Unit 4 Then and now（易错题专项训练·基础知识）英语人教PEP版六年级下册

Unit 4 Then and now 专题01 基础知识·易错题专项训练 · 内容导航 · 1.no和either的用法 2.tell的用法 3.含有look的词组 4.情态动词could的用法 5.play的用法 6.nothing的用法 7.before与now的用法 8.综合训练 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨 易错精讲 no和either的用法高频易错点01 There was no gym either!（P33） They didn’t do the dishes either!（P41） 易错点提示 一、no的用法 表“没有”，后接可数名词单数/复数或不可数名词，相当于“not a/an + 可数名词单数” 或 “not any + 可数名词复数 / 不可数名词”。 易错点： 1. 与not混淆：no 后直接接名词，not 后需接a/an/any 例如：There was no library. / There wasn’t a library. 2. 主谓不一致：no 后接复数名词时，There be 用 were 例如：There were no computers. 3. 否定并列用or：no 连接两个否定名词时，用 or 不用 and， 例如：There were no computers or Internet. 二、either的用法 表“也不”，用于否定句末尾，前加逗号，对应肯定句的 too/also。 易错点： 1. 肯定句误用 either： 错误：I like ice-skate, either. × 正确：I like ice-skate, too. √； 2. 与 neither 混淆：neither 表 “两者都不”，either 表 “也不” 错误：Neither did I, either. × 正确：Neither did I. / I didn’t either. √； 3. 否定句中与 or 混淆：either 表 “也不”，or 表 “或者” 错误：He couldn’t ice-skate or. × 正确：He couldn’t ice-skate, either. √。 经典例题 ( )There was __________ gym in my school three years ago. A. not B. no C. not any D. no a 点拨 答案：B 【解析】not作副词，后面不能直接接名词，要在名词前加上a/an/any等修饰词；而no意思为 “没有”时，作形容词，后面可以直接接名词；此题干中的gym是单数名词，且没有修饰词 a，所以正确答案是no，故选B. 小练笔 01 单项选择 ( )1.There is ______ water in the bottle. I need to buy some. A. no B. not C. any ( )2.—I don’t like this movie. —______. A. I don’t too B. I don’t either C. I do either ( )3.There were ______ books ______ pens on the desk. A. no; and B. no; or C. not; or ( )4.She can’t swim, and I can’t ______. A. too B. also C. either ( )5.—Is there a park near here? —No, there is ______ park. A. no B. not C. any ( )6.He didn’t finish his homework, ______. A. too B. either C. also ( )7.There are ______ trees ______ flowers in the garden. It’s empty. A. no; or B. not; and C. no; and ( )8.I like cats, but my friend doesn’t like them ______. A. too B. either C. also tell的用法高频易错点02 Tell us about your school, please.（P33） Grandpa told Sarah and Wu Binbin about his old school.（P33） 易错点提示 tell意为“告诉”,现在我们来看看tell的常见用法吧。 (1) tell+人(告诉某人) 例如：Let me tell you.让我来告诉你。 (2) tell+人+about+事(给某人讲某事) 例如：Can you tell me about your school?给我讲讲你的学校好吗? (3) tell+人+事 = tell+事+to+人(告诉某人某事) 例如：I want to tell you the news.=I want to tell the news to you.我想要告诉你这个消息。 (4) tell+人+to do sth(告诉某人做某事) 例如：Tell him to sit down.告诉他坐下。 注意：tell是不规则变化动词，其过去式为told。 经典例题 ( )—Excuse me, can you __________ us about your school? —Of course. A. talk B. speak C. tell D. say 点拨 答案：C 【解析】此题需要弄清楚speak, say, talk和tell这四个词的正确用法, speak是指会说话或能说话，会讲某种语言，发表讲话、演讲；say侧重指说话的内容，say后面要接说的内容；talk强调双方谈话，互相聊天, talk后面接“介词to/ with+谈话的对象”，或接“介词about +谈话的主题”；tell指告诉对方某事，讲给对方听，还可指辨别某些东西的不同等。tell后面直接接某人，即：tell sb about sth.故此题选C. 小练笔 02 单项选择 ( )1.Can you ______ me about your summer vacation? A. say B. tell C. speak ( )2.He ______ us a funny story at the party yesterday. A. tell B. told C. tells ( )3.My father often ______ me to be careful with fire. A. tells B. tell C. told ( )4.Please ______ the truth to your parents. A. tell B. say C. speak ( )5.Let me ______ you how to solve this problem. A. tell B. say C. talk 含有look的词组高频易错点03 John, come and look at Mike’s old photos!（P35） I looked it up on the Internet.（P33） 易错点提示 look与某些副词或介词构成具有不同含义的词组，常用的词组及含义如下： 1. look up查寻；查阅 She looked the word up in a dictionary.她在词典里查这个词。 2. look at看 Look at the picture,please.请看这幅图片。 3. look after关心；照顾 She has to look after the dog.她不得不照料那只狗。 4. look for寻找 My grandma is looking for her glasses.我奶奶正在找她的眼镜。 小练笔 03 单项选择。 ( )1.Please ______ the blackboard. I’ll write some new words on it. A. look up B. look at C. look after D. look for ( )2.If you don’t know the word, you can ______ it ______ in the dictionary. A. look; up B. look; at C. look; after D. look; for ( )3.My mother is ill, so I have to ______ my little sister at home. A. look up B. look at C. look after D. look for ( )4.—What are you doing? — I’m ______ my lost key. A. looking up B. looking at C. looking after D. looking for ( )5.He ______ the new word in the dictionary just now. A. looked up B. looked at C. looked after D. looked for 情态动词could的用法高频易错点04 I couldn’t run fast or play basketball well.（P32） Could you see stars at night?（P33） 易错点提示 情态动词could是can的过去式，其用法与can相同。 (1)could加动词原形，不会随人称和数的变化而变化。 (2)含有could的句子变否定句，在could后面加not,可缩写为couldn't. (3)含有could的句子变一般疑问句，只需将could放到句首即可；Could开头的一般疑问句 回答有两种，肯定回答：Yes，主语（人称代称）+could.否定回答：No，主语（人称代称）+ couldn't. 【提醒】could有时不是指can的过去式，而是表达一种比can更委婉的语气。 经典例题 按要求完成句子。 1. Amy could play the piano when she was six.（改为否定句） Amy __________ __________ the piano when she was six. 2. I could play badminton then.（改为一般疑问句并回答） __________ __________ play badminton then? Yes, __________ __________. / No, __________ __________. 点拨 答案：1.couldn't play 2.Could you,I could,I couldn't. 【解析】1.含有情态动词 could的句子，改否定句只需在could后面加not，可缩写为 couldn't,正确答案是：couldn't play. 2.含有情态动词could的句子，改一般疑问句只需将could放到句首并大写首字母，人称I 在疑问句中变成you,正确答案是：Could you,I could,I couldn't. 小练笔 04 一、单项选择。 ( )1.He ______ swim when he was 5 years old. A. can B. could C. couldn’t ( )2.______ you pass me the dictionary, please? A. Couldn’t B. Could C. Should ( )3.She ______ ride a bike last year, so she walked to school. A. can’t B. couldn’t C. doesn’t ( )4.—Could you play the violin when you were young? —Yes, I ______. A. can B. could C. couldn’t ( )5.They ______ finish the project yesterday because they had no time. A. couldn’t B. can’t C. don’t 二、句型转换。 1.He could run fast.（变为否定句） ________________________________________________________ 2.They could play football well.（变为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） ________________________________________________________ 3.She could sing English songs.（对划线部分提问） ________________________________________________________ 4.Could you see the stars at night?（作否定回答） ________________________________________________________ 5.I could draw pictures.（对划线部分提问） ________________________________________________________ play的用法高频易错点05 I couldn’t run fast or play basketball well.（P32） She loves playing badminton now. She plays it every weekend.（P36） 易错点提示 1. 后接球类 / 棋类名词：play +球类/棋类（不加定冠词 the） 例句：He couldn’t play basketball before, but now he plays it very well. 2. 拓展用法：play +the+西洋乐器（加定冠词 the） 例句：She plays the piano every evening. 小练笔 05 单项选择。 ( ) 1. —What sport can you play now? —I can ______ badminton. I couldn’t ______ it before. A. play; play B. played; play C. play; played ( ) 2. He ______ basketball well when he was in Grade 5. Now he plays it every day. A. play B. played C. playyed ( ) 3. —Did your father ______ football in his old school? —Yes, he was good at it. A. play the B. play C. played ( ) 4. She loves ______ badminton now. She didn’t like it when she was short. A. play B. playing C. plays nothing的用法高频易错点06 There was nothing he could do.（P37） 易错点提示 1. nothing用作代词，意为“没有东西；什么也没有” 2. 修饰nothing的形容词、不定式等要放在nothing之后。 例如：It is nothing serious.这是无关紧要的事。 3. nothing用作主语时，谓语动词用单数。例如： Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind into it.世上无难事，只怕有心人。 4. 拓展：与其它常用不定代词everything, anything, something的区别 (1) something意为“有某物 / 事” 常用句式：肯定句；表示请求、建议、希望得到肯定回答的疑问句 例句：肯定句：She has something important to share with us.（她有重要的事要和我们说。） 请求 / 建议疑问句：Would you like something to eat?（你想吃点什么吗？） 注意：不用于否定句。 (2) anything意为任何事；任何物 常用句式：否定句、一般疑问句、肯定句：表 “任何事物” 例句：否定句：He didn’t say anything at the meeting.（他在会上什么也没说。） 一般疑问句：Is there anything wrong with your phone?（你的手机出问题了吗？） 肯定句（表“任何”）：You can choose anything from this shelf.（你可以从这个架子上选任何东西。） (3) nothing没有什么；没有东西（= not...anything） 常用句式：肯定句形式表否定意义，不能再与否定词连用 例句：There is nothing in the fridge.（冰箱里什么都没有。） 同义替换：There isn’t anything in the fridge. (4) everything一切事物；所有东西 常用句式：肯定句、否定句、疑问句均可使用 例句：肯定句：Everything is ready for the trip.（旅行的一切都准备好了。） 否定句：Everything is not perfect.（并非所有事情都是完美的。） 疑问句：Is everything going well?（一切都顺利吗？） 小练笔 06 一、单项选择 ( )1.—What’s wrong with you? —Don’t worry. It’s ______. A. serious nothing B. nothing serious C. serious anything D. anything serious ( )2.I can find ______ useful in this broken box. Let’s throw it away. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything ( )3.He said he had ______ important to share with us. A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything ( )4.There is ______ to watch on TV tonight. Let’s read books instead. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 二、完成句子（每空一词） 1.这没什么奇怪的。 There is _________ _________ about it. 2.他没什么可吃的。 He has _________ _________ _________. 3.我在包里找不到任何有用的东西。 I can find _________ _________ in the bag. 4.他说他没什么重要的事情要告诉你。 He said he had _________ _________ _________ _________ you. before与now的用法高频易错点07 Before, I was quiet. Now, I’m very active in class.（P35） I didn’t like winter before. Now I love to ice-skate, so I like winter.（P36） 易错点提示 1. before 的用法（表 “过去；以前”） 后接一般过去时，动词用过去式 例如：Before, she was short. 2. now 的用法（表 “现在；如今”） 例如：后接一般现在时，动词用原形 Now, he can ride a bike well. 小练笔 07 单项选择 ( ) 1. ______, there was no gym in my school. Now there is a new one. A. Before B. Now C. Today ( ) 2. ______ she couldn’t ice-skate. ______ she can do it well. A. Now; Before B. Before; Now C. Today; Before ( ) 3. I didn’t like PE class ______. Now I love it. A. now B. before C. today ( ) 4. ______, he is very active. He was quiet two years ago. A. Before B. Now C. Yesterday ( ) 5. There were no computers ______. Now we have computers in every classroom. A. before B. now C. today 综合训练 一、选词填空。 1．Allen couldn’t ride a bike (ago / before). 2．Running is good (exercises / exercise). 3．There (was / were) a small house here before. 4．Look! My mother (watches / is watching) TV in the bedroom. 5．—How do you know that? —I (look / looked) it up on internet yesterday. 6．He couldn’t (ride / rode) his bike well before. 二、单项选择。 ( )7．There ________ no bikes in the Tang dynasty. A．is B．was C．were ( )8．There was no ________ five years ago. A．a library B．libraries C．library ( )9．There was ________ he could do. A．anything B．thing C．nothing ( )10．He ________ at 7: 30, and then he does exercise every morning. A．wake up B．wakes up C．woke up ( )11．I ________ a bad dream last night. A．have B．having C．had ( )12．I like winter very much, because I can _________ with my friends. A．go cycling B．go swimming C．go ice­-skating ( )13．Jenny is in Class 1. Lily is in Class 2. They are in _________ classes. A．one B．different C．same ( )14．I love _________ fishing now. A．goes B．to go C．go ( )15．I like playing _________ pipa and playing _________ football. A．the; / B．/; the C．the; the ( )16．People ________ use the Internet at that time. A．can’t B．don’t C．couldn’t ( )17．Tell ________ about your school, please. A．me B．my C．I ( )18．If you don’t know this word, you can ________ in the dictionary. A．look up it B．look it up C．look them up ( )19．—Grandpa, tell us __________ your old school, please. —There was only one small building __________ a hill. A．about; in B．about; on C．of; on ( )20．You can __________ the answer on the Internet. A．look like B．look at C．look up ( )21．I thought it was too cold, so I __________ go cycling. A．can B．could C．couldn’t 三、将下列图片与句子进行匹配。 A．   B．   C．    D．   E. ( )22．Lucy’s hair was long before. Now her hair is short. ( )23．Bob didn’t like summer before. Now he likes it because he can swim in the pool in summer. ( )24．Look at the village. There were no flowers. Now there are a lot of flowers. ( )25．There was no library in our city ten years ago. Now we have a big library. ( )26．There were no computers in my time. 四、将下列问答句匹配。A．Yes, there is a big one in my school. B．He went by bus. C．There was no air-condition or computer in my home. D．She went to the cinema with her friend. E. No, I didn’t. I played basketball. ( )27．What did your mom do yesterday? ( )28．Did you play ping-pong last week? ( )29．How did he go to school before? ( )30．What was your home like before? ( )31．Is there a dining hall in your school? 五、大屏幕上正在播放校园今昔影像。根据图片和首字母提示补全影像讲解。 Welcome to our school! It has a lot of changes. In 1990, there was no I 32 in our school. Now, we can read many books there. Twenty years ago, there were no c 33 . But now, we can use the Internet. There was also no g 34 before. Now, there’s a big and new one. We can do more exercise. There is a big d 35 h 36 in our school, too. We can enjoy delicious food in the building. 六、Julia带叔叔来参观自己的学校。请选择合适的句子补全对话。 Julia: Welcome to my school, Uncle. Uncle: 37 I like your school. Julia: Tell me about your school, please. Uncle: My school was very small. 38 There was no library. Julia: 39 A．There was only one small building. B．How did you learn? C．Could you play sports before? D．Wow, your school is really beautiful. E．No, we didn’t have computer classes. Uncle: Yes, I could. But there was no playground. Julia: Did you have computer classes at your time? Uncle: 40 There were no computers before. Julia: 41 Uncle: We listened to the teachers and read a lot. Julia: Oh, it’s different now. 七、用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文恢复完整。(每空限填一个单词，每个单词限用一次)   be    his    go    big    see    gym I’m Chen Jie. My family and I live in Beijing. Our house 42 big seven years ago. Now, it is 43 than before. Because my grandparents live with us now. Near our house, there was a 44 before. My brother liked to play sports there. It was 45 favourite place. But now, it’s a big cinema. I often 46 films with my brother in it. Near the cinema, there is a beautiful park. The lake in the park is big. I 47 boating on the lake yesterday. It was fun. 八、动物是人类的朋友，但近年来部分野生动物因各种原因濒临灭绝。阅读校园广播站的新闻稿，完成下列任务。 News about Wild Animals In the past, there were many South China tigers, but now there is almost no South China tiger in the wild. There are only over 200 in the zoo. Why are they in great danger? People cut down lots of trees and destroyed (破坏) their homes. They also killed them. Blue whales are the biggest animals in the world. They can be 33 metres long and 181 tons. A blue whale can eat about four tons of food each day. Before, there were many blue whales, but now there are only about 10, 000 in the wild. ( )48．选出材料中提及的濒危动物。 (多选) A．    B．    C．     D． 49．判断句子正(T)误(F)。 ( )(1) There is no South China tiger in the zoo now. ( )(2) A Blue whale can eat about 181tons of food each day. ( )(3) We shouldn’t hurt wild animals and we should protect their homes. 参考答案 小练笔 01 1~5ABBCA 6~8BAB 小练笔 02 1~5BBAAA 小练笔 03 1~5 BACDA 小练笔 04 一、BBBBA 二、1.He couldn’t run fast. 2.—Could they play football well? —Yes, they could. 3.What could she do? 4.No, I couldn’t. 5.What could you do? 小练笔 05 1~4 ABBB 小练笔 06 一、1~5 BCAC 二、1.nothing strange 2.nothing to eat 3.nothing useful 4.nothing important to tell 小练笔 07 1~5ABBBA 综合训练 1．before 2．exercise 3．was 4．is watching 5．looked 6．ride 7．C 8．C 9．C 10．B 11．C 12．C 13．B 14．B 15．A 16．C 17．A 18．B 19．B 20．C 21．C 22．C 23．B 24．D 25．A 26．E 27．D 28．E 29．B 30．C 31．A 32．library 33．computers 34．gym 35．dining 36．hall 37．D 38．A 39．C 40．E 41．B 42．was 43．bigger 44．gym 45．his 46．see 47．went 48．AD 49． F F T 第 1 页 共 18 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $