Unit 1教材原文助读2-（配套教参）【学霸笔记·同步精讲 教材助读 语基默写】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（外研版）

本高中英语讲义以诗歌《未选择的路》为核心，系统梳理核心词汇（含熟词生义如fair“美丽的”、line“诗行”）、关键短语（如as for“至于”、lead on to“促成”）及语法点（宾语从句、过去分词作定语），结合诗歌原文与译文对照，搭建从语言学习到主题理解的学习支架。 资料特色在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过词汇注释、语法解析助力语言理解，结合诗歌象征意义（道路象征人生选择）引导学生分析选择与后果的关系，提升逻辑推断能力。文化采风介绍诗人背景，增强文化意识。课中辅助教师开展文本解读，课后帮助学生巩固词汇、深化主题认知，弥补理解盲点。

Unit 1教材原文助读2 ①diverge [daI'vɜːdʒ] v．(两条路)岔开，分开 ②undergrowth ['ʌndəɡrəʊθ] n. (长在大树下或周边的)下木层，下层灌木丛 ③fair adj.[熟词生义] 美丽的 ④grassy ['ɡrɑːsi] adj.长满草的，被草覆盖的 ⑥as for至于，关于 ⑦tread [tred] vt.& vi.踩，踏；行走；步行 ⑧lead on to促使；促成 ⑨sigh [saI] n．& vi.叹息，叹气 ⑩ages and ages hence很久以后 hence [hens] adv.因此，由此 ...days/weeks, etc. hence(从现在开始)……天/星期等之后 ⑪make all the difference迥然不同 ⑫line n. [熟词生义] 诗行；歌词 ⑬quote [kwəʊt] vt.& vi. 引用，引述 n．[C] 引语 quotation n．[C] 引语 ⑭be set to music被谱曲/配乐 set vt. [熟词生义] 为……谱曲；给……配乐　 ⑮numerous ['njuːm(ə)rəs] adj.许多的，很多的 ⑯commercial [kə'mɜːʃ(ə)l] n. (电视或电台的)商业广告 adj.商业的，贸易的 ⑰of all time有史以来；一直 ⑱thoughtful ['θɔːtf(ə)l] adj. 认真思考的，深思的 ⑲insight ['InsaIt] n．[C，U] 洞悉，了解；[U] 洞察力，领悟 insight into对……的深刻理解；洞察 human nature人性 cannot help but do sth.＝can't help doing sth.禁不住(或无法抑制)做某事，不可能避免做某事 symbolize ['sImbəlaIz] v.象征，代表 symbolism n．象征主义 progress['prəʊɡres]vt.进展；进步 alternative [ɔːl'tɜːnətIv] n．可供选择的事物 adj.可供选择的 have no alternative but to do sth.别无选择只能做某事 on a daily basis每天 range from...to...范围从……到……变动 dilemma [dI'lemə] n．进退两难的境地，困境 face a dilemma面临进退两难的困境 be in a dilemma处于进退两难的境地 arise [ə'raIz] v．(由……)引起 arise from产生于；起因于 The Road Not Taken Two roads diverged① in a yellow wood， And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler, long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To [1]where it bent in the undergrowth②； Then took the other, as just as fair③， And having perhaps the better claim， Because it was grassy④ and wanted wear⑤； Though as for⑥ that, the passing there Had worn them really about the same， And both that morning equally lay Oh, I kept the first for another day! Yet knowing how way leads on to⑧ way， I doubted if I should ever come back. I shall be telling this with a sigh⑨ Somewhere ages and ages hence⑩： Two roads diverged in a wood, and I— I took the one [2]less traveled by， And that has made all the difference⑪． [1]此处为where引导的宾语从句。 [2]此处为过去分词短语作后置定语，相当于which was less traveled by。 Lines⑫ from the poem The Road Not Taken are often quoted⑬ in speeches of all kinds. The poem has been set to music⑭ by a number of artists and used in numerous⑮ television commercials⑯. It has in fact become one of the most famous American poems of all time⑰， not only because of its natural style, but also because of its thoughtful⑱ insights⑲ into human nature⑳． [3]When reading The Road Not Taken, one cannot help but see in one's mind images of a peaceful wood deep within the countryside. Paths in the woods are often used to symbolize how our lives progress and change. The lines “Two roads diverged in a yellow wood，/And sorry I could not travel both” give us a visual representation of the choices that we face and the decisions that we need to make. Life throws many alternatives at us on a daily basis. These range from the basic “What should I wear today？” to the key issues of [4]what subject to study at university or what job to do after graduation. [5]Of course, the greatest dilemmas arise from moral problems ，when we are uncertain which choice results in doing the right thing. [3]此处为时间状语从句的省略。“连词＋现在分词短语”作状语，相当于时间状语从句。 [4]此处为or连接的两个并列的“what＋动词不定式”结构作宾语。 [5]本句是主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句，其中包含which引导的宾语从句。 [6]Whether big or small, what all our choices have in common is that they lead to specific consequences. Once we make a decision, in most circumstances, there is no going back. [7]Although the writer of the poem considers taking the other path another day, he knows it's unlikely that he will ever have the opportunity to do so. Like the writer, [8]all we can do is look backwards “with a sigh” and imagine what could have been． 未选择的路 黄色的树林里分出两条路， 可惜我不能同时去涉足， 我在那路口久久伫立， 我向着一条路极目望去， 直到它消失在丛林深处； 但我选了另外一条路， 它荒草萋萋，十分幽寂， 显得更诱人，更美丽； 虽然在这条小路上， 很少留下旅人的足迹。 那天清晨落叶满地， 两条路都未经脚印污染。 啊，留下一条路等改日再见！ 但我知道路径延绵无尽头， 恐怕我难以再回返。 也许多少年后在某个地方， 我将轻声叹息将往事回首： 一片树林里分出两条路—— 而我选择了人迹罕至的一条， 从此决定了我一生的道路。 《未选择的路》这首诗中的诗句常常在各种演讲中被引用。许多艺术家为这首诗谱了曲，它还被运用于大量的电视广告之中。事实上，它已经成为美国历史上最著名的诗歌之一，这不仅是因为其自然的风格，还因为其对人性的深刻洞悉。 阅读《未选择的路》时，人们脑海中总会不禁浮现出乡村深处一片静谧的树林。林间小路往往被用来象征我们人生中的进步和变化。“黄色的树林里分出两条路，可惜我不能同时去涉足”这两句诗生动地展现了我们面临的选择以及需要做出的决定。生活每天都会向我们抛出很多选择。从“我今天应该穿什么”这样的小问题，到大学应该学什么专业或者毕业后应该做什么工作这样重大的问题。当然，当我们不确定哪个选择才是正确的时候，最大的困境往往源于道德问题。 moral problems道德问题 have...in common有相同的特征(或特点等) have much/a lot/a great deal in common (with...)　(与……)有很多共同之处 have nothing/little in common (with...)　(与……)没有/几乎没有共同之处 consequence ['kɒnsIkwəns] n. 结果，后果 as a consequence＝as a result因此，结果 in consequence of＝as a result of由于 in most circumstances在大多数情况下　 circumstance ['sɜːkəmstæns] n．情况，情形 understandable [ˌʌndə'stændəbl] adj.可以理解的 turn down拒绝 mixture ['mIkstʃə] n．混合；混合体 a mixture of choice and chance选择和机会的交织 look back on回首(往事)；回忆；回顾 nonetheless [ˌnʌnðə'les] adv.尽管如此；然而 make the most of＝make full use of充分利用 with regret遗憾地 optimism ['ɒptImIzəm] n. 乐观；乐观主义 optimistic adj.乐观的，乐观主义的 【文化采风】 《未选择的路》是美国著名诗人罗伯特·弗罗斯特创作的文学作品。罗伯特·弗罗斯特堪称美国20世纪90年代最受欢迎的诗人之一，是美国非官方的桂冠诗人。他一生致力于诗歌的创作，主要写作并出版了10部诗集，这一首诗是其第三部诗集《山的间隔》中的名篇。,[6]句中Whether big or small作状语，相当于Whether our choices are big or small；what引导主语从句，并在从句中作have的宾语；that引导表语从句。 [7]本句是主从复合句。句中Although引导让步状语从句；主句中包含“it's unlikely that...”句型，意为“不太可能……”，it作形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语。 [8]此处是主系表结构，表语是由and连接的两个省略to的动词不定式短语；主语all后跟的定语从句中含有动词do，因此表语中的动词不定式符号to可省略；what引导宾语从句，作imagine的宾语。 This sigh, this wondering [9]whether we made the right choice, is understandable. [10]Although we may be free to choose which path to take, this choice isn't easy when those two paths look similar. [11]Presented with two job offers, for instance, we may wonder exactly what it is we're choosing between. What if, in choosing one, we are unknowingly turning down other future opportunities? Will we ever even find out whether we made the right choice? [9]此处为whether引导的宾语从句。 [10]本句是主从复合句。句中Although引导让步状语从句；when引导时间状语从句。 [11]句中过去分词短语Presented with two job offers作状语；what引导宾语从句。 Ultimately, the road ahead—the road through our lives—is a mixture of choice and chance. And when we are approaching the end of that road, how will we remember the journey? How will we look back on our lives? In the poem, the writer doubts his choice, [12]thinking that in the future “ages and ages hence”， he may claim that he took the “less traveled” road. [13]Some of us do take a more unusual path through life, and while it may be a harder one to follow, it can also lead to new adventures and experiences. Nonetheless, part of the art of decision-making is learning to make the most of our decisions. Instead of looking back with regret, we should be facing our future with energy and optimism, for the choices are ours, and ours only. [12]此处为现在分词短语作伴随状语，其中第一个that引导宾语从句，作thinking的宾语，第二个that引导宾语从句，作claim的宾语。 [13]本句是and连接的并列复合句，第二个分句中包含while引导的让步状语从句。 　　无论我们的选择是大是小，它们都有一个共同点，那就是它们都会带来某种结果。一旦我们做出决定，在大多数情况下，就不会再回头了。虽然这首诗的作者考虑改天再探索另一条路，但是他也知道获得这种机会的可能性微乎其微。就像作者一样，我们能做的就是在回首往事时“轻声叹息”，想象可能会发生什么。 　　一声叹息，我们对是否做出了正确选择的顾虑，是可以理解的。虽然我们可以自由地选择走哪条路，但是当两条路看起来大同小异时，做出选择其实不容易。比如当我们同时面对两个工作机会时，我们可能会思索我们到底是在什么当中选择。 如果我们选择了一份工作，而在不知不觉中放弃了其他未来的机会，那该怎么办？我们又能否发现自己是否做出了正确的选择呢？ 　　最后，前方的路——我们的人生之路——其实是由选择和机会交织而成的。当我们即将走到这条路的尽头时，我们会如何铭记这段旅程呢？我们会如何回顾自己的一生呢？在这首诗中，作者质疑了自己的选择，认为在“多年之后”的未来，他可能会承认自己选择了另一条“人迹罕至”的路。我们中的一些人确实会在生活中选择一条更不同寻常的路，虽然路途更加艰难，但它也会带来新的奇遇和经历。尽管如此，决策的艺术的一部分就在于学会充分利用我们的决定。我们应该充满活力而乐观地面对未来，而非带着遗憾回顾过去，因为选择在于我们自己，而且它们只属于我们自己。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $