专题4 动词和动词短语、介词和介词短语（A卷·基础巩固）-2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、省编复习指导及历年真题编写。本资料紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态，聚焦高频考点，精讲精练，共覆盖包括各类语法和题型的15个专题，助力考生高效复习。同时，为构建完整学习体系，每个专题均配套对应讲义和AB卷习题，满足多样化学习需求。 本专题是2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》的第4个专题，内容为动词和动词短语、介词和介词短语。 2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》 专题4 动词和动词短语、介词和介词短语（A卷·基础巩固） 考试时间：20分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共20小题；每小题4分，满分 80分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1.—I ______ the new software last week, and it works well now. —Great！When ______ you ______ it? A. bought; did; buy B. have bought; have; bought C. buy; do; buy D. had bought; had; bought 2.By the end of last month, the students ______ over 2000 English words. A. have learned B. had learned C. Learned D. will have learned 3. A new community center ______ in our neighborhood next year. A. Builds B. will build C. is built D. will be built 4. Look！The new bridge ______ by workers, so we have to take another road. A. repairs B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired 5.—Did you see the movie yesterday? —Yes, but I ______ it before. I ______ it last month. A. saw; saw B. had seen; saw C. have seen; have seen D. saw; have seen 6.The windows ______ every evening to keep the classroom clean. A. must clean B. must be cleaned C. can clean D. can be cleaning 7.We ______ the meeting because of the heavy rain. A. put off B. gave up C. turned on D. set up 8.His hard work ______ finally—he got the first prize in the competition. A. paid off B. took off C. turned off D. broke off 9.—I haven’t seen you for ages！ —I ______ Beijing on business, and I’ll ______ next week. A. have gone to; come back B. have been to; return C. have gone to; return D. have been in; come back 10.Please ______ the lights when you leave the classroom. A. turn off B. take off C. put off D. go off 11.I can’t ______ my pen. Have you seen it? A. look for B. find C. find out D. look up 12.The tourists ______ the hotel early in the morning and headed to the Great Wall. A. checked in B. checked out C. got up D. woke up 13.You should ______ your health and exercise regularly. A. take care of B. take off C. take in D. take up 14.The teacher asked us to ______ the new words in the dictionary. A. look up B. look for C. look after D. look at 15.We usually have a meeting ______ 9:00 ______ the morning. A. at; in B. in; on C. on; at D. at; on 16.There is a post office ______ the bank and the supermarket. A. between B. among C. in D. on 17.He was late ______ the heavy traffic. A. because B. because of C. since D. as 18.We can learn a lot ______ reading books. A. By B. with C. in D. on 19.The answer ______ the question is very important. A. of B. to C. for D. about 20.He saved money ______ buy a new bike. A. in order to B. because of C. thanks to D. instead of 二、阅读理解（阅读下列短文，短文后面有五个小题，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。未选、错选或多选均不得分。共5小题，每小题2分, 满分10分。） Next Saturday is Kevin's 15th birthday. Let's have a birthday party for him. Date: Saturday, October 6 Time: 4:30 pm Place: Kevin's home If you can come, please call me at 021- 81569238 before October 1. Kevin is very friendly and plans some great games for us. He is as old as me. And it is my birthday the next day, so we can have some fun these two days at Kevin's home. Yours, Jim 21. It is a(n)_________. A. birthday card C. letter to Jim B. letter from Kevin D. invitation 22.How old is Jim now? A. 16. C. 14. B. 15. D. 13. 23. When is Jim's birthday? A. On October 1 B. On October 5 C. On October 6 D. On October 7 24. If you want to come to the party, you should A. call Kevin B. call 021 - 81569238 C. visit Kevin D. write an email to Jim 25. Which of the following is NOT true? A. Jim's birthday party is at Jim's home. B. Kevin's friends can play games at the birthday party. C. If you want to come to the party, you should call five days before it. D. Kevin's birthday begins at 4: 30 on Saturday afternoon. 三、短文填空: 本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last summer, I (26)______ (take) part in a volunteer program in a small village. When I (27)______ (arrive) there, I (28)______ (be) a little nervous because it was my first time to work in the countryside. The first day, I (29)______ (help) the villagers plant vegetables in the fields. It was hard work, but everyone (30)______ (work) together, so we finished it quickly. In the evening, we (31)______ (sit) around a fire and shared stories. The villagers told me about their lives, and I (32)______ (learn) a lot about their culture. The next week, I (33)______ (be) responsible for teaching the children English. They (34)______ (be) very excited to see me and (35)______ (listen) to me carefully. Seeing their progress, I felt really proud. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、省编复习指导及历年真题编写。本资料紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态，聚焦高频考点，精讲精练，共覆盖包括各类语法和题型的15个专题，助力考生高效复习。同时，为构建完整学习体系，每个专题均配套对应讲义和AB卷习题，满足多样化学习需求。 本专题是2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》的第4个专题，内容为动词和动词短语、介词和介词短语。 2026版山东省（春季高考）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》 专题4 动词和动词短语、介词和介词短语（A卷·基础巩固） 考试时间：20分钟 满分：100分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 一、单项选择（共20小题；每小题4分，满分 80分） 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1.—I ______ the new software last week, and it works well now. —Great！When ______ you ______ it? A. bought; did; buy B. have bought; have; bought C. buy; do; buy D. had bought; had; bought 【答案】A​ 【解析】第一空时间状语 last week（上周）→ 一般过去时，动词用过去式 bought；第二空 When...?询问过去具体动作，也用一般过去时 did...buy。 2.By the end of last month, the students ______ over 2000 English words. A. have learned B. had learned C. Learned D. will have learned 【答案】B​ 【解析】by the end of last month（到上个月底为止）→ 过去完成时（had + 过去分词），表示“到过去某个时间点之前已完成的动作”，故选 had learned。 3. A new community center ______ in our neighborhood next year. A. Builds B. will build C. is built D. will be built 【答案】D​ 【解析】：next year（明年）→ 一般将来时；主语 a new community center（社区中心）是 build（建造）的承受者 → 被动语态 will be built（将被建造）。 4. Look！The new bridge ______ by workers, so we have to take another road. A. repairs B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired 【答案】C​ 【解析】：Look!（看！）提示现在进行时；主语 the new bridge（新桥）是 repair（修理）的承受者 → 现在进行时被动语态 is being repaired（正在被修理），因此需绕路。 5.—Did you see the movie yesterday? —Yes, but I ______ it before. I ______ it last month. A. saw; saw B. had seen; saw C. have seen; have seen D. saw; have seen 【答案】B​ 【解析】：yesterday（昨天）→ 一般过去时，第一空 I...it before（我之前看过）强调“过去的过去” → 过去完成时 had seen；第二空 last month（上个月）→ 一般过去时 saw。 6.The windows ______ every evening to keep the classroom clean. A. must clean B. must be cleaned C. can clean D. can be cleaning 【答案】B​ 【解析】：主语 the windows（窗户）是 clean（打扫）的承受者 → 被动语态；must（必须）是情态动词，被动结构为 must be + 过去分词→ must be cleaned（必须被擦）。 7.We ______ the meeting because of the heavy rain. A. put off B. gave up C. turned on D. set up 【答案】A​ 【解析】：because of the heavy rain（因为大雨）→ 会议被推迟；put off（推迟），gave up（放弃），turned on（打开），set up（建立）→ 选 put off。 8.His hard work ______ finally—he got the first prize in the competition. A. paid off B. took off C. turned off D. broke off 【答案】A​ 【解析】：finally（最终）→ 努力有了回报；paid off（得到回报/成功），took off（起飞/突然流行），turned off（关闭），broke off（中断）→ 选 paid off。 9.—I haven’t seen you for ages！ —I ______ Beijing on business, and I’ll ______ next week. A. have gone to; come back B. have been to; return C. have gone to; return D. have been in; come back 【答案】C​ 【解析】：I haven’t seen you for ages!（很久没见！）→ 回应是“去外地出差未回”；have gone to（去了未回）→ I have gone to Beijing（我去北京出差了）；I’ll return next week（我下周回来）；have been to（去过已回），have been in（在某地待了一段时间）均不符合语境。 10.Please ______ the lights when you leave the classroom. A. turn off B. take off C. put off D. go off 【答案】A​ 【解析】：when you leave the classroom（离开教室时）→ 要求关灯；turn off（关闭电器），take off（脱下/起飞），put off（推迟），go off（爆炸/铃响）→ 选 turn off。 11.I can’t ______ my pen. Have you seen it? A. look for B. find C. find out D. look up 【答案】B​ 【解析】：I can’t...my pen（我找不到我的钢笔了）→ 强调“找不到的结果”；find（找到，强调结果），look for（寻找，强调过程），find out（查明真相），look up（查阅）→ 选 find。 12.The tourists ______ the hotel early in the morning and headed to the Great Wall. A. checked in B. checked out C. got up D. woke up 【答案】B​ 【解析】：headed to the Great Wall（前往长城）→ 之前动作是“退房”；checked out（退房），checked in（入住），got up（起床），woke up（醒来）→ 选 checked out。 13.You should ______ your health and exercise regularly. A. take care of B. take off C. take in D. take up 【答案】A​ 【解析】：should（应该）后接动词原形；take care of（照顾/关注健康），take off（脱下/起飞），take in（吸收/欺骗），take up（开始从事）→ 选 take care of。 14.The teacher asked us to ______ the new words in the dictionary. A. look up B. look for C. look after D. look at 【答案】A​ 【解析】：the new words in the dictionary（在字典里查新单词）→ 固定搭配 look up（查阅）；look for（寻找），look after（照顾），look at（看）→ 选 look up。 15.We usually have a meeting ______ 9:00 ______ the morning. A. at; in B. in; on C. on; at D. at; on 【答案】A​ 【解析】：具体时刻 9:00→ at；泛指上午 → in the morning→ at 9:00 in the morning（上午9点）。 16.There is a post office ______ the bank and the supermarket. A. between B. among C. in D. on 【答案】A​ 【解析】：between...and...（在……和……之间）→ 两者之间（银行和超市）；among（在三者或以上之中）→ 选 between。 17.He was late ______ the heavy traffic. A. because B. because of C. since D. as 【答案】B​ 【解析】：because of（因为，后接名词/短语）→ the heavy traffic（交通拥堵）是名词短语；because（因为，后接句子）→ 选 because of。 18.We can learn a lot ______ reading books. A. By B. with C. in D. on 【答案】A​ 【解析】：by（通过某种方式）→ by reading books（通过读书）；with（用具体工具），in（用语言/材料），on（在……上）→ 选 by。 19.The answer ______ the question is very important. A. of B. to C. for D. about 【答案】B​ 【解析】：the answer to the question（问题的答案）→ 固定搭配；of（……的，不用于此结构），for（为了），about（关于）→ 选 to。 20.He saved money ______ buy a new bike. A. in order to B. because of C. thanks to D. instead of 【答案】A​ 【解析】：in order to（为了，表目的）→ He saved money in order to buy a new bike（他存钱是为了买新自行车）；because of（因为），thanks to（多亏），instead of（代替）→ 选 in order to。 二、阅读理解（阅读下列短文，短文后面有五个小题，从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。未选、错选或多选均不得分。共5小题，每小题2分, 满分10分。） Next Saturday is Kevin's 15th birthday. Let's have a birthday party for him. Date: Saturday, October 6 Time: 4:30 pm Place: Kevin's home If you can come, please call me at 021- 81569238 before October 1. Kevin is very friendly and plans some great games for us. He is as old as me. And it is my birthday the next day, so we can have some fun these two days at Kevin's home. Yours, Jim 21. It is a(n)_________. A. birthday card C. letter to Jim B. letter from Kevin D. invitation 22.How old is Jim now? A. 16. C. 14. B. 15. D. 13. 23. When is Jim's birthday? A. On October 1 B. On October 5 C. On October 6 D. On October 7 24. If you want to come to the party, you should A. call Kevin B. call 021 - 81569238 C. visit Kevin D. write an email to Jim 25. Which of the following is NOT true? A. Jim's birthday party is at Jim's home. B. Kevin's friends can play games at the birthday party. C. If you want to come to the party, you should call five days before it. D. Kevin's birthday begins at 4: 30 on Saturday afternoon. 【答案】21. D；22. C；23. D；24. B；25. C 【导语】本文是一篇邀请函，Jim邀请对方参加Kevin的15岁生日派对，介绍了派对的时间、地点等信息，并提醒对方若能来需在10月1日前打电话。 【解析】 21. 文本是Jim写给收信人的信件，内容围绕Kevin的生日派对展开，包含派对时间（10月6日下午4:30）、地点（Kevin家）、联系方式（10月1日前拨打021 - 81569238），目的是邀请对方参加派对，属于邀请函，故选D。 22. 文中明确提到“Next Saturday is Kevin's 15th birthday”且“He is as old as me. And it is my birthday the next day”，即Kevin15岁，Jim和Kevin同龄，而Jim的生日是Kevin生日（10月6日）的后一天（10月7日），所以Jim现在是14岁，故选C。 23. 根据“I haven't seen you for ages!”以及“I Beijing on business, and I’ll next week.”可知，回答者表示自己去了北京且未回来，下周才回来，have gone to表示“去了未回”，符合语境；“Kevin's birthday begins at 4:30 on Saturday afternoon”与原文信息一致，故选D。 24. 原文明确说明“If you can come, please call me at 021 - 81569238 before October 1”，即若想参加派对，需要拨打021 - 81569238，故选B。 25. A选项，原文提到“Jim's birthday party is at Jim's home”，与“Jim's birthday party is at Jim's home”表述一致；B选项，“Kevin's friends can play games at the birthday party”与“Kevin is very friendly and plans some great games for us”相符；D选项，“Kevin's birthday begins at 4:30 on Saturday afternoon”与原文时间信息一致；而C选项，原文仅说“call me at 021 - 81569238 before October 1”（10月1日前拨打），并非“必须提前5天”，表述过于绝对，故选C。 三、短文填空: 本题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last summer, I (26)______ (take) part in a volunteer program in a small village. When I (27)______ (arrive) there, I (28)______ (be) a little nervous because it was my first time to work in the countryside. The first day, I (29)______ (help) the villagers plant vegetables in the fields. It was hard work, but everyone (30)______ (work) together, so we finished it quickly. In the evening, we (31)______ (sit) around a fire and shared stories. The villagers told me about their lives, and I (32)______ (learn) a lot about their culture. The next week, I (33)______ (be) responsible for teaching the children English. They (34)______ (be) very excited to see me and (35)______ (listen) to me carefully. Seeing their progress, I felt really proud. 【参考答案与解析】： 26.【答案】took - 【考查内容】动词时态（一般过去时） - Last summer（去年夏天）→ 一般过去时，动词用过去式 took（参加）。 27.【答案】arrived - 【考查内容】动词时态（一般过去时） - When I...there（当我到达那里时）与 Last summer时态一致 → 一般过去时 arrived。 28.【答案】was - 【考查内容】动词时态（一般过去时） - I...a little nervous（我有点紧张）→ 一般过去时，主语 I→ was。 29.【答案】helped - 【考查内容】动词时态（一般过去时） - The first day（第一天）→ 一般过去时，动词用过去式 helped（帮助）。 30.【答案】worked - 【考查内容】动词时态（一般过去时） - but everyone...together（但大家一起工作）→ 一般过去时，主语 everyone→ worked。 31.【答案】sat - 【考查内容】动词时态（一般过去时） - In the evening（晚上）→ 一般过去时，动词用过去式 sat（坐）。 32.【答案】learned/learnt - 【考查内容】动词时态（一般过去时） - I...a lot about their culture（我了解了很多他们的文化）→ 一般过去时，learn的过去式为 learned/learnt。 33.【答案】was - 【考查内容】动词时态（一般过去时） - The next week（接下来的一周）→ 一般过去时，主语 I→ was。 34.【答案】were - 【考查内容】动词时态（一般过去时） - They...very excited（他们很兴奋）→ 一般过去时，主语 They→ were。 35.【答案】listened - 【考查内容】动词时态（一般过去时） - and...to me carefully（并认真听我讲）→ 一般过去时，与 were并列 → listened。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $