Unit1 Grammar：数词 知识点整理及练习 2025-2026学年译林版英语七年级下册

7BU1 Grammar：数词 注：标★题目超纲 一、基数词：常用来表示数量的多少，在句中相当于名词或形容词，可做主语、定语或表语等。 【基数词的构成】be(am/is/are)+动词的现在分词 1.1到12是独立的单词 1 one 5 five 9 nine 2 two 6 six 10 ten 3 three 7 seven 11 eleven 4 four 8 eight 12 twelve 2.13-19的基数词均以teen结尾 13 thirteen 16 sixteen 19 nineteen 14 fourteen 17 seventeen 15 fifteen 18 eighteen 3.20到90整十位的基数词均以ty结尾 20 twenty 50 fifty 80 eighty 30 thirty 60 sixty 90 ninety 40 forty 70 seventy 4.21至99等表示“几十几”的基数词，由十位数和个位数之间加连字符“-”构成。 22 twenty-two 59 fifty-nine 84 eighty-four 35 thirty-five 66 sixty-six 97 ninety-seven 41 forty-one 73 seventy-three 5.101至999等表示“几百几十几”的基数词，在百位数hundred后加and，再加十位数和个位数。 207：two hundred and two 478：four hundred and seventy-eight 765：seven hundred and sixty-five 6.1000及1000以上的数目的表示方法：从右向左用“，”分节，每三个数字为一个节，第一个“，”读thousand，第二个“，”读million，第三个“，”读billion。 1,234,567,890：one billion two hundred and thirty-four million five hundred and sixty-seven thousand eight hundred and ninety [基数词写法巩固练习]选择 1.How do you read the big number 6325047? A.six million, three hundred and twenty-five thousand and forty seven B.six million, three hundred and twenty-five thousand and forty-seven C.six thousand, three hundred and twenty-five million and forty-seven D.six thousand, three hundred and twenty-five million and forty seven 2.How do you read the big number “6425000” ? A.Six million, four hundred and twenty-five. B.Six million, four hundred twenty-five thousand. C.Six million, four hundred and twenty-five thousand. D.Six millions, four hundred and twenty-five thousand. 3.We often use a comma or a space to separate a big number into groups of three from right to left. For example, 6,425,137. We can read the number like this: A.six, four hundred and twenty- five, one hundred and thirty seven B.six million, four hundred and twenty- five thousand, one hundred and thirty seven C.six, four hundred and twenty- five thousand, one hundred and thirty seven D.six million, four hundred and twenty- five thousand, thirteen and seven 4.—Excuse me, can you tell me how to say 10,206 in English? —Yes. ________. A.one thousand, two hundred and six B.one thousand two hundreds and six C.ten thousand, two hundred and six D.ten thousands and two hundreds and six 5.How should we read the number 4,039,500? A.four millions thirty-nine thousands five hundreds B.four million thirty-nine thousand and five hundred C.four million thirty-nine thousand five hundred D.four millions and thirty-nine thousands and five hundreds 6.—How long is the new bridge? Do you know? —Yes, it’s about ________. A.one thousand one hundred and eighty meters B.one thousand and one hundred fifty meters C.two thousands one hundred forty meters D.two thousands seventy and three meters 7.How do you say 5,179? A.Five thousands one hundred and seventy-nine. B.Five thousands one hundred seventy-nine. C.Five thousand one hundred seventy-nine. D.Five thousand one hundred and seventy-nine. 8.—Bob, can you read the number 15,858? —Yes, I can. It’s ________. A.fifteen thousands eight hundred and fifty-eight. B.fifteen thousand eight hundreds and fifty-eight. C.fifteen thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight. D.fifteen thousand and eight hundred and fifty-eight. 9.—How do you read 520,601 in English? —It is ________. A.five hundred and twenty thousands six hundreds and one B.five hundred and twenty thousand and six hundred and one C.five hundred and twenty thousands and six hundreds and one D.five hundred and twenty thousand six hundred and one 10.—What’s the English for the number “7,062,032”? —That’s ________. A.seven million and sixty-two thousand and thirty-two A.seven million sixty-two thousand thirty-two A.seven million and sixty-two thousands and thirty-two A.seven million sixty-two thousand and thirty-two 答案：BCBCC ADCDD 【基数词的常见用法】 1.表示数量的多少。 Jenny is seventeen years old. 珍妮17岁。 《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》 It would take about twenty thousand years to make that wasteland green again. 要让那片荒地重新变绿大约需要两万年。 2.基数词表示具体数目时，hundred(百)，thousand(千)，million(百万)等用单数。当表示“数百”“数千”“数百万”等不确切的数目时，在hundreds，thousands，millions等单词后接“of+名词复数”。 He has written thousands of Chinese lantern riddles. 他写了几千条中国灯谜。 3.表示“几十”的基数词的复数形式，可用来表示某人的岁数、年份或年代。 He went to America for further education in his twenties. 他二十几岁时去美国深造。 I just know he was born in the 1980s.(注意有定冠词) 我只知道他出生在20世纪80年代。 4.表示时刻 9:30 nine thirty 1:58 two to two 5.给东西编号时，序号在后用基数词(序号在前则用序数词) Lesson One=the first Lesson 6.“another+基数词+名词复数”或“基数词+more+名词(复数)”表示在已有的基础上再增加一定的数量。 We have another two classes. =We have two more classes. 我们还有两节课。 7.表示各种数量或数的加、减 Two plus five is seven. 二加五等于七。 《牛津词典》 Seven minus three is four. 七减去三等于四。 《牛津词典》 Multiply 2 and 6 together and you get 12. 2和6相乘得12。 《牛津词典》 Divide 2 into 7, and the answer is 3, remainder 1. 7除以2，商3余1。 《牛津词典》 8.“every other…”的表达方式 每隔一天：every other day 每隔两天：every three days 每隔一周：every other week [基数词巩固练习] 1.Around 20 ________ runners took part in the Suqian Marathon last month. A.thousand B.thousands C.thousand of D.thousands of 2.Please turn to Page ________ and look at the ________ picture from the left. A.Ten; three B.Tenth; third C.Ten; third D.Tenth; three 3.The science museum needs five ________ dollars to build a new lab. If we help, our school will be the ________ school to join this project. A.thousand; twelfth B.thousand; twelve C.thousand of; twelve D.thousands of; twelfth 4.—Wow! There are hundreds of paintings on show. —Among them, ________ works were created by young artists. A.two hundreds of B.two hundreds C.two hundred of D.two hundred 5.The writer is so popular that she has ________ readers. A.million B.million of C.millions of D.millions 6.—How long is the bridge? —About ________ long. A.two thousand metre B.two thousand metres C.two thousands metre D.two thousands metres 7.There are _________ solar terms(节气) in a year. Lichun is the first one. A.twenty-four B.twenty-fourth C.the twenty-fourth 8.It will take ________ hours to finish the work. A.more two B.two more C.two another D.other two 9.________ people in the world are sending information by email every day. A.Several million B.Many millions C.Several millions D.Much million 10.It is not rare in ________ that people in their _________ are going to university for further education. A.90s；fifty B.the 90s；fifty C.90s；fifties D.the 90s；fifties 答案：ACADC BABAD 【注意】金钱，时间，距离等名词做主语，看成整体时，谓语用单数。强调多个独立单元时，用复数。 Twenty-five years is a long time. 二十五年是一段很长的时间。 The last two years have been very challenging. 过去的两年真是充满挑战啊。 [巩固练习]选择 1.20 kilometres ________ a long distance to walk. A.has B.have C.is D.are 答案：C 二、序数词：表示人或事物的先后顺序，通常与the连用；当前面有this，that等限定词时，不用the。 【序数词的构成】 1.1到19中的规则变化，一般在相应的基数词后加th。 four fourth six sixth seven seventh ten tenth eleven eleventh thirteen thirteenth 2.1到19中的特殊变化 one first two second three third five fifth eight eighth nine ninth twelve twelfth 3.以ty结尾的基数词变序数词时，将y变为ie，再加th。 twenty twentieth thirty thirtieth forty fortieth fifty fiftieth sixty sixtieth seventy seventieth eighty eightieth ninety ninetieth 4.表示“几十几”或“几百几十几”的基数词变序数词时，只需将个位数变为序数词，十位词和百位数不变。 twenty-one twenty-first forty-four forty-fourth 注意：序数词的缩略式由阿拉伯数字加上序数词的最后两个字母构成。 first 1st second 2ne third 3rd 【序数词的常见用法】 1.表示顺序、次序或日期 the first day of a week：一周中的第一天 常考顺序、次序： ①生日 For my fifth birthday, my mother baked me a cake in the shape of a monkey. 我五岁生日的时候，妈妈给我烤了一个猴子形状的蛋糕。 ②楼层 The spare bedroom is on the second floor. 闲置的卧室在2楼。 《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》 ③④ 2.分数表示法：分子用基数词，分母用序数词；分子是1，分母用单数；分之大于1，分母用复数 1/4 one fourth a quarter 3/4 three fourths three quarters one and one second 注意：英语分数中间的连字符可加可不加，做定语时通常加连字符，单独使用时一般不加。 注意：谓语动词用单数还是复数取决于后面的名词 One fifth of the country was under water. 全国五分之一地区被水淹没。 Two fifths of the students in our class are going to the summer camp in Beijing next week. 我们班五分之二的学生下周要去北京参加夏令营。 3.在英语中，序数词前通常要加定冠词the，但以下情况不加the ①当序数词前已有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格时 ②序数词前可以加a/an，不强调顺序，表示“另一个，再一个”。 I can't wait to see it a second time. 我都迫不及待想要再看一遍了。 ③序数词起副词作用时，前面可省略the。 After all, health always comes first. 毕竟，健康永远是第一位。 [序数词巩固练习]选择 1.—It is Mum’s ________ birthday next Wednesday. What should we do? —How about buying her ________ flowers to show our love? A.forty; forty B.fortieth; forty C.forty; fortieth D.fortieth; fortieth 2.Lily lives in a building with 22 floors. Her home is on the top floor, the ________ floor. A.ground B.twentieth C.twenty-two D.twenty-second 3.Lily lives in an old apartment with ________ floors and she will celebrate her ________ birthday. A.five; fiftieth B.fifth; the fiftieth C.five; the fiftieth D.fifth; fiftieth 4.David is going to Shanghai next week. It will be his _________ time to go there. A.the three B.three C.third D.the third 5.The Dragon Boat Festival is on ________ day of ________ month in the Chinese lunar calendar. A.five; five B.five; the fifth C.the fifth; five D.the fifth; the fifth 6.—Why is Jenny so happy? —Because today is her ________ birthday. A.twelfth B.the twelfth C.twelve D.the twelve 7.My mother will be ________ years old next week. I’m planning to make something special as her ________ birthday gift. A.fortieth; fortieth B,forty; forty C.forty; fortieth D.fortieth; forty 8.My grandparents live in an old flat with ________ floors and they are on the ______ floor. A.fifth; three B.fifth; third C.five; three D.five; third 9.I live on ________ floor in this building, just ten floors ________ you. A.ten; below B.ten; under C.the tenth; below D.the tenth; under 10.The number of the fans going to this concert is about three ________. And ________ of them are girls. A.thousand；two third B.thousands；two third C.thousand；two thirds D.thousands；two thirds 答案：BDACD ACDCC 9.under：某物在另一物的正下方 below：某物在另一物下面，不一定是正下方 【拓展复合形容词的常见构成】 1.数词+名词（单数） one-child (独生子女的) two-hour (两小时的) three-good (三好的) 100-pound (一百磅的) 2.数词+名词（单数）+形容词 three-year-old (三岁的) seven-foot-wide (七英尺宽的) 8000-meter-long (8000米长的) six-meter-tall (六米高的) [巩固练习]选择 1.I’ll take ________ holiday in two days. A.a three-day B.three days C.three day’s D.a three day’s 2.The ________ action film has attracted millions of young people to the cinema. A.130-minute B.130-minutes C.13 minute D.130 minutes 3.The river through our city, which is about ________, is clean again. A.3,000 metres long B.3,000-metres-long C.3,000-metre-long D.3,000 metre long 4.After the ________ trip, the girl was tired and felt _______ about the trip. A.two-hours；boring B.two-hour；bored C.two-hours；bored D.two-hour；boring 5.________ exciting news! We will have a ________ holiday after the exam. A.What an；two weeks B.How an；two weeks C.What；two-week D.How；two weeks’ 答案：AAABC [巩固练习]用所给词的适当形式填空 1.December is the ________ (twelve) month of a year. It’s the coldest month of the year. 2.Yuan Longping, the Father of Hybrid Rice still worked in his ________ (ninety). 3.He works on the _________(nine) floor of this tall building. 4.Sandy finished ________ (four) in the speech competition. 5.Tony was the ________ (one) to arrive at the camp. 6.He is looking for a wonderful present for his mother’s ________ (forty) birthday. 7.The one ________(hundred) visitor to the museum will get a nice present. 8.In our school, three ________(four) of the teachers are women teachers. 9.The ________(two) month of the year is February. 10.He celebrates his ________(ninety) birthday on Friday. 11.Three _________ (five) of the students in our class like playing football. 答案：1.twelfth 2.nineties 3.ninth 4.fourth 5.first 6.fortieth 7.hundredth 8.fourths 9.second 10.ninetieth 11.fifths [巩固练习]选择 1.There are ________ people in the picture, and the _________ one from the left is me. A.eight；third B.eight；three C.eighth；third D.eighth；three 2.—What was the date that day? —It was ________. A.one o’clock B.Wednesday C.the day before yesterday D.October 23rd 3.The apples are delicious. I’d like to have ________ third one because ________ second one is rather too small. A.a；a B.the；the C.a；the D.the；a 4.________ of the land in that city ________ covered with trees and grass. A.Two fifth；is B.Two fifth；are C.Two fifths；is D.Two fifths；are 5.There are three ________ workers in this factory. My brother is in it, too. A.thousand B.thousands of C.thousand of D.thousands 6.There are ________ days in a week and Thursday is ________ day of a week. A.seventh；five B.seven；fifth C.the seventh；five D.seven；the fifth 7.Mrs Green lives in an old apartment with ________ floors and she is going to celebrate her ________ birthday. A.five；fiftieth B.fifth；the fiftieth C.five；the fiftieth D.fifth；fiftieth 8.To finish the task, we’ve tried three times, and after dinner we’ll try ________ time. A.the fourth B.a fourth C.fourth D.four 9.Unit ________ is easy but ________ unit is difficult. A.Sixth；seven B.Six；seven C.Sixth；the seventh D.Six；the seventh 10.________ of the teachers in the school is 300, and ________ of them are women teachers. A.The number；first fourth B.A number；one fourth C.A number；one second D.The number；three quarters 答案：1-5ADCCA 6-10DABDD 【知识梳理1】It has an area of 160 square metres.(P11) 它的面积是160平方米。 square 1.形容词，意为“平方；正方形的” This lake has the smallest surface area at 7,336 square miles. 这个湖泊的面积最小，为 7336 平方英里。 Carl has a square face and wears square glasses. 卡尔的脸是方形的，他还戴着方形的眼镜。 2.名词，意为“正方形” Squares, circles and triangles are types of shape. 正方形、圆形和三角形是三种形状。 《牛津词典》 3.名词，意为“广场” Every morning the old people enjoy themselves in the square, singing and dancing. 每天早晨，老人们在广场上唱歌跳舞，玩得很开心。 4.名词，意为“平方” The square of 7 is 49. 7的平方是49。 《牛津词典》 [巩固练习]选择 1.The city has a large ________ that is often used for dancing in public. A.square B.library C.supermarket D.store 【知识梳理2】Our phone number is 010-12121212.(P11) 我们的电话号码是010-12121212。 number，名词，意为“数字，编号”。 Numbers show that most of ballet (芭蕾) dancers’ eyesight is better. 数据显示，大多数芭蕾舞演员的视力都比较好。 [辨析]a number of和the number 1.a number of，短语，意为“许多”，相当于many，后接可数名词复数，作主语时谓语动词通常用复数。number前可加large，great等修饰词。 A large number of students take the subway to school. 很多学生坐地铁去上学。 2.the number of意为“…的数量”，其后也可接可数名词复数形式，但其中心词是number，而不是后面的名词，所以作主语时谓语动词常用单数。 The number of the Siberian tigers is reducing. 西伯利亚虎的数量正在减少。 [巩固练习]选择 1.Nowadays ________ people like HUAWEI phones better, and about ________ of them are adults. A. the number of；four fifths B. a number of；four fifths C. a number o；four fifth D.the number of；four fifth 2.Look! A large number of students ________ basketball on the playground now. A.play B.are playing C.is playing D.played 3.There’re many students from the countryside in our school and the number of them ________ larger and larger. A.are growing B.are grown C.is growing D.is grown 4.—What ________ the number of the students in your school? Is it ________? —About two thousand. Quite a number of them ________ from the USA. A.are；large；are B.are；much；is C.is；large；are D.is；much；is 5.—________ is the number of the students in our school? —More than ________. A.What；three thousand B.How much；three thousand C.What；three thousands D.How much；three thousands 6.There ________ a number of books in our school library. The number of books ________ getting larger than that last year. A.is；is B.is；are C.are；are D.are；is 答案：1-5BBCCA 6-10D 【知识梳理3】She is always the first in her class to get to school.(P12) 她总是班上第一个到学校的。 “the+序数词+to do sth.”结构表示“第…个做某事的人(或物)” Tony was the first to arrive at the camp. 托尼第一个到达营地。 Believing in yourself is the first step on the road to success. 相信自己是通往成功之路的第一步。（2023金华卷） [巩固练习]选择 1.He was ________ reach the top of the mountain. A.the first to B.first to C.the one to D.one to 2.The park is the best place _________ kites. I often go there at weekends. A.fly B.to fly C.flying D.flies 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $