专题8 词汇搭配与固定短语考点聚焦（讲义）-2026版甘肃省（中职升学考试）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》

编写说明：2026版甘肃省（中职升学考试）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》，依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、《甘肃省对口升学英语复习指导》以及历年真题编写。本资料紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态，聚焦高频考点，精讲精练，共覆盖包括各类语法、词汇和题型的12个专题，助力考生高效复习。同时，为构建完整学习体系，每个专题均配套对应讲义和AB卷习题，满足多样化学习需求。 本专题是2026版甘肃省（中职升学考试）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》的第8个专题，内容为词汇搭配与固定短语考点聚焦。 2026版甘肃省（中职升学考试）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》 专题8 词汇搭配与固定短语考点聚焦（讲义） 真题分析 一、核心用法 考点 目标要求 考题统计及展示 考情分析 动词固定搭配 掌握高频动词与介词、副词、名词的固定搭配，能准确运用搭配完成句式填空、词义辨析及写作 （2024·甘肃中职·单选23）We should focus ___ improving our English skills.（ ）<br>A. in B. on C. at D. for<br>（2023·甘肃中职·完形填空）She decided to give up ___ smoking for her health.（ ）<br>A. to B. / C. on D. with<br>（2022·甘肃中职·翻译）他坚持每天晨读。（stick to） 动词固定搭配是高频考点，考查形式以单选、完形填空为主，偶见于翻译和写作。命题侧重“动词+介词”“动词+副词”“动词+名词”三类搭配，易错点集中在介词混淆、固定搭配遗漏介词、形近动词搭配混用。 名词固定搭配 掌握核心名词与介词、形容词的搭配关系，能结合语境选择正确搭配，避免搭配错误 （2024·模拟预测）He has a good relationship ___ his classmates.（ ）<br>A. with B. to C. for D. on<br>（2023·甘肃中职·单选18）We need to make a decision ___ the plan as soon as possible.（ ）<br>A. about B. of C. in D. at<br>（2021·甘肃中职·阅读理解）She has great interest in painting.（ ） 名词固定搭配考查频率中等，多出现于单选和阅读理解，侧重“名词+介词”“形容词+名词”的固定组合。易错点在于介词误用（如“interest in”误写为“interest of”）、可数名词与不可数名词搭配差异。 形容词固定搭配 掌握形容词与介词、副词的常用搭配，能根据语境选择恰当搭配，准确表达语义 （2024·甘肃中职·完形填空）The film is popular ___ young people.（ ）<br>A. with B. for C. to D. in<br>（2023·模拟预测）He is afraid ___ flying in bad weather.（ ）<br>A. to B. of C. for D. about<br>（2022·甘肃中职·单选25）Her idea is different ___ mine.（ ）<br>A. from B. with C. to D. than 形容词固定搭配是基础考点，覆盖单选、完形填空和翻译，核心考查“形容词+介词”搭配。易错点集中在同义形容词搭配差异（如“afraid of”与“afraid to do”）、介词固定搭配记忆混淆。 介词短语固定搭配 掌握高频介词短语的含义及用法，能结合语境准确理解和运用短语完成阅读、完形填空 （2024·甘肃中职·阅读理解）In spite of the rain, we still went hiking.（ ）<br>A. 因为 B. 尽管 C. 除了 D. 关于<br>（2023·甘肃中职·单选30）He succeeded ___ hard work.（ ）<br>A. by B. through C. with D. in<br>（2021·甘肃中职·完形填空）She is looking forward ___ seeing her grandparents.（ ）<br>A. to B. for C. at D. on 介词短语固定搭配考查频率高，贯穿各类题型，侧重短语含义辨析和语境应用。易错点在于短语含义混淆（如“in spite of”与“because of”）、介词短语中固定介词的遗漏或误用。 二、核心用法详解 （一）动词固定搭配 1. 动词+介词搭配（高频核心） 动词 固定搭配 含义 典型例句 focus focus on 集中于 Students should focus on their studies in class. stick stick to 坚持；遵守 He sticks to his promise no matter what happens. give give up 放弃 My father gave up smoking last year. look look forward to 期待 We are looking forward to the winter holiday. depend depend on 依赖；依靠 Children depend on their parents when they are young. agree agree with 同意（某人/观点） I agree with your opinion about environmental protection. agree agree to 同意（计划/提议） She agreed to our plan for the school trip. listen listen to 听 Please listen to the teacher carefully in class. talk talk about 谈论 They are talking about the new movie. talk talk with 与……交谈 She talked with her friend on the phone for an hour. 2. 动词+副词搭配（高频核心） 动词 固定搭配 含义 典型例句 turn turn on 打开（电器） Please turn on the light when it gets dark. turn turn off 关闭（电器） Don't forget to turn off the TV before leaving. put put up 张贴；举起 We put up the notice on the bulletin board. put put down 放下；写下 He put down his pen and took a break. take take off 起飞；脱下 The plane will take off in 10 minutes./Take off your coat—it's warm inside. pick pick up 捡起；接（人） She picked up the book from the floor./I'll pick you up at the station. give give in 屈服；让步 He never gives in to difficulties. look look up 查阅；抬头看 You can look up new words in the dictionary. 3. 动词+名词搭配（高频核心） 动词 固定搭配 含义 典型例句 make make a decision 做决定 We need to make a decision before Friday. make make a mistake 犯错误 Everyone may make a mistake sometimes. have have a good time 玩得开心 They had a good time at the party. take take a break 休息一下 Let's take a break after finishing this task. pay pay attention to 注意 Please pay attention to your spelling. keep keep a promise 遵守承诺 A man should keep his promise. do do homework 做作业 Students must do their homework every day. take take care of 照顾；照料 She takes care of her little sister after school. 4. 核心易错点 · 介词遗漏：如“look forward to”后接动名词，易误写为“look forward do”；“pay attention”后漏加“to”，误写为“pay attention sth.”。 错：I'm looking forward to see you.（应为seeing） 对：I'm looking forward to seeing you. · 介词混用：如“agree with”与“agree to”混淆，“depend on”误写为“depend in”。 错：I agree to his idea.（观点用agree with） 对：I agree with his idea. · 动词与副词搭配的宾语位置：代词作宾语时需放在动词与副词之间，名词作宾语可放中间或后面。 错：Put on it.（代词it需放中间） 对：Put it on. · 固定搭配的词性要求：部分搭配后接动名词，部分接不定式，易混淆。 错：He gave up to smoke.（give up后接动名词smoking） 对：He gave up smoking. （二）名词固定搭配 1. 名词+介词搭配（高频核心） 名词 固定搭配 含义 典型例句 interest interest in 对……的兴趣 She has a great interest in music. relationship relationship with 与……的关系 He has a close relationship with his brother. decision decision about/on 关于……的决定 We made a decision on the project. problem problem with ……的问题 There is a problem with my computer. solution solution to ……的解决方案 We need to find a solution to this problem. key key to ……的关键；……的钥匙 Hard work is the key to success./Where is the key to the door? advantage advantage of ……的优势 What's the advantage of this method? disadvantage disadvantage of ……的劣势 He doesn't realize the disadvantage of being lazy. 2. 形容词+名词搭配（高频核心） 形容词 固定搭配 含义 典型例句 good good at 擅长 She is good at playing the piano. good good for 对……有益 Vegetables are good for health. bad bad for 对……有害 Smoking is bad for your lungs. full full of 充满 The bottle is full of water. afraid afraid of 害怕 He is afraid of dogs. famous famous for 因……而著名 Beijing is famous for the Great Wall. different different from 与……不同 My opinion is different from yours. ready ready for 为……做准备 Are you ready for the exam? 3. 核心易错点 · 介词误用：如“key to”误写为“key of”，“solution to”误写为“solution for”。 错：What's the key of solving this problem?（应为to） 对：What's the key to solving this problem? · 形容词与名词搭配的固定性：部分形容词与名词为固定组合，不可随意替换，如“full of”不可改为“full with”，“famous for”不可改为“famous of”。 错：The room is full with people.（应为of） 对：The room is full of people. · 可数名词与不可数名词搭配差异：如“have a good time”中“time”为可数名词（表“时光”），“spend time”中“time”为不可数名词（表“时间”）。 错：I had good time yesterday.（缺少a） 对：I had a good time yesterday. （三）形容词固定搭配 1. 形容词+介词搭配（高频核心） 形容词 固定搭配 含义 典型例句 popular popular with 受……欢迎 This singer is popular with young people. afraid afraid of 害怕…… She is afraid of staying alone at night. afraid afraid to 不敢做…… He is afraid to speak in public. different different from 与……不同 This book is different from that one. good good at 擅长…… He is good at math. good good for 对……有益 Early sleep is good for teenagers. bad bad for 对……有害 Junk food is bad for health. interested interested in 对……感兴趣 I am interested in English literature. strict strict with 对……严格 The teacher is strict with her students. strict strict about 在……方面严格 She is strict about her work. 2. 核心易错点 同义形容词搭配差异：如“afraid of doing”表“害怕发生某事”，“afraid to do”表“不敢做某事”，易混淆。 错：She is afraid to swim in the river.（若表“害怕游泳时出事”，应为afraid of swimming） 对：She is afraid of swimming in the river.（害怕游泳的风险） She is afraid to swim in the river.（不敢去游泳） 介词固定搭配混淆：如“different from”误写为“different with”，“popular with”误写为“popular for”。 错：His style is different with mine.（应为from） 对：His style is different from mine. 形容词与不定式搭配：部分形容词后接不定式，如“ready to do”“willing to do”，易漏加to。 错：She is ready help others.（应为ready to help） 对：She is ready to help others. （四）介词短语固定搭配 1. 高频介词短语 介词短语 含义 典型例句 in spite of 尽管；不管 In spite of the cold weather, they went out for a walk. because of 因为；由于 He failed the exam because of his carelessness. instead of 代替；而不是 She chose to stay at home instead of going to the party. according to 根据；按照 According to the weather forecast, it will rain tomorrow. in order to 为了 She studies hard in order to pass the exam. thanks to 多亏；由于 Thanks to his help, we finished the work on time. on behalf of 代表 I'm speaking on behalf of my team. in addition to 除……之外（还） In addition to English, he can speak French. as a result of 由于；作为……的结果 As a result of his hard work, he got a promotion. with regard to 关于；至于 I have no idea with regard to this problem. 2. 核心易错点 ①短语含义混淆：如“in spite of”（表让步）与“because of”（表原因），“instead of”（表替代）与“in addition to”（表补充）易误用。 错：He stayed at home because of the heavy rain, but he wanted to go out.（此处表让步，应为in spite of） 对：He stayed at home in spite of the heavy rain—he really wanted to go out. ②介词短语的固定结构：部分短语后接名词或动名词，不可随意加不定式，如“instead of doing”，易误写为“instead of to do”。 错：I'll go instead of him to attend the meeting.（若表“代替他去”，应为instead of his going 或 instead of him） 对：I'll go instead of him to attend the meeting.（此处him为代词，可直接接） I'll go instead of going with him.（接动名词） ③短语中固定介词的遗漏：如“with regard to”误写为“with regard”，“in order to”误写为“in order”。 错：With regard your question, I'll reply later.（缺少to） 对：With regard to your question, I'll reply later. 10分钟小测 1. He always pays attention ___ his teacher in class.（ ） A. to B. in C. on D. for 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词+名词+介词固定搭配。“pay attention to”是讲义中核心搭配，意为“注意”，后接关注的对象，为固定用法，不可混淆介词，故选A。 2. My sister is good ___ playing the guitar.（ ） A. for B. at C. with D. to 【答案】B 【解析】考查形容词固定搭配。“be good at”意为“擅长……”，后接动名词/名词；“be good for”意为“对……有益”，结合句意“擅长弹吉他”，对应讲义形容词搭配考点，故选B。 3. There is no solution ___ this math problem.（ ） A. for B. of C. to D. with 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词固定搭配。“solution to sth.”是讲义中高频易错搭配，意为“……的解决方案”，易误写为“solution for”，需精准记忆名词与介词的固定搭配，故选C。 4. This song is popular ___ most teenagers.（ ） A. with B. for C. in D. to 【答案】A 【解析】考查形容词固定搭配。“popular with sb.”为固定搭配，意为“受某人欢迎”，对应讲义中形容词+介词核心考点，易误选“for”（混淆“popular with”与“famous for”），故选A。 5. She is afraid ___ staying alone in the dark.（ ） A. to B. of C. for D. about 【答案】B 【解析】考查形容词固定搭配辨析。“afraid of doing sth.”表“害怕发生某事”，后接动名词；“afraid to do sth.”表“不敢做某事”，后接动词原形。空格后为动名词“staying”，对应讲义同义搭配差异考点，故选B。 6. ___ the cold, we still went to school on time.（ ） A. Because of B. In spite of C. Instead of D. Thanks to 【答案】B 【解析】考查介词短语固定搭配辨析。“in spite of”表“尽管”，表让步；“because of”表原因，“instead of”表替代，“thanks to”表“多亏”。结合句意“尽管冷，仍准时到校”，逻辑为让步，对应讲义介词短语考点，故选B。 7. He sticks ___ his study plan every day.（ ） A. to B. on C. in D. with 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词固定搭配。“stick to”是讲义中核心动词搭配，意为“坚持”，后接名词/动名词，为固定用法，不可替换介词，故选A。 8. They are talking ___ the coming school trip.（ ） A. with B. to C. about D. for 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词固定搭配辨析。“talk about sth.”意为“谈论某事”，“talk with/to sb.”意为“与某人交谈”。空格后为“校园旅行”（事物），对应讲义动词+介词搭配差异考点，故选C。 9. She decided ___ a walk after dinner.（ ） A. take B. to take C. taking D. took 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词固定搭配。“decide to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”，“to”为不定式符号，后接动词原形，对应讲义中动词+不定式考点，易错点为误接动名词，故选B。 10. Her opinion is different ___ mine.（ ） A. from B. with C. to D. than 【答案】A 【解析】考查形容词固定搭配。“different from”是固定搭配，意为“与……不同”，易误选“with”或“than”，为讲义中高频易错点，需精准记忆，故选A。 经典试题解析 1.（2024·甘肃中职·单选23）We should focus ___ improving our English skills.（ ） A. in B. on C. at D. for 【答案】B 【知识点分析】考查动词固定搭配。“focus”的固定搭配为“focus on”，意为“集中于”，符合句意“我们应该集中精力提高英语技能”。故选B。 【易错分析】考生易混淆介词，误选A（in）或C（at），未掌握“focus on”的固定搭配；或因记忆不牢，不确定正确介词。 【解题关键】直接识别“focus”的固定搭配“focus on”，快速锁定答案。 2.（2023·甘肃中职·完形填空）She decided to give up ___ smoking for her health.（ ） A. to B. / C. on D. with 【答案】B 【知识点分析】考查动词固定搭配。“give up”后接动名词作宾语，“smoking”已为动名词形式，无需加介词，固定用法为“give up doing sth.”，意为“放弃做某事”。故选B。 【易错分析】考生易误加介词to，写成“give up to smoking”，忽略“give up”后接动名词的固定要求；或混淆“give up”与“give in to”的搭配。 【解题关键】牢记“give up doing sth.”结构，明确后接动名词，无需额外介词。 3.（2022·甘肃中职·翻译）他坚持每天晨读。（stick to） 【参考译文】He sticks to reading aloud every morning. 【知识点分析】考查动词固定搭配。“stick to”后接动名词，“晨读”译为“reading aloud”，主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词用“sticks”。 【易错分析】易误写为“He stick to read aloud every morning.”，忽略主语第三人称单数的谓语变化，或“stick to”后接不定式。 【解题关键】掌握“stick to doing sth.”搭配及主谓一致规则。 4.（2024·模拟预测）He has a good relationship ___ his classmates.（ ） A. with B. to C. for D. on 【答案】A 【知识点分析】考查名词固定搭配。“relationship”的固定搭配为“relationship with sb.”，意为“与某人的关系”，符合句意“他和同学关系很好”。故选A。 【易错分析】考生易误选B（to）或D（on），未掌握“relationship with”的固定介词搭配；或混淆“relationship”与“attitude to”的介词用法。 【解题关键】识别“relationship”与介词with的固定搭配，排除其他干扰项。 5.（2023·甘肃中职·单选18）We need to make a decision ___ the plan as soon as possible.（ ） A. about B. of C. in D. at 【答案】A 【知识点分析】考查名词固定搭配。“make a decision about/on sth.”为固定搭配，意为“就某事做决定”，此处“about”符合搭配要求。故选A。 【易错分析】易误选B（of），混淆“decision about”与“thought of”的介词；或因记忆不牢，选择无关介词。 【解题关键】牢记“make a decision about/on sth.”的固定搭配，根据选项锁定正确介词。 6.（2024·甘肃中职·完形填空）The film is popular ___ young people.（ ） A. with B. for C. to D. in 【答案】A 【知识点分析】考查形容词固定搭配。“popular”的固定搭配为“popular with sb.”，意为“受某人欢迎”，符合句意“这部电影受年轻人欢迎”。故选A。 【易错分析】易误选B（for），混淆“popular with”与“famous for”的介词；或误选C（to），记忆错误搭配。 【解题关键】直接匹配“popular with”的固定搭配，快速作答。 7.（2023·模拟预测）He is afraid ___ flying in bad weather.（ ） A. to B. of C. for D. about 【答案】B 【知识点分析】考查形容词固定搭配。“afraid of doing sth.”表示“害怕发生某事”，“flying”为动名词，故用介词of，符合句意“他害怕在恶劣天气坐飞机”。故选B。 【易错分析】易误选A（to），混淆“afraid of doing”与“afraid to do”；或误选C（for），使用错误介词。 【解题关键】根据空格后为动名词“flying”，确定用“afraid of”，若为不定式则用“afraid to”。 8.（2024·甘肃中职·阅读理解）In spite of the rain, we still went hiking.（ ） A. 因为 B. 尽管 C. 除了 D. 关于 【答案】B 【知识点分析】考查介词短语固定搭配。“in spite of”为固定短语，意为“尽管；不管”，结合后半句“still went hiking”（仍然去徒步），逻辑上为让步关系。故选B。 【易错分析】易误选A（因为），混淆“in spite of”与“because of”的含义；或因短语记忆不牢，选择错误释义。 【解题关键】结合上下文逻辑（下雨仍去徒步），再匹配“in spite of”的固定含义，锁定答案。 9.（2021·甘肃中职·完形填空）She is looking forward ___ seeing her grandparents.（ ） A. to B. for C. at D. on 【答案】A 【知识点分析】考查动词固定搭配。“look forward to”为固定短语，意为“期待”，其中“to”为介词，后接动名词，符合句意“她期待见到祖父母”。故选A。 【易错分析】易误选B（for），混淆“look forward to”与“look for”（寻找）；或忽略“to”为介词，误写为“look forward do”。 【解题关键】牢记“look forward to doing sth.”的固定结构，识别“to”为介词，后接动名词。 10.（2022·甘肃中职·单选25）Her idea is different ___ mine.（ ） A. from B. with C. to D. than 【答案】A 【知识点分析】考查形容词固定搭配。“different”的固定搭配为“different from”，意为“与……不同”，符合句意“她的想法和我的不同”。故选A。 【易错分析】易误选B（with）或D（than），记忆错误搭配；部分考生受方言或习惯表达影响，误用介词。 【解题关键】直接锁定“different from”的固定搭配，排除其他干扰项。 四、专题归纳小结 （一）核心要点 1.固定搭配的核心是“固定性”：动词、名词、形容词与介词/副词的搭配具有唯一性，需精准记忆，不可随意替换介词或遗漏成分。 2.语境辅助判断：部分搭配存在多义或同义差异（如“afraid of”与“afraid to”），需结合句子结构（动名词/不定式）、上下文逻辑判断正确搭配。 3.词性决定用法：如“look forward to”中“to”为介词，后接动名词；“decide to”中“to”为不定式符号，后接动词原形，需区分词性差异。 （二）记忆方法 1.分类记忆法：按“动词搭配”“名词搭配”“形容词搭配”“介词短语”分类整理，建立专属词汇搭配手册，每天记忆10-15组，标注例句。 2.口诀记忆法： 动词搭配口诀：动词搭配看介词，固定组合记仔细；focus on 是集中，stick to 不放弃；look forward to 期待，give up 后接doing。 名词搭配口诀：名词介词要配对，interest in 是兴趣；relationship with 表关系，solution to 解难题。 形容词搭配口诀：形容词后介词定，popular with 受欢迎；different from 表不同，good at 擅本领。 介词短语口诀：介词短语记含义，in spite of 表让步；because of 是原因，instead of 来代替。 3.对比记忆法：将易混搭配对比记忆，如“agree with sb./agree to sth.”“afraid of doing/afraid to do”“in spite of/because of”，明确差异点。 （三）解题三步法 1.识搭配：先识别空格前后的核心词汇（动词、名词、形容词），回忆其常见固定搭配。 2.判词性/语境：根据空格后成分（动名词/名词/不定式）、上下文逻辑，排除不符合的搭配。 3.验通顺：锁定答案后，代入句子验证语义是否通顺、语法是否正确（如主谓一致、介词使用）。 （四）专题复习要求 1.积累背诵：整理“高频固定搭配清单”，涵盖本讲义所有核心搭配，每天晨读背诵，结合例句理解用法。 2.专项训练：每天完成15-20道固定搭配专项题，重点练习近5年甘肃中职升学考试真题，强化考点记忆。 3.语境应用：每类搭配至少造3个句子，如“focus on”：①I focus on my study.②She focuses on drawing.③We focus on improving skills.，强化“搭配—语境”关联。 4.错题复盘：建立错题本，标注错误类型（介词误用、搭配遗漏、含义混淆），每周复盘1次，针对性强化薄弱搭配。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $