2026年中考英语被动语态讲解+练习

被动语态专项复习 ①定义：表示主语是动作(vt.及物动词)的承受者。译为“被” ②主动变被动步骤：①宾变主，②变谓语，③by+原主主动语态复习 主语：动作的发出者 谓语：动作 宾语：动作的承受者 主动语态：He opened the door. ② ① ③ 被动语态：The door was opened by him. ③谓语结构构成：be+v.ed(过去分词) 主动语态（v.） 被动语态(be +v.ed) 一般现在时 v.原/ v.三单 am/ is/ are +v.ed 一般过去时 v.ed(过去式) was/ were+v.ed 一般将来时 am/ is/ are going to+v.原 shall/ will +v.原 am/ is/ are going to be+v.ed shall/ will be+v.ed 现在进行时 am/ is/ are +v.ing am/ is/ are being+v.ed 过去进行时 was/ were+v.ing was/ were being+v.ed 现在完成时 has/ have +v.ed(过去分词) has/ have been+v.ed 过去完成时 had +v.ed(过去分词) had been+v.ed 总结：be变v.ed不变,be随时态变 · 习题演练 单项选择 1) The scientist __________ to the meeting yesterday. A. invites B. invited C. is invited D. was invited 2) --- Mum, when can we ride around the countryside? --- Not until the main road ________ next month. A. repairs B. will repair C. will be repaired D. is repaired 3) If he ________ another 5 minutes, I think he will finish the work. A. will give B. is given C. will be given D. gives 句型转换 4) Tom divided the cake into halves. (改为被动语态) The cake ________ ________ into halves by Tom. 5) Inventions in medicine have saved many lives. (改为被动语态) Many lives ________ ________ ________ by inventions in medicine. 6) The sports meeting will be held by them tomorrow. (改为主动语态) They ________ ________the sports meeting tomorrow. 被动语态拓展知识点： ①情态动词被动语态：情态动词+be+v.ed Tables can be made of stone. ②双宾语结构被动语态： 记忆口诀：双宾结构变被动，两宾都可作主语。人作主语直接用，物作主语加to/for Jack told us the truth. / Jack told the truth to us. →We were told the truth by Jack. / The truth was told to us by Jack. ③使役动词(make)被动语态：（还原不定式to） make sb. do sth.→sb. be made to do sth. Make Tom go home now. → Tom is made to go home now. · 习题演练 单项选择 1) This kind of flower ________ every day, or it will die. A. must water B. must be watered C. should water D. can be watered 2) My mother told me that my homework must ________. A. finish B. be finish C. be finished D. finished 3) The new computers ________ to the village schools next Tuesday. A. are sent B. will be sent C. were sent D. have sent 完成句子 4) 如果你想成功，你需要计划好一切。  (翻译句子) Everything should ________ ________ well if you want to succeed. 5) She gave me a nice gift.(改为两种被动语态的句子) =(She gave a nice gift to me.) ①_____________________________________________________________ ②_____________________________________________________________ 6) The boss made the workers work 10 hours a day. (改为被动语态的句子) ________________________________________________________________________ 综合训练 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. He ______ to my birthday party. A. invite B. invited C. has invited D. was invited ( ) 2. --- More and more subway stations are ______ in Nanjing these days. --- Good! There will ______fewer traffic jams(交通堵塞) in the future. A. building; be B. being built; have C. built; have D. being built; be ( ) 3. --- Your room is too dirty, Mike! --- Sorry, mum. It ______ yesterday. I forgot to do it. A. didn’t clean B. isn’t cleaned C. was cleaned D. wasn’t cleaned ( ) 4. The two girls ______ how to dance one month ago and now they can dance well. A. taught B. have taught C. are taught D. were taught ( ) 5. Lots of trees and flowers ______ in this city every year. A. planted B. are planted C. plant D. were planted ( ) 6. --- Food safety(安全) is very important to us. --- I think so. More rules about it ______ in the future. A. should be made B.were made C. have made D. have been made ( ) 7. --- Why ______ most stars ______ in the daytime? --- Because the sun is too bright. A. can’t; see B. can’t; be seen C. weren’t; see D. weren’t; seen ( ) 8. Teachers always tell us homework must ______ on time. A. finish B. be finish C. finished D. be finished ( ) 9. The lights must ______ before you leave the classroom. A. turn on B. turn off C. be turned on D. be turned off ( ) 10. I have to go to wok by taxi because my car ______ at the garage. A. is repaired B. has repaired C. has been repair D. is being repaired ( ) 11. The classroom ______ every day to keep it clean. A. cleans B. cleaned C. is cleaned D. is cleaning ( ) 12. This story book ______ by many students in our class last term. A. reads B. read C. is read D. was read ( ) 13. The problem ______ by our teacher in the next class. A. explains B. will explain C. will be explained D. explained ( ) 14. Young trees ______ well when it is dry. A. must water B. must be watered C. watered D. are watering ( ) 15. --- ______ this film ______ in your hometown? --- Yes, it was made here last year. A. Was; made B. Is; made C. Does; make D. Did; make ( ) 16. Your homework ______ before you hand in your exercise book. A. must check B. must be checked C. checks D. checked ( ) 17. The old bridge ______ down last month and a new one will be built soon. A. is pulled B. pulled C. was pulled D. pulls ( ) 18. A new hospital ______ in our neighborhood next year. A. builds B. will build C. will be built D. is built ( ) 19. The letter ______ by my mother right now, so please wait a minute. A. is writing B. is being written C. writes D. wrote ( ) 20. --- Why didn’t you come to the party? --- Because I ______ to look after my little sister at home. A. was asked B. asked C. am asked D. ask ( ) 21. These books ______ out of the library. You have to read them here. A. can’t take B. can’t be taken C. didn’t take D. aren’t taken ( ) 22. The little boy ______ to speak English well by his teacher. A. teaches B. is taught C. was teaching D. taught ( ) 23. The sports meeting ______ because of the heavy rain yesterday. A. cancels B. canceled C. was canceled D. is canceled ( ) 24. More trees ______ on both sides of the road next spring. A. plant B. will plant C. are planted D. will be planted ( ) 25. The window ______ just now. It looks clean now. A. cleans B. cleaned C. was cleaned D. is cleaned 二、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. The classroom ______(clean) every morning by the students. 2. This letter ______(write) by my father yesterday evening. 3. A new park ______(build) in our city next year. 4. The homework ______(must finish) before 7:00 p.m. 5. Rice ______(grow) in the south of China. 6. The little girl ______(save) by a policeman last week. 7. The problem ______(discuss) in the meeting tomorrow. 8. Computers ______(use) widely in our daily life now. 9. The old man ______(take) to the hospital just now. 10. Your mistakes ______(should correct) at once. 11. The window ______(break) by Tom yesterday afternoon. 12. English ______(speak) in many countries around the world. 13. A new film ______(show) in the cinema next weekend. 14. The trees ______(water) by the gardener every day. 15. The book ______(write) by a famous writer in 2020. 16. The rules of the school ______(must obey) by all students. 17. The room ______(tidy) up by my sister every Sunday. 18. The sports meeting ______(cancel) because of the rain last Friday. 19. A new bridge ______(build) over the river now. 20. The questions ______(answer) by the teacher in class yesterday. 21. This kind of bike ______(make) in Shanghai. 22. The sick boy ______(look after) by his mother carefully. 23. The work ______(will finish) in two hours. 24. The door ______(lock) by me before I left home. 25. The children ______(tell) to be careful on the road every day. 26. The photos ______(take) by my brother in the park last Sunday. 27. The classroom ______(decorate) for the party now. 28. The news ______(spread) quickly all over the town yesterday. 29. The flowers ______(should water) every morning. 30. A new library ______(open) in our school next month. 31. The floor ______(sweep) by my grandma every morning. 32. The thief ______(catch) by the police last night. 33. The plan ______(discuss) by our class tomorrow morning. 34. Paper ______(invent) by the Chinese people long ago. 35. The little dog ______(feed) three times a day. 36. The letters ______(send) to the post office just now. 37. The problem ______(solve) by him already. 38. The walls ______(paint) white last week. 39. The students ______(allow) to use dictionaries in the exam. 40. The meeting ______(hold) in the school hall next Friday. 41. The desk ______(mend) by my father yesterday. 42. The food ______(cook) by my mother now. 43. The story ______(know) by many people all over the world. 44. The tickets ______(sell) out when we got to the cinema. 45. The baby ______(take) good care of by the nurse. 46. The machine ______(repair) by the workers now. 47. The homework ______(check) by our teacher every day. 48. The song ______(sing) by many young people now. 49. The old house ______(pull) down last year. 50. The new rules ______(make) to keep us safe soon. 三、按要求完成句子 题型1：主动变被动 1. People grow rice in the south. → Rice ______ ______ in the south. 2. Tom wrote this letter yesterday. → This letter ______ ______ by Tom yesterday. 3. We will hold a sports meeting next week. → A sports meeting ______ ______ ______ by us next week. 4. My mother cleans the room every day. → The room ______ ______ by my mother every day. 5. The teacher corrected our homework just now. → Our homework ______ ______ by the teacher just now. 6. They will build a new hospital here. → A new hospital ______ ______ ______ here by them. 7. We must finish the work today. → The work ______ ______ ______ today by us. 8. He broke the window last night. → The window ______ ______ by him last night. 9. People speak English all over the world. → English ______ ______ all over the world. 10. She will send the email tomorrow. → The email ______ ______ ______ by her tomorrow. 11. The workers are building a new road now. → A new road ______ ______ ______ by the workers now. 12. My father mended the bike yesterday. → The bike ______ ______ by my father yesterday. 13. We should help the poor children. → The poor children ______ ______ ______ by us. 14. He has finished his homework. → His homework ______ ______ ______ by him. 15. The students are cleaning the classroom. → The classroom ______ ______ ______ by the students. 题型2：被动变主动 16. The room was cleaned by Lucy. → Lucy ______ the room. 17. This book will be read by me. → I ______ ______ this book. 18. The trees are watered by the students every day. → The students ______ the trees every day. 19. The problem was solved by Tom. → Tom ______ the problem. 20. The letters have been sent by her. → She ______ ______ the letters. 题型3：句型转换 21. The desk is made of wood.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ the desk made of? 22. The flowers are watered by my mother every morning.（否定句） The flowers ______ ______ by my mother every morning. 23. The meeting will be held next Monday.（一般疑问句） ______ the meeting ______ ______ next Monday? 24. The window was broken by Jim yesterday.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ the window broken by yesterday? 25. The homework must be finished on time.（否定句） The homework ______ ______ ______ on time. 26. This photo was taken in Beijing.（一般疑问句并回答） ______ this photo ______ in Beijing? Yes, it . 27. The little boy is looked after by his aunt.（对划线部分提问） ______ the little boy looked after by? 28. The work will be done in an hour.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ the work ______ ? 29. The classroom is cleaned every day.（一般疑问句） ______ the classroom ______ every day? 30. The old man was taken to the hospital by a stranger.（否定句） The old man ______ ______ to the hospital by a stranger. 综合题型 （基础篇） Many people like pandas very much. They are very cute. Most of them l______ in Sichuan, China. They are one of the most popular animals in the world. Pandas are well-known all over the world, so they are often c______ the national treasure of China. Every year, a lot of tourists from different countries v______ China to see pandas. Pandas like eating bamboo best. They can eat a lot of bamboo every day. Bamboo is usually g______ in the mountain areas. These days, the number of pandas is getting smaller and smaller because their living places are becoming fewer. So pandas n______ to be protected well by people. More and more nature parks are built for them. We hope pandas will live a happy life forever. （进阶篇） A new school magazine will be p______ in our school next month. It is a good way to show our school life. All the students are welcome to send their articles to the editor. The articles must be w______ in English or Chinese. They can be about our hobbies, school activities or interesting stories. The articles will be c______ by our teachers first. Then the best ones will be chosen and p______ in the magazine. Everyone can read it for free after it is printed. Last term, our school magazine was loved by all the students and parents. It was s______ out soon after it came out. We believe this new magazine will be more popular and bring us more fun. （提升篇） The Spring Festival is the most important festival in China. It is c______ by Chinese people all over the world. Before the festival, people are busy getting ready for it. Houses are cleaned and d______ with beautiful lights and flowers. A lot of food is b______ from the supermarket. On New Year's Eve, a big family dinner is h______ by every family. Dumplings are the most traditional food. They are usually e______ by people during the festival. Children are very happy because they can get red packets from their parents and relatives. In the past, the Spring Festival Gala was w______ by millions of families on TV every year. Now it is also watched online by more and more young people. The Spring Festival always brings people happiness and good luck. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $