Unit 2 Rules around us 我们周围的规则（话题阅读精练）英语新教材沪教版五四学制六年级下册

Unit 2 Rules around us 我们周围的规则 话题阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 124 本文介绍了湖南吉首为方便菜农前往市场而开设的“菜农专线”公交服务，并展望了未来拓展服务（如医疗专线、手艺人工勤专线）的计划。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 131 本文介绍了上海市针对中小学体育课程制定的新规。 实战演练 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 161 本文讲述了鲍勃在梦中经历了一天没有规则的生活。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 272 本文主要介绍了道路上一些英文标志及其含义。 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 163 本文介绍了图书馆针对学生的6条规则。 Passage4 完形填空 记叙文 229 本文介绍了东西方交通规则差异 Passage5 完形填空 记叙文 238 本文介绍了生活中无处不在的规则。 时文阅读 Passage1 A Special Bus for Farmers: Connecting Fields and Markets 为菜农开设的专线巴士：连接田间与市场 In Jishou, Hunan, there is a special bus line. It brings farmers directly to the Bayuelou farmers' market. Now it's time for local vegetables to be harvested. Every evening, a green bus full of fresh vegetables and farmers goes to the market. It's 15 kilometers away. The bus line started in May, 2024. Farmers pay 2 yuan for the bus ride. For each bag of vegetables, they pay 1 more yuan. A farmer said, "In the past, it cost 60 yuan to hire a car to the market. Now, it's cheaper and easier. The income from selling vegetables has improved our lives." The bus company will do more in 2025. They will start two new special bus lines. One is a medical bus line for old people. And the other is a commuter bus line for intangible cultural heritage craftsmen. This will make people happier. 在湖南吉首，有一条特殊的公交线路。它将菜农们直接送往八月楼农贸市场。 眼下正是当地蔬菜收获的季节。每天傍晚，一辆满载着新鲜蔬菜和菜农的绿色公交车驶向市场。两地相距15公里。 这条公交专线始于2024年5月。菜农乘车只需支付2元，每携带一袋蔬菜再额外支付1元。一位菜农表示：“过去租车去市场要花60元。现在，既便宜又方便。卖菜的收入改善了我们的生活。” 公交公司计划在2025年做得更多。他们将开通两条新的特色公交专线。一条是为老年人服务的医疗专线，另一条是为非物质文化遗产手艺人服务的通勤专线。这将让人们的（生活）更加幸福。 【长难句分析】 1. 原句：Every evening, a green bus full of fresh vegetables and farmers goes to the market. 句意：每天傍晚，一辆满载着新鲜蔬菜和菜农的绿色公交车驶向市场。 分析：本句是主谓结构。主语是“a green bus”，“full of fresh vegetables and farmers”是形容词短语作后置定语，修饰主语“bus”。谓语是“goes”，介词短语“to the market”作地点状语。“Every evening”是时间状语。 2. 原句：A farmer said, "In the past, it cost 60 yuan to hire a car to the market. Now, it's cheaper and easier. The income from selling vegetables has improved our lives." 句意：一位菜农表示：“过去租车去市场要花60元。现在，既便宜又方便。卖菜的收入改善了我们的生活。” 分析：这是一个直接引语复合句。主句是“A farmer said”。引语部分包含三个独立句子。第一句“In the past, it cost 60 yuan to hire a car to the market.”中，“it”是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语“to hire a car to the market”。第二句“Now, it's cheaper and easier.”是主系表结构。第三句“The income from selling vegetables has improved our lives.”是主谓宾结构，其中“from selling vegetables”是介词短语作后置定语，修饰主语“The income”。 【重难词汇梳理】 ① Jishou n. 吉首 ② special adj. 特殊的 ③ bus line n. 公交线路 ④ farmers n. 农民 (farmer的复数) ⑤ directly adv. 直接地 ⑥ farmers' market n. 农贸市场 ⑦ local adj. 当地的 ⑧ vegetables n. 蔬菜 (vegetable的复数) ⑨ harvested v. 收获 (harvest的过去分词) ⑩ fresh adj. 新鲜的 ⑪ kilometers n. 公里 (kilometer的复数) ⑫ started v. 开始 (start的过去式) ⑬ pay v. 支付 ⑭ hire v. 租用 ⑮ cheaper adj. 更便宜的 (cheap的比较级) ⑯ easier adj. 更容易的 (easy的比较级) ⑰ income n. 收入 ⑱ improved v. 改善 (improve的过去式) ⑲ medical adj. 医疗的 ⑳ intangible cultural heritage n. 非物质文化遗产 Passage2 New Shanghai Rules for PE 上海中小学生体育课程新规 Shanghai has new rules for PE classes in primary and secondary schools. Students must do 2 hours of exercise every day, mainly (主要地) at school. They need to sweat (出汗) a lot. It would be great if they still wear sports clothes even in winter. Schools will give students sports bracelets (手环). This will make PE classes more effective (有效的) and keep students safe. And students will learn at least two sports skills. Schools should make good use of monthly “sports day” events. Students can do outdoor activities under the sun. Schools can also open up their sports events to parents and the communities. New schools will make their sports facilities (设施) better. ★Existing (现存的) schools will make the best use of their space, like building “sky courts (空中球场)”. In this way, all schools can let their students play sports well. 上海出台了针对中小学体育课程的新规定。学生每天必须进行2小时体育锻炼，主要在校内完成。他们需要大量出汗。即使在冬天也坚持穿着运动服锻炼，那就更好了。 学校将为学生配备运动手环。这将使体育课更有效，也能保障学生安全。此外，学生将至少学习两项运动技能。 学校应充分利用每月一次的“运动日”活动。学生可以在阳光下进行户外活动。学校也可以向家长和社区开放其体育活动。新建学校将改善其体育设施。现有的学校将最大限度地利用空间，例如建设“空中球场”。通过这种方式，所有学校都能让学生的体育运动开展得更好。 【长难句分析】 1. 原句：Schools can also open up their sports events to parents and the communities. 句意：学校也可以向家长和社区开放其体育活动。 分析：本句是主谓宾结构。主语是“Schools”，谓语动词是情态动词“can”和动词短语“open up”构成的复合谓语。“their sports events”是宾语。介词短语“to parents and the communities”作状语，表示开放的对象。 2. 原句：Existing schools will make the best use of their space, like building “sky courts”. 句意：现有的学校将最大限度地利用空间，例如建设“空中球场”。 分析：本句是主谓宾结构。主语是“Existing schools”，谓语是“will make the best use of”，宾语是“their space”。介词短语“like building ‘sky courts’”作方式状语，举例说明如何利用空间，其中“building ‘sky courts’”是动名词短语作介词“like”的宾语。 【重难词汇梳理】 ① Shanghai n. 上海 ② rules n. 规定 (rule的复数) ③ PE classes n. 体育课 ④ primary adj. 小学的 ⑤ secondary adj. 中学的 ⑥ exercise n. 锻炼 ⑦ mainly adv. 主要地 ⑧ sweat v. 出汗 ⑨ sports bracelets n. 运动手环 ⑩ effective adj. 有效的 ⑪ skills n. 技能 (skill的复数) ⑫ make good use of phr. 充分利用 ⑬ monthly adj. 每月的 ⑭ outdoor activities n. 户外活动 ⑮ under the sun phr. 在阳光下 ⑯ open up phr. 开放 ⑰ communities n. 社区 (community的复数) ⑱ sports facilities n. 体育设施 ⑲ make the best use of phr. 最大限度地利用 ⑳ sky courts n. 空中球场 实战演练 Passage1 Ms White and her students are talking about rules in class. Bob thinks, “I don’t like rules. School will be a better place without any rules.” Next day, Bob comes to school. Ms White smiles and says, “Today we won’t have any rules in our school!” “Hurrah!” Bob shouts happily. The STEM class begins. It’s Bob’s turn to talk, but no one pays any attention to him. He says loudly, “Keep quiet! I’m trying to tell you something!” Jim replies, “No. It’s a day without rules!” In the PE class, Bob wants to play tennis and asks, “May I have a turn?” Emma says, “No. No rules today!” At lunchtime, someone takes some of Bob’s food without asking. “It’s my food,” Bob cries out, “What’s happening today? No one listens to me, no one lets me play... Can we have our rules back now?” “Wake up, Bob. Are you having a dream? It’s time for school!” Bob hears his mum’s voice. 1．Why does Bob shout “Hurrah!”? A．He gets a new book from Ms White. B．He thinks no-rules day is great. C．He wins the tennis game in PE class. D．He eats his favorite food at lunchtime. 2．What happens in STEM class? A．Everyone listens to Bob carefully. B．Bob can’t get others’ attention. C．Jim helps Bob practice speaking. D．Ms White stops the noisy class. 3．What does “without asking” mean in the passage? A．未经同意 B．大声询问 C．主动请求 D．偷偷寻找 4．What is the main message of the story? A．Rules are not useful for students. B．Rules make life better and orderly. C．Dreams can tell us interesting stories. D．We should always listen to others. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．B 【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了鲍勃一开始不喜欢规则，认为没有规则学校会更好，在梦中经历了一天没有规则的生活后，发现没有规则生活变得混乱，最后意识到规则让生活更美好有序的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Today we won’t have any rules in our school!” “Hurrah!” Bob shouts happily.可知，鲍勃喊“万岁”是因为他认为没有规则的一天很棒。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“It’s Bob’s turn to talk, but no one pays any attention to him.”可知，在STEM课上，鲍勃无法引起其他人的注意。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据文章第五段“‘It’s my food,’ Bob cries out”可知，有人未经鲍勃同意就拿走了他的食物，“without asking”意为“未经同意”。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。文章讲述了鲍勃一开始不喜欢规则，在经历了一天没有规则的生活后，发现没有规则生活变得混乱，最后意识到规则让生活更美好有序。故选B。 Passage2 Today’s post is all about signs in English. You will see signs on the road while driving or when walking down a street. Now let’s take a closer look at the signs in the picture below, so you can fully understand in case (万一) you meet one of them. Starting with the top row, we have a: Yield sign (让行标志)—This sign indicates (标示) that you need to slow down, but you may not have to come to a full stop. Crosswalk—This is a sign that indicates people have the right of way to cross the street, so cars have to stop when they see a person waiting next to one of these signs. The second row: Do not enter—This sign indicates you are not allowed to enter a road at that point. Buckle up (系好安全带)!—There are often signs on the roads in the United States reminding people that wearing seat belts (安全带) is  mandatory (强制的) (Seat belt laws differ depending on which state you are in, but all the US states have seat belt laws.). The third row: Be alert (警惕的) for wild animals—This is another sign that is used to indicate to drivers and pedestrians (行人) that they should be alert for wildlife in the area. Playground—This is the sign used to alert drivers that there is a playground nearby, so it is a good idea to slow down and watch for children. 1．Where can you often see the signs? A．In a factory. B．On a farm. C．On the road. D．In the classroom. 2．What should you do when you see the “Yield” sign? A．We should slow down. B．We should enter a road at that point. C．We have to come to a full stop. D．We should be alert for wildlife in the area. 3．The following statements are true EXCEPT . A．people should stop when seeing the “Crosswalk” sign B．the “Playground” sign indicates people should slow down and be careful C．you may not have to come to a full stop when seeing the “Yield” sign D．they should be alert for wildlife in the area with the sign of “Be alert for wild animals” 4．Which sentence can we fill in the blank in Paragraph 1? A．why they are here B．what are the meanings C．how should we do D．what they mean 5．What’s the best title of this passage? A．All the US states have seat belt laws B．Signs on the road in English C．Drivers should obey the rules D．Being alert for wildlife 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了道路上的一些英文标志及其含义。 1．细节理解题。根据“You will see signs on the road while driving or when walking down a street.”可知，这些标志通常在道路上能看到，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Yield sign (让行标志)—This sign indicates (标示) that you need to slow down, but you may not have to come to a full stop.”可知，看到“让行”标志时应该减速，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Crosswalk—This is a sign that indicates people have the right of way to cross the street, so cars have to stop when they see a person waiting next to one of these signs.”可知人行横道——这是一种标志，表明行人有优先通行权可以横穿马路，所以当车辆看到有人在这样的人行横道标志旁等候时，就必须停车。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据后文对各种标志含义的解释可知，第一段空白处应该是问这些标志是什么意思，“what they mean”符合语境，故选D。 5．最佳标题题。文章主要介绍了道路上的一些英文标志及其含义，所以最佳标题是“Signs on the road in English”，故选B。 Passage3 Here are the library rules for all the students: Rule I: Always remember to take your library card with you before you come into the library. You mustn’t come in if you haven’t got a card. Rule II: Your library card is only for your own use. Anyone else mustn’t use yours to borrow a book or magazine from the library. Rule III: If you have lost your library card, you can come to get a new one for free with your student card. Rule IV: Take good care of the books you have borrowed from the library. If you lose one, you must pay what it really costs. Rule V: You can keep a borrowed book or magazine for fourteen days. You must give it back to the library when time is up. If you haven’t finished reading one, you must come to renew it. Rule VI: Tell us your e-mail address, so we can share with you some new interesting books. 1．What must a student bring before going into the library? A．a library card. B．a birthday card. C．a postcard. D．a student card 2．If you lose the book you have borrowed from the library, ________. A．you will pay nothing for it B．you can pay less for it. C．you must pay the same for it D．you must pay more for it 3．What may the underlined word “renew” mean in Chinese? A．归还 B．续借 C．买下 D．赔偿 4．How does the library share new interesting books with you? A．By telephone. B．By We-chat. C．By e-mail. D．By Twitter. 5．The main purpose of the article is to let students ________. A．make the rules B．polish the rules C．break the rules D．follow the rules 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了学校图书馆针对学生的6条规则，涵盖入馆凭证、卡的使用与补办、图书保管、借阅期限、续借及信息共享方式等内容。 1．细节理解题。根据文中“Rule I: Always remember to take your library card with you before you come into the library. You mustn’t come in if you haven’t got a card.”可知，学生进图书馆前必须带借书证，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文中“Rule IV: Take good care of the books... If you lose one, you must pay what it really costs.”可知，图书丢了的话，要按实际价格赔偿，故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据文中“Rule V: You can keep a borrowed book... If you haven’t finished reading one, you must come to renew it.”可知，规则V：借的书可保留14天，没读完要“renew”，结合借书场景，没读完时通常是“续借”，所以“renew”意为“续借”，故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据文中“Rule VI: Tell us your e-mail address, so we can share with you some new interesting books.”可知，规则VI：告知电子邮箱，图书馆会通过邮件分享新书，故选C。 5．主旨大意题。文章标题“Here are the library rules for all the students”是“这是给学生的图书馆规则 ”，全文介绍了6条规则，目的是让学生遵守规则，故选D 。 Passage4 Traffic rules are important for everyone. But do you know traffic rules are different in the East and West? In many Western countries, people drive on the 1 side of the road. However, in some Eastern countries like Japan and the UK, people drive on the left. This can be very 2 for visitors from different places. When they drive a car to travel, they must be very careful. Another difference is about turning. In the West, at some crossings, drivers can turn right even when the traffic light is red, as long as there is no other traffic. But in most Eastern countries, drivers have to 3 until the light turns green. Parking is also different. In Western cities, people need to pay for parking by using a parking meter. In some Eastern cities, it can be more difficult to find a place to park, and people might have to park on the side of the road, following certain 4 . Traffic rules also have something in common. 5 is the most important thing everywhere. Whether in the East or the West, people must wear seat belts in the car. And for motorcyclists, wearing helmets is a must. These rules are made to protect people from getting hurt. So, if you travel 6 different countries, it’s important to learn about the local traffic rules before you start driving. 1．A．left B．right C．middle D．back 2．A．exciting B．interesting C．confusing D．boring 3．A．talk B．turn C．drive D．wait 4．A．habits B．rules C．ways D．times 5．A．Safety B．Money C．Freedom D．Traffic 6．A．around B．between C．among D．from 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．A 【导语】本文围绕东西方交通规则差异展开，介绍了行车方向、转弯规则、停车规定等方面的不同，也提及交通规则的共同之处，最后建议人们去不同国家旅行前了解当地交通规则。 1．句意：在许多西方国家，人们靠道路的右侧行驶。 left左边；right右边；middle中间；back回来。根据“In many Western countries, people drive on the … side of the road. However, in some Eastern countries like Japan and the UK, people drive on the left.”可知，后文用However转折，提到部分东方国家，如日本、英国靠左行驶，可推知西方国家是靠右行驶。故选B。 2．句意：这对来自不同地方的游客来说可能非常令人困惑。 exciting兴奋的；interesting有趣的；confusing困惑的；boring无聊的。根据“This can be very … for visitors from different places. When they drive a car to travel, they must be very careful.”可知，前文说东西方行车方向不同，游客驾车旅行时得格外小心，说明这种差异会让游客困惑。故选C。 3．句意：但在大多数东方国家，司机必须等待直到绿灯亮起才能转弯。 talk交流；turn转变；drive驾驶；wait等待。根据“But in most Eastern countries, drivers have to … until the light turns green.”可知，前文讲西方部分路口红灯时可右转，即无其他交通情况时，此处用But转折，东方国家应是要等待绿灯。故选D。 4．句意：在一些东方城市，找停车位更难，人们可能得把车停在路边，遵循特定的规则。 habits习惯；rules规则；ways方法；times时光。根据“In some Eastern cities, it can be more difficult to find a place to park, and people might have to park on the side of the road, following certain.”可知，停车得遵循规则。故选B。 5．句意：安全是各地最重要的事。 Safety安全；Money金钱；Freedom自由；Traffic交通。根据“Whether in the East or the West, people must wear seat belts in the car. And for motorcyclists, wearing helmets is a must. These rules are made to protect people from getting hurt.”可知，后文说交通规则是为保护人们免受伤害，可推知安全最重要。故选A。 6．句意：所以，如果你去不同国家旅行，在开始开车前了解当地交通规则很重要。 around到处；between在二者之间；among在三者及以上之间；from来自。根据“So, if you travel … different countries, it’s important to learn about the local traffic rules before you start driving.”可知，travel around是固定搭配，意为“周游；在……各地旅行”。故选A。 Passage5 Rules around us Rules are everywhere in our lives. They help us live safely, learn effectively, and work together. Let’s explore how rules shape different parts of our world. School Rules Schools have rules to create a fair environment. For example, students must wear uniforms to avoid comparisons. They must also arrive 1 for class. While some think “no phones in class” is strict, teachers say it helps students focus. Family Rules At home, parents set rules to teach responsibility. Children might need to clean their rooms or 2 their toys after playing. Parents should explain why these rules matter, so kids understand their purpose. Traffic Rules On roads, traffic rules save lives. Drivers must stop at red lights and wear seat belts. Pedestrians should use crosswalks. Following these rules reduces accidents. Sports Rules In basketball, a player who runs while holding the ball breaks the “traveling” rule. The referee then gives the ball to the other team. Rules keep games fun and 3 . Library Rules Libraries require quietness for studying. Books must be returned on time to avoid fines. These rules let everyone 4 resources peacefully. Lab Rules Before entering the lab, students must wear safety goggles and lab coats. These protect eyes and clothes from spills or splashes. Never touch equipment or chemicals 5 the teacher’s permission. During experiments, stay focused and follow instructions. Rules may seem strict at first, but 6 , they protect and guide us. 1．A．late B．early C．on time D．slowly 2．A．turn off B．put away C．look for D．give up 3．A．lucky B．exciting C．fair D．interesting 4．A．communicate B．share C．buy D．lose 5．A．with B．without C．under D．over 6．A．in fact B．at first C．for example D．at most 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．B 6．A 【导语】本文介绍了生活中无处不在的规则，阐述了学校、家庭、交通、体育、图书馆和实验室等不同场景下规则的作用与具体内容。 1．句意：他们也必须按时上课。 late晚地；early早地；on time按时；slowly缓慢地。根据“Schools have rules to create a fair environment.”可知，学校规则是为创造公平环境，学生按时上课是基本要求，符合学校规则设定目的。故选C。 2．句意：孩子们可能需要打扫他们的房间或者在玩完后收拾他们的玩具。 turn off关闭；put away收拾、整理；look for寻找；give up放弃。根据“At home, parents set rules to teach responsibility.”可知，家庭规则旨在教导责任，玩完后收拾玩具是培养孩子责任意识的体现。故选 B。 3．句意：规则让比赛有趣且公平。 lucky幸运的；exciting令人兴奋的；fair公平的；interesting有趣的。根据“In basketball, a player who runs while holding the ball breaks the ‘traveling’ rule. The referee then gives the ball to the other team.”可知，体育规则用于规范比赛行为，确保比赛在公平的条件下进行。故选C。 4．句意：这些规则让每个人和平地共享资源。 communicate交流；share分享、共享；buy买；lose失去。根据“Libraries require quietness for studying. Books must be returned on time to avoid fines.”可知，图书馆规则保障学习环境和书籍流通，目的是让大家能够共享图书资源。故选B。 5．句意：没有老师的允许，绝不触摸设备或化学药品。 with和……一起、有；without没有；under在……下面；over在……上面。根据“Before entering the lab, students must wear safety goggles and lab coats. These protect eyes and clothes from spills or splashes.”可知，实验室存在危险，未经老师许可不能触碰相关物品，才能保障安全。故选B。 6．句意：规则起初可能看似严格，但事实上，它们保护和引导着我们。 in fact事实上；at first起初；for example例如；at most至多。根据“Rules may seem strict at first”以及“they protect and guide us”可知，此处强调规则表面与实际作用的对比，说明规则实际是起到保护和引导作用的。故选A。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Rules around us 我们周围的规则 话题阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 124 本文介绍了湖南吉首为方便菜农前往市场而开设的“菜农专线”公交服务，并展望了未来拓展服务（如医疗专线、手艺人工勤专线）的计划。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 131 本文介绍了上海市针对中小学体育课程制定的新规。 实战演练 Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 161 本文讲述了鲍勃在梦中经历了一天没有规则的生活。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 272 本文主要介绍了道路上一些英文标志及其含义。 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 163 本文介绍了图书馆针对学生的6条规则。 Passage4 完形填空 记叙文 229 本文介绍了东西方交通规则差异 Passage5 完形填空 记叙文 238 本文介绍了生活中无处不在的规则。 时文阅读 Passage1 A Special Bus for Farmers: Connecting Fields and Markets 为菜农开设的专线巴士：连接田间与市场 In Jishou, Hunan, there is a special bus line. It brings farmers directly to the Bayuelou farmers' market. Now it's time for local vegetables to be harvested. Every evening, a green bus full of fresh vegetables and farmers goes to the market. It's 15 kilometers away. The bus line started in May, 2024. Farmers pay 2 yuan for the bus ride. For each bag of vegetables, they pay 1 more yuan. A farmer said, "In the past, it cost 60 yuan to hire a car to the market. Now, it's cheaper and easier. The income from selling vegetables has improved our lives." The bus company will do more in 2025. They will start two new special bus lines. One is a medical bus line for old people. And the other is a commuter bus line for intangible cultural heritage craftsmen. This will make people happier. 在湖南吉首，有一条特殊的公交线路。它将菜农们直接送往八月楼农贸市场。 眼下正是当地蔬菜收获的季节。每天傍晚，一辆满载着新鲜蔬菜和菜农的绿色公交车驶向市场。两地相距15公里。 这条公交专线始于2024年5月。菜农乘车只需支付2元，每携带一袋蔬菜再额外支付1元。一位菜农表示：“过去租车去市场要花60元。现在，既便宜又方便。卖菜的收入改善了我们的生活。” 公交公司计划在2025年做得更多。他们将开通两条新的特色公交专线。一条是为老年人服务的医疗专线，另一条是为非物质文化遗产手艺人服务的通勤专线。这将让人们的（生活）更加幸福。 【长难句分析】 1. 原句：Every evening, a green bus full of fresh vegetables and farmers goes to the market. 句意：每天傍晚，一辆满载着新鲜蔬菜和菜农的绿色公交车驶向市场。 分析：本句是主谓结构。主语是“a green bus”，“full of fresh vegetables and farmers”是形容词短语作后置定语，修饰主语“bus”。谓语是“goes”，介词短语“to the market”作地点状语。“Every evening”是时间状语。 2. 原句：A farmer said, "In the past, it cost 60 yuan to hire a car to the market. Now, it's cheaper and easier. The income from selling vegetables has improved our lives." 句意：一位菜农表示：“过去租车去市场要花60元。现在，既便宜又方便。卖菜的收入改善了我们的生活。” 分析：这是一个直接引语复合句。主句是“A farmer said”。引语部分包含三个独立句子。第一句“In the past, it cost 60 yuan to hire a car to the market.”中，“it”是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语“to hire a car to the market”。第二句“Now, it's cheaper and easier.”是主系表结构。第三句“The income from selling vegetables has improved our lives.”是主谓宾结构，其中“from selling vegetables”是介词短语作后置定语，修饰主语“The income”。 【重难词汇梳理】 ① Jishou n. 吉首 ② special adj. 特殊的 ③ bus line n. 公交线路 ④ farmers n. 农民 (farmer的复数) ⑤ directly adv. 直接地 ⑥ farmers' market n. 农贸市场 ⑦ local adj. 当地的 ⑧ vegetables n. 蔬菜 (vegetable的复数) ⑨ harvested v. 收获 (harvest的过去分词) ⑩ fresh adj. 新鲜的 ⑪ kilometers n. 公里 (kilometer的复数) ⑫ started v. 开始 (start的过去式) ⑬ pay v. 支付 ⑭ hire v. 租用 ⑮ cheaper adj. 更便宜的 (cheap的比较级) ⑯ easier adj. 更容易的 (easy的比较级) ⑰ income n. 收入 ⑱ improved v. 改善 (improve的过去式) ⑲ medical adj. 医疗的 ⑳ intangible cultural heritage n. 非物质文化遗产 Passage2 New Shanghai Rules for PE 上海中小学生体育课程新规 Shanghai has new rules for PE classes in primary and secondary schools. Students must do 2 hours of exercise every day, mainly (主要地) at school. They need to sweat (出汗) a lot. It would be great if they still wear sports clothes even in winter. Schools will give students sports bracelets (手环). This will make PE classes more effective (有效的) and keep students safe. And students will learn at least two sports skills. Schools should make good use of monthly “sports day” events. Students can do outdoor activities under the sun. Schools can also open up their sports events to parents and the communities. New schools will make their sports facilities (设施) better. ★Existing (现存的) schools will make the best use of their space, like building “sky courts (空中球场)”. In this way, all schools can let their students play sports well. 上海出台了针对中小学体育课程的新规定。学生每天必须进行2小时体育锻炼，主要在校内完成。他们需要大量出汗。即使在冬天也坚持穿着运动服锻炼，那就更好了。 学校将为学生配备运动手环。这将使体育课更有效，也能保障学生安全。此外，学生将至少学习两项运动技能。 学校应充分利用每月一次的“运动日”活动。学生可以在阳光下进行户外活动。学校也可以向家长和社区开放其体育活动。新建学校将改善其体育设施。现有的学校将最大限度地利用空间，例如建设“空中球场”。通过这种方式，所有学校都能让学生的体育运动开展得更好。 【长难句分析】 1. 原句：Schools can also open up their sports events to parents and the communities. 句意：学校也可以向家长和社区开放其体育活动。 分析：本句是主谓宾结构。主语是“Schools”，谓语动词是情态动词“can”和动词短语“open up”构成的复合谓语。“their sports events”是宾语。介词短语“to parents and the communities”作状语，表示开放的对象。 2. 原句：Existing schools will make the best use of their space, like building “sky courts”. 句意：现有的学校将最大限度地利用空间，例如建设“空中球场”。 分析：本句是主谓宾结构。主语是“Existing schools”，谓语是“will make the best use of”，宾语是“their space”。介词短语“like building ‘sky courts’”作方式状语，举例说明如何利用空间，其中“building ‘sky courts’”是动名词短语作介词“like”的宾语。 【重难词汇梳理】 ① Shanghai n. 上海 ② rules n. 规定 (rule的复数) ③ PE classes n. 体育课 ④ primary adj. 小学的 ⑤ secondary adj. 中学的 ⑥ exercise n. 锻炼 ⑦ mainly adv. 主要地 ⑧ sweat v. 出汗 ⑨ sports bracelets n. 运动手环 ⑩ effective adj. 有效的 ⑪ skills n. 技能 (skill的复数) ⑫ make good use of phr. 充分利用 ⑬ monthly adj. 每月的 ⑭ outdoor activities n. 户外活动 ⑮ under the sun phr. 在阳光下 ⑯ open up phr. 开放 ⑰ communities n. 社区 (community的复数) ⑱ sports facilities n. 体育设施 ⑲ make the best use of phr. 最大限度地利用 ⑳ sky courts n. 空中球场 实战演练 Passage1 Ms White and her students are talking about rules in class. Bob thinks, “I don’t like rules. School will be a better place without any rules.” Next day, Bob comes to school. Ms White smiles and says, “Today we won’t have any rules in our school!” “Hurrah!” Bob shouts happily. The STEM class begins. It’s Bob’s turn to talk, but no one pays any attention to him. He says loudly, “Keep quiet! I’m trying to tell you something!” Jim replies, “No. It’s a day without rules!” In the PE class, Bob wants to play tennis and asks, “May I have a turn?” Emma says, “No. No rules today!” At lunchtime, someone takes some of Bob’s food without asking. “It’s my food,” Bob cries out, “What’s happening today? No one listens to me, no one lets me play... Can we have our rules back now?” “Wake up, Bob. Are you having a dream? It’s time for school!” Bob hears his mum’s voice. 1．Why does Bob shout “Hurrah!”? A．He gets a new book from Ms White. B．He thinks no-rules day is great. C．He wins the tennis game in PE class. D．He eats his favorite food at lunchtime. 2．What happens in STEM class? A．Everyone listens to Bob carefully. B．Bob can’t get others’ attention. C．Jim helps Bob practice speaking. D．Ms White stops the noisy class. 3．What does “without asking” mean in the passage? A．未经同意 B．大声询问 C．主动请求 D．偷偷寻找 4．What is the main message of the story? A．Rules are not useful for students. B．Rules make life better and orderly. C．Dreams can tell us interesting stories. D．We should always listen to others. Passage2 Today’s post is all about signs in English. You will see signs on the road while driving or when walking down a street. Now let’s take a closer look at the signs in the picture below, so you can fully understand in case (万一) you meet one of them. Starting with the top row, we have a: Yield sign (让行标志)—This sign indicates (标示) that you need to slow down, but you may not have to come to a full stop. Crosswalk—This is a sign that indicates people have the right of way to cross the street, so cars have to stop when they see a person waiting next to one of these signs. The second row: Do not enter—This sign indicates you are not allowed to enter a road at that point. Buckle up (系好安全带)!—There are often signs on the roads in the United States reminding people that wearing seat belts (安全带) is  mandatory (强制的) (Seat belt laws differ depending on which state you are in, but all the US states have seat belt laws.). The third row: Be alert (警惕的) for wild animals—This is another sign that is used to indicate to drivers and pedestrians (行人) that they should be alert for wildlife in the area. Playground—This is the sign used to alert drivers that there is a playground nearby, so it is a good idea to slow down and watch for children. 1．Where can you often see the signs? A．In a factory. B．On a farm. C．On the road. D．In the classroom. 2．What should you do when you see the “Yield” sign? A．We should slow down. B．We should enter a road at that point. C．We have to come to a full stop. D．We should be alert for wildlife in the area. 3．The following statements are true EXCEPT . A．people should stop when seeing the “Crosswalk” sign B．the “Playground” sign indicates people should slow down and be careful C．you may not have to come to a full stop when seeing the “Yield” sign D．they should be alert for wildlife in the area with the sign of “Be alert for wild animals” 4．Which sentence can we fill in the blank in Paragraph 1? A．why they are here B．what are the meanings C．how should we do D．what they mean 5．What’s the best title of this passage? A．All the US states have seat belt laws B．Signs on the road in English C．Drivers should obey the rules D．Being alert for wildlife Passage3 Here are the library rules for all the students: Rule I: Always remember to take your library card with you before you come into the library. You mustn’t come in if you haven’t got a card. Rule II: Your library card is only for your own use. Anyone else mustn’t use yours to borrow a book or magazine from the library. Rule III: If you have lost your library card, you can come to get a new one for free with your student card. Rule IV: Take good care of the books you have borrowed from the library. If you lose one, you must pay what it really costs. Rule V: You can keep a borrowed book or magazine for fourteen days. You must give it back to the library when time is up. If you haven’t finished reading one, you must come to renew it. Rule VI: Tell us your e-mail address, so we can share with you some new interesting books. 1．What must a student bring before going into the library? A．a library card. B．a birthday card. C．a postcard. D．a student card 2．If you lose the book you have borrowed from the library, ________. A．you will pay nothing for it B．you can pay less for it. C．you must pay the same for it D．you must pay more for it 3．What may the underlined word “renew” mean in Chinese? A．归还 B．续借 C．买下 D．赔偿 4．How does the library share new interesting books with you? A．By telephone. B．By We-chat. C．By e-mail. D．By Twitter. 5．The main purpose of the article is to let students ________. A．make the rules B．polish the rules C．break the rules D．follow the rules Passage4 Traffic rules are important for everyone. But do you know traffic rules are different in the East and West? In many Western countries, people drive on the 1 side of the road. However, in some Eastern countries like Japan and the UK, people drive on the left. This can be very 2 for visitors from different places. When they drive a car to travel, they must be very careful. Another difference is about turning. In the West, at some crossings, drivers can turn right even when the traffic light is red, as long as there is no other traffic. But in most Eastern countries, drivers have to 3 until the light turns green. Parking is also different. In Western cities, people need to pay for parking by using a parking meter. In some Eastern cities, it can be more difficult to find a place to park, and people might have to park on the side of the road, following certain 4 . Traffic rules also have something in common. 5 is the most important thing everywhere. Whether in the East or the West, people must wear seat belts in the car. And for motorcyclists, wearing helmets is a must. These rules are made to protect people from getting hurt. So, if you travel 6 different countries, it’s important to learn about the local traffic rules before you start driving. 1．A．left B．right C．middle D．back 2．A．exciting B．interesting C．confusing D．boring 3．A．talk B．turn C．drive D．wait 4．A．habits B．rules C．ways D．times 5．A．Safety B．Money C．Freedom D．Traffic 6．A．around B．between C．among D．from Passage5 Rules around us Rules are everywhere in our lives. They help us live safely, learn effectively, and work together. Let’s explore how rules shape different parts of our world. School Rules Schools have rules to create a fair environment. For example, students must wear uniforms to avoid comparisons. They must also arrive 1 for class. While some think “no phones in class” is strict, teachers say it helps students focus. Family Rules At home, parents set rules to teach responsibility. Children might need to clean their rooms or 2 their toys after playing. Parents should explain why these rules matter, so kids understand their purpose. Traffic Rules On roads, traffic rules save lives. Drivers must stop at red lights and wear seat belts. Pedestrians should use crosswalks. Following these rules reduces accidents. Sports Rules In basketball, a player who runs while holding the ball breaks the “traveling” rule. The referee then gives the ball to the other team. Rules keep games fun and 3 . Library Rules Libraries require quietness for studying. Books must be returned on time to avoid fines. These rules let everyone 4 resources peacefully. Lab Rules Before entering the lab, students must wear safety goggles and lab coats. These protect eyes and clothes from spills or splashes. Never touch equipment or chemicals 5 the teacher’s permission. During experiments, stay focused and follow instructions. Rules may seem strict at first, but 6 , they protect and guide us. 1．A．late B．early C．on time D．slowly 2．A．turn off B．put away C．look for D．give up 3．A．lucky B．exciting C．fair D．interesting 4．A．communicate B．share C．buy D．lose 5．A．with B．without C．under D．over 6．A．in fact B．at first C．for example D．at most 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $