Unit1 Everyone is different 单元语法精讲巧练 -六年级英语下册单元整体优化精准练（新教材沪教版五四制）

Unit1 Everyone is different单元语法讲与练 6. 单元语法精讲 1. 一般将来时（will） 核心要点 具体内容 单元例句 定义 表示未来的预测、即时决定或未经计划的意图 He will probably choose to sing a pop song.（预测）/ Ill help you practice the dance.（即时决定） 基本构成 肯定句：主语 + will + 动词原形否定句：主语 + will not（wont） + 动词原形一般疑问句：Will + 主语 + 动词原形？ - She will perform a piano solo.（肯定）- They wont take part in the show.（否定）- Will you join the talent show?（疑问） 与be going to的区别 will：表预测（无证据）、即时决定be going to：表计划好的事、有证据的预测 - I think it will rain.（will表预测）- Look at the dark clouds! Its going to rain.（be going to表有证据的预测） 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作，事情或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作或事情。 will/shall+动词原形，shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称，will not=won’t，shall not=shan’t。 Which paragraph shall I read first? 我先读哪一段呢？ Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点回家好吗？ 比较：一般将来时: will/ be going to do will be going to do 临时决定 I'm hungry now and i will h ave something to eat. 事先计划 I'm going to go to the part tomorrow. 主观预测 I think i will win this game. 迹象表明 Look at the sun. It's going to be sunny. 将来事实 He will be eight years old next year. 即将发生 It's going to rain. You'd better go home now. 表示决心/意愿 I will work hard next year. 条件状语从句 【主将从句、主过从过】 If tomorrow is sunny, I will go to the park. 提示词： tomorrow this weekend next+时间点 in… days/ weeks/ years Language Tips 一般将来时 结构 be going to do/be not going to do will do/will not do(第一人称也可用shall) 常用时间状语 tomorrow, tomorrow morning / afternoon tonight, next week / month / year, next Sunday / Monday / Tuesday.., next January / February.., next spring / summer.., soon,in two days, this weekend 等 2. 指示代词（this/that/these/those） 类型 用法 单元例句 this（近指单数） 指代近处的人/物、介绍他人、指代上文内容 This is my new guitar.（指代近处的物） that（远指单数） 指代远处的人/物、指代上文内容、打电话时指代对方 That girl over there is my partner.（指代远处的人） these（近指复数） 指代近处的复数人/物 These are my performance photos.（指代近处的复数物） those（远指复数） 指代远处的复数人/物 Those students are preparing for the talent show.（指代远处的复数人） 指示代词包括 this,that,these和those等，this,these指在时间或空间上离说话人较近的人或物；that,those指在时间或空间上离说话人较远的人或物。this,that指代单数名词；these,those指代复数名词。 1.打电话时，常用this介绍自己是谁，用that 询问对方是谁。 Hello.This is John.Who is that speaking?你好，我是约翰。你是哪位？ 2.that,those 常用来替代已提到过的名词，以避免重复。that指代不可数名词或特指的单数可数名词，those指代特指的复数可数名词。 例：His own experience was different from that of his friends.代替 experience他本人的经历和他朋友不同。 The days in summer are longer than those in winter.代替 the days夏季的白天比冬季的白天长。 3.it,one,that作替代词时的用法区别。 it特指同类同物的单数可数名词。 one代替同类异物的可数名词，表示泛指，复数形式用ones. that代替同类异物的不可数名词或单数可数名词，表示特指含义，其复数形式those只能代替复数可数名词。 例：I can't find my key. I think I must have lost it.指上文提到的my key我找不到我的钥匙了。我觉得我一定把它弄丢了。 例：Do you have toys? I'd like to buy one for my cousin. 指玩具中的任何一个 你有玩具吗？我想给我的堂弟买一个。 The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shenzhen.代替 the weather,表特指 北京的天气比深圳冷。 单元语法巩固训练 I.Choose the best answers(选择最恰当的答案) 1．—Jenny, you look so happy! —Yeah! There ________ a sports meeting at my school tomorrow. A．has B．is going to be C．is having D．is going to have 2．—What is the man going to do? —He ________ a new computer. A．buys B．is buying C．is going to buy D．bought 3．Amy ______ a big birthday surprise to Grandma Li tomorrow. A．gives B．was giving C．gave D．is going to give 4．Not only robots but also AI ________ do a lot of work for us in the future. A．is going B．are going C．is going to D．are going to 5．The students ________ to visit the Yan’an Revolutionary Memorial Hall next week. A．go B．went C．are going D．have gone 6．There ________ a basketball game in our school in a week. A．will have B．is going to have C．are going to be D．is going to be 7．—Tom, your shoes are really dirty. —Just leave them there, Mum. I ________ them with my socks. A．wash B．will wash C．am washing D．washed 8．It’s hard to say which team ________. There are still 10 minutes before the game ends. A．won B．wins C．is winning D．will win 9．There ________ a football match between Class 1 and Class 2 tomorrow afternoon. A．is B．are C．will be D．was 10．Don’t give up. If you keep practicing, you ________ the piano well some day. A．play B．will play C．played D．have played 11．________ is his brother and ________ are his parents. A．This, those B．That, this C．These, that D．Those, these 12．—What are ________ in your hand? —They are my new pens. A．this B．that C．these D．those 13．________ sheep like to eat grass around the lake. A．That B．This C．Those D．They 14．—What’s this on the table? —________ a quilt (被子). A．That’s B．This is C．It D．It’s 15．The sofas at the cinema are as comfortable as ________ at home. A．that B．those C．it D．them 16．________ is my grandfather. A．These B．This C．Those D．They 17．—Come to meet my family. ________ is my brother and ________ are my grandparents. —Hi. Nice to meet you all. I’m Bob. A．This; this B．This; these C．That; that D．That; those 18．Linda called me last night, but I didn’t pick up the phone. I was sleeping at ________ time. A．those B．these C．this D．that 19．Now many school uniforms in China are not very different from ________ in the UK or the USA． A．this B．that C．those D．these 20．—What are ________ over there? —They are her computers. A．these B．those C．this D．that II. Translate the following sentences into English (将下列句子翻译成英文) A. 请将下列中文句子翻译成英文，注意正确使用一般将来时态。 1.今晚有一场英语电影。 ____________________________________________________ 2.他这星期很忙，但下星期有空。 ____________________________________________________ 3.这个暑假你打算去哪里? ____________________________________________________ 4.汤姆(Tom)三天后会和他父母一起去福州吗? ____________________________________________________ 5.陆遥不主持下周的班会。 ____________________________________________________ B. 请将下列中文句子翻译成英文，注意正确使用指示代词。 1. 这是我的新书包。 ____________________________________________________ 2. 那边的那个男孩是我的同桌。 ___________________________________________________ 3. 这些是我的绘画作品。 ____________________________________________________ 4. 那些男孩正在体育馆打篮球。 ____________________________________________________ 5. 那是她的粉色水杯。 ____________________________________________________ C. 请将下列中文句子翻译成英文，注意用指示代词避免单词重复。 6. 这本字典比那本（字典）更有用。 ____________________________________________________ 7. 这里的树比那边的（树）更高。 ____________________________________________________ 8. 我找到了你的钢笔。它就在桌子上。 ____________________________________________________ 9. 你有故事书吗？我想借一本。 ____________________________________________________ 10. 夏天的雨比春天的（雨）更多。 ____________________________________________________ 第 6 页 共 6 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit1 Everyone is different单元语法讲与练 单元语法精讲 1. 一般将来时（will） 核心要点 具体内容 单元例句 定义 表示未来的预测、即时决定或未经计划的意图 He will probably choose to sing a pop song.（预测）/ Ill help you practice the dance.（即时决定） 基本构成 肯定句：主语 + will + 动词原形否定句：主语 + will not（wont） + 动词原形一般疑问句：Will + 主语 + 动词原形？ - She will perform a piano solo.（肯定）- They wont take part in the show.（否定）- Will you join the talent show?（疑问） 与be going to的区别 will：表预测（无证据）、即时决定be going to：表计划好的事、有证据的预测 - I think it will rain.（will表预测）- Look at the dark clouds! Its going to rain.（be going to表有证据的预测） 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作，事情或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作或事情。 will/shall+动词原形，shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称，will not=won’t，shall not=shan’t。 Which paragraph shall I read first? 我先读哪一段呢？ Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点回家好吗？ 比较：一般将来时: will/ be going to do will be going to do 临时决定 I'm hungry now and i will h ave something to eat. 事先计划 I'm going to go to the part tomorrow. 主观预测 I think i will win this game. 迹象表明 Look at the sun. It's going to be sunny. 将来事实 He will be eight years old next year. 即将发生 It's going to rain. You'd better go home now. 表示决心/意愿 I will work hard next year. 条件状语从句 【主将从句、主过从过】 If tomorrow is sunny, I will go to the park. 提示词： tomorrow this weekend next+时间点 in… days/ weeks/ years Language Tips 一般将来时 结构 be going to do/be not going to do will do/will not do(第一人称也可用shall) 常用时间状语 tomorrow, tomorrow morning / afternoon tonight, next week / month / year, next Sunday / Monday / Tuesday.., next January / February.., next spring / summer.., soon,in two days, this weekend 等 2. 指示代词（this/that/these/those） 类型 用法 单元例句 this（近指单数） 指代近处的人/物、介绍他人、指代上文内容 This is my new guitar.（指代近处的物） that（远指单数） 指代远处的人/物、指代上文内容、打电话时指代对方 That girl over there is my partner.（指代远处的人） these（近指复数） 指代近处的复数人/物 These are my performance photos.（指代近处的复数物） those（远指复数） 指代远处的复数人/物 Those students are preparing for the talent show.（指代远处的复数人） 指示代词包括 this,that,these和those等，this,these指在时间或空间上离说话人较近的人或物；that,those指在时间或空间上离说话人较远的人或物。this,that指代单数名词；these,those指代复数名词。 1.打电话时，常用this介绍自己是谁，用that 询问对方是谁。 Hello.This is John.Who is that speaking?你好，我是约翰。你是哪位？ 2.that,those 常用来替代已提到过的名词，以避免重复。that指代不可数名词或特指的单数可数名词，those指代特指的复数可数名词。 例：His own experience was different from that of his friends.代替 experience他本人的经历和他朋友不同。 The days in summer are longer than those in winter.代替 the days夏季的白天比冬季的白天长。 3.it,one,that作替代词时的用法区别。 it特指同类同物的单数可数名词。 one代替同类异物的可数名词，表示泛指，复数形式用ones. that代替同类异物的不可数名词或单数可数名词，表示特指含义，其复数形式those只能代替复数可数名词。 例：I can't find my key. I think I must have lost it.指上文提到的my key我找不到我的钥匙了。我觉得我一定把它弄丢了。 例：Do you have toys? I'd like to buy one for my cousin. 指玩具中的任何一个 你有玩具吗？我想给我的堂弟买一个。 The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shenzhen.代替 the weather,表特指 北京的天气比深圳冷。 单元语法巩固训练 I.Choose the best answers(选择最恰当的答案) 1．—Jenny, you look so happy! —Yeah! There ________ a sports meeting at my school tomorrow. A．has B．is going to be C．is having D．is going to have 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——珍妮，你看起来真高兴！——是啊！明天我们学校将有一场运动会。 考查there be句型的一般将来时。根据“tomorrow”可知，句子应用一般将来时，且主语是“a sports meeting”，表示存在，应使用there be句型。there be句型的一般将来时为“there will be”或“there is/are going to be”。故选B。 2．—What is the man going to do? —He ________ a new computer. A．buys B．is buying C．is going to buy D．bought 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——那个男人打算做什么？——他打算买一台新电脑。 考查一般将来时。问句“What is the man going to do?”询问将来的计划，回答应使用一般将来时be going to结构。故选C。 3．Amy ______ a big birthday surprise to Grandma Li tomorrow. A．gives B．was giving C．gave D．is going to give 【答案】D 【详解】句意：艾米明天要给李奶奶一个大的生日惊喜。 考查动词时态。根据时间状语“tomorrow”可知，动作发生在将来，且强调计划或打算，应用一般将来时，D项符合。故选D。 4．Not only robots but also AI ________ do a lot of work for us in the future. A．is going B．are going C．is going to D．are going to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：不仅机器人而且人工智能将来会为我们做很多工作。 考查主谓一致和一般将来时。根据“Not only robots but also AI...do a lot of work for us in the future.”可知，not only A but also B结构中的谓语动词形式需与B保持一致。AI被视为单数名词，因此谓语动词需用单数形式，根据时间状语“in the future”可知，此处应用一般将来时。故选C。 5．The students ________ to visit the Yan’an Revolutionary Memorial Hall next week. A．go B．went C．are going D．have gone 【答案】C 【详解】句意：学生们下周将去参观延安革命纪念馆。 考查动词时态。go去，一般现在时；went去，一般过去时；are going将要去，现在进行时表将来；have gone已经去了，现在完成时。根据时间状语“next week”可知，动作发生在将来，且be going to结构常用来表示按计划或打算将要发生的动作。故选C。 6．There ________ a basketball game in our school in a week. A．will have B．is going to have C．are going to be D．is going to be 【答案】D 【详解】句意：一周后我们学校将有一场篮球赛。 考查there be句型的一般将来时。will have将会有；is going to have将会有；are going to be将会有；is going to be将会有。there be句型表示“存在，有”，其一般将来时可用“There is/are going to be…”或“There will be…”。主语“a basketball game”是单数，应用“is going to be”。故选D。 7．—Tom, your shoes are really dirty. —Just leave them there, Mum. I ________ them with my socks. A．wash B．will wash C．am washing D．washed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——汤姆，你的鞋真的很脏。——就放那儿吧，妈妈。我会把它们和我的袜子一起洗了。 考查动词时态。对话中，Tom是在回应妈妈的话，表示自己将要去做洗鞋这个动作，用一般将来时will wash。故选B。 8．It’s hard to say which team ________. There are still 10 minutes before the game ends. A．won B．wins C．is winning D．will win 【答案】D 【详解】句意：很难说哪个队会赢。比赛结束前还有10分钟。 考查动词时态。won (过去式，赢了)；wins (第三人称单数，赢)；is winning (现在进行时，正在赢)；will win (一般将来时，将会赢)。根据后半句“比赛结束前还有10分钟”可知，比赛尚未结束，结果尚未确定，因此“哪个队会赢”是将来的动作，应用一般将来时。故选D。 9．There ________ a football match between Class 1 and Class 2 tomorrow afternoon. A．is B．are C．will be D．was 【答案】C 【详解】句意：明天下午一班和二班之间将会有一场足球比赛。 考查there be句型和一般将来时。根据“tomorrow afternoon”可知，此处表示将来要发生的事情，要用一般将来时，故选C。 10．Don’t give up. If you keep practicing, you ________ the piano well some day. A．play B．will play C．played D．have played 【答案】B 【详解】句意：别放弃。如果你坚持练习，总有一天你会弹好钢琴的。 考查动词时态。根据题干可知，本句是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来；结合选项可知，主句应该用一般将来时，其结构为“will+动词原形”，故选B。 11．________ is his brother and ________ are his parents. A．This, those B．That, this C．These, that D．Those, these 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这是他的兄弟，那些是他的父母。 考查指示代词的用法。those那些；this这个；these这些，that那个。第一空指代单数的人（兄弟），且距离较近，用this；第二空指代复数的人（父母），且距离较远，用those。故选A。 12．—What are ________ in your hand? —They are my new pens. A．this B．that C．these D．those 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你手里拿的是什么？——它们是我的新钢笔。 考查指示代词辨析。this这个，指代单数且距离较近的事物；that那个，指代单数且距离较远的事物；these这些，指代复数且距离较近的事物；those那些，指代复数且距离较远的事物。根据答语“They are my new pens.”可知，问句中应该用指代复数的指示代词，又因为问句中提到“in your hand”（在你手里），说明距离较近，所以应该用these。故选C。 13．________ sheep like to eat grass around the lake. A．That B．This C．Those D．They 【答案】C 【详解】句意：那些绵羊喜欢在湖边吃草。 考查代词辨析。That那个；This这个；Those那些；They它们。句中“like”为动词原形，主语“sheep”为复数名词，需用复数指示代词those修饰，表示“那些绵羊”。故选C。 14．—What’s this on the table? —________ a quilt (被子). A．That’s B．This is C．It D．It’s 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——桌子上这是什么？——它是一床被子。 考查代词用法。That’s那是；This is这是；It它；It’s它是。根据英语习惯，回答“What’s this?”时，常用“It’s...”指代问句中的物体，故选D。 15．The sofas at the cinema are as comfortable as ________ at home. A．that B．those C．it D．them 【答案】B 【详解】句意：电影院的沙发和家里的一样舒服。 考查代词辨析。that代替不可数名词或单数可数名词；those代替复数名词；it代替上文提到的同一事物；them为人称代词宾格。此处代替的是前文提到的复数名词sofas，且在比较状语从句中作主语，因此用those。故选B。 16．________ is my grandfather. A．These B．This C．Those D．They 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这位是我的祖父。 考查指示代词的单复数辨析。These这些；This这个；Those那些；They他们。句中“my grandfather”是单数，因此介绍时需要用单数形式This。故选B。 17．—Come to meet my family. ________ is my brother and ________ are my grandparents. —Hi. Nice to meet you all. I’m Bob. A．This; this B．This; these C．That; that D．That; those 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——来见见我的家人。这是我的兄弟，这些是我的祖父母。——嗨。很高兴见到你们所有人。我是鲍勃。 考查指示代词的用法。This这个；That那个；these这些；those那些。根据“Come to meet my family.”可知，两个空均为近指，第一个空后“is my brother”为单数，需用单数指示代词this；第二个空后“are my grandparents”为复数，需用复数指示代词these，故选B。 18．Linda called me last night, but I didn’t pick up the phone. I was sleeping at ________ time. A．those B．these C．this D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Linda昨晚给我打了电话，但我没接。我当时正在睡觉。   考查代词辨析。those那些；these这些；this这个；that那个。根据“last night”可知，此处指代过去的具体时间，应使用远指代词that，at that time表示“在那个时候，当时”，是固定表达。故选D。 19．Now many school uniforms in China are not very different from ________ in the UK or the USA． A．this B．that C．those D．these 【答案】C 【详解】句意：现在中国的许多校服与英国或美国的校服并没有太大的不同。 考查代词辨析。this这个；that那个；those那些；these这些。分析句子可知，空处指代前文复数名词“school uniforms”，排除A项和B项；美国或英国相对于中国来说，应该属于远处，所以填those，排除D项。故选C。 20．—What are ________ over there? —They are her computers. A．these B．those C．this D．that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——那边的是什么？——它们是她的电脑。 考查指示代词的用法。these这些；those那些；this这个；that那个。根据“over there”可知表示远处，且be动词are，指示代词需用复数形式，故选B。 II.Translate the following sentences into English(将下列句子翻译成英文) A. 请将下列中文句子翻译成英文，注意正确使用一般将来时态。 1.今晚有一场英语电影。 【答案】There is going to be an English film tonight. 2.他这星期很忙，但下星期有空。 【答案】He is very busy this week, but he will be free next week. 3.这个暑假你打算去哪里? 【答案】Where are you going this summer holiday? 4.汤姆(Tom)三天后会和他父母一起去福州吗? 【答案】Will Tom go to Fuzhou with his parents in three days? 5.陆遥不主持下周的班会。 【答案】Lu Yao won't host the class meeting next week. B. 请将下列中文句子翻译成英文，注意正确使用指示代词。 1. 这是我的新书包。 2. 那边的那个男孩是我的同桌。 3. 这些是我的绘画作品。 4. 那些男孩正在体育馆打篮球。 5. 那是她的粉色水杯。 参考答案 1. This is my new schoolbag. 2. That boy over there is my deskmate. 3. These are my paintings. 4. Those boys are playing basketball in the gym. 5. That is her pink water cup. C. 请将下列中文句子翻译成英文，注意用指示代词避免单词重复。 6. 这本字典比那本（字典）更有用。 7. 这里的树比那边的（树）更高。 8. 我找到了你的钢笔。它就在桌子上。 9. 你有故事书吗？我想借一本。 10. 夏天的雨比春天的（雨）更多。 参考答案 6. This dictionary is more useful than that one. 7. The trees here are taller than those over there. 8. I found your pen. It is just on the desk. 9. Do you have storybooks? I want to borrow one. 10. The rain in summer is heavier than that in spring. 第 1 页 共 9 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $