建议。)
16. meeting
词性:名词
词义:会议;集会
近义词:conference, gathering
词性转换:meet(动词)→ meeting(名词)
常见搭配:have a meeting, class meeting
例句:We have a class meeting every Monday.(我们每周一开班会。)
17. captain
词性:名词
词义:队长;船长;机长
近义词:leader, skipper
常见搭配:team captain, ship captain
例句:She is the captain of the school basketball team.(她是学校篮球队的队长。)
18. shy
词性:形容词
词义:害羞的;腼腆的
近义词:timid, bashful
反义词:confident(自信的), outgoing(外向的)
常见搭配:shy smile, too shy to speak
例句:The new student is too shy to talk in class.(这个新生太害羞了,不敢在课堂上发言。)
19. confidence
词性:名词
词义:信心;自信
近义词:self-belief, assurance
反义词:doubt(怀疑), shyness(害羞)
词性转换:confident(形容词)→ confidence(名词)
常见搭配:full of confidence, gain confidence
例句:With practice, you will gain more confidence.(通过练习,你会获得更多自信。)
20. camp
词性:名词/动词
词义:营地;露营;扎营
常见搭配:summer camp, set up camp
例句:We will camp by the lake this weekend.(我们这周末将在湖边露营。)
21. go camping
词性:动词短语
词义:去露营
常见搭配:go camping in the mountains
例句:My family likes to go camping in the summer.(我家喜欢在夏天去露营。)
22. tent
词性:名词
词义:帐篷
常见搭配:put up a tent, sleep in a tent
例句:We need to put up the tent before dark.(我们需要在天黑前搭好帐篷。)
23. broken
词性:形容词
词义:破碎的;损坏的;不流利的
近义词:damaged, not working
反义词:fixed(修好的), whole(完整的)
词性转换:break(动词)→ broken(形容词)
常见搭配:broken glass, broken English
例句:My watch is broken.(我的手表坏了。)
24. tape
词性:名词/动词
词义:胶带;磁带;录音带;用胶带粘贴;录音
常见搭配:sticky tape, tape recorder
例句:I used some tape to fix the poster.(我用了一些胶带来固定海报。)
25. voluntary
词性:形容词
词义:自愿的;志愿的
近义词:optional, unpaid
反义词:compulsory(强制的), paid(有偿的)
词性转换:volunteer(名词/动词)→ voluntary(形容词)
常见搭配:voluntary work, voluntary service
例句:She does voluntary work at the animal shelter.(她在动物收容所做志愿工作。)
26. cooperation
词性:名词
词义:合作;协作
近义词:teamwork, collaboration
反义词:competition(竞争)
词性转换:cooperate(动词)→ cooperation(名词)
常见搭配:international cooperation, thank you for your cooperation
例句:The project needs the cooperation of everyone.(这个项目需要每个人的合作。)
27. noon
词性:名词
词义:中午;正午
近义词:midday
反义词:midnight(午夜)
常见搭配:at noon, noon break
例句:We will meet for lunch at noon.(我们中午见面吃午饭。)
28. climber
词性:名词
词义:攀登者;登山者;攀缘植物
词性转换:climb(动词)→ climber(名词)
常见搭配:mountain climber, rock climber
例句:The climber reached the top of the mountain.(登山者到达了山顶。)
29. roof
词性:名词
词义:屋顶;顶部
近义词:top, ceiling
常见搭配:roof of the house, under one roof
例句:The cat is sitting on the roof.(猫正坐在屋顶上。)
30. “roof of the world”
词性:名词短语
词义:世界屋脊(常指青藏高原)
文化注释:这是一个比喻性的称号,形容世界上平均海拔最高的地区。
例句:The QinghaiTibet Plateau is often called the “roof of the world”.(青藏高原常被称为“世界屋脊”。)
31. thirtymetrehigh
词性:复合形容词
词义:三十米高的
结构:数词名词(单数)形容词
语法点:此类复合形容词作定语,名词用单数形式。
例句:They climbed a thirtymetrehigh cliff.(他们攀爬了一处三十米高的悬崖。)
32. ladder
词性:名词
词义:梯子;阶梯
常见搭配:climb a ladder, career ladder
例句:He used a ladder to pick apples from the tree.(他用梯子从树上摘苹果。)
33. teammate
词性:名词
词义:队友
构词:team(团队)+ mate(伙伴)
例句:My teammate passed me the ball.(我的队友把球传给了我。)
34. lower
词性:动词/形容词
词义:降低;放下;下面的;较低的
近义词:reduce, bottom
反义词:raise(提高), upper(上面的)
词性转换:low(形容词)→ lower(比较级/动词)
常见搭配:lower your voice, lower part
例句:Please lower the music.(请把音乐声调低一点。)
35. painful
词性:形容词
词义:疼痛的;痛苦的
近义词:hurtful, sore
反义词:painless(无痛的)
词性转换:pain(名词)→ painful(形容词)
常见搭配:painful memory, painful experience
例句:My back is very painful.(我的背很痛。)
36. rope
词性:名词
词义:绳子;绳索
近义词:cord, line
常见搭配:jump rope, a piece of rope
例句:The climbers are tied together with a rope.(登山者用一根绳子系在一起。)
37. effort
词性:名词
词义:努力;费力的事
近义词:attempt, hard work
常见搭配:make an effort, joint effort
例句:With great effort, he finished the race.(他费了很大力气才跑完比赛。)
38. make every effort
词性:动词短语
词义:竭尽全力;尽一切努力
近义词:try one’s best, do everything possible
例句:We must make every effort to protect the environment.(我们必须竭尽全力保护环境。)
39. north
词性:名词/形容词/副词
词义:北方;北方的;向北方
反义词:south(南方)
常见搭配:north wind, face north
例句:Canada is north of the United States.(加拿大在美国的北边。)
40. base
词性:名词/动词
词义:基础;基地;根据;以…为基础
近义词:foundation, headquarters
常见搭配:military base, base on
例句:The story is based on real events.(这个故事是根据真实事件改编的。)
41. base camp
词性:名词短语
词义:(登山)大本营;基地营
例句:The mountaineers set up their base camp at 5,000 meters.(登山队员们在海拔5000米处建立了大本营。)
42. mountaineering
词性:名词
词义:登山运动;登山术
词性转换:mountaineer(登山者)→ mountaineering(名词)
常见搭配:go mountaineering, mountaineering equipment
例句:Mountaineering is a challenging but exciting sport.(登山是一项充满挑战但又激动人心的运动。)
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