Unit 9 Forces of Nature（单元写作精练）英语新教材仁爱科普版八年级下册

Unit 9 Forces of Nature 单元写作精练 写作主题 识 写作主题：描述自然灾害经历与自我保护措施 本单元围绕“自然力量”这一核心展开，重点探讨各类自然灾害及其应对方法。写作旨在引导学生结合个人经历或所学知识，描述一种自然灾害的发生过程、影响以及如何采取有效措施保护自己与他人。写作中需注意使用正确的时态（如一般过去时叙述经历，一般现在时描述常识与建议），结构清晰，并能运用本单元所学相关词汇、句型和表达。本单元核心写作句型与词汇： 1. 开头引入： - I’d like to share my experience during the earthquake/flood/typhoon. - Natural disasters can be very dangerous, so it’s important to know how to protect ourselves. 2. 描述灾害现象： - A sudden earthquake shook the whole city. - The flood covered the land with water and caused great damage. - The typhoon brought strong winds and heavy rain. 3. 描述应对行动： - I hid under a strong desk and held on to its legs. - We moved to a higher place to stay safe from the flood. - My family prepared enough food, water, and flashlights before the typhoon came. 4. 提出建议与措施： - We should stay calm and find a safe place to hide. - It’s important to prepare a first-aid kit at home. - We must stay away from trees and power lines during a thunderstorm. 5. 结尾总结感悟： - I learned that being prepared can help save our lives. - We should always respect nature and learn how to protect ourselves. 真题示例 （2024·福建·中考模拟）学校英语俱乐部正在举办题为“My Experience in a Natural Disaster”的征文活动。请你根据以下提示，写一篇短文投稿，描述你经历过或了解的一次自然灾害，并谈谈你从中学会了什么。 提示： 1. 描述自然灾害的类型、发生时间和地点； 2. 叙述你或他人在灾害中的行动； 3. 总结你从中学到的安全知识或感悟。 要求： 1. 短文须包含所有提示要点，可适当发挥； 2. 文中不得出现真实人名、校名； 3. 词数100左右。 My Experience in a Natural Disaster ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【范文】 My Experience in a Natural Disaster Last summer, a heavy flood hit my hometown. It rained for three days without stopping, and soon the river overflowed. The water covered roads and even entered some houses. My family and I moved to the second floor to stay safe. We also prepared clean water, food, and a flashlight. My father helped our neighbors move their things to higher places. After the flood, everyone worked together to clean up the mud and repair the damaged houses. From this experience, I learned that we should always be prepared for natural disasters. It’s also important to help each other in difficult times. Now, I know how to make a safety plan with my family. 写作指导 [总体框架] 1. 题材：记叙文或说明文，结合个人经历或知识。 2. 时态：一般过去时（叙述经历），一般现在时（描述常识、建议与感悟）。 3. 结构建议： (1) 开头：引入话题，说明灾害类型。 (2) 主体：描述灾害发生时的情景、个人/他人的行动。 (3) 结尾：总结学到的安全知识或感悟。 [写作步骤] 1. 简要说明自然灾害的类型、时间、地点； 2. 详细描述灾害发生时的情景与应对措施； 3. 叙述个人或周围人的具体行动； 4. 总结从中学到的安全知识或人生感悟。 [亮点词汇] 1. natural disaster 自然灾害 2. protect oneself 保护自己 3. first-aid kit 急救包 4. stay calm 保持冷静 5. power lines 电线 6. safety training 安全培训 7. aftershock 余震 [高分句型] 1. I was... when the disaster happened. 2. We should... to keep ourselves safe. 3. From this experience, I learned that... 题型通关 练 1．（2025·山东聊城·中考模拟）根据下面提示，以“What to do in an earthquake”为题用英语写一篇文章。众所周知，近来地震频发。虽然现在我们可以采取一些措施来警告人们关于地震的事情，但是我觉得学生应该了解更多关于在地震中该怎么做的事情。下面就是我的一些建议： 如果你在室内： 1.不要跳下高楼。躲在桌下，远离窗户和大家具。 2.当地面停止晃动时，快速离开建筑物，但不要用电梯。 如果你在室外： 1.不要站在路灯和电线下面。 2.在山里，小心落石；在沙滩上，快速转移到高地。 总之，遵循以上建议，并且保持镇静。你会安全而且你还可以帮助挽救他人。 要求： 1.要点齐全，语句通顺，语法正确，书写规范； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文流畅； 3.不少于80词 (开头已给出，不计入总词数) What to do in an earthquake As we all know, earthquakes have happened several times recently. Although we can do something to warn people about them, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 What to do in an earthquake As we all know, earthquakes have happened several times recently. Although we can do something to warn people about them, I think students should know more about what to do in an/ the earthquake. Here’s some of my advice. When you’re inside, don’t jump out of high buildings. Hide under a table and stay away from windows and heavy furniture. Leave the building quickly when the ground stops shaking, but don’t use the lift. When you’re outside, don’t stand under the street lights or power lines. In the mountains, be careful of falling rocks. On a beach, move quickly to higher ground. In short, follow the above advice and keep calm. You can be safe and you can also help save others. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“信息提示”中的每一项提示，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，引出“地震时如何做”的话题； 第二步，介绍在室内和室外分别怎么做； 第三步，书写结语。 [亮点词汇] ①recently最近 ②stay away from远离 ③keep calm保持冷静 [高分句型] ①When you’re outside, don’t stand under the street lights or power lines. In the mountains, be careful of falling rocks. (when引导的时间状语从句) ②Although we can do something to warn people about them, I think students should know more about what to do in an/ the earthquake. (Although引导的让步状语从句) 2．（2024·河南漯河·中考模拟）雪可以给我们带来快乐，但同时我们也应该懂得如何在暴雪天气保护自己。请你结合下面图示信息，以“How to protect ourselves during the heavy snow”为题，根据写作要求，用英语写一篇短文，向校刊的英语专栏投稿。 写作要求：1.文中须包含上图提示的所有信息，可适当发挥； 2.文中不得出现考生的真实姓名和学校名称； 3.词数 100 左右。 参考词汇：cleats 防滑鞋 How to protect ourselves during the heavy snow ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 How to protect ourselves during the heavy snow It is quite normal to have heavy snow in winter. However, when there is heavy snow, it is also very dangerous, such as falling down and so on. How to protect ourselves during the heavy snow? Here are some suggestions. First, stay away from snow-covered trees and billboards because they can fall and hurt people. Second, it is best to wear cleats to avoid falling down. Third, we had better not go out. If we have to go out, we must pay attention to safety. Also, we must be careful of holes under the snow. Snow can bring us happiness if we learn to protect ourselves. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为一般现在时； ③提示：根据提示内容介绍如何在暴雪天气保护自己，适当增加细节。 [写作步骤] 第一步，引出话题； 第二步，详细介绍如何在暴雪天气保护自己； 第三步，书写结语。 [亮点词汇] ①and so on等等 ②stay away from远离 ③pay attention to注意 [高分句型] ①However, when there is heavy snow, it is also very dangerous, such as falling down and so on. (when引导的时间状语从句) ②First, stay away from snow-covered trees and billboards because they can fall and hurt people. (because引导的原因状语从句) ③If we have to go out, we must pay attention to safety. (if引导的条件状语从句) 3．（22-23·八下·河南周口·期末）2022年6月1日，李华的家乡四川雅安市芦山县发生了一场地震，幸运的是，李华一家安然无恙。假如你是李华，请描述一下地震发生时家人的活动及地震后社区的情况。 提示： (1) What were your family doing? (2) What was the community like after the earthquake? 要求： (1) 结构完整，表达通顺，语言规范，书写清晰； (2) 文中不得出现真实姓名、校名等信息； (3) 词数70个左右 (开头已给出，不计入总词数)。 My name is Li Hua. There was an earthquake (地震) at about 5:00 p. m. on June 1st. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 My name is Li Hua. There was an earthquake (地震) at about 5:00 p. m. on June 1st. At that time, all my family were at home. I was taking a shower in the bathroom. My father was working on the computer. My mother was cooking in the kitchen. My grandparents were watching TV in the living room. We were all scared. The earthquake made our neighborhood in a mess. There were some fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish. But luckily, it wasn’t too heavy and it didn’t last for too long. We were all safe. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：本文应使用“一般过去时”与“过去进行时”为主； ③提示：写作要点已给出，应注意不要遗漏题干中每一项内容，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，借用文章开头，介绍发生了地震； 第二步，根据题干中的要点，描述地震发生时家人在做什么； 第三步，描述地震后的社区，以及大家的感受等，并收尾。 [亮点词汇] ①at that time在那时 ②in a mess混乱 [高分句型] ①There were some fallen trees, broken windows and rubbish.（there be句型） ②But luckily, it wasn’t too heavy and it didn’t last for too long.（and表并列） 4．（25-26·八年级下·全国·单元测试）Daming 所在的城市昨天晚上遭遇了一场暴风雪。幸运的是，暴风雪持续的时间并不长，他们全家安然无恙。假如你是Daming，请描述暴风雪发生时家里人的活动情景。 内容要点: 1. 暴风雪的时间: yesterday evening 2. 暴风雪时全家人都在做什么: My mother was. . . 3. 暴风雪时的心情: scared. . . 4. 暴风雪的后果: all safe 5. 暴风雪后的思考: keep calm 要求: 1. 不得使用真实的姓名和学校名； 2. 可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯； 3. 字迹 工整、语言精练、表达准确、条理清晰。80~100 词(开头已给出，不计入总词数)。 My name is Daming. In my city, there was ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 My name is Daming. In my city, there was a snowstorm yesterday evening. My mother was cooking dinner in the kitchen when it started.My father was watching TV, and I was doing my homework in my room. Suddenly, the wind howled loudly, and the snow fell heavily. We were all scared because it was so loud.Luckily, the storm didn’t last long. After it ended, we checked everything and felt happy that we were all safe. Remember to stay indoors during bad weather. In order to keep ourselves safe, I think we should keep calm and call 110 for help. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：材料作文； ②时态：一般过去时； ③提示：根据要点描述暴风雪发生的时间、家人活动、心情、结果及思考，需补充细节使内容连贯。 [写作步骤] 第一步：用1-2句交代人物和暴风雪发生的时间； 第二步：按要点描述家人活动及心情，用并列结构连接； 第三步：说明结果并自然引出思考。 [亮点词汇] ①snowstorm 暴风雪 ②last long 持续很久 ③keep calm 保持冷静 [高分句型] ①We were all scared because it was so loud.（运用了原因状语从句） ②In order to keep ourselves safe, I think we should keep calm and call 110 for help.（运用了不定式作目的状语） 5．（25-26·八年级下·全国·单元测试）假设你是李华，上周经历了一场暴雨引发的洪水，请给你的笔友Tom写一封邮件，描述当时的情况。 提示： 1. 洪水发生时你正在做什么； 2. 洪水带来的影响（如道路被淹、停电等）； 3. 你和家人的应对措施及感受。 要求：80 词左右，语句通顺，语法正确。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： Dear Tom, Last week, I experienced a terrible flood caused by heavy rain. At that time, I was doing my homework quietly at home. Suddenly, water rushed in very quickly. The roads outside were soon completely under water and the power went out suddenly. It was dark and really scary outside. My family and I quickly moved important things upstairs. We stayed together, feeling worried but also trying to help each other. Luckily, we were all safe. The flood made me realize the great power of nature. Yours, Li Hua 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为电子邮件； ②时态：时态为“一般过去时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“信息提示”中洪水发生时的情况、洪水带来的影响、应对措施及感受等要点，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。借用“上周经历了一场暴雨引发的洪水”来引出重点介绍的内容； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“洪水发生时正在做什么、洪水带来的影响、应对措施及感受”几个方面重点介绍当时的情况； 第三步，书写结语。表达对自然力量的感慨。 [亮点词汇] ①rushed in 冲进来 ②completely under water 完全被水淹没 ③went out 熄灭 ④realize 意识到 [高分句型] ①At that time, I was doing my homework quietly at home.（过去进行时） ②The flood made me realize the great power of nature.（make sb do sth使某人做某事） 6．（25-26·八年级上·江苏南京·期末）假定你是李华，英国笔友Tom计划来中国旅行。他了解到自然灾害偶有发生，特询问相关信息。请回复邮件。 Dear Li Hua, I’ve read online that some areas may sometimes have natural disasters like earthquakes or floods. I’d like to know some safe ways to deal with them. For example, what should I do if an earthquake hits suddenly? And I also want to learn how to keep myself safe during a flood. Besides, I hope to get some simple safety rules for my trip. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Tom 注意： 1. 涵盖所有要点，语句通顺，意思连贯，书写规范； 2. 词数80词左右。邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3. 文中不得提及有关个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。 Dear Tom, I’m glad to share some safety tips with you.   ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I’m sure these tips will help you have a safe trip. Welcome to China! Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Tom, I'm glad to share some safety tips with you. If an earthquake hits suddenly, stay calm first. Try to hide under a strong table or stand in a corner. Stay away from windows. If you are outdoors, move to an open area. During a flood, do not walk or drive through moving water. Go to higher ground as soon as possible. Here are some general rules: always listen to local weather reports, know the emergency numbers, and follow instructions from local people. It’s also good to have a small safety bag with water, food, and a flashlight. I'm sure these tips will help you have a safe trip. Welcome to China! Yours, Li Hua 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：电子邮件； ②时态：一般现在时； ③提示：写作要点已给出，注意不要遗漏，并适当增加细节，以使行文连贯，并突出重点，注意字母大小写以及标点符号。 [写作步骤] 第一步，感谢询问并引出安全提示； 第二步，针对地震情况，提出室内外具体应对措施； 第三步，针对洪水情况，给出核心安全原则； 第四步，提供通用旅行安全建议； 第五步，表达祝愿。 [亮点词汇] ①stay calm保持冷静 ②strong table坚固的桌子 ③open area开阔地带 ④higher ground高地 ⑤emergency numbers紧急电话号码 [高分句型] ①If an earthquake hits suddenly, stay calm first. (If引导的条件状语从句，祈使句作主句) ②During a flood, do not walk or drive through moving water. (介词短语作时间状语，祈使句否定形式) ③It’s also good to have a small safety bag with water, food, and a flashlight. (It's+形容词+to do sth.结构，with短语作后置定语) 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 6 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 9 Forces of Nature 单元写作精练 写作主题 识 写作主题：描述自然灾害经历与自我保护措施 本单元围绕“自然力量”这一核心展开，重点探讨各类自然灾害及其应对方法。写作旨在引导学生结合个人经历或所学知识，描述一种自然灾害的发生过程、影响以及如何采取有效措施保护自己与他人。写作中需注意使用正确的时态（如一般过去时叙述经历，一般现在时描述常识与建议），结构清晰，并能运用本单元所学相关词汇、句型和表达。本单元核心写作句型与词汇： 1. 开头引入： - I’d like to share my experience during the earthquake/flood/typhoon. - Natural disasters can be very dangerous, so it’s important to know how to protect ourselves. 2. 描述灾害现象： - A sudden earthquake shook the whole city. - The flood covered the land with water and caused great damage. - The typhoon brought strong winds and heavy rain. 3. 描述应对行动： - I hid under a strong desk and held on to its legs. - We moved to a higher place to stay safe from the flood. - My family prepared enough food, water, and flashlights before the typhoon came. 4. 提出建议与措施： - We should stay calm and find a safe place to hide. - It’s important to prepare a first-aid kit at home. - We must stay away from trees and power lines during a thunderstorm. 5. 结尾总结感悟： - I learned that being prepared can help save our lives. - We should always respect nature and learn how to protect ourselves. 真题示例 （2024·福建·中考模拟）学校英语俱乐部正在举办题为“My Experience in a Natural Disaster”的征文活动。请你根据以下提示，写一篇短文投稿，描述你经历过或了解的一次自然灾害，并谈谈你从中学会了什么。 提示： 1. 描述自然灾害的类型、发生时间和地点； 2. 叙述你或他人在灾害中的行动； 3. 总结你从中学到的安全知识或感悟。 要求： 1. 短文须包含所有提示要点，可适当发挥； 2. 文中不得出现真实人名、校名； 3. 词数100左右。 My Experience in a Natural Disaster ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 题型通关 练 1．（2025·山东聊城·中考模拟）根据下面提示，以“What to do in an earthquake”为题用英语写一篇文章。众所周知，近来地震频发。虽然现在我们可以采取一些措施来警告人们关于地震的事情，但是我觉得学生应该了解更多关于在地震中该怎么做的事情。下面就是我的一些建议： 如果你在室内： 1.不要跳下高楼。躲在桌下，远离窗户和大家具。 2.当地面停止晃动时，快速离开建筑物，但不要用电梯。 如果你在室外： 1.不要站在路灯和电线下面。 2.在山里，小心落石；在沙滩上，快速转移到高地。 总之，遵循以上建议，并且保持镇静。你会安全而且你还可以帮助挽救他人。 要求： 1.要点齐全，语句通顺，语法正确，书写规范； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文流畅； 3.不少于80词 (开头已给出，不计入总词数) What to do in an earthquake As we all know, earthquakes have happened several times recently. Although we can do something to warn people about them, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．（2024·河南漯河·中考模拟）雪可以给我们带来快乐，但同时我们也应该懂得如何在暴雪天气保护自己。请你结合下面图示信息，以“How to protect ourselves during the heavy snow”为题，根据写作要求，用英语写一篇短文，向校刊的英语专栏投稿。 写作要求：1.文中须包含上图提示的所有信息，可适当发挥； 2.文中不得出现考生的真实姓名和学校名称； 3.词数 100 左右。 参考词汇：cleats 防滑鞋 How to protect ourselves during the heavy snow ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3．（22-23·八下·河南周口·期末）2022年6月1日，李华的家乡四川雅安市芦山县发生了一场地震，幸运的是，李华一家安然无恙。假如你是李华，请描述一下地震发生时家人的活动及地震后社区的情况。 提示： (1) What were your family doing? (2) What was the community like after the earthquake? 要求： (1) 结构完整，表达通顺，语言规范，书写清晰； (2) 文中不得出现真实姓名、校名等信息； (3) 词数70个左右 (开头已给出，不计入总词数)。 My name is Li Hua. There was an earthquake (地震) at about 5:00 p. m. on June 1st. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．（25-26·八年级下·全国·单元测试）Daming 所在的城市昨天晚上遭遇了一场暴风雪。幸运的是，暴风雪持续的时间并不长，他们全家安然无恙。假如你是Daming，请描述暴风雪发生时家里人的活动情景。 内容要点: 1. 暴风雪的时间: yesterday evening 2. 暴风雪时全家人都在做什么: My mother was. . . 3. 暴风雪时的心情: scared. . . 4. 暴风雪的后果: all safe 5. 暴风雪后的思考: keep calm 要求: 1. 不得使用真实的姓名和学校名； 2. 可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯； 3. 字迹 工整、语言精练、表达准确、条理清晰。80~100 词(开头已给出，不计入总词数)。 My name is Daming. In my city, there was ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5．（25-26·八年级下·全国·单元测试）假设你是李华，上周经历了一场暴雨引发的洪水，请给你的笔友Tom写一封邮件，描述当时的情况。 提示： 1. 洪水发生时你正在做什么； 2. 洪水带来的影响（如道路被淹、停电等）； 3. 你和家人的应对措施及感受。 要求：80 词左右，语句通顺，语法正确。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6．（25-26·八年级上·江苏南京·期末）假定你是李华，英国笔友Tom计划来中国旅行。他了解到自然灾害偶有发生，特询问相关信息。请回复邮件。 Dear Li Hua, I’ve read online that some areas may sometimes have natural disasters like earthquakes or floods. I’d like to know some safe ways to deal with them. For example, what should I do if an earthquake hits suddenly? And I also want to learn how to keep myself safe during a flood. Besides, I hope to get some simple safety rules for my trip. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Tom 注意： 1. 涵盖所有要点，语句通顺，意思连贯，书写规范； 2. 词数80词左右。邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3. 文中不得提及有关个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。 Dear Tom, I’m glad to share some safety tips with you.   ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I’m sure these tips will help you have a safe trip. Welcome to China! Yours, Li Hua 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 6 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $