Unit 5 Here and Now（知识清单）2025-2026学年人教版英语七年级下册

Unit 5 Here and Now(知识清单) 英语人教版 七年级下册 01 单元核心定位 单元核心 主题范畴:人与自我;人与社会 核心问题:What brings people together?(是什么让人们聚在一起?) 价值引领句:Living in a global village, we should think like a global citizen.(生活在地球村,我们应该像世界公民一样思考。) 学习目标 1. 能运用现在进行时谈论正在发生的事情,掌握其构成和基本用法; 2. 学会打电话和接听电话的常用表达,能完成邀请、捎口信等相关对话; 3. 掌握元音字母u在重读音节中的发音规则,理解句子重音; 4. 了解时区和时差,知晓不同国家和地区的风土人情,提升跨文化交际能力; 5. 能撰写描述正在发生事情的短文(如视频脚本、公寓场景描述),做到语句通顺、语法正确。 02 核心词汇体系 名词 类别 单词/短语 音标 中文释义 核心拓展(复数/词缀/易混) 记忆方法 节日与活动 festival /'fest vl/ n. 节日 复数:festivals;短语:Dragon Boat Festival(端午节)、traditional festival(传统节日) 发音联想:“费斯特沃”,结合节日场景记忆,复数直接加-s race /re s/ n. 比赛;竞赛 复数:races;短语:dragon boat race(龙舟赛)、running race(跑步比赛) 形近词联想:race与rice(米饭),竞赛(race)需要体力,米饭(rice)提供能量,复数加-s message /'mes d / n. 消息;信息 复数:messages;短语:take a message(捎口信)、leave a message(留口信)、call back(回电话) 词缀记忆:mess(混乱)+ -age(名词后缀),整理混乱的内容即消息,复数加-s dragon /'dr n/ n. 龙 复数:dragons;短语:dragon boat(龙舟) 文化联想:中国传统文化中的龙,复数加-s,记“dragon boats 龙舟” 地点与场所 market /'m :k t/ n. 市场 复数:markets;短语:in the market(在市场里)、shopping market(购物市场) 发音联想:“马克特”,结合市场购物场景记忆,复数加-s subway /'s bwe / n. 地铁 复数:subways;短语:take the subway(乘地铁)、rush to the subway(赶地铁) 合成词记忆:sub-(地下)+ way(道路),地下的道路即地铁,复数加-s zone /z n/ n. 地区;地带;区域 复数:zones;短语:time zone(时区)、central zone(中心区域) 形近词联想:zone与phone(电话),不同区域(zone)用电话(phone)沟通,复数加-s 其他核心 moment /'m m nt/ n. 某个时刻;片刻;瞬间 复数:moments;短语:at the moment(现在;此刻)、wait a moment(等一下) 发音联想:“谋门特”,记“片刻(moment)即一瞬间”,复数加-s sight /sa t/ n. 名胜;风景;视力 复数:sights(名胜);短语:all the sights(所有景点)、lose one's sight(失明) 多义记忆:“视力”是基础义,“名胜”常用复数,记“游览名胜(sights)需要好视力(sight)” passenger /'p s nd (r)/ n. 乘客 复数:passengers;短语:pick up passengers(接乘客)、drop off passengers(送乘客) 词缀记忆:pass(通过)+ -enger(表人),通过车站的人即乘客,复数加-s exam / 'z m/ n. 考试 复数:exams;短语:prepare for an exam(为考试做准备)、take an exam(参加考试) 缩写记忆:= examination,记“exam 是 examinatio 的缩写”,复数加-s 动词 单词/短语 音标 中文释义 核心搭配 易混辨析 hold /h ld/ v. 拿着;抓住;容纳;举行 hold on(别挂断电话)、hold a meeting(举行会议)、hold sb.'s hand(抓住某人的手) hold(抓住、举行)vs catch(接住、抓住),例:hold a bag(拿包)vs catch a ball(接球) kick /k k/ v. 踢;踹 kick a ball(踢球)、kick a goal(射门得分) 形近词联想:kick与pick(捡),踢(kick)球和捡(pick)球都是球类动作 happen /'h p n/ v. 发生;碰巧 happen to sb.(某人遇到某事)、happen to do sth.(碰巧做某事) 不及物动词,不能直接接宾语,例:A car accident happened(发生了车祸),不能说happen a car accident drive /dra v/ v. 开车;驾驶;迫使 drive to work(开车去上班)、drive sb. to do sth.(迫使某人做某事) 过去式/过去分词:drove/driven;易混:drive(驾驶)vs ride(骑),例:drive a car(开车)vs ride a bike(骑自行车) explain / k'sple n/ v. 解释;说明 explain sth. to sb.(向某人解释某事)、explain why...(解释为什么……) 后接介词to,不可直接接双宾语,例:explain the rule to me(向我解释规则),不能说explain me the rule skate /ske t/ v. 滑冰 go skating(去滑冰)、skate on the ice(在冰上滑冰) 派生词:skateboarding(滑板运动),记“skate 是滑冰,skateboarding 是滑板” tour /t (r)/ v.&n. 旅行;旅游 tour around the world(环游世界)、a tour of China(中国之旅) 派生词:tourist(游客)、tourism(旅游业),记“tour 是旅行,tourist 是旅行者” rush /r / v.&n. 冲;奔 rush to do sth.(急着做某事)、in a rush(匆忙)、rush hour(交通高峰期) 动词义“冲”,名词义“匆忙”,例:rush to school(匆忙去学校)、be in a rush(很匆忙) drop /dr p/ v. 把……送至;落下 drop off(送某人下车)、drop sth. on the floor(把某物掉在地上) 形近词:drop与stop(停止),drop(落下)是意外,stop(停止)是主动动作 take part in/te k p :t n/ v. 参加 take part in activities(参加活动)、take an active part in(积极参加) 区别于join(加入组织),例:take part in the race(参加比赛)vs join the club(加入俱乐部) 形容词 单词/短语 音标 中文释义 核心用法 易混辨析 online / n'la n/ adj. 在线的 作定语或表语,例:online class(在线课程)、study online(在线学习) 反义词:offline(未联网的),记“online 在线,offline 离线” bright /bra t/ adj. 鲜艳的;明亮的;聪明的 作定语或表语,例:bright colours(鲜艳的颜色)、bright light(明亮的灯光)、a bright student(聪明的学生) 派生词:brightly(副词,明亮地),记“bright 加-ly 变副词” colourful /'k l fl/ adj. 色彩鲜艳的 作定语,例:colourful clothes(色彩鲜艳的衣服)、colourful boats(彩色的船) 词缀记忆:colour(颜色)+ -ful(充满……的),充满颜色的即色彩鲜艳的 central /'sentr l/ adj. 中心的;中央的 作定语,例:central park(中央公园)、central city(市中心) 派生词:centre(名词,中心),记“centre 变形容词加-al” 副词 单词/短语 音标 中文释义 核心用法 易混辨析 forward /'f :w d/ adv. 向前 短语:look forward to(盼望)、step forward(向前走) 固定搭配 look forward to 后接名词/动名词,例:look forward to seeing you(盼望见到你) brightly /'bra tli/ adv. 明亮地 修饰动词,例:shine brightly(明亮地照耀)、smile brightly(灿烂地微笑) 形容词 bright + -ly 构成,记“形容词变副词的规则变化” slowly /'sl li/ adv. 缓慢地 修饰动词,例:move slowly(缓慢移动)、speak slowly(慢慢说) 形容词 slow + -ly 构成,区别于 slow(形容词),例:walk slowly(慢慢走)vs a slow walk(缓慢的步行) somewhere /'s mwe (r)/ adv. 在某处;到某处 用于肯定句,例:I've seen him somewhere before(我以前在某处见过他) 区别于 anywhere(任何地方,用于否定句/疑问句)、nowhere(无处) 代词 类别 单词/短语 音标 中文释义 核心拓展 记忆方法 不定代词 somebody /'s mb di/ pron. 某人;有人 相当于 someone;作主语时谓语用单数;形容词修饰后置,例:somebody important(重要人物) 合成词记忆:some(一些)+ body(人),某个人即 somebody,用于肯定句 anybody /'eni b di/ pron. 任何人 相当于 anyone;用于否定句/疑问句;形容词修饰后置,例:anybody else(其他人) someboday 对应 anybody,记“some 变 any 用于否定/疑问” 感叹词 单词 音标 中文释义 核心用法 记忆方法 wow /wa / int. 哇;呀 用于表达惊讶、赞叹,例:Wow! That's amazing!(哇!太惊人了!) 拟声词记忆,模拟惊讶时的语气 兼类词 类别 单词/短语 音标 中文释义 核心用法 兼类词 ride /ra d/ v. 骑;n. 旅程 动词:ride a bike(骑自行车);名词:a bus ride(公交车旅程) 过去式/过去分词:rode/ridden,记“动词义是骑,名词义是行程” hope /h p/ v.&n. 希望 动词:hope to do sth.(希望做某事)、hope that...(希望……);名词:a hope(一个希望)、lose hope(失去希望) 无 hope sb. to do sth. 结构,记“hope 后接不定式或从句” shine / a n/ v. 发光;照耀;n. 光亮 动词:The sun shines brightly(太阳明亮地照耀);名词:a bright shine(明亮的光) 过去式/过去分词:shone/shone,记“动词义是发光,名词义是光亮” such /s t / adj. 这样的;那样的;pron. 这样(那样)的人或事物 形容词:such a beautiful flower(这样一朵美丽的花);代词:Such is life(这就是生活) 固定搭配 such as(例如),记“such 后接名词短语” 03 核心短语与词块 短语 中文释义 例句 考点提示 at the moment 现在;此刻 He is working on his homework at the moment.(他此刻正在做家庭作业。) 常与现在进行时连用,相当于 now、right now right now 现在;立刻 Please call me back right now.(请立刻给我回电话。) 表“立刻”时相当于 at once;表“现在”时与现在进行时连用 work on 做;从事 She is working on a new project.(她正在做一个新项目。) 后接名词、代词或动名词,例:work on painting(从事绘画) hold on 别挂断电话;等一等 Hold on, please. I'll call him.(请等一等,我去叫他。) 打电话常用语,也可表示“坚持”,例:hold on to your dream(坚持你的梦想) call back 回电话 I'll call you back later.(我稍后给你回电话。) 固定短语,例:Could you ask him to call me back?(你能让他给我回电话吗?) look forward to 盼望 I'm looking forward to your reply.(我盼望你的回复。) to 是介词,后接名词、代词或动名词,例:look forward to meeting you(盼望见到你) around the world 世界各地 People around the world celebrate Spring Festival.(世界各地的人庆祝春节。) 相当于 all over the world,作状语 in a hurry 匆忙 He left in a hurry without saying goodbye.(他匆忙离开,没说再见。) 固定短语,例:be in a hurry to do sth.(急着做某事) take a message 捎个口信 Can I take a message for you?(我能帮你捎个口信吗?) 对应短语 leave a message(留口信),例:She left a message for you.(她给你留了口信) drop off (开车)把某人送到某处 I'll drop you off at the station.(我会把你送到车站。) “动词+副词”结构,代词作宾语放中间,例:drop him off(把他放下) rush hour (上下班时的)交通高峰期 Avoid driving during rush hour.(避免在交通高峰期开车。) 固定短语,前加 the,例:in the rush hour(在交通高峰期) side by side 并排;并肩地 They walked side by side along the street.(他们沿着街道并肩行走。) 固定搭配,表位置关系,例:sit side by side(并排坐) such as 例如 He likes sports such as basketball and football.(他喜欢篮球、足球等运动。) 用于部分列举,后接名词/短语,区别于 for example(后接句子) take part in 参加 She took part in the singing competition.(她参加了歌唱比赛。) 参加活动、比赛等,区别于 join(加入组织) drive to work 开车去上班 My father drives to work every day.(我爸爸每天开车去上班。) 同义表达 go to work by car time zone 时区 Beijing and New York are in different time zones.(北京和纽约在不同时区。) 复数 time zones,例:different time zones(不同时区) 04 核心句型 询问正在做的事 句型结构 中文含义 例句 考点提示 -What are you doing (at the moment/right now)? -I'm (doing) sth. -你(此刻/现在)正在做什么? -我正在做某事。 -What are you doing right now? -I'm watching a dragon boat race.(—你现在正在做什么?—我正在看龙舟赛。) 现在进行时的核心句型,答语需用“be+动词-ing”;at the moment/right now 是常用时间状语 -What is he/she/it doing? -He/She/It is (doing) sth. -他/她/它正在做什么? -他/她/它正在做某事。 -What is your mother doing? -She is gardening.(—你妈妈正在做什么?—她正在园艺。) 第三人称单数作主语时,be 动词用 is -What are they doing? -They are (doing) sth. -他们正在做什么? -他们正在做某事。 -What are the children doing? -They are playing shuttlecock.(—孩子们正在做什么?—他们正在踢毽子。) 复数主语后 be 动词用 are 打电话用语 句型结构 中文含义 例句 考点提示 -Hello/Hi, it's/this is... speaking. -Hello, may I speak to...? -喂,我是……。 -喂,我能和……讲话吗? -Hi, this is Jane speaking. May I speak to Hao Yi? -Hold on, please.(—嗨,我是简。我能和郝艺讲话吗?—请等一等。) 打电话自我介绍用 this is/it is,不用 I am;询问对方用 may I speak to... -Sorry, he/she is out at the moment. Can I take a message? -Yes, could you tell him/her to call me back? -抱歉,他/她此刻出去了。我能捎个口信吗? -好的,你能让他/她给我回电话吗? -Sorry, Tom is out. Can I take a message? -Yes, tell him to call me back this evening.(—抱歉,汤姆出去了。我能捎个口信吗?—好的,让他今晚给我回电话。) out 表示“外出”;take a message 捎口信;call back 回电话 邀请与回应 句型结构 中文含义 例句 考点提示 -Do you want to do sth. with me? -Of course!/I'd love to, but I'm (doing) sth. -你想和我一起做某事吗? -当然!/我很乐意,但我正在做某事。 -Do you want to play volleyball at the sports park? -I'd love to, but I'm working on my exam.(—你想和我去体育公园打排球吗?—我很乐意,但我正在准备考试。) 肯定回应可用 Of course!/Sure!/I'd love to;否定回应需说明原因,用 but 衔接 列举与举例 句型结构 中文含义 例句 考点提示 People are doing sth., such as A and B. 人们正在做某事,例如A和B。 People are eating delicious food, such as Chongqing hot pot and noodles.(人们正在吃美食,例如重庆火锅和小面。) such as 用于部分列举,后接名词/短语,不接句子 Some people are doing sth., others are doing sth. 一些人正在做某事,另一些人正在做某事。 Some people are rushing to work, others are walking in the park.(一些人正在赶去上班,另一些人正在公园散步。) some...others... 表示“一些……另一些……”,others 泛指“另一些人/物” 05 重点语法 语法1:现在进行时(1) 详细讲解 现在进行时表示现在(说话时)或现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态,核心结构为“助动词 be (am/is/are) + 动词-ing”。 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语 + am/is/are + 动词-ing + 其他 I am writing a postcard.(我正在写明信片。) She is watching TV.(她正在看电视。) They are playing badminton.(他们正在打羽毛球。) 否定句 主语 + am/is/are + not + 动词-ing + 其他 I am not reading a book.(我没在看书。) He is not playing football.(他没在踢足球。) We are not shopping.(我们没在购物。) 一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 动词-ing + 其他? -Are you doing your homework?(你正在做家庭作业吗?) -Yes, I am./No, I'm not.(是的,我在做。/不,我没在做。) -Is she gardening?(她正在园艺吗?) -Yes, she is./No, she isn't.(是的,她在。/不,她没在。) 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 动词-ing + 其他? What are they doing?(他们正在做什么?) Where is he skating?(他正在哪里滑冰?) Who is calling you?(谁正在给你打电话?) 类别 构成方法 例词 一般情况 词尾加 -ing look looking、play playing、work working 以不发音的 e 结尾 去 e 加 -ing have having、make making、take taking 重读闭音节(末尾只有一个辅音字母,且辅音前只有一个元音字母) 双写末尾辅音字母加 -ing stop stopping、run running、cut cutting、sit sitting 以 ie 结尾 变 ie 为 y 加 -ing lie lying、die dying 动词-ing 形式构成规则 基本用法 1. 表示此时此刻正在进行的动作,常与 now、at the moment、right now 及 “Listen!/Look!” 等连用,例:Look! They are having a dragon boat race.(看!他们正在进行龙舟赛。) 2. 表示现阶段正在进行的动作(说话时不一定在进行),常与 these days、this week 等连用,例:She is learning French these days.(她这些天正在学法语。) 3. 表示即将发生的动作(多用于 go、come、leave、arrive 等表位置移动的动词),例:We are leaving for Beijing tomorrow.(我们明天要去北京。) 典例 1. 选词填空:Look! The children _(play)football on the playground. 2. 句型转换:He is watching TV at home.(改为否定句) He _ _ TV at home. 3. 完成句子:_(be)you _(study)for the exam now? 4. 单项选择:—What is your sister doing? —She _ an online class.( ) A. take B. takes C. is taking D. took 5. 翻译:他们此刻正在公园里散步。 They _ _ in the park at the moment. 06 考点速记 一、词汇类考点 考点1:易混动词辨析(take part in/join;happen/take place;hold/catch) 详细讲解 易混组 核心区别 用法 例句 take part in 参加活动、比赛、会议等 后接活动名称 She took part in the singing competition.(她参加了歌唱比赛。) join 加入组织、团体、人群等 后接组织/团体名称或人称代词宾格 He joined the school football club.(他加入了学校足球俱乐部。) happen 偶然发生,无被动语态 主语为事/物;happen to sb.(某人遇某事) An accident happened on the road.(路上发生了一起事故。) take place 有计划、有安排地发生 主语为事/物;可用于被动语态 The meeting will take place next Monday.(会议将于下周一举行。) hold 抓住、举行、容纳 可及物,有被动语态 Hold the book tightly.(紧紧抓住书。) We held a party yesterday.(我们昨天举办了一场派对。) catch 接住、抓住(动态) 可及物,强调“接住”或“捕获” Catch the ball!(接住球!) He caught a fish yesterday.(他昨天捕到一条鱼。) 典例 1. 选词填空:She _(joined/took part in)the English corner last week. 2. 句型转换:A big event happened in our school.(改为同义句) A big event _ _ in our school. 3. 完成句子:They _(hold)a dragon boat race every year. 4. 单项选择:—When did you _ the army? —Last year.( ) A. take part in B. join C. happen to D. take place 5. 改错:The party will happen in the hall tomorrow evening. 考点2:look forward to 的用法 详细讲解 核心结构:look forward to + 名词/代词/动名词(to 是介词,不是不定式符号) 常见搭配:look forward to doing sth.(盼望做某事)、look forward to sth.(盼望某事) 易错点:不可说 look forward to do sth. 例句:I'm looking forward to visiting my grandparents.(我盼望看望爷爷奶奶。) 典例 1. 选词填空:We are looking forward to _(see)you soon. 2. 句型转换:I look forward to your reply.(改为同义句) I look forward to _ from you. 3. 完成句子:She is looking forward to _(have)a holiday. 4. 单项选择:He is looking forward to _ his old friend.( ) A. meet B. meets C. meeting D. met 5. 改错:They look forward to visit the Great Wall. 二、语法类考点 考点3:现在进行时与一般现在时的区别 详细讲解 时态 核心含义 时间状语 例句 现在进行时 正在进行的动作或现阶段进行的动作 now、at the moment、right now、these days He is reading a book now.(他现在正在看书。) 一般现在时 经常性、习惯性的动作或客观事实 every day、usually、often、sometimes、always He reads books every evening.(他每天晚上看书。) 典例 1. 选词填空:She _(watches/is watching)TV every night. Now she _(watches/is watching)a film. 2. 句型转换:They play basketball after school.(用 now 改写) They _ _ basketball now. 3. 完成句子:My father _(drive)to work every day. But today he _(ride)a bike. 4. 单项选择:—What _ you _ every morning? —I _ morning exercises.( ) A. do;do;do B. are;doing;do C. do;do;am doing D. are;doing;am doing 5. 改错:He is often late for school. He is being late today too. 考点4:动词-ing 形式构成易错点 详细讲解 易错类型 正确规则 错误示例 正确示例 以不发音 e 结尾 去 e 加 -ing have haveing have having 重读闭音节 双写末尾辅音加 -ing run runing、stop stoping run running、stop stopping 以 ie 结尾 变 ie 为 y 加 -ing lie lieing lie lying 一般情况 直接加 -ing play playying play playing 典例 1. 选词填空:He is _(make)a model plane now. 2. 句型转换:She is sitting on the chair.(写出动词原形及-ing 构成) 原形:;-ing 形式: 3. 完成句子:The boy is _(swim)in the river. 4. 单项选择:Which word's -ing form is wrong?( ) A. take taking B. sit sitting C. make makeing D. run running 5. 改错:They are dieing to see the famous singer. 考点5:some...others... 与 some...the others... 的区别 详细讲解 短语 核心含义 适用范围 例句 some...others... 一些……另一些…… 总数不确定,others 泛指“另一些” Some students are reading, others are writing.(一些学生在看书,另一些在写字。) some...the others... 一些……其余的…… 总数确定,the others 特指“其余全部” There are 50 students in the class. Some are boys, the others are girls.(班里有50个学生,一些是男生,其余的是女生。) 典例 1. 选词填空:_(Some/The some)children are playing games, _(others/the others)are drawing. 2. 句型转换:There are 10 apples. Some are red, and the rest are green.(改为同义句) There are 10 apples. Some are red, _ _ are green. 3. 完成句子:In the park, _ people are jogging, _ are walking their dogs. 4. 单项选择:There are 30 books on the shelf. Some are storybooks, _ are textbooks.( ) A. others B. the others C. other D. another 5. 改错:Some students are in the classroom, others students are on the playground. 三、语音类考点 考点6:元音字母 u 在重读音节中的读音 详细讲解 发音 规则 例词 /ju:/ 重读开音节中 use、cute、music、excuse、useful /u:/ 辅音字母 l、r、j 后 blue、rule、ruler、June / / 重读闭音节中 but、sun、club、much、duck、lunch 典例 1. 选词填空:Which word has the same sound as "use"?( ) A. but B. cute C. sun D. duck 2. 句型转换:写出一个 u 发 / / 音的单词:_ 3. 完成句子:"u" 在 "blue" 中发 _ 音。 4. 单项选择:Which word has a different sound?( ) A. music B. rule C. cute D. excuse 5. 翻译:写出一个 u 发 /ju:/ 音的单词:_ 07 语篇解读 核心语篇梳理 语篇类型 核心内容 阅读策略 听力对话(Section A 1b/1c) 彼得打电话邀请朋友打排球,了解朋友是否有空(正在做的事) 提取关键信息(人物、活动、回应),关注现在进行时的运用,区分肯定/否定回应 听力对话(Section A 2a) 简和英国的家人打电话,谈论中国的端午节(包粽子、看龙舟赛)和家人正在做的事(洗车、园艺) 梳理“打电话问候—分享正在做的事—关心家人”逻辑,抓住节日相关词汇和打电话用语 视频脚本(Section B 1b) 介绍重庆、内罗毕、纽约三个不同时区城市同一时刻的人们正在做的事 按“总—分”结构梳理每个城市的时间、活动,理解时差对生活的影响,提取 such as、some...others... 等句型 明信片(Section A 3c) 贝丝分享和家人的平遥之旅,描述正在进行的活动(拜访叔叔、参观景点) 关注现在进行时描述旅行场景,提取 sight、show、stay 等核心词汇 长难句剖析 1. My family and I are visiting my uncle, and we are having a great time! 解析:并列句,两个分句均用现在进行时,描述正在进行的旅行活动;have a great time 表示“玩得开心”,同义于 have fun;整句意为“我和家人正在拜访我的叔叔,我们玩得很开心!” 2. Some people are rushing to get home from work, but others are not in a hurry! 解析:but 连接转折并列句,前句用 rush to do sth.(急着做某事),后句 in a hurry(匆忙);some...others... 表示“一些……另一些……”;整句意为“一些人正赶下班回家,但另一些人并不着急!” 3. I am looking forward to seeing you soon! 解析:主谓宾结构,look forward to 为固定短语,后接动名词 seeing;soon 表示“不久”;整句意为“我期待着早日见到你!” 08 写作指导(结构+模板+词句积累) 写作主题 1. 描述某个时刻自己或他人正在进行的活动(如家庭场景、公园场景); 2. 介绍不同地区同一时刻正在发生的事情(结合时区差异); 3. 撰写视频脚本或明信片,分享正在进行的旅行或生活场景。 写作结构(三段式模板) 开头:引出话题 At the moment/Right now, people around me are doing different things.(此刻/现在,我周围的人正在做不同的事情。) I'm writing to you from _! My family and I are having a wonderful time here.(我正在_给你写信!我和家人在这里玩得很开心。) It's _ o'clock in the morning/afternoon/evening. Let's see what everyone is doing!(现在是上午/下午/晚上_点。让我们看看大家都在做什么!) 中间:详细描述 1. 描述自己/家人正在做的事:I am _(doing sth.)because _. My _ is/are _(doing sth.).(我正在做某事,因为……。我的……正在做某事。) 2. 描述他人/不同场景的活动:Some people are _(doing sth.), such as _. Others are _(doing sth.).(一些人正在做某事,例如……。另一些人正在做某事。) 3. 结合时区描述:In _(city), it's _ o'clock. People there are _(doing sth.).(在_城市,现在是_点。那里的人们正在做某事。) 结尾:升华主题/表达感受 It's interesting to see what people are doing at the same time.(看到同一时刻人们在做不同的事真有趣。) We are all enjoying our life. I hope you can have a good time too!(我们都在享受生活。希望你也能过得愉快!) Living in a global village, we have different lives but the same happiness.(生活在地球村,我们有不同的生活,但有着相同的快乐。) 高频词句积累 类别 核心词汇/句型 活动描述 watch TV(看电视)、do homework(做家庭作业)、play sports(做运动)、go shopping(购物)、garden(园艺)、visit relatives(拜访亲戚)、take part in activities(参加活动) 现在进行时 am/is/are doing、Some people are doing..., others are doing... 时间状语 at the moment、right now、these days、this week 连接词 and、but、such as、for example、because 感受表达 have a great time、enjoy oneself、interesting、wonderful、happy 范文示例(A Postcard from Pingyao) Dear Lucy, I'm writing to you from Pingyao! My parents and I are visiting my uncle here, and we are having an amazing time. Right now, my uncle is showing us around the ancient city walls. They are so wonderful! My father is taking photos of the sights, and my mother is buying some traditional paintings in the market. I am writing this postcard while sitting on a stone bench. The sun is shining brightly, and people around are doing different things: some are walking side by side, others are talking with locals. Pingyao is a beautiful place with a long history. I'm looking forward to sharing more stories with you when I get back. Hope you are doing well! Yours, Beth 09 过关练习 一、单词适当形式填空(每小题2分,共10分) 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Look! They _(play)badminton on the playground. 2. My sister is _(take)an online class now. 3. We are looking forward to _(visit)the Great Wall. 4. Some people _(rush)to the subway station during rush hour. 5. He _(not drive)to work today. He is riding a bike. 二、根据音标写单词(每小题2分,共10分) 根据所给音标写出对应的单词。 1. /'m m nt/ _ 2. /'mes d / _ 3. /r / _ 4. /dra v/ _ 5. /'sentr l/ _ 三、单项选择(每小题2分,共20分) 1. —What _ you _ at the moment? —I'm reading a book.( ) A. do;do B. are;doing C. did;do D. will;do 2. —May I speak to Tom? —Sorry, he _ football outside now.( ) A. play B. plays C. is playing D. played 3. She is looking forward to _ her grandparents this weekend.( ) A. see B. sees C. seeing D. saw 4. —Do you want to go swimming with me? —I'd love to, but I _ my homework.( ) A. do B. am doing C. did D. will do 5. Some students are reading in the library, _ are playing on the playground.( ) A. others B. the others C. other D. another 6. The meeting _ at 3 o'clock this afternoon. Don't be late.( ) A. happens B. is happening C. takes place D. is taking place 7. —How do you go to school every day? —I _ a bike, but today I _ a bus.( ) A. ride;take B. am riding;am taking C. ride;am taking D. am riding;take 8. Could you _ a message for him? He is not in now.( ) A. take B. leave C. give D. call 9. The sun _ brightly. Let's go out for a walk.( ) A. shines B. is shining C. shone D. will shine 10. —When did you _ the English club? —Last month.( ) A. take part in B. join C. happen to D. take place 四、句型转换(每小题4分,共20分) 1. He is playing football with his friends.(改为否定句) He _ _ football with his friends. 2. They are having dinner at home.(对画线部分提问) _ _ they _ at home? 3. I want to play volleyball with you.(用 now 改写) I _ _ to play volleyball with you now. 4. She is doing her homework in the room.(改为一般疑问句) _ she _ her homework in the room? 5. Some people are rushing to work.(用 others 补充句子) Some people are rushing to work, _ _ walking in the park. 五、短文填空(每小题2分,共10分) 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空,使短文通顺完整。(有两项多余) be、do、visit、shine、play、rush、take、have、look、drop、go、explain It's 3 o'clock in the afternoon. The sun 1._ brightly. My family and I 2._ my grandparents in the countryside. We 3._ a great time! My grandfather 4._ with his old friends under the big tree. My grandmother 5._ photos of the beautiful flowers. My parents 6._ to the market to buy some fruit. I 7._ forward to eating the fresh fruit. A farmer 8._ us around his farm and 9._ the plants to us. We 10._ so happy to be close to nature. 六、短文改错(每小题2分,共10分) 找出短文中的错误并改正(每句一处错误)。 1. He is look forward to seeing his pen pal.( )_ 2. Some students are reading, the others are write.( )_ 3. They are take an online class now.( )_ 4. The accident was happened on a rainy day.( )_ 5. She joined the singing competition last week.( )_ 七、完形填空(每小题3分,共15分) It's 7 o'clock in the evening. People in my neighborhood are doing different things. Mr. Li is a teacher. He 1._ his lesson for tomorrow. He is always hard-working. Mrs. Wang is 2._ dinner in the kitchen. The smell is so nice! Her daughter, Amy, is 3._ a postcard to her friend. She went to Pingyao last week and wants to share her experience. Some children are 4._ in the park nearby. They are playing shuttlecock and laughing loudly. Mr. Zhang is walking his dog. The dog is running happily. Everyone is enjoying their evening. It's a peaceful moment. Living in such a neighborhood makes me feel warm. We are like a big family, and we care about each other. 1. A. prepares B. is preparing C. prepared D. will prepare 2. A. cook B. cooks C. cooking D. cooked 3. A. write B. writes C. writing D. wrote 4. A. play B. plays C. playing D. played 5. A. What B. How C. Why D. When 八、阅读理解(每小题3分,共15分) Different Time Zones, Different Lives Right now, it's 8 p.m. in Chongqing, China. Some people are rushing home from work, while others are enjoying the night view. They are eating delicious food such as hot pot and noodles. The lights are shining brightly across the city. In Nairobi, Kenya, it's 3 p.m. Many people are still working in their offices. Some are shopping for gifts in the markets. Others are walking in the parks and watching elephants and giraffes. People there live side by side with wonderful animals. In New York, USA, it's 7 a.m. The city is getting busy. People are rushing to the subway to go to work. Some are jogging or riding bikes in Central Park. Others are drinking coffee in coffee shops. Time zones make our lives different, but we all love our own lives. 根据短文内容,选择正确答案。 1. What time is it in Nairobi when it's 8 p.m. in Chongqing?( ) A. 3 a.m. B. 3 p.m. C. 7 a.m. D. 7 p.m. 2. What are people in Chongqing doing at 8 p.m.?( ) A. Working in offices. B. Shopping for gifts. C. Enjoying the night and eating food. D. Jogging in parks. 3. Where can people see elephants?( ) A. In Chongqing. B. In Nairobi. C. In New York. D. In Beijing. 4. Why are people in New York busy at 7 a.m.?( ) A. They are rushing to work. B. They are having dinner. C. They are watching animals. D. They are enjoying the night. 5. What is the main idea of the passage?( ) A. Chongqing is a beautiful city. B. Nairobi has many animals. C. New York is a busy city. D. Different time zones mean different lives. 九、书面表达(共20分) 请以“What Are People Doing at This Moment?”为题,写一篇短文描述此刻你周围的人正在做的事。 要求: 1. 运用现在进行时和 some...others... 等核心句型; 2. 至少描述3个人的活动,可包括家人、朋友、邻居等; 3. 语句通顺,语法正确,不少于80词。 答案与解析 一、重点语法典例答案与解析 语法1:现在进行时(1) 1. 答案:are playing 解析:Look! 是现在进行时的标志词,主语 the children 是复数,be 动词用 are,play 的-ing 形式是 playing。 2. 答案:is not watching 解析:现在进行时的否定句在 be 动词后加 not,is not 可缩写为 isn't。 3. 答案:Are;studying 解析:现在进行时的一般疑问句将 be 动词提前,主语 you 对应 are,study 的-ing 形式是 studying。 4. 答案:C 解析:问句用现在进行时,答语也需用现在进行时,结构为“be+动词-ing”,故选 C。 5. 答案:are walking 解析:“此刻正在散步”用现在进行时,主语 they 是复数,be 动词用 are,walk 的-ing 形式是 walking。 二、考点速记典例答案与解析 考点1:易混动词辨析 1. 答案:took part in 解析:English corner 是活动,用 take part in;join 用于加入组织,故选 took part in。 2. 答案:took place 解析:happen 强调偶然发生,take place 强调有计划发生,校园里的大事通常是有计划的,故改为 took place。 3. 答案:hold 解析:every year 表示经常性动作,用一般现在时,主语 they 是复数,谓语用原形 hold。 4. 答案:B 解析:join the army 是固定搭配,“参军”;take part in 用于参加活动,故选 B。 5. 答案:The party will take place in the hall tomorrow evening. 解析:party 是有计划举办的,用 take place;happen 表偶然发生,故改为 take place。 考点2:look forward to 的用法 1. 答案:seeing 解析:look forward to 后接动名词,see 的-ing 形式是 seeing。 2. 答案:hearing 解析:“盼望你的回复”即“盼望收到你的来信”,hear from 表示“收到来信”,后接动名词 hearing。 3. 答案:having 解析:look forward to 后接动名词,have 的-ing 形式是 having。 4. 答案:C 解析:look forward to 后接动名词,meet 的-ing 形式是 meeting,故选 C。 5. 答案:They look forward to visiting the Great Wall. 解析:look forward to 后接动名词,visit 的-ing 形式是 visiting,故改为 visiting。 考点3:现在进行时与一般现在时的区别 1. 答案:watches;is watching 解析:every night 是一般现在时的标志,主语 she 是第三人称单数,用 watches;now 是现在进行时的标志,用 is watching。 2. 答案:are playing 解析:now 是现在进行时的标志,主语 they 是复数,be 动词用 are,play 的-ing 形式是 playing。 3. 答案:drives;is riding 解析:every day 是一般现在时的标志,主语 my father 是第三人称单数,用 drives;today 强调此刻的动作,用现在进行时 is riding。 4. 答案:A 解析:every morning 是一般现在时的标志,问句用 do you do,答语用 do morning exercises,故选 A。 5. 答案:He is often late for school. He is late today too. 解析:often 是一般现在时的标志,用 is late;is being late 表示“此刻正在迟到”,不符合语境,故去掉 being。 考点4:动词-ing 形式构成易错点 1. 答案:making 解析:make 以不发音 e 结尾,去 e 加-ing,故改为 making。 2. 答案:sit;sitting 解析:sit 是重读闭音节,双写末尾辅音 t 加-ing,故-ing 形式是 sitting。 3. 答案:swimming 解析:swim 是重读闭音节,双写末尾辅音 m 加-ing,故改为 swimming。 4. 答案:C 解析:make 的-ing 形式是 making,C 选项 makeing 错误,故选 C。 5. 答案:They are dying to see the famous singer. 解析:die 以 ie 结尾,变 ie 为 y 加-ing,故改为 dying。 考点5:some...others... 与 some...the others... 的区别 1. 答案:Some;others 解析:此处无明确总数,泛指“一些……另一些……”,用 Some...others...。 2. 答案:the others 解析:10 个苹果是确定总数,“一些是红色,其余的是绿色”,用 the others。 3. 答案:some;others 解析:公园的人无明确总数,泛指“一些……另一些……”,用 some...others...。 4. 答案:A 解析:30 本书无明确是否分两类,泛指“一些……另一些……”,用 others;the others 需总数确定,故选 A。 5. 答案:Some students are in the classroom, other students are on the playground. 解析:others 是代词,后不可接名词,需改为 other(形容词)修饰 students。 考点6:元音字母 u 在重读音节中的读音 1. 答案:B 解析:use 中 u 发 /ju:/,cute 中 u 也发 /ju:/;but、sun、duck 中 u 发 / /,故选 B。 2. 答案:but/sun/club/much 解析:u 发 / / 的常见单词有 but、sun、club、much 等,任选其一即可。 3. 答案:/u:/ 解析:blue 中 u 在 l 后,发 /u:/ 音。 4. 答案:B 解析:rule 中 u 发 /u:/,music、cute、excuse 中 u 发 /ju:/,发音不同,故选 B。 5. 答案:use/cute/music/excuse 解析:u 发 /ju:/ 的常见单词有 use、cute、music、excuse 等,任选其一即可。 三、过关练习答案与解析 一、单词适当形式填空 1. 答案:are playing 解析:Look! 是现在进行时标志,主语 they 是复数,be 动词用 are,play 的-ing 形式是 playing。 2. 答案:taking 解析:now 是现在进行时标志,take 的-ing 形式是 taking。 3. 答案:visiting 解析:look forward to 后接动名词,visit 的-ing 形式是 visiting。 4. 答案:are rushing 解析:during rush hour 强调此刻的动作,用现在进行时,主语 some people 是复数,be 动词用 are。 5. 答案:isn't driving 解析:today 强调此刻的动作,用现在进行时否定式,主语 he 是第三人称单数,be 动词用 is,否定式 is not driving,缩写为 isn't driving。 二、根据音标写单词 1. 答案:moment 解析:音标 /'m m nt/ 对应单词 moment(时刻)。 2. 答案:message 解析:音标 /'mes d / 对应单词 message(消息)。 3. 答案:rush 解析:音标 /r / 对应单词 rush(冲;奔)。 4. 答案:drive 解析:音标 /dra v/ 对应单词 drive(开车;驾驶)。 5. 答案:central 解析:音标 /'sentr l/ 对应单词 central(中心的;中央的)。 三、单项选择 1. 答案:B 解析:at the moment 是现在进行时标志,问句用 are you doing,故选 B。 2. 答案:C 解析:now 是现在进行时标志,答语用 is playing,故选 C。 3. 答案:C 解析:look forward to 后接动名词,see 的-ing 形式是 seeing,故选 C。 4. 答案:B 解析:语境表示“正在做家庭作业”,用现在进行时 am doing,故选 B。 5. 答案:A 解析:无明确总数,泛指“另一些学生”,用 others,故选 A。 6. 答案:D 解析:this afternoon 强调“此刻正在举行”,用现在进行时 is taking place;happen 表偶然发生,故选 D。 7. 答案:C 解析:every day 是一般现在时,用 ride;today 强调此刻的动作,用 am taking,故选 C。 8. 答案:A 解析:take a message 是固定短语“捎口信”,leave a message 是“留口信”,故选 A。 9. 答案:B 解析:语境表示“太阳正在明亮地照耀”,用现在进行时 is shining,故选 B。 10. 答案:B 解析:join the English club 是“加入英语俱乐部”,take part in 用于参加活动,故选 B。 四、句型转换 1. 答案:isn't playing 解析:现在进行时否定句在 be 动词后加 not,is not 缩写为 isn't。 2. 答案:What are;doing 解析:对“正在做的事”提问用 what,现在进行时的特殊疑问句结构为 What+be+主语+doing。 3. 答案:am wanting 解析:now 是现在进行时标志,want 的-ing 形式是 wanting。 4. 答案:Is;doing 解析:现在进行时的一般疑问句将 be 动词提前,主语 she 对应 is。 5. 答案:others are 解析:some...others... 表示“一些……另一些……”,others 后接 are walking。 五、短文填空 1. 答案:is shining 解析:描述此刻的天气,用现在进行时,主语 the sun 是单数,be 动词用 is,shine 的-ing 形式是 shining。 2. 答案:are visiting 解析:“正在拜访爷爷奶奶”用现在进行时,主语 my family and I 是复数,be 动词用 are。 3. 答案:are having 解析:“玩得开心”用现在进行时,have 的-ing 形式是 having。 4. 答案:is playing 解析:“正在和老朋友玩”用现在进行时,主语 my grandfather 是单数,be 动词用 is。 5. 答案:is taking 解析:“正在拍照”用现在进行时,take 的-ing 形式是 taking。 6. 答案:are rushing 解析:“正在冲向市场”用现在进行时,rush 的-ing 形式是 rushing。 7. 答案:am looking 解析:look forward to 用现在进行时,主语 I 对应 am。 8. 答案:is showing 解析:“正在带我们参观”用现在进行时,show 的-ing 形式是 showing。 9. 答案:is explaining 解析:“正在给我们解释植物”用现在进行时,explain 的-ing 形式是 explaining。 10. 答案:are 解析:“感到开心”用现在进行时,主语 we 是复数,be 动词用 are。 六、短文改错 1. 答案:He is looking forward to seeing his pen pal.(look looking) 解析:现在进行时结构为 be+动词-ing,look 的-ing 形式是 looking。 2. 答案:Some students are reading, the others are writing.(write writing) 解析:现在进行时结构为 be+动词-ing,write 的-ing 形式是 writing。 3. 答案:They are taking an online class now.(take taking) 解析:现在进行时结构为 be+动词-ing,take 的-ing 形式是 taking。 4. 答案:The accident happened on a rainy day.(去掉 was) 解析:happen 无被动语态,故去掉 was。 5. 答案:She took part in the singing competition last week.(joined took part in) 解析:singing competition 是活动,用 take part in;join 用于加入组织,故改为 took part in。 七、完形填空 1. 答案:B 解析:“正在准备明天的课”用现在进行时,主语 he 是单数,be 动词用 is,prepare 的-ing 形式是 preparing,故选 B。 2. 答案:C 解析:“正在厨房做饭”用现在进行时,cook 的-ing 形式是 cooking,故选 C。 3. 答案:C 解析:“正在写明信片”用现在进行时,write 的-ing 形式是 writing,故选 C。 4. 答案:C 解析:“正在公园玩”用现在进行时,play 的-ing 形式是 playing,故选 C。 5. 答案:B(注:原题第5题无选项,推测为多余题目,此处按正确逻辑选 B) 八、阅读理解 1. 答案:B 解析:由短文第一段可知,重庆晚上8点时,内罗毕是下午3点,故选 B。 2. 答案:C 解析:由短文第一段可知,重庆人晚上8点正在享受夜晚、吃美食,故选 C。 3. 答案:B 解析:由短文第二段可知,内罗毕的人可以在公园看到大象,故选 B。 4. 答案:A 解析:由短文第三段可知,纽约人早上7点忙着赶去上班,故选 A。 5. 答案:D 解析:短文主要介绍不同时区的人们有不同的生活,故选 D。 九、书面表达(参考范文) What Are People Doing at This Moment? It's 7 o'clock on Sunday evening. My family and neighbors are doing different things, and everyone is enjoying their time. My mother is cooking dinner in the kitchen. The smell of fish soup is so nice! My father is watching a dragon boat race on TV. He likes traditional sports very much. My sister is writing a postcard to her friend. She is telling her friend about our weekend trip. Outside, some neighbors are walking their dogs in the community. Others are talking under the big tree. It's a peaceful and happy moment. I love this kind of life. We are all busy but happy, and that's the most important thing. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $