Unit 1 Time to Relax寒假预习学案-2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

八下Unit 1 Time to Relax寒假预习学案 一．根据音标拼读下列词汇，并写出中文意思。 1. 2. /kəˈlɪɡrəfi/ ca-lli-gra-phy 2. /skiː/ ski （单音节词） 3. /ˈprəʊɡram/ pro-gram 4. /ɪkˈspres/ ex-press 5. /ɪnˈstrʌktər/ in-struc-tor 6. /skɛəd/ scared（单音节词） 7. scared of 8. /fɪə(r)/ fear（单音节词） 9. get o-ver（短语） 10. up to 11. /ˈpəʊɪm/ n. 诗po-em 12. /ˈsɪŋɡl/ sin-gle 13. /straʊk/ stroke（开音节词） 14. give up 15. /ɪŋk/ ink（闭音节词） 16. /rɪˈtɜːn/ re-turn 17. in return 18. /diːl/deal（单音节词） 19. /ˈmænɪdʒ/ ma-nage 20. get in-to（短语） 21. give it a go 22. /kʌŋ ˈfuː/ kung fu（短语） 23. /pʊʃ/ push（闭音节词） 24. /maɪˈself/ my-self 25. /tʃæt/ chat（闭音节词） 26. /ˈaʊtɪŋ/out-ing 27. go on an out-ing（短语） 28. /rɪˈdjuːs/ re-duce 29. /stres/ stress（闭音节词） 30. /ˈjəʊɡə/ yo-ga 31. /ˈɒbdʒɪkt/ ob-ject 32. /ˌɪtəˈliən/ I-ta-lian 33. /ˈprəʊɡræmə(r)/pro-gram-mer 34. /əˈlaʊ/ al-low 35. /sens/ sense（单音节词） 36. /əˈtʃiːvmənt/ a-chieve-ment 37. /kɔɪn/ coin（单音节词） 38. /stæmp/ stamp（闭音节词） 39. /ˈtiːneɪdʒ/ teen-age 40. /ˈpəʊstkɑːd/ post-card 41. /ˈrɑːðə(r)/ ra-ther 42. /ˌəʊld ˈfæʃənd/ old-fa-shion-ed 43. /ˈfɒrən/ fo-reign 44. dream of 45. /səˈdʒestʃən/ sug-ges-tion 46. /ˈfeɪljə(r)/ fail-ure 47. /ɪnˈspaɪə(r)/ in-spire 48. /strɪkt/ strict（闭音节词） 49. /səˈpraɪzɪŋli/ sur-pri-sing-ly 50.so far 51. /steidʒ/stage（开音节词） 52./imˈpɒ:tntli/im-por-tant-ly 53 once in a while 2． 按照页码从课文中找到下列词组或句子，并翻译。 P2 1. play the flute 2. do calligraphy 3. in free time 4. express feelings 5. like to do / doing 6. do it to do P3 1. free-time activities 2. at first 3. ...no one expected her to be perfect from the start. 4. tell sb. not to do 5. give up 6. used to do 7. be scared of 8. get over 9. encourage sb. to do 10. be afraid to do 11. start to do / doing sth 12. help sb. (to) do P4 1. up to 2. What are you up to? 3. teach (taught) sb. how to write it 4. ...the first step is always the hardest. 5. spend (time) doing 6. teach sb. to do 7. in return 8. It's a deal! 9. use to do 10. manage to do 11. It's a great way to... 12. When I started to..., I... P5 1. get into 2. give it a go 3. decide to do 4. push …too hard 5. once in a while 6. look alike 7. be worried about 8. go on an outing 9. My brother joined us to play once or twice, but he decided not to come after that. 语法要点： 不定式（to do / not to do） • 作宾语: • 作宾补: • 作目的状语: P6-7 1. reduce stress 2. pass the time 3. Do you spend time on hobbies you love? 4. calm down. 5. physical hobbies 6. such as / for example 7. reduce stress 8. …find it fun to do 9. start out 10. He started programming when he was ten, after he read about famous businessmen who started out as programmers. 11. allow sb. to do 12. at the same time 13. a sense of achievement 14. around the world 15. prefer not to do 16. collect coins 17. old-fashioned 18. learn about 19. foreign countries 20. send (sent)… to sb. 21. so … that 22. put… up 23. dream of P8 1. 远足 2. 克服 3. 培养 4. 放弃 5. 减压 6. 发现做…有趣 7. 擅长于 9. 只要 9. over time 10. have fun 11. 做…的好方法 12. 害怕做… 13. so far 14. 在舞台上 15. 毕竟 16.I didn't want to talk to my instructor about it because he seemed very strict. P9 1. 培养，从事 2. would like to do 3. It was such an amazing experience! 4. 保持健康 5. 最重要的是 6. spend time with sb. 7. be happy to be lucky to 8. It makes me really happy when… 3． 语法学习。 动词不定式的结构 动词不定式的构成：to+动词原形（有时可以不用to）；否定形式：not（to+）动词原形。 (1) 肯定式：to + 动词原形 It’s nice to meet you. (2)否定式：not to + 动词原形 He told me not to leave this room ►►► to是不定式符号，无意义，有时可以不带 动词不定式的句法功能 功能 例句 说明 主语 To speak English is not easy for us =It is not easy for us to speak English. 作主语用的不定式，常常用it作形式主语，而把不定式放在后面。 表语 My work is to clean the room everyday. =To clean the room every day is my work. 多数情况下，不定式作表语，可转换作为主语。 宾语 —What sports does he like to play? —He likes to play basketball. 只能做某些动词的宾语，一般不作介词的宾语。 宾补 My mother made me play the piano all the time. 在make，let，see，hear，watch等使役、感官动词后，不定式省略to。 定语 Have you got anything to say? 不定式作定语，要放在所修饰词的后面。 状语 I'm sorry to trouble you.（表原因）。 I went to the library to study English.（表目的） 不定式作状语，其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致。 本单元的主要用法： 1.不定式作宾语 有些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的，如： would like, like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, expect等。 如： Would you like to see a film this evening? 你今晚想去看电影吗？ ②在find, think后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在后面。如： I find it easy to read English every day. 2.不定式作宾语补足语 tell, ask, want, allow, warn, advise, invite, get, encourage后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。 如：Lucy asked him to turn down the radio. My mother encourages me to learn Japanese. 我妈妈鼓励我学日语。 3.不定式作状语 不定式常可用作状语，修饰动词，表示行为的目的、结果和原因。 To get there on time, we set out at five in the morning. He goes there to enjoy the fresh air. He worked day and night to get the money. 不定式的特殊用法 ①使役动词和感官动词后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语，须省略to。此类动词有：一感(feel)、二听(hear, listen to)、三让(let, make, have)、四看(look at, see, watch, notice)、五帮(help)。变为被动语态时，省略的to则要加上。 ②动词不定式的否定形式是not to do，其被动形式为to be done。 ►Our teacher asked us not to swim in the river alone. 我们老师要求我们不要独自一人在河里游泳。 ③常接＂疑问词+带to的不定式＂的动词有teach, show, tell, learn, find out, decide, know, forget等。 ►My mother taught me how to cook yesterday. 昨天我妈妈教我如何做饭。 跟动词不定式的情况总结归纳：（加强记忆） ①动词：agree to do同意去做； afford to do买得起；decide to do决定去做某事；hope to do希望去做；wish to do希望去做； fail to do做某事失败去；plan to do打算去做；pretend to do假装去做；refuse to do拒绝去做；would like to do=want to do想要去做某事；learn to do 学做； used to do sth. 过去常做某事； prefer to do sth. 喜欢（爱）做某事；sb. seem to do sth好像做某事； ②句型. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人去做某事 ask/tell sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人做事某事（叫某人不要去做某事） follow sb. to do sth. 跟随某人去做某事 get sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事 warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人做某事（或不要做某事） encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 be excited/glad/happy/sorry/ frightened/amazed/surprised to do sth. be/get ready to do sth.准备做某事 can’t wait to do sth. 迫不急待地去做某事 get/have a chance to do sth. 得到一个做某事的机会 It’s + adj.+(for sb.) to do sth. / It’s +adj. +(of sb.) to do sth. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事（常考） It’s time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的时候了 too…(for sb.) to …太……以致不能…… =not… enough to do （常考） prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿……而不愿……（常考） something to eat/drink 一些吃/喝的东西 Sth. is hard/difficult/easy to do 做好某事很难/容易 take turns to do sth. 轮流做…… There is no time (for sb. ) to do sth. 对（某人来说）没时间做某事了 There is no need (for sb.) to do sth. 对某人来说没必要做某事 try/do one’s best to do sth. 尽力去做某事 have no choice but to do sth 别无选择只能做某事 have something/nothing to do with sb 与......有关/无关 4． 单元主题探讨。 本单元的主题是用英语谈论兴趣爱好，如日常生活中同学们喜爱的音乐、电影、书籍等等。同学们可以运用所学定语从句等句式深层次地表达自己内心的真实感受，培养积极的、有意义的兴趣爱好，树立正确的人生观和价值观.可适用于本单元的关联主题有很多，如 My hobby (hobbies).... changes me a lot, I like...best等等. 核心话题: 谈论课余活动、放松方式、个人爱好及原因。 写作目标: 1.能够围绕“放松方式”这一主题，清晰、有条理地描述自己或他人的休闲活动。 2.能够使用本单元核心词汇和句型结构（如：enjoy doing, be good for, It’s a good way to…, I find it… because…）进行书面表达。 3.能够写出一篇结构完整、逻辑连贯的短文，介绍自己最喜欢的放松方式并阐述理由。 4.鼓励学生在写作中表达真实感受，增进对健康生活方式的理解。 写作准备与语言支持 1. 头脑风暴 (Brainstorming): 列出你课余时间会做的、让你感到放松的事情。 Examples: reading books, listening to music, playing basketball/sports, drawing/painting, walking in the park, playing computer games (适度), watching movies, chatting with friends, doing yoga, sleeping, etc. 针对你选择的方式，思考：Where? When? How often? With whom? How do you feel? 2. 核心词汇与短语 (Key Words & Phrases): 活动名称: play sports/basketball/soccer… listen to music/pop/light music read books/novels/magazines watch TV/movies go for a walk/hiking play computer/video games spend time with family/friends play an instrument (the piano/guitar…) do some drawing/painting 描述感受与益处: feel happy/relaxed/excited/calm forget my worries/troubles make me feel fresh/energetic be good for my health/mind/eyes help me (to) study better/sleep well improve my skills/mood learn new things get exercise/stay in shape enjoy the beauty of nature share happiness with… 3. 实用句型结构 (Useful Sentence Patterns): 引入主题: When I feel tired or stressed, I like to… / My favorite way to relax is (by) …ing. Among all the relaxing activities, I enjoy … the most. 描述习惯: I usually do it on weekends/after finishing my homework. I often … with my best friends/parents. I spend about … (an hour) on it every day. 阐述理由（重点）: First, it helps me (to) relax and forget about my schoolwork for a while. Second, it is good for my health because it gives me exercise. What’s more, I can … when I … (e.g., learn teamwork when I play basketball). I find it really enjoyable/interesting because… Another reason is that it makes me feel… It’s a good way to … (e.g., to clear my mind). 总结看法: In my opinion, relaxing is important for everyone. A good way to relax can bring us joy and make our lives more colorful. I think … is not only fun but also helpful. 典例： 1．兴趣爱好是生活的重要组成部分。无论我们身处顺境还是逆境，是感到幸福洋溢还是心情低落，它总能为我们带来温暖、勇气和前进的力量。作为一名初中生，在繁忙的课业之余，许多学生会通过读书、听音乐或看电影等爱好，来放松身心、充实自我。你的爱好是什么呢？请以“My Hobby”为题，写一篇短文谈谈自己的爱好。 内容要点： 1. 你的爱好是什么？(请选择一种进行描述)； 2. 你为什么喜欢它？你的爱好给你的身心、学习或生活带来什么好处？ 要求： 1. 文中不得出现考生的真实姓名和学校名称； 2. 书写工整，语句通顺、连贯，100词左右。 My Hobby ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ My Hobby My hobby is watching movies. A great movie is like a sunny day, bringing laughter and light. In my free time, I often watch documentaries for information. When I’m down, comedies or cartoons with funny characters and happy endings are my choice. I love movies for two reasons. First, they help me relax. After studying hard, watching a funny movie makes me laugh and forget stress. Second, movies teach me about life. Stories of brave characters encourage me to face difficulties bravely. In short, my hobby brings me joy and helps me grow. It’s a wonderful part of my life. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $