专题4 动词和动词短语、介词和介词短语（B卷·能力提升）-2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、省编复习指导及历年真题编写。本资料紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态，聚焦高频考点，精讲精练，共覆盖包括各类语法和题型的15个专题，助力考生高效复习。同时，为构建完整学习体系，每个专题均配套对应讲义和AB卷习题，满足多样化学习需求。 本专题是2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》的第4个专题，内容为动词和动词短语、介词和介词短语。 2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》 专题4 动词和动词短语、介词和介词短语（B卷·能力提升） 考试时间：20分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共20小题；每小题4分，满分 80分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1. By the time we arrived at the cinema, the movie ______ for 10 minutes.​ A. had started B. had been on C. has started D. has been on 【答案】B​ 【解析】by the time...（到……时）→ 过去完成时；for 10 minutes（持续10分钟）→ 延续性动词 be on（上映/开着），故选 had been on。 2.The new bridge ______ by the end of last year, so we can cross it now.​ A. built B. was built C. had been built D. has been built 【答案】C​ 【解析】：by the end of last year（到去年年底）→ 过去完成时；主语 the new bridge是 build的承受者 → had been built（已被建造）。 3.—Did you see the exhibition yesterday?​ —Yes, but I ______ it twice before. I ______ it last summer. A. saw; saw B. had seen; saw C. have seen; have seen D. saw; have seen 【答案】B​ 【解析】：yesterday（昨天）→ 一般过去时 saw；before（之前）→ 过去完成时 had seen（之前看过两次）。 4.The problem ______ by the expert now, so we just need to wait for the result.​ A. is discussed B. is being discussed C. has been discussed D. was discussed 【答案】B​ 【解析】：now（现在）→ 现在进行时；主语 the problem是 discuss的承受者 → is being discussed（正在被讨论）。 5.—Why are you so late?​ —I ______ my phone at home and couldn’t get the bus notice. A. forgot B. left C. lost D. missed 【答案】B​ 【解析】：left（遗留，强调“把手机落在家里”），forgot（忘记，不强调地点），lost（丢失），missed（错过）→ 选 left。 6.These books ______ to the library by students before Friday, or you’ll be fined.​ A. must return B. must be returned C. can return D. can be returning 【答案】：B​ 【解析】：主语 books是 return（归还）的承受者 → 被动语态；must（必须）是情态动词，被动结构为 must be + 过去分词→ must be returned。 7.The sports meeting ______ because of the heavy rain, and we’ll have it next week.​ A. put off B. was put off C. has put off D. will put off 【答案】：B​ 【解析】：sports meeting（运动会）是被推迟 → 被动语态；because of the heavy rain（因为大雨）→ 过去时 was put off（被推迟）。 8.His efforts ______ finally—he got the first prize in the competition.​ A. paid off B. took off C. turned off D. broke off 【答案】：A​ 【解析】：finally（最终）→ 努力有了回报；paid off（成功/得到回报），took off（起飞/流行），turned off（关闭），broke off（中断）→ 选 paid off。 9.I ______ Beijing on business, and I ______ next week.​ A. have gone to; come back B. have been to; return C. have gone to; return D. have been in; come back 【答案】：C​ 【解析】：I haven’t seen you for ages!（很久没见！）→ 回应是“去了未回”；have gone to（去了未回）→ I have gone to Beijing；I’ll return next week（我下周回来）。 10.Please ______ the lights when you leave the classroom.​ A. turn off B. take off C. put off D. go off 【答案】：A​ 【解析】：when you leave...（离开时）→ 要求关灯；turn off（关闭电器），take off（脱下/起飞），put off（推迟），go off（爆炸/铃响）→ 选 turn off。 11.I can’t ______ my keys. Have you seen them?​ A. look for B. find C. find out D. look up 【答案】：B​ 【解析】：I can’t...my keys（我找不到钥匙）→ 强调“找不到的结果”；find（找到，强调结果），look for（寻找，强调过程）→ 选 find。 12.The tourists ______ the hotel early and headed to the airport.​ A. checked in B. checked out C. got up D. woke up 【答案】：B​ 【解析】：headed to the airport（前往机场）→ 之前动作是“退房”；checked out（退房），took out（取出），found out（查明），picked out（挑选）→ 选 checked out。 13.You should ______ your eyes and take breaks when using the computer.​ A. take care of B. take off C. take in D. take up 【答案】：A​ 【解析】：should（应该）后接动词原形；take care of（照顾眼睛），take off（脱下），take in（吸收），take up（开始从事）→ 选 take care of。 14.The teacher asked us to ______ the new words in the dictionary.​ A. look up B. look for C. look after D. look at 【答案】：A​ 【解析】：the new words in the dictionary（查字典）→ 固定搭配 look up（查阅）；look for（寻找），look after（照顾），look at（看）→ 选 look up。 15.We usually have a meeting ______ 9:00 ______ the morning.​ A. at; in B. in; on C. on; at D. at; on 【答案】：A​ 【解析】：具体时刻 9:00→ at；泛指上午 → in the morning→ at 9:00 in the morning。 16.There is a post office ______ the bank and the supermarket.​ A. between B. among C. in D. on 【答案】：A​ 【解析】：between...and...（在两者之间）→ 银行和超市是两个地点；among（在三者以上之中）→ 选 between。 17.He was late ______ the heavy traffic.​ A. because B. because of C. since D. as 【答案】：B​ 【解析】：because of（因为，后接名词短语 the heavy traffic）→ 选 because of；because（因为，后接句子）→ 排除。 18.We can learn a lot ______ reading books.​ A. by B. with C. in D. on 【答案】：A​ 【解析】：by（通过某种方式）→ by reading books（通过读书）；with（用工具），in（用语言），on（在……上）→ 选 by。 19.The answer ______ the question is very important.​ A. of B. to C. for D. about 【答案】：B​ 【解析】：the answer to the question（问题的答案）→ 固定搭配；of（……的），for（为了），about（关于）→ 选 to。 20.He saved money ______ buy a new bike.​ A. in order to B. because of C. thanks to D. instead of 【答案】：A​ 【解析】：in order to（为了，表目的）→ He saved money in order to buy a new bike（他存钱是为了买自行车）；because of（因为），thanks to（多亏），instead of（代替）→ 选 in order to。 二、阅读理解（阅读下列短文，短文后面有五个小题，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。未选、错选或多选均不得分。共5小题，每小题2分, 满分10分。） At the age of 60, my dad fell ill. After sleeping for two months in hospital, he finally woke up. His waking up thrilled all our family. But then we knew he didn't know any of us! Since I was his only child, it was my duty to look after him. He forgot almost everything, but he did remember he liked sweets. I would give him one sweet if he didn't sit on the ground, a second for stopping painting on the wall, and another for not trying to put clothes on the dog. Dad became the oldest child in town. He climbed up the tree to catch a bird and couldn't get down after it flew away. He broke my window with a ball and cleaned our telephone in water like washing clothes. When I told him he was doing wrong thing, he would answer smilingly, "I like that!" My son then aged five, and two eight-year-old daughters, welcomed their big playmate. He would happily make them real cigarettes, share his sweets with them, and carry them high in the apple tree to pick apples. It is eight years since the accident. Dad has accepted the fact that he is the grandpa of his three playmates but not a brother. Though it is still tiring to take care of him, he truly brings us a lot of fun. In some way, I think it is a happy thing to look after Dad like looking after a child. How many people can have the chance to care for a childlike parent? 21.The word "thrilled" in Paragraph 1 probably means“_________” A. excited B. frightened C. worried D. upset 22. After the car accident, the father A. didn't remember anyone and anything B. suddenly developed a strong love for sweets C. often felt sorry when he made some trouble for the author D. had the body of a man but only the mind of a child 23. The author gave his father sweets in order to A. please the father and leave him a beautiful memory B. stop the father from doing something wrong or silly C. praise him for helping the author with housework D. encourage him to make friends with other children 24.What can we infer from the passage? A. The author was often annoyed (恼火的）at his father's mistakes. B. The three kids always regarded their grandfather as their best playmate. C. The author enjoyed the process（过程）of taking care of his father. D. The father never knew he was actually the grandfather of the author's kids. 25.The best title of the passage could be “___________” A. The Children's New Playmate B. The Sweetest Memories C. Dad's Problem D. My Oldest "Child" 【答案】21. A；22. D；23. B；24. C；25. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者60岁的父亲生病后失忆，智力如同孩子一般，作者像照顾孩子一样照顾父亲，虽然辛苦但父亲也给家庭带来了很多乐趣，作者认为这是一件幸福的事。 【解析】 21.词义猜测题 根据前文“After sleeping for two months in hospital, he finally woke up.”可知，父亲在医院睡了两个月后终于醒了，这是令人开心的事情。A选项“excited”（兴奋的，激动的）符合语境；B选项“frightened”（害怕的）；C选项“worried”（担心的）；D选项“upset”（心烦的）均不符合，故选A。 22.细节理解题 从文中可知父亲忘记几乎所有人和事，但还记得喜欢糖果，还会做出爬树、打破窗户等孩子般的行为，说明他身体是成年人，但心智像孩子。A选项“didn't remember anyone and anything”过于绝对，父亲记得喜欢糖果；B选项文中未提及突然对糖果有强烈热爱；C选项与原文“He would answer smilingly, 'I like that!'”不符，父亲并不觉得做错事抱歉。故选D。 23.细节理解题 文中提到“I would give him one sweet if he didn't sit on the ground, a second for stopping painting on the wall, and another for not trying to put clothes on the dog.”，说明作者给父亲糖果是为了阻止他做错事或傻事。A选项“leave him a beautiful memory”未提及；C选项“praise him for helping with housework”与原文不符；D选项“encourage him to make friends with other children”也未提及。故选B。 24.推理判断题 由最后一段“Though it is still tiring to take care of him, he truly brings us a lot of fun. In some way, I think it is a happy thing to look after Dad like looking after a child.”可知，作者享受照顾父亲的过程。A选项与原文不符，作者虽可能无奈但未体现恼火；B选项“always”过于绝对；D选项与原文“Dad has accepted the fact that he is the grandpa of his three playmates”不符。故选C。 25.标题归纳题 文章主要讲述了作者照顾像孩子一样的父亲的故事，D选项“My Oldest 'Child'”形象地概括了父亲在作者生活中的角色，适合作为标题。A选项只强调了父亲是孩子们的玩伴；B选项“sweetest memories”偏离文章重点；C选项“Dad's Problem”没有体现出作者照顾父亲的情感和意义。故选D。 三、短文填空: 本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last winter holiday, I volunteered at a community center in my neighborhood. When I first (26)______ (go) there, I was a bit worried because I had never done such work before. The manager (27)______ (introduce) me to other volunteers, and they were all very friendly. On the first day, we (28)______ (organize) a book - donation activity. We put up posters around the neighborhood to let people know about it. Many neighbors (29)______ (bring) their old books to the center. Some of them even (30)______ (offer) to help us sort the books. In the afternoon, we (31)______ (hold) a reading corner for kids. I (32)______ (choose) some interesting picture books and (33)______ (read) stories to them. The kids (34)______ (listen) carefully and asked a lot of questions. Seeing their happy faces, I (35)______ (realize) that volunteering was really meaningful. 【参考答案与解析】： 26.【答案】went - 【考查内容】动词时态（一般过去时） - When I first...there（当我第一次去那里时），描述过去发生的动作，go的过去式是 went。 27.【答案】introduced - 【考查内容】动词时态（一般过去时） -讲述过去发生的事，introduce（介绍）用过去式 introduced，表示经理过去把我介绍给其他志愿者。 28.【答案】organized - 【考查内容】动词时态（一般过去时） - On the first day（第一天），表明是过去的时段，organize（组织）用过去式 organized，即我们过去组织了一场图书捐赠活动。 29.【答案】brought - 【考查内容】动词时态（一般过去时） - 很多邻居把旧书带到中心是过去发生的事，bring（带来）的过去式是 brought。 30.【答案】offered - 【考查内容】动词时态（一般过去时） - 一些邻居主动提出帮忙整理书，offer（主动提出）用过去式 offered，描述过去的动作。 31.【答案】held - 【考查内容】动词时态（一般过去时） - 下午举办儿童阅读角是过去的事件，hold（举办）的过去式是 held。 32.【答案】chose - 【考查内容】动词时态（一般过去时） - 我挑选有趣的图画书，choose（挑选）的过去式是 chose，是过去的行为。 33.【答案】read - 【考查内容】动词时态（一般过去时） - 给孩子们读故事也是过去发生的，read的过去式和原形拼写相同，但读音不同，这里读 /red/ ，表示过去的动作。 34.【答案】listened - 【考查内容】动词时态（一般过去时） - 孩子们认真听并问很多问题，listen（听）的过去式是 listened，描述过去孩子们的状态。 35.【答案】realized - 【考查内容】动词时态（一般过去时） - 看到孩子们开心的脸，我意识到志愿活动有意义，realize（意识到）用过去式 realized，是过去产生的认知。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、省编复习指导及历年真题编写。本资料紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态，聚焦高频考点，精讲精练，共覆盖包括各类语法和题型的15个专题，助力考生高效复习。同时，为构建完整学习体系，每个专题均配套对应讲义和AB卷习题，满足多样化学习需求。 本专题是2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》的第4个专题，内容为动词和动词短语、介词和介词短语。 2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》 专题4 动词和动词短语、介词和介词短语（B卷·能力提升） 考试时间：20分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共20小题；每小题4分，满分 80分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1. By the time we arrived at the cinema, the movie ______ for 10 minutes.​ A. had started B. had been on C. has started D. has been on 2.The new bridge ______ by the end of last year, so we can cross it now.​ A. built B. was built C. had been built D. has been built 3.—Did you see the exhibition yesterday?​ —Yes, but I ______ it twice before. I ______ it last summer. A. saw; saw B. had seen; saw C. have seen; have seen D. saw; have seen 4.The problem ______ by the expert now, so we just need to wait for the result.​ A. is discussed B. is being discussed C. has been discussed D. was discussed 5.—Why are you so late?​ —I ______ my phone at home and couldn’t get the bus notice. A. forgot B. left C. lost D. missed 6.These books ______ to the library by students before Friday, or you’ll be fined.​ A. must return B. must be returned C. can return D. can be returning 7.The sports meeting ______ because of the heavy rain, and we’ll have it next week.​ A. put off B. was put off C. has put off D. will put off 8.His efforts ______ finally—he got the first prize in the competition.​ A. paid off B. took off C. turned off D. broke off 9.I ______ Beijing on business, and I ______ next week.​ A. have gone to; come back B. have been to; return C. have gone to; return D. have been in; come back 10.Please ______ the lights when you leave the classroom.​ A. turn off B. take off C. put off D. go off 11.I can’t ______ my keys. Have you seen them?​ A. look for B. find C. find out D. look up 12.The tourists ______ the hotel early and headed to the airport.​ A. checked in B. checked out C. got up D. woke up 13.You should ______ your eyes and take breaks when using the computer.​ A. take care of B. take off C. take in D. take up 14.The teacher asked us to ______ the new words in the dictionary.​ A. look up B. look for C. look after D. look at 15.We usually have a meeting ______ 9:00 ______ the morning.​ A. at; in B. in; on C. on; at D. at; on 16.There is a post office ______ the bank and the supermarket.​ A. between B. among C. in D. on 17.He was late ______ the heavy traffic.​ A. because B. because of C. since D. as 18.We can learn a lot ______ reading books.​ A. by B. with C. in D. on 19.The answer ______ the question is very important.​ A. of B. to C. for D. about 20.He saved money ______ buy a new bike.​ A. in order to B. because of C. thanks to D. instead of 二、阅读理解（阅读下列短文，短文后面有五个小题，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。未选、错选或多选均不得分。共5小题，每小题2分, 满分10分。） At the age of 60, my dad fell ill. After sleeping for two months in hospital, he finally woke up. His waking up thrilled all our family. But then we knew he didn't know any of us! Since I was his only child, it was my duty to look after him. He forgot almost everything, but he did remember he liked sweets. I would give him one sweet if he didn't sit on the ground, a second for stopping painting on the wall, and another for not trying to put clothes on the dog. Dad became the oldest child in town. He climbed up the tree to catch a bird and couldn't get down after it flew away. He broke my window with a ball and cleaned our telephone in water like washing clothes. When I told him he was doing wrong thing, he would answer smilingly, "I like that!" My son then aged five, and two eight-year-old daughters, welcomed their big playmate. He would happily make them real cigarettes, share his sweets with them, and carry them high in the apple tree to pick apples. It is eight years since the accident. Dad has accepted the fact that he is the grandpa of his three playmates but not a brother. Though it is still tiring to take care of him, he truly brings us a lot of fun. In some way, I think it is a happy thing to look after Dad like looking after a child. How many people can have the chance to care for a childlike parent? 21.The word "thrilled" in Paragraph 1 probably means“_________” A. excited B. frightened C. worried D. upset 22. After the car accident, the father A. didn't remember anyone and anything B. suddenly developed a strong love for sweets C. often felt sorry when he made some trouble for the author D. had the body of a man but only the mind of a child 23. The author gave his father sweets in order to A. please the father and leave him a beautiful memory B. stop the father from doing something wrong or silly C. praise him for helping the author with housework D. encourage him to make friends with other children 24.What can we infer from the passage? A. The author was often annoyed (恼火的）at his father's mistakes. B. The three kids always regarded their grandfather as their best playmate. C. The author enjoyed the process（过程）of taking care of his father. D. The father never knew he was actually the grandfather of the author's kids. 25.The best title of the passage could be “___________” A. The Children's New Playmate B. The Sweetest Memories C. Dad's Problem D. My Oldest "Child" 三、短文填空: 本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last winter holiday, I volunteered at a community center in my neighborhood. When I first (26)______ (go) there, I was a bit worried because I had never done such work before. The manager (27)______ (introduce) me to other volunteers, and they were all very friendly. On the first day, we (28)______ (organize) a book - donation activity. We put up posters around the neighborhood to let people know about it. Many neighbors (29)______ (bring) their old books to the center. Some of them even (30)______ (offer) to help us sort the books. In the afternoon, we (31)______ (hold) a reading corner for kids. I (32)______ (choose) some interesting picture books and (33)______ (read) stories to them. The kids (34)______ (listen) carefully and asked a lot of questions. Seeing their happy faces, I (35)______ (realize) that volunteering was really meaningful. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $