Unit 1 How tall are you?寒假语法预习(讲义)-2025-2026学年人教PEP版(2012)英语六年级下册

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人教版英语六年级下册Unit 1 How tall are you?语法预习 说明:语法知识全面覆盖本单元核心考点(形容词比较级、特殊疑问句提问身高/体重/尺寸、度量单位表达、一般现在时的特殊用法),贴合“人物/事物比较”主题,符合六年级学生认知水平;预习检测练习题型丰富,精准对应每个语法点,全面检测预习效果,兼顾基础性、应用性和拓展性;答案附带详细解析,标注对应考点,方便自主订正和辅导。 一、核心语法知识全面梳理 核心语法点1:形容词比较级(本单元重中之重,必考考点) 本单元核心围绕“比较人/事物的身高、体重、长度、年龄”展开,形容词比较级是核心语法,用于两者之间的比较,重点掌握变化规则和基本用法。 (1)形容词比较级的变化规则(分规则变化+不规则变化,全掌握) 规则变化(4类,结合本单元高频形容词) 1.一般单音节形容词:直接在词尾加er 例:tall→taller(更高的)、short→shorter(更矮的/更短的)、long→longer(更长的)、young→younger(更年轻的) 2.以不发音的字母e结尾的形容词:直接加r 例:nice→nicer、fine→finer(本单元拓展,贴合比较语境) 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词:变y为i,再加er 例:heavy→heavier(更重的)、happy→happier(本单元拓展) 4.重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的形容词:双写末尾辅音字母,再加er 例:big→bigger(更大的)、thin→thinner(更瘦的)、fat→fatter(更胖的) 不规则变化(本单元高频3个,必须熟记,无规律) good/well→better(更好的) bad→worse(更糟的)(本单元拓展) much/many→more(更多的)(本单元拓展,用于修饰比较级) (2)形容词比较级的基本用法(3大核心,贴合单元主题) 1.基本结构:A + be动词 + 形容词比较级 + than + B (A比B更……,than是比较级的标志词,必须熟记) 例:I am taller than you.(我比你更高。) He is heavier than Mike.(他比迈克更重。) This ruler is longer than that one.(这把尺子比那把更长。) 2.比较级前的修饰词:可用a little(一点)、much(得多)、even(甚至) 修饰,表程度 例:She is a little shorter than me.(她比我矮一点。) This box is much bigger than that one.(这个盒子比那个大得多。) 3.省略形式:当比较的对象明确时,可省略than后的内容 例:Who is taller?(谁更高?)→ Tom is taller.(汤姆更高。) (3)易错提醒 比较级只能用于两者之间的比较,三者及以上用最高级(本单元简单了解,后续重点学); than后的人称代词用宾格(me/you/him/her/it/us/them),例:taller than him(比他高),不能说taller than he; 形容词比较级后不能直接加名词,需加than连接比较对象。 核心语法点2:询问身高/体重/尺寸的特殊疑问句(本单元高频句型) 结合形容词比较级,本单元重点考查由how引导的特殊疑问句,用于询问人/事物的身高、体重、长度,是口语和笔试的常考点,重点掌握句型结构和答句。 (1)询问身高:How tall + be动词 + 主语? 句型:How tall is he/she/it? / How tall are you/they? 答句:主语 + be动词 + 数字 + 度量单位(metre/metres 米,centimetre/centimetres 厘米) 例:—How tall are you?(你多高?)—I am 1.65 metres.(我1米65。) —How tall is Mike?(迈克多高?)—He is 1.70 metres.(他1米70。) (2)询问体重:How heavy + be动词 + 主语? 句型:How heavy is he/she/it? / How heavy are you/they? 答句:主语 + be动词 + 数字 + 度量单位(kilogram/kilograms 千克,kg) 例:—How heavy are you?(你多重?)—I am 45 kilograms.(我45千克。) —How heavy is the box?(这个盒子多重?)—It is 10 kilograms.(它10千克。) (3)询问长度/尺寸:How long + be动词 + 主语? 句型:How long is it/this/that? / How long are they/these/those? 答句:主语 + be动词 + 数字 + 度量单位(metre/metres 米,centimetre/centimetres 厘米) 例:—How long is this ruler?(这把尺子多长?)—It is 30 centimetres.(它30厘米。) (4)易错提醒 度量单位metre/kilogram等,前面数字大于1时,必须用复数(加s),例:1.65 metres(正确),1 metre(正确); 句型中be动词的单复数由主语决定,主语是单数用is,复数用are。 核心语法点3:度量单位的表达与用法(基础考点,搭配比较级/特殊疑问句) 本单元描述身高、体重、长度时必须搭配度量单位,重点掌握英文表达、单复数变化、与数字的搭配,是基础必考内容。 1.身高单位:metre (m) 米 / centimetre (cm) 厘米 搭配:数字 + metre(s)/centimetre(s), 例:1.58 metres(1米58)、200 centimetres(200厘米) 2.体重单位:kilogram (kg) 千克(公斤) 搭配:数字 + kilogram(s), 例:50 kilograms(50千克)、8 kg(8千克,缩写可直接加数字) 3.长度单位:metre (m) 米 / centimetre (cm) 厘米 / kilometre (km) 千米(本单元拓展) 搭配:数字 + metre(s)/centimetre(s), 例:10 metres(10米)、50 cm(50厘米) 4.核心规则:数字大于1时,度量单位用复数(加s);数字为1时,用单数。 5.拓展用法:度量单位可与比较级结合,表“相差多少” 例:I am 5 centimetres taller than you.(我比你高5厘米。) He is 3 kilograms heavier than me.(他比我重3千克。) 核心语法点4:一般现在时的特殊用法(贴合本单元语境) 本单元描述人/事物的身高、体重、年龄、长度等客观特征,全程使用一般现在时,重点掌握be动词的用法和实义动词的搭配,无动词三单变化(本单元以be动词为主)。 1.be动词的基本用法:主语 + am/is/are + 表语(身高/体重/形容词比较级) 例:She is tall.(她很高。)、They are short.(他们很矮。)、I am heavier than you.(我比你重。) 2.实义动词的搭配:表“看起来”look + 形容词/比较级,贴合本单元描述外貌/特征 例:He looks taller than before.(他看起来比以前高了。)、This box looks bigger.(这个盒子看起来更大。) 3.易错提醒:look是感官动词,后面直接加形容词/比较级,不能加副词,例:look taller(正确),look tallly(错误)。 核心语法点5:本单元高频同义句/替换表达(拓展考点,提升应用能力) 本单元常考同义句转换,重点掌握以下几组,贴合笔试的句型转换题,提升解题能力。 1.主语 + be动词 + 数字 + 度量单位 + tall. = 主语’s height is + 数字 + 度量单位. 例:I am 1.60 metres tall. = My height is 1.60 metres.(我身高1米60。) 2.主语 + be动词 + 数字 + 度量单位 + heavy. = 主语’s weight is + 数字 + 度量单位. 例:He is 50 kilograms heavy. = His weight is 50 kilograms.(他体重50千克。) 3.A is + 数字 + 度量单位 + 比较级 + than B. = A is taller than B by + 数字 + 度量单位. 例:I am 2 cm taller than you. = I am taller than you by 2 cm.(我比你高2厘米。) 预习检测练习 一、写出下列形容词的比较级形式(考查语法点1) 1.tall → ________ 2.short → ________ 3.long → ________ 4.young → ________5.heavy → ________ 6. thin → ________ 7. big → ________ 8. fat → ________ 9.nice → ________ 10. fine → ________11.happy → _______12.small → ________ 13.good → ________14. bad → ________ 15. much → ________ 二、用所给形容词的适当形式填空(考查语法点1) 1.Tom is ________ (tall) than his brother. 2.This box is ________ (heavy) than that one. 3.My ruler is ________ (long) than yours. 4.She is ________ (young) than me. 5.He is ________ (thin) than his friend. 6.This apple is ________ (big) than that pear. 7.I am ________ (short) than my mother. 8.The dog is ________ (fat) than the cat. 9.She looks ________ (happy) than before. 10.This book is ________ (good) than that one. 三、按要求完成句型转换(考查语法点1/2/5) 1.I am 1.62 metres tall.(对划线部分提问) 2.He is 48 kilograms heavy.(对划线部分提问) 3.This ruler is 25 centimetres long.(对划线部分提问) 4.Mike is taller than John.(改为一般疑问句) 5.I am heavier than you.(改为否定句) 6.She is 1.58 metres tall.(改为同义句) 7.He is 5 kilograms heavier than me.(改为同义句) 8.Tom is tall. Jim is taller.(合并为一句,用比较级) 四、单项选择(考查所有语法点) ( )1.—How ________ are you? —I am 1.65 metres. A. tall B. heavy C. long ( )2.Tom is ________ than his sister. A. tall B. taller C. tallest ( )3.—How heavy is she? —She is 45 ________. A. kilogram B. kilograms C. metre ( )4.I am 3 centimetres ________ than you. A. tall B. taller C. short ( )5.This pen is ________ than that one. A. long B. longer C. longest ( )6.—How long is the desk? —It is 2 ________. A. metre B. metres C. centimetre ( )7.She ________ 1.50 metres tall. A. is B. are C. am ( )8.My mother is ________ than my father. A. young B. younger C. youngger ( )9.—Is Mike heavier than Tom? —________ A. Yes, he is. B. Yes, he does. C. No, he isn’t heavy. ( )10.His weight ________ 50 kilograms. A. is B. are C. am ( )11.I am taller than ________. A. he B. him C. his ( )12.This box is much ________ than that one. A. big B. bigger C. biger ( )13.—Who is ________, Tom or Jim? —Tom is. A. tall B. taller C. tallest ( )14.She looks ________ than her sister. A. happy B. happier C. happily ( )15.I am 1.60 metres. My sister is 1.65 metres. She is ________ than me. A. shorter B. taller C. heavier 五、补全对话(结合语法点,考查口语应用) A: Hello, Mike! 1 are you? B: I am 1.68 metres tall. 2 about you? A: I am 1.65 metres. I am 3 centimetres 3 than you. B: How 4 are you? A: I am 42 kilograms. What about you? B: I am 45 kilograms. I am 5 than you. A: Oh, you are heavier than me. How long is your new ruler? B: It is 30 6. A. taller B.heavier C.How tall D.centimetres E.How heavy F.What 六、阅读理解(结合语法知识,考查综合应用) Hello, everyone! My name is Amy. I am 12 years old. I am 1.56 metres tall and 40 kilograms heavy. My best friend is Sarah. She is 11 years old. She is 1.58 metres tall and 38 kilograms heavy. Sarah is taller than me, but I am heavier than her. My brother Tom is 14 years old. He is 1.75 metres tall and 50 kilograms heavy. He is much taller and heavier than both Sarah and me. We all have a new ruler. My ruler is 25 centimetres long. Sarah’s ruler is 28 centimetres long. Tom’s ruler is 30 centimetres long. Tom’s ruler is the longest. Sarah’s ruler is longer than mine. 根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。 ( )1.How tall is Amy? A. 1.56 metres. B. 1.58 metres. C. 1.75 metres. ( )2.Sarah is ________ than Amy. A. shorter B. taller C. heavier ( )3.How heavy is Tom? A. 40 kilograms. B. 38 kilograms. C. 50 kilograms. ( )4.Amy’s ruler is ________ centimetres long. A. 25 B. 28 C. 30 ( )5.Which one is right? A. Amy is older than Sarah. B. Tom is shorter than Amy. C. Sarah’s ruler is the longest. 七、书面表达(考查语法综合应用) 以“My Friend and I”为题,写一篇小短文,介绍你和朋友的身高、体重,用形容词比较级进行比较,不少于5句话。 提示:1. 介绍姓名、身高、体重;2. 用比较级比较两人的身高、体重;3. 语句通顺,语法正确。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案及详细解析 一、写出下列形容词的比较级形式 1.taller 2. shorter 3. longer 4. younger 5. heavier 6.thinner 7. bigger 8. fatter 9. nicer 10. finer 11.happier 12. smaller 13. better 14. worse 15. more 解析:考查语法点1(形容词比较级变化规则),重点掌握:辅音字母+y结尾变y为i加er;重读闭音节双写辅音字母加er;不规则变化(good→better、much→more)必须熟记。 二、用所给形容词的适当形式填空 1.taller 2. heavier 3. longer 4. younger 5. thinner 6.bigger 7. shorter 8. fatter 9. happier 10. better 解析:考查语法点1(形容词比较级用法),所有题目均有than(比较级标志词),直接用比较级形式;注意不规则变化good→better。 三、按要求完成句型转换 1.How tall are you? 2.How heavy is he? 3.How long is this ruler? 4.Is Mike taller than John? 5.I am not heavier than you. 6.Her height is 1.58 metres. 7.He is taller than me by 5 kilograms.(注:体重比较,也可写He is heavier than me by 5 kilograms.) 8.Jim is taller than Tom. 解析:1-3考查语法点2(特殊疑问句),分别对身高、体重、长度提问,用How tall/heavy/long;4考查比较级的一般疑问句,be动词提前即可;5考查否定句,be动词后加not;6-7考查语法点5(同义句);8考查比较级的合并句,结合句意用taller。 四、单项选择 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.A 11.B 12.B 13.B 14.B 15.B 解析: 1.答句是身高,用How tall提问;3. 45大于1,kilogram用复数;5. than是比较级标志,用longer; 8.young是以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i加er;11. than后用人称代词宾格him;12. big是重读闭音节,双写g加er; 13.两者之间比较,用比较级taller;14. look后加形容词比较级happier。 五、补全对话 1.C 2.F 3.A 4.E 5.B 6.D 解析:考查语法点1/2/3的综合应用,结合语境:1答句是身高,用How tall;2What about you是固定搭配;3结合身高,用taller;4答句是体重,用How heavy;5结合体重,用heavier;6尺子长度用centimetres。 六、阅读理解 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.A 解析:1. 由“I am 1.56 metres tall”可知;2. 由“Sarah is taller than me”可知;3. 由“He is 1.75 metres tall and 50 kilograms heavy”可知;4. 由“My ruler is 25 centimetres long”可知;5. 由“Amy is 12 years old. She is 11 years old”可知Amy比Sarah大。 七、书面表达(参考范文) My Friend and I I am Li Ming. I am 1.60 metres tall and 45 kilograms heavy. My good friend is Zhang Peng. He is 1.65 metres tall and 48 kilograms heavy. Zhang Peng is taller than me. He is also heavier than me. I have a ruler. It is 26 centimetres long. Zhang Peng’s ruler is 28 centimetres long. His ruler is longer than mine. We are good friends. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 1 How tall are you?寒假语法预习(讲义)-2025-2026学年人教PEP版(2012)英语六年级下册
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Unit 1 How tall are you?寒假语法预习(讲义)-2025-2026学年人教PEP版(2012)英语六年级下册
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Unit 1 How tall are you?寒假语法预习(讲义)-2025-2026学年人教PEP版(2012)英语六年级下册
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