专题6 动词时态和语态及主谓一致（A卷·基础巩固）-2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、省编复习指导及历年真题编写。本资料紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态，聚焦高频考点，精讲精练，共覆盖包括各类语法和题型的15个专题，助力考生高效复习。同时，为构建完整学习体系，每个专题均配套对应讲义和AB卷习题，满足多样化学习需求。 本专题是2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》的第6个专题，内容为动词时态和语态及主谓一致。 2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》 专题6 动词时态和语态及主谓一致（A卷·基础巩固） 考试时间：20分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共20小题；每小题4分，满分 80分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1. —Did you see Tom yesterday? —Yes, he _______ his bike when I met him. A. repaired B. was repairing C. has repaired D. had repaired 【答案】B​ 【解析】考查过去进行时。根据“when I met him”（当我遇到他时）可知，强调过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时（was/were + 现在分词）。主语he是第三人称单数，故选B（was repairing）。 2.The new bridge _______ next month will shorten the travel time. A. builds B. is built C. will be built D. has been built 【答案】C​ 【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态。桥是“被建造”，需用被动语态；时间状语“next month”表将来，故用一般将来时的被动语态（will be + 过去分词）。选C（will be built）。 3.Neither the students nor the teacher _______ how to solve the problem yet. A. knows B. know C. has known D. are knowing 【答案】C​ 【解析】考查主谓一致和现在完成时。neither...nor...遵循“就近原则”，谓语与the teacher（单数）一致；“yet”（还）提示动作未完成，用现在完成时（have/has + 过去分词）。故选C（has known）。 4.If it _______ tomorrow, we _______ the sports meeting. A. rains; will cancel B. will rain; cancel C. rained; would cancel D. is raining; are canceling 【答案】A​ 【解析】考查条件状语从句的时态。if引导的条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时（will cancel），从句用一般现在时表将来（rains）。选A。 5.By the time I arrived, they _______ the project for two weeks. A. worked on B. have worked on C. had been working on D. were working on 【答案】C​ 【解析】考查过去完成进行时。“By the time I arrived”（到我到达时）是过去时间点，“for two weeks”强调动作持续，用过去完成进行时（had been + 现在分词）。选C（had been working on）。 6.—What were you doing at 9 p.m. last night? —I _______ an email to my friend. A. Write B. wrote C. was writing D. have written 【答案】C​ 【解析】考查过去进行时。问句询问“昨晚9点正在做什么”，答句需对应过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时（was/were + 现在分词）。主语I是第一人称，故选C（was writing）。 7.The injured soldiers _______ to the hospital by helicopter immediately. A. sent B. were sent C. have sent D. will send 【答案】B​ 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。士兵“被直升机送往医院”，用被动语态；时间状语“immediately”（立即）隐含过去动作，用一般过去时的被动（was/were + 过去分词）。主语soldiers是复数，故选B（were sent）。 8.There _______ a desk, two chairs, and three books in the room. A. is B. are C. was D. Were 【答案】A​ 【解析】考查there be句型的就近原则。there be句型中，be动词的单复数由最近的名词决定。最近的是“a desk”（单数），故选A（is）。 9.Three fifths of the land in the village _______ covered with trees. A. is B. are C. has D. Have 【答案】A​ 【解析】考查主谓一致。“分数/百分数 + of + 不可数名词”作主语时，谓语用单数。land（土地）是不可数名词，故选A（is）。 10.The famous singer, along with her band, _______ a concert next Saturday. A. gives B. give C. is giving D. are giving 【答案】C​ 【解析】考查主谓一致和现在进行时表将来。along with连接主语时，谓语与前面的主语（the famous singer，单数）一致；“next Saturday”（下周六）表将来，可用现在进行时（is giving）表将来计划。选C。 11.The old photos _______ me of my childhood in the countryside. A. remind B. reminds C. reminded D. are reminding 【答案】A​ 【解析】考查一般现在时。主语the old photos（复数），陈述客观事实（照片让我想起童年），用一般现在时（动词原形）。选A（remind）。 12.—Must I finish the report today? —No, you _______. You can submit it tomorrow. A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. shouldn’t 【答案】A​ 【解析】考查情态动词must的否定回答。Must提问的否定回答用“needn’t”（不必），表示“不需要今天完成”。选A。 13.By the end of last term, we _______ all the textbooks. A. read B. had read C. have read D. were reading 【答案】B​ 【解析】考查过去完成时。“By the end of last term”（到上学期末）是过去时间点，动作在此之前完成，用过去完成时（had + 过去分词）。选B（had read）。 14.The window _______ by Tom yesterday. A. breaks B. broke C. was broken D. is broken 【答案】C​ 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。窗户“被汤姆打破”，用被动语态；时间状语“yesterday”（昨天）用一般过去时（was/were + 过去分词）。主语window是单数，故选C（was broken）。 15.It is said that the new policy _______ next year. A. implements B. will implement C. is implemented D. will be implemented 【答案】D​ 【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态。政策“被实施”，用被动语态；“next year”（明年）表将来，用一般将来时的被动（will be + 过去分词）。选D（will be implemented）。 16.Not only the students but also the teacher _______ the book. A. reads B. read C. is reading D. are reading 【答案】A​ 【解析】考查主谓一致和一般现在时。not only...but also...遵循“就近原则”，谓语与the teacher（单数）一致；陈述客观事实（读这本书），用一般现在时（reads）。选A。 17.The teacher asked us if we _______ the experiment by last Friday. A. finish B. finished C. will finish D. had finished 【答案】D​ 【解析】考查过去完成时。主句“asked”（过去时），从句动作“在下周五前完成”相对于过去的将来，需用过去完成时（had finished）表示“到过去某时已完成”。选D。 18.The number of students in our school _______ increasing every year. A. is B. are C. has D. Have 【答案】A​ 【解析】考查主谓一致。“The number of + 复数名词”作主语时，谓语用单数（表示“数量”）。选A（is）。 19.Everyone in the class _______ the importance of recycling. A. understand B. understands C. understood D. Understanding 【答案】B​ 【解析】考查主谓一致。everyone（每个人）作主语时，谓语用单数。选B（understands）。 20.—Where is your father? —He _______ his car in the garage. A. repairs B. repaired C. is repairing D. has repaired 【答案】C​ 【解析】考查现在进行时。问句询问“父亲现在在哪”，答句需说明当前正在进行的动作（修车），用现在进行时（is repairing）。选C。 二、阅读理解（阅读下列短文，短文后面有五个小题，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。未选、错选或多选均不得分。共5小题，每小题2分, 满分10分。） Two years ago, I was sitting in my car waiting in a long line for a tollifT) station.When I finally reached the station, the toll station worker told me that the person in front had paid for me and I was free to go. I was so shocked. I didn't need to save the 5 dollars. I would never know who he was. I was tired by the heavy traffic and the long line, and that behavior was surprising and unbelievable, which really touched my heart. So I decided to pay for the next car waiting in line. The first time I tried to pay forward the toll, kept looking into my rearview mirror to see who I'd be paying for. In the mirror, I saw a tired looking tax driver. And 1 telt satistied that my money would be going to a good place. But before we got to the toll station, the taxi driver had suddenly changed his way and now there was someone else behind me. She looked upset and was gesturing(举止) angrily in a conversation with her friend. I wasn't willing to be paying for a woman like that and was certainly judging her by what I was seeing in the mirror.But anyway, I paid the toll for both of us and left. Thirty seconds later I was surprised to hear a honk (汽车的喇叭声). It was the woman and her friend waving at me from the other way! She looked cheerful and happy. She wasn't what I thought she was like. This was a valuable lesson that I shouldn't judge people so quickly..After all, I don't know their stories. 21.Who paid for the author? A. A caring stranger. C. A disappointed woman. B. A close friend. D. A toll station worker. 22.Why did the author pay forward the toll? A. Because he didn't need to save the money. B. Because he wanted to pass on the kindness. C. Because he was satisfied with the taxi driver. D. Because he made a mistake because of the tiredness. 23. How many vehicles did the author pay for? A. 0. B. 1. C. 2. D. 3. 24. What do we know about the author from the passage? A. He disliked the woman. B. He helped the taxi driver. C. He gladly paid for the woman. D. He changed his feelings towards the woman. 25. What's possibly the best title for the passage? A. An Unbelievable Behavior B. An Unforgettable Experience C. Misjudgment in the Mirror D. Payment at the Toll Station 【答案】21. A；22. B；23. C；24. D；25. C 【导语】本文讲述了作者在收费站因陌生人的善意（前车为其付费）深受感动，决定传递善举，却因主观判断险些错过温暖的故事。通过“镜中误判”的经历，作者领悟到不应以貌取人，需理解他人背后的故事。 【解析】 21.细节理解题（人物身份识别） 根据第一段“the toll station worker told me that the person in front had paid for me”（收费员告知作者是前面的人为他付了费），可知付费者是“前面的陌生人”。选项中“A caring stranger”（有爱心的陌生人）符合文意。其他选项：B（密友）、C（失望的女人）、D（收费员）均与原文矛盾。 22. 细节理解题（行为动机分析） 第一段提到作者被陌生人的行为“surprising and unbelievable, which really touched my heart”（震惊且感动），因此“decided to pay for the next car”（决定为下一辆车付费）。核心动机是“传递善意”。选项B（想传递善意）正确。其他选项：A（不需要省钱）、C（对出租车司机满意）、D（因疲惫犯错）均非主要原因。 23. 细节理解题（数量统计） 第二段描述作者原计划为出租车司机付费，但出租车司机变道后，后面变为一位女性。作者最终“paid the toll for both of us”（为我们两人付费）——此处“both”指作者自己和后面的女性（尽管作者已被前车付费，但实际操作中可能为女性的车付费，结合语境理解为两辆车）。因此作者共支付了2辆车（自己原本的车已被付，此处可能表述为“为自己和女性各付一次”），答案选C（2）。 24. 推理判断题（人物情感变化） 第二段提到作者最初“wasn’t willing to be paying for a woman like that and was certainly judging her”（不愿为她付费并评判她）；第三段提到女性向他挥手致谢后，作者意识到“shouldn’t judge people so quickly”（不该太快评判）。可见作者对女性的情感从负面转为正面，即“改变了对她的看法”。选项D（他对女性的感受改变了）正确。 25.主旨大意题（标题归纳） 全文核心是作者通过“镜中对女性的误判”（以为她生气、不可理喻），最终发现她心怀感激，从而领悟“不应以貌取人”。标题需体现“误判”与“镜像”的关键元素。选项C（Misjudgment in the Mirror，镜中的误判）最贴合主旨。其他选项：A（难以置信的行为）、B（难忘的经历）、D（收费站的付费）均未突出“误判”这一核心。 三、短文填空: 本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last summer, I (26)______ (participate) in a community service program organized by my school. When I (27)______ (arrive) at the village, I (28)______ (realize) that most of the local children lacked access to educational resources.​ During the first week, I (29)______ (help) set up a temporary library in the community center. The villagers, who (30)______ (struggle) to afford books, were extremely grateful. Every evening, we (31)______ (gather) under the stars to share stories and teach basic English. Despite the language barrier, I (32)______ (connect) with them through gestures and drawings. By the end of the program, I (33)______ (organize) a small donation drive and collected over 200 books. The headmaster (34)______ (announce) that our efforts had inspired the village to establish a permanent library. Reflecting on this experience, I (35)______ (learn) that even small actions can create lasting change. 【参考答案与解析】： 26.participated -- 一般过去时 -- 时间状语“Last summer”（去年夏天）明确动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时。participate的过去式为participated。 27.arrived -- 一般过去时 -- “When I...at the village”描述过去到达村庄的动作，用一般过去时。arrive的过去式为arrived。 28.realized -- 一般过去时-- 到达村庄后“意识到”当地孩子缺乏教育资源，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时。realize的过去式为realized。 29.helped -- 一般过去时 --“During the first week”（在第一周期间）描述过去的具体动作，用一般过去时。help的过去式为helped。 30.were struggling -- 过去进行时 -- 定语从句“who...to afford books”修饰villagers，强调“村民当时正在努力买书”的持续状态（与主句“were grateful”同时发生），用过去进行时（was/were + 现在分词）。主语villagers为复数，故填were struggling。 31.gathered -- 一般过去时 --“Every evening”（每天晚上）描述过去一段时间的习惯性动作，用一般过去时。gather的过去式为gathered。 32.connected -- 一般过去时-- 描述过去通过手势和图画“与村民建立联系”的动作，用一般过去时。connect的过去式为connected。 33.had organized--过去完成时--时间状语“By the end of the program”（项目结束时）表示“过去的过去”，即“组织捐赠活动”在“项目结束”前已完成，用过去完成时（had + 过去分词）。organize的过去分词为organized，故填had organized。 34.announced -- 一般过去时--描述校长“宣布”努力成果的动作，发生在过去，用一般过去时。announce的过去式为announced。 35.learned -- 一般过去时（或现在完成时，此处以一般过去时为主）--“Reflecting on this experience”（反思这段经历）是现在分词作伴随状语，主句描述“从经历中学会”的感悟，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时。learn的过去式为learned。（若强调“至今仍明白”，也可用现在完成时have learned，但结合全文过去时语境，learned更自然。） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、省编复习指导及历年真题编写。本资料紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态，聚焦高频考点，精讲精练，共覆盖包括各类语法和题型的15个专题，助力考生高效复习。同时，为构建完整学习体系，每个专题均配套对应讲义和AB卷习题，满足多样化学习需求。 本专题是2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》的第6个专题，内容为动词时态和语态及主谓一致。 2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》 专题6 动词时态和语态及主谓一致（A卷·基础巩固） 考试时间：20分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共20小题；每小题4分，满分 80分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1. —Did you see Tom yesterday? —Yes, he _______ his bike when I met him. A. repaired B. was repairing C. has repaired D. had repaired 2.The new bridge _______ next month will shorten the travel time. A. builds B. is built C. will be built D. has been built 3.Neither the students nor the teacher _______ how to solve the problem yet. A. knows B. know C. has known D. are knowing 4.If it _______ tomorrow, we _______ the sports meeting. A. rains; will cancel B. will rain; cancel C. rained; would cancel D. is raining; are canceling 5.By the time I arrived, they _______ the project for two weeks. A. worked on B. have worked on C. had been working on D. were working on 6.—What were you doing at 9 p.m. last night? —I _______ an email to my friend. A. Write B. wrote C. was writing D. have written 7.The injured soldiers _______ to the hospital by helicopter immediately. A. sent B. were sent C. have sent D. will send 8.There _______ a desk, two chairs, and three books in the room. A. is B. are C. was D. were 9.Three fifths of the land in the village _______ covered with trees. A. is B. are C. has D. have 10.The famous singer, along with her band, _______ a concert next Saturday. A. gives B. give C. is giving D. are giving 11.The old photos _______ me of my childhood in the countryside. A. remind B. reminds C. reminded D. are reminding 12.—Must I finish the report today? —No, you _______. You can submit it tomorrow. A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. shouldn’t 13.By the end of last term, we _______ all the textbooks. A. read B. had read C. have read D. were reading 14.The window _______ by Tom yesterday. A. breaks B. broke C. was broken D. is broken 15.It is said that the new policy _______ next year. A. implements B. will implement C. is implemented D. will be implemented 16.Not only the students but also the teacher _______ the book. A. reads B. read C. is reading D. are reading 17.The teacher asked us if we _______ the experiment by last Friday. A. finish B. finished C. will finish D. had finished 18.The number of students in our school _______ increasing every year. A. is B. are C. has D. have 19.Everyone in the class _______ the importance of recycling. A. understand B. understands C. understood D. understanding 20.—Where is your father? —He _______ his car in the garage. A. repairs B. repaired C. is repairing D. has repaired 二、阅读理解（阅读下列短文，短文后面有五个小题，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。未选、错选或多选均不得分。共5小题，每小题2分, 满分10分。） Two years ago, I was sitting in my car waiting in a long line for a tollifT) station.When I finally reached the station, the toll station worker told me that the person in front had paid for me and I was free to go. I was so shocked. I didn't need to save the 5 dollars. I would never know who he was. I was tired by the heavy traffic and the long line, and that behavior was surprising and unbelievable, which really touched my heart. So I decided to pay for the next car waiting in line. The first time I tried to pay forward the toll, kept looking into my rearview mirror to see who I'd be paying for. In the mirror, I saw a tired looking tax driver. And 1 telt satistied that my money would be going to a good place. But before we got to the toll station, the taxi driver had suddenly changed his way and now there was someone else behind me. She looked upset and was gesturing(举止) angrily in a conversation with her friend. I wasn't willing to be paying for a woman like that and was certainly judging her by what I was seeing in the mirror.But anyway, I paid the toll for both of us and left. Thirty seconds later I was surprised to hear a honk (汽车的喇叭声). It was the woman and her friend waving at me from the other way! She looked cheerful and happy. She wasn't what I thought she was like. This was a valuable lesson that I shouldn't judge people so quickly..After all, I don't know their stories. 21.Who paid for the author? A. A caring stranger. C. A disappointed woman. B. A close friend. D. A toll station worker. 22.Why did the author pay forward the toll? A. Because he didn't need to save the money. B. Because he wanted to pass on the kindness. C. Because he was satisfied with the taxi driver. D. Because he made a mistake because of the tiredness. 23. How many vehicles did the author pay for? A. 0. B. 1. C. 2. D. 3. 24. What do we know about the author from the passage? A. He disliked the woman. B. He helped the taxi driver. C. He gladly paid for the woman. D. He changed his feelings towards the woman. 25. What's possibly the best title for the passage? A. An Unbelievable Behavior B. An Unforgettable Experience C. Misjudgment in the Mirror D. Payment at the Toll Station 三、短文填空: 本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last summer, I (26)______ (participate) in a community service program organized by my school. When I (27)______ (arrive) at the village, I (28)______ (realize) that most of the local children lacked access to educational resources.​ During the first week, I (29)______ (help) set up a temporary library in the community center. The villagers, who (30)______ (struggle) to afford books, were extremely grateful. Every evening, we (31)______ (gather) under the stars to share stories and teach basic English. Despite the language barrier, I (32)______ (connect) with them through gestures and drawings. By the end of the program, I (33)______ (organize) a small donation drive and collected over 200 books. The headmaster (34)______ (announce) that our efforts had inspired the village to establish a permanent library. Reflecting on this experience, I (35)______ (learn) that even small actions can create lasting change. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $