专题14 阅读理解（B卷·能力提升）-2026版云南省（职教高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026版云南省（职教高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、省编复习指导及历年真题编写。本资料紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态，聚焦高频考点，精讲精练，共覆盖包括各类语法和题型的18个专题，助力考生高效复习。同时，为构建完整学习体系，每个专题均配套对应讲义和AB卷习题，满足多样化学习需求。 本专题是2026版云南省职教高考二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》的第14个专题，内容为阅读理解。 2026版云南省（职教高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》 专题14 阅读理解（A卷·基础巩固） 考试时间：30分钟 满分：90分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、阅读理解（阅读下列短文，短文后面有五个小题，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。未选、错选或多选均不得分。共15小题，每题6分，满分90分。） Passage 1 Has the smell of something ever made you think of a spring day? Do some smells make you happy? Do others relax you? Believe it or not, smells can change the way a person feels. Each day scientists learn more about this. They ask people to sniff（闻）different smells. Then they ask what each smell reminds them of or how it makes them feel. Now scientists are trying different scents（香味）to make people feel better. Scientists now understand what certain scents do. One thing they know is that lemons and oranges remind people of things that are fresh and clean. So people who make cleaners and soaps for the home often put lemon or orange scent in them. The smell of vanilla（香草）helps people relax. Its scent is often put into the air in hospitals. A peppermint（薄荷）scent keeps people awake. This is often used in office buildings. People need to keep their heads clear when they’re working. The apple scent reminds many people of their homes. Some stores put the scent in the air to make people comfortable. That way they’ll want to buy something. Why shouldn’t smells make you feel good? When it comes to scents, the nose knows. 1. Why are scientists trying different scents? A. To ask people to sniff them. B. To make people buy more things. C. To make people get better feelings. D. To ask people to produce a new scent. 2. Lemons and oranges remind people of ______ things. A. fresh B. exciting C. funny D. meaningful 3. Where is the scent of vanilla often used? A. At homes. B. At stores. C. In office buildings. D. In hospitals. 4. What can we know from the passage? A. The apple scent keeps people awake. B. A peppermint scent reminds people of their homes. C. Scientists now know little about what certain scents do. D. People put lemon or orange scent in cleaners and soaps for the home. 5. Which of the following could be the best title for the passage? A. Smells and Plants B. Smells and Feelings C. Scents and Fruits D. Scents and Interests 【答案】 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. B 【导语】 本文是一篇科普类短文，介绍了气味（香味）如何影响人们的感受和情绪。文章通过列举柠檬、香草、薄荷、苹果等不同气味的具体作用及其在日常生活中的应用，说明了科学家们在这一领域的研究发现，阐明了“气味可以改变人的感觉”这一观点。 【解析】 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段 “Now scientists are trying different scents to make people feel better.” 可知，科学家尝试不同香味是为了让人们感觉更好。因此C项“为了让人们获得更好的感觉”正确。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段 “lemons and oranges remind people of things that are fresh and clean” 可知，柠檬和橙子让人联想到新鲜的事物。因此A项“新鲜的”正确。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段 “The smell of vanilla helps people relax. Its scent is often put into the air in hospitals.” 可知，香草味常用于医院。因此D项正确。 4. 细节理解题。根据第三段 “people who make cleaners and soaps for the home often put lemon or orange scent in them” 可知，家用清洁剂和肥皂中常添加柠檬或橙子香味。因此D项正确。A项错误，苹果味让人联想到家；B项错误，薄荷味的作用是提神；C项错误，科学家已经了解某些香味的作用。 5. 主旨大意题。文章通篇在讨论不同气味如何影响人们的感受、回忆和行为，因此B项“气味与感受”最适合作为标题。 Passage 2 Many people around the world have heard of the Great Wall of China, but not many of them know about the Grand Canal, or the Jing-Hang Grand Canal. This famous waterway is known in China as Da Yunhe. The Grand Canal is the earliest and longest man-made canal in the world. It was first built in486 BC and has a history of more than 2, 500 years. The Grand Canal runs from Beijing in the north to Hangzhou in the south. It is about 1, 800 km long. In fact, it is not a river, but a system of canals and rivers linked（连接）together. It serves as one of the greatest waterways in human history. In early times, people used it to transport（运输）food. In addition, it has also played an important role in linking the south and the north of China over the ages. Today, the Grand Canal is still an important part of the transport system in China. Thousands of boats use it every day to transport different kinds of goods. The canal is also used to bring water from the south to the north, where there is a lack of water. The Grand Canal shows the wisdom and hard work of ancient Chinese people. If possible, you can go on a boat trip along some of the oldest parts of the canal to enjoy its beauty. 1. How long is the Grand Canal? A. About 486 km long. B. About 1, 800 km long. C. About 2, 500 km long. D. About 5, 000 km long. 2. The Grand Canal was used to ______ in early times. A. go sightseeing B. improve environment C. transport food D. link China and foreign countries 3. The underlined word “lack” in Paragraph 3 probably means “______” in Chinese. A. 泛滥 B. 缺乏 C. 资源 D. 源头 4. Which of the following is TRUE? A. The Grand Canal is the longest man-made canal in China. B. The Grand Canal brings water from the west to the east of China. C. The Grand Canal played an important role only in ancient China. D. The Grand Canal serves as the greatest waterway in human history. 5. The Grand Canal is a great example of ______. A. the large population of China B. the kindness of Chinese people C. the natural transport system in China D. the creativity of ancient Chinese people 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. D 【导语】 本文为一篇说明文，向读者介绍了京杭大运河这一世界著名的古代人工运河。文章阐述了大运河的历史、长度、地理走向、在古代的运输功能以及在当代的持续作用（运输与南水北调），最后赞美了大运河所展现的中国人民的智慧与勤劳。 【解析】 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段 “It is about 1, 800 km long.” 可知，京杭大运河的长度约为1800公里。因此B项正确。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段 “In early times, people used it to transport food.” 可知，在古代，大运河被用来运输粮食。因此C项正确。 3. 词义猜测题。根据第三段 “The canal is also used to bring water from the south to the north, where there is a lack of water.” 可知，运河被用来从南方调水到北方，因此北方应该是“缺少”水。“lack”意为“缺乏”。因此B项正确。 4. 细节理解题。综合全文信息，大运河是世界最早最长的人工运河，在中国境内自然也是最长的人工运河，因此A项“京杭大运河是中国最长的人工运河”表述正确。B项错误，文章提到的是从南方调水到北方，而非从西到东；C项错误，文章第三段明确说明大运河在今天依然发挥着重要作用；D项错误，原文表述是“one of the greatest waterways”，即“最伟大的水道之一”，而非“最伟大的”。 5. 主旨大意题。文章最后一段点明主旨：“The Grand Canal shows the wisdom and hard work of ancient Chinese people.” 因此，京杭大运河是中国古代人民创造力（智慧与勤劳的体现）的伟大典范。因此D项正确。 Passage 3 You may know about “junk food” like French fries. But do you know about “junk sleep”? Recently, a British survey found that electronic products in teenagers’ bedrooms are having a bad influence on their sleep. The survey was done among 1,000 British kids from 12 to 16. It found that fifty percent of them got just 4 to 7 hours’ sleep every day. But doctors say they need 8 to 9 hours. Almost a quarter of the kids said they fell asleep more than once a week while watching TV, listening to music or using electronic products. “This is very worrying” said Dr Chris , a British professor. “We call it ‘junk sleep’. It means you don’t get enough sleep and the quality of the sleep is bad, too. If you don’t get a good rest, you can’t perform well in school the next day.” The survey found that quite a few of the kids felt tired each day, with girls between 13 to 16 feeling the worst. Nearly all teenagers have a phone, an MP5 or a TV in their bedrooms. And lots of them have all the three. 1. What does this passage mainly talk about? A. Junk food. B. Junk sleep. C. Electronic products. D. The importance of sleep. 2. _________ of the children in the survey sleep only 4 to 7 hours a day. A. 200 B. 250 C. 500 D. 1,000 3. “Junk food” and “Junk sleep” are similar to each other in the way that _________. A. they are both low in quality B. they are both needed in our life C. they are both enjoyed on weekends D. they are both necessary for people’s health 4. We can learn _________ is wrong from the passage. A. children need 9 to 12 hours’ sleep every day B. 250 children in the survey said that they fell asleep more than once a week while using electronic products C. the survey found 13 to 16 girls feel the worst D. almost every child in the survey has one electronic product 5. Which should be the best choice to solve the problem? A. Parents must take the electronic products away from their children. B. Parents prevent the teenagers from using any electronic products. C. Teenagers should make a rule to spend less time on the electronic products. D. Teenagers should make a decision not to use the electronic products at school. 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. C 【导语】 本文为一篇调查报告类说明文，介绍了英国青少年中出现的“垃圾睡眠”现象。文章通过一项针对12至16岁青少年的调查，揭示了卧室内的电子产品如何严重影响青少年的睡眠时长和质量，进而影响他们白天的精神状态和学习表现，并指出了这一问题的普遍性和严重性。 【解析】 1. 主旨大意题。文章开篇引出“垃圾睡眠”概念，全文围绕英国青少年因卧室电子产品导致睡眠不足和质量差（即“垃圾睡眠”）这一现象展开讨论。因此B项“垃圾睡眠”是文章主要谈论的内容。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“It found that fifty percent of them got just 4 to 7 hours’ sleep every day.”可知，在参与调查的1000名孩子中，有50%（即500名）每天只睡4到7小时。因此C项正确。 3. 推理判断题。文中将“垃圾睡眠”类比“垃圾食品”。根据第五段教授的解释“It means you don’t get enough sleep and the quality of the sleep is bad, too.”可知，“垃圾睡眠”指睡眠不足且质量差。“垃圾食品”则指高热量、低营养的食物。两者的相似之处在于“质量低劣”。因此A项“它们的质量都很低”正确。 4. 细节理解题。第三段明确指出医生建议的睡眠时间是“8 to 9 hours”，而A项说“children need 9 to 12 hours’ sleep every day”，这与原文信息不符，因此A项是错误的表述。B项：根据第四段“Almost a quarter of the kids... fell asleep...”，四分之一（250名）的孩子符合描述，正确。C项：根据第六段“with girls between 13 to 16 feeling the worst”，正确。D项：根据最后一段“Nearly all teenagers have a phone, an MP5 or a TV...”，几乎所有人都有至少一种电子产品，正确。 5. 推理判断题。文章核心问题是青少年在卧室过度使用电子产品导致“垃圾睡眠”。最合理、可行的解决方案应是引导青少年合理控制使用时间，而非完全剥夺或禁止（A、B项过于绝对且不现实），D项只限制在学校使用，未能解决卧室睡眠环境的核心问题。因此C项“青少年应该制定规则，减少花在电子产品上的时间”是最佳选择。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2026版云南省（职教高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、省编复习指导及历年真题编写。本资料紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态，聚焦高频考点，精讲精练，共覆盖包括各类语法和题型的18个专题，助力考生高效复习。同时，为构建完整学习体系，每个专题均配套对应讲义和AB卷习题，满足多样化学习需求。 本专题是2026版云南省职教高考二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》的第14个专题，内容为阅读理解。 2026版云南省（职教高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》 专题14 阅读理解（A卷·基础巩固） 考试时间：30分钟 满分：90分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、阅读理解（阅读下列短文，短文后面有五个小题，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。未选、错选或多选均不得分。共15小题，每题6分，满分90分。） Passage 1 Has the smell of something ever made you think of a spring day? Do some smells make you happy? Do others relax you? Believe it or not, smells can change the way a person feels. Each day scientists learn more about this. They ask people to sniff（闻）different smells. Then they ask what each smell reminds them of or how it makes them feel. Now scientists are trying different scents（香味）to make people feel better. Scientists now understand what certain scents do. One thing they know is that lemons and oranges remind people of things that are fresh and clean. So people who make cleaners and soaps for the home often put lemon or orange scent in them. The smell of vanilla（香草）helps people relax. Its scent is often put into the air in hospitals. A peppermint（薄荷）scent keeps people awake. This is often used in office buildings. People need to keep their heads clear when they’re working. The apple scent reminds many people of their homes. Some stores put the scent in the air to make people comfortable. That way they’ll want to buy something. Why shouldn’t smells make you feel good? When it comes to scents, the nose knows. 1. Why are scientists trying different scents? A. To ask people to sniff them. B. To make people buy more things. C. To make people get better feelings. D. To ask people to produce a new scent. 2. Lemons and oranges remind people of ______ things. A. fresh B. exciting C. funny D. meaningful 3. Where is the scent of vanilla often used? A. At homes. B. At stores. C. In office buildings. D. In hospitals. 4. What can we know from the passage? A. The apple scent keeps people awake. B. A peppermint scent reminds people of their homes. C. Scientists now know little about what certain scents do. D. People put lemon or orange scent in cleaners and soaps for the home. 5. Which of the following could be the best title for the passage? A. Smells and Plants B. Smells and Feelings C. Scents and Fruits D. Scents and Interests 【答案】 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. B 【导语】 本文是一篇科普类短文，介绍了气味（香味）如何影响人们的感受和情绪。文章通过列举柠檬、香草、薄荷、苹果等不同气味的具体作用及其在日常生活中的应用，说明了科学家们在这一领域的研究发现，阐明了“气味可以改变人的感觉”这一观点。 【解析】 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段 “Now scientists are trying different scents to make people feel better.” 可知，科学家尝试不同香味是为了让人们感觉更好。因此C项“为了让人们获得更好的感觉”正确。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段 “lemons and oranges remind people of things that are fresh and clean” 可知，柠檬和橙子让人联想到新鲜的事物。因此A项“新鲜的”正确。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段 “The smell of vanilla helps people relax. Its scent is often put into the air in hospitals.” 可知，香草味常用于医院。因此D项正确。 4. 细节理解题。根据第三段 “people who make cleaners and soaps for the home often put lemon or orange scent in them” 可知，家用清洁剂和肥皂中常添加柠檬或橙子香味。因此D项正确。A项错误，苹果味让人联想到家；B项错误，薄荷味的作用是提神；C项错误，科学家已经了解某些香味的作用。 5. 主旨大意题。文章通篇在讨论不同气味如何影响人们的感受、回忆和行为，因此B项“气味与感受”最适合作为标题。 Passage 2 Many people around the world have heard of the Great Wall of China, but not many of them know about the Grand Canal, or the Jing-Hang Grand Canal. This famous waterway is known in China as Da Yunhe. The Grand Canal is the earliest and longest man-made canal in the world. It was first built in486 BC and has a history of more than 2, 500 years. The Grand Canal runs from Beijing in the north to Hangzhou in the south. It is about 1, 800 km long. In fact, it is not a river, but a system of canals and rivers linked（连接）together. It serves as one of the greatest waterways in human history. In early times, people used it to transport（运输）food. In addition, it has also played an important role in linking the south and the north of China over the ages. Today, the Grand Canal is still an important part of the transport system in China. Thousands of boats use it every day to transport different kinds of goods. The canal is also used to bring water from the south to the north, where there is a lack of water. The Grand Canal shows the wisdom and hard work of ancient Chinese people. If possible, you can go on a boat trip along some of the oldest parts of the canal to enjoy its beauty. 1. How long is the Grand Canal? A. About 486 km long. B. About 1, 800 km long. C. About 2, 500 km long. D. About 5, 000 km long. 2. The Grand Canal was used to ______ in early times. A. go sightseeing B. improve environment C. transport food D. link China and foreign countries 3. The underlined word “lack” in Paragraph 3 probably means “______” in Chinese. A. 泛滥 B. 缺乏 C. 资源 D. 源头 4. Which of the following is TRUE? A. The Grand Canal is the longest man-made canal in China. B. The Grand Canal brings water from the west to the east of China. C. The Grand Canal played an important role only in ancient China. D. The Grand Canal serves as the greatest waterway in human history. 5. The Grand Canal is a great example of ______. A. the large population of China B. the kindness of Chinese people C. the natural transport system in China D. the creativity of ancient Chinese people 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. D 【导语】 本文为一篇说明文，向读者介绍了京杭大运河这一世界著名的古代人工运河。文章阐述了大运河的历史、长度、地理走向、在古代的运输功能以及在当代的持续作用（运输与南水北调），最后赞美了大运河所展现的中国人民的智慧与勤劳。 【解析】 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段 “It is about 1, 800 km long.” 可知，京杭大运河的长度约为1800公里。因此B项正确。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段 “In early times, people used it to transport food.” 可知，在古代，大运河被用来运输粮食。因此C项正确。 3. 词义猜测题。根据第三段 “The canal is also used to bring water from the south to the north, where there is a lack of water.” 可知，运河被用来从南方调水到北方，因此北方应该是“缺少”水。“lack”意为“缺乏”。因此B项正确。 4. 细节理解题。综合全文信息，大运河是世界最早最长的人工运河，在中国境内自然也是最长的人工运河，因此A项“京杭大运河是中国最长的人工运河”表述正确。B项错误，文章提到的是从南方调水到北方，而非从西到东；C项错误，文章第三段明确说明大运河在今天依然发挥着重要作用；D项错误，原文表述是“one of the greatest waterways”，即“最伟大的水道之一”，而非“最伟大的”。 5. 主旨大意题。文章最后一段点明主旨：“The Grand Canal shows the wisdom and hard work of ancient Chinese people.” 因此，京杭大运河是中国古代人民创造力（智慧与勤劳的体现）的伟大典范。因此D项正确。 Passage 3 You may know about “junk food” like French fries. But do you know about “junk sleep”? Recently, a British survey found that electronic products in teenagers’ bedrooms are having a bad influence on their sleep. The survey was done among 1,000 British kids from 12 to 16. It found that fifty percent of them got just 4 to 7 hours’ sleep every day. But doctors say they need 8 to 9 hours. Almost a quarter of the kids said they fell asleep more than once a week while watching TV, listening to music or using electronic products. “This is very worrying” said Dr Chris , a British professor. “We call it ‘junk sleep’. It means you don’t get enough sleep and the quality of the sleep is bad, too. If you don’t get a good rest, you can’t perform well in school the next day.” The survey found that quite a few of the kids felt tired each day, with girls between 13 to 16 feeling the worst. Nearly all teenagers have a phone, an MP5 or a TV in their bedrooms. And lots of them have all the three. 1. What does this passage mainly talk about? A. Junk food. B. Junk sleep. C. Electronic products. D. The importance of sleep. 2. _________ of the children in the survey sleep only 4 to 7 hours a day. A. 200 B. 250 C. 500 D. 1,000 3. “Junk food” and “Junk sleep” are similar to each other in the way that _________. A. they are both low in quality B. they are both needed in our life C. they are both enjoyed on weekends D. they are both necessary for people’s health 4. We can learn _________ is wrong from the passage. A. children need 9 to 12 hours’ sleep every day B. 250 children in the survey said that they fell asleep more than once a week while using electronic products C. the survey found 13 to 16 girls feel the worst D. almost every child in the survey has one electronic product 5. Which should be the best choice to solve the problem? A. Parents must take the electronic products away from their children. B. Parents prevent the teenagers from using any electronic products. C. Teenagers should make a rule to spend less time on the electronic products. D. Teenagers should make a decision not to use the electronic products at school. 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. C 【导语】 本文为一篇调查报告类说明文，介绍了英国青少年中出现的“垃圾睡眠”现象。文章通过一项针对12至16岁青少年的调查，揭示了卧室内的电子产品如何严重影响青少年的睡眠时长和质量，进而影响他们白天的精神状态和学习表现，并指出了这一问题的普遍性和严重性。 【解析】 1. 主旨大意题。文章开篇引出“垃圾睡眠”概念，全文围绕英国青少年因卧室电子产品导致睡眠不足和质量差（即“垃圾睡眠”）这一现象展开讨论。因此B项“垃圾睡眠”是文章主要谈论的内容。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段“It found that fifty percent of them got just 4 to 7 hours’ sleep every day.”可知，在参与调查的1000名孩子中，有50%（即500名）每天只睡4到7小时。因此C项正确。 3. 推理判断题。文中将“垃圾睡眠”类比“垃圾食品”。根据第五段教授的解释“It means you don’t get enough sleep and the quality of the sleep is bad, too.”可知，“垃圾睡眠”指睡眠不足且质量差。“垃圾食品”则指高热量、低营养的食物。两者的相似之处在于“质量低劣”。因此A项“它们的质量都很低”正确。 4. 细节理解题。第三段明确指出医生建议的睡眠时间是“8 to 9 hours”，而A项说“children need 9 to 12 hours’ sleep every day”，这与原文信息不符，因此A项是错误的表述。B项：根据第四段“Almost a quarter of the kids... fell asleep...”，四分之一（250名）的孩子符合描述，正确。C项：根据第六段“with girls between 13 to 16 feeling the worst”，正确。D项：根据最后一段“Nearly all teenagers have a phone, an MP5 or a TV...”，几乎所有人都有至少一种电子产品，正确。 5. 推理判断题。文章核心问题是青少年在卧室过度使用电子产品导致“垃圾睡眠”。最合理、可行的解决方案应是引导青少年合理控制使用时间，而非完全剥夺或禁止（A、B项过于绝对且不现实），D项只限制在学校使用，未能解决卧室睡眠环境的核心问题。因此C项“青少年应该制定规则，减少花在电子产品上的时间”是最佳选择。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $