精品解析：Unit 8 Green Earth单元卷2025-2026学年中职英语高教版（2023修订版）基础模块2

Unit 8 单元测试卷 一、单项选择(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分。) 1. We ________ pay attention to building up an environmental-friendly society. A. could B. should C. can D. would 2. Everyone has the responsibility ________ the garbage. A. to sort B. sorting C. sorts D. sort 3. The ________ air does great harm to people’s health. A. pollution B. polluting C. polluted D. pollute 4. We should ________ the importance of environmental protection. A. get B. control C. heal D. realize 5. When we go to the supermarket,we had better use the ________ bags instead of the ________ ones. A. cloth; plastic B. clothes; plastic C. plastic; clothing D. plastic; cloth 6. There are many recyclable waste, such as ________. A. paper and bottles B. cans and light bulbs C. plastics and medicines D. leftovers and household chemicals 7. The ________ can be made into plant food. A. recyclable waste B. kitchen garbage C. harmful waste D. special garbage 8. The waste metal cans are ________. A. recyclable B. toxic C. reusable D. disposable 9. It was through Chen Li ________ I got to know Chen Xiao. A. who B. whom C. how D. that 10. It was in the rice fields ________ we had our league meeting. A. where B. that C. in which D. on which 11. It was on October 1st ________ new China was founded. A. which B. when C. as D. that 12. ________ Sara who called the manager just now. A. That was B. She was C. It was D. It is 13. I would play with the ________ flowers in the stream. A. fallen B. falling C. fall D. fell 14. I saw ________ fish swimming through the clear water. A. thousands B. thousand of C. thousands of D. thousand 15. It was until now that I realized the importance of ________ the environment. A. protect B. to protect C. protecting D. protection 16. It is time we ________ action for future generations! A. took B. to take C. take D. will take 17. We should save water and ________ the best use of it. A. have B. to have C. make D. to make 18. At the same time, trees should be planted as ________ as possible. A. much B. many C. more D. most 19. Earth Hour is a global event held ________ the last Saturday of March every year. A. in B. / C. at D. on 20. It seemed to be a dark world when the lights are ________. A. turned off B. turned down C. turned up D. turned on 二、完形填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。) April 22 is Earth Day. Everyone on earth should ____21____ about and protect the earth! The earth has warmed by about 1℉(华氏度) over the past 100 years, but why and how? Well, scientists are not quite sure. Maybe the earth gets warmer and warmer ____22____ its own. But many scientists say that people are doing many things which make the earth ____23____. First, greenhouse effect is a very important ____24____ for the change of the earth. People ____25____ too much energy into the air every year. It makes the earth warmer. Climate change is another important reason. Sometimes it becomes too hot and sometimes too cold. Sometimes there is too ____26____ rain and sometimes too little. The change of the climate makes the earth warmer. In turn, the warmth of the earth changes the climate, too. When the earth becomes warmer, there may be more rain and a ____27____ in sea level. It will affect the growth of ____28____, animals and people. On a Pacific island, 100 people have to move to higher ground because the sea is rising. These people can ____29____ live on the coast. Before that, two islands without people went underwater in 1999. Scientists say that the seas can rise by nearly one metre by 2100. People can affect the earth’s air, land and ____30____. As for us, we can do many things to protect the earth. For example, we can use fridges less. We can tell more people about protecting the earth. 21. A. care B. save C. talk D. walk 22. A. in B. at C. on D. by 23. A. warm B. warmer C. cold D. colder 24. A. reason B. truth C. promise D. idea 25. A. hand out B. pick out C. take out D. give out 26. A. many B. much C. more D. most 27. A. rise B. reduce C. raise D. decrease 28. A. river B. insects C. plants D. grass 29. A. not any more B. not any longer C. no more D. no longer 30. A. birds B. water C. sand D. sky 三、阅读理解(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。) A I’m sure you all know how important recycling is.Recycling is when you take old things and turn them into new things. It sounds like magic. But it’s actually very scientific. Materials The first thing you have to do is to collect items that can be recycled. Only certain materials can be recycled. These include things made out of paper, metal, glass and plastic. Daily Things Can you think of everyday items made of these materials? Soda cans are good example. They are made out of metal. Magazines and newspaper are made out of paper. So are cereal boxes(麦片盒). Some bottles of juice are made out of glass. Bags and yogurt containers are made out of plastic. There are many things that can be recycled. Loop(环) These things are usually stamped with the recycling loop. It has 3 arrows that go in a triangular(三角形的) circle. This shows that cycle(循环) continues. Items are thrown away but continue their lives as something else. Process Let’s go back to the process of recycling. The items are put in a recycling bin. A truck carries the items to a recycling plant. The materials are separated and squashed(被压扁成) into square cubes. Companies buy and turn them into new products. 31. What is recycling according to the passage? A. It’s a magic performance. B. It’s a way of burning old things. C. It’s a way to make old things useful. D. It’s a scientific research 32. Which material is NOT mentioned in the passage? A. Rubber. B. Metal. C. Glass. D. Plastic. 33. You can put your old things into a recycling bin EXCEPT ________. A. soda cans B. magazines C. cereal boxes D. all bottles 34. The 3 arrows show that the items ________. A. have some valuable stamps B. are in a triangle circle C. can be recycled and reused D. are thrown away 35. The passage is mainly about ________. A. recyclable materials B. recyclable daily things C the recycling process D. recycling in a scientific way B Do you want to make our city a better place? Join us and volunteer together! Planting Trees Planting trees is a great way to make the air fresher and make our city greener. If you’re over 12 years old, come and help us to plant more trees in Zhongshan Park. Let’s meet at the east gate of the park at 8:30 a.m. this Saturday. You’d better wear sports shoes. Repainting Walls The buildings covered with graffiti(涂鸦) are terrible. This Sunday, we are going to repaint the walls of Jiefang Street and make them clean again. Anyone who is over ten can join us. Please arrive at No.18 Jiefang Street at 9:30 a.m. You needn’t bring any tools. Just remember to wear old clothes. Collecting Rubbish You can hang out with your friends in the park and clean up our city parks at the same time. We are going to collect rubbish at Wulin Square from 9:30 a.m to 11:30a.m. next Saturday. No matter how old you are, come and join us. Anyone who collects the most rubbish can get a gift for fun. 36. According to the passage, you can volunteer to ________ if you are ten. A. plant trees B. repaint walls C. collect rubbish D. help others 37. Volunteers need to ________ if they plan to repaint walls according to the passage. A. bring painting tools B. wear old clothes C. know how to paint D. paint well 38. Where will volunteers collect rubbish next Saturday? A. In Zhongshan Park. B. On Jiefang Street. C. At Wulin Square. D. In the school. 39. Volunteers who want to collect rubbish should meet at Wulin Square ________. A. at 8:30 a.m.this Sunday B. at 9:30 a.m.this Saturday C. at 9:30 a.m.next Saturday D. at 11:30 a.m.next Saturday 40. According to the passage, we can know that ________. A. we can plant trees to improve the environment B. we can make buildings cool and interesting with graffiti C. anyone can get a gift if he or she helps to collect rubbish D. if you are sixteen years old, you can’t volunteer to collect rubbish C CO2 emissions are warming the planet. They’re also being soaked up by the oceans and because CO2 is mildly acidic, that’s turning sea water more acidic. Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, ocean acidity has increased by around a quarter. This huge study concludes that some organisms may benefit from this change, but others will be harmed, and all life in the sea will be affected by the resulting shifts in the food web. Baby cod (鳕鱼) appear highly sensitive to the changing ocean chemistry expected this century. The report projects that the number of cod growing to maturity will shrink to just a quarter of the current level. The German-based research programme also indicates that changes brought about by acidification will be made worse by climate change pollution and coastal development 41. Why can CO2 emissions influence the oceans? A. Because CO2 emissions are warming the planet. B. Because CO2 emissions are soaked up by the oceans. C. Because CO2 emissions is mildly acidic, that’s turning sea water more acidic. D. Because CO2 emissions are harmful to ocean life. 42. The ocean acidity has increased by ________. A. around a quarter B. a quarter C. around a half D. a half 43. All life in the sea will be affected by the resulting shifts in ________. A. climate change B. green house C. the food web D. coastal development 44. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage? A. Water pollution. B. Climate change pollution. C. Coastal development. D. Both B and C. 45. The best title for the passage is ________. A. Ocean Pollution B. CO2 Emissions C. The Effect of CO2 Emissions on Ocean D. Sea Level 四、完成对话(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。) A Wang Yu: Today I read a book. ____46____ Tina: Yes. ____47____ The air was fresh, the water was clean, the sky was blue, and so on. Wang Yu: ____48____ There is much pollution. Factories in the towns and cities drained waste liquid to the lakes, rivers and seas. Waste gases and factories make the air dirty. Tina: ____49____ More and more animals are disappearing from the earth forever. Wang Yu: People must be immediately to stop pollution. We can do a lot of things to protect our environment. Tina: Yes, we should start from around things. ____50____ A. Once our environment was very beautiful. B. But today, everything is different. C. This book is about our environment is in danger. D. For example we should use less disposable chopsticks, green travel, and so on. E. At the same time, people are killing more and more animals. B 补全对话 A: Where have you been, Mike? I phoned you, but you weren’t in. B: ____51____ A: Why did you go there? B: ____52____ It has made several old people who live nearby sick. A: ____53____ B: Do you think “Greener China” can do something? A: ____54____ I think we should write a letter to the newspaper about the pollution. B: ____55____ It’s our duty to protect the environment. A. Yes, of course. B. Good idea! C. I’ve been to a rubber (橡胶) factory. D. Because I found the factory pouring waste water into the river. E. What should we do to stop it? 五、词义配对(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。) 词义配对 ____56____ disappear ____57____ dustbin ____58____ heal ____59____ realize ____60____ recycle ____61____ toxic ____62____ waste ____63____ restore ____64____ impact ____65____ reduce A.治愈 B.有毒的 C.消失 D.修复 E.回收再利用 F.意识到 G.垃圾桶 H.浪费 I.影响 J.减少 六、选词填空(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分。) 选词填空 A. is wasting B. environmental C. reusable D. recycle E. generated Waste sorting can help divide the ____66____ waste from the rest. And there are two reasons for doing this. Firstly, the earth is limited in its natural resources, and many products are made from finite resources, which cannot be ____67____ by nature in a short period of time. Simply dumping this kind of products ____68____ resources. Secondly, some part of the waste is of value. To reuse and ____69____ this kind of waste is to save resources to a large extent, which also contributes to ____70____ protection. 七、英汉互译(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分。) 71. 纸和电池是可回收垃圾，但是电池是有害垃圾。(recyclable, harmful) __________________________________________________ 72. 直到现在我才意识到保护环境的重要性。(not until ...) _______________________________________________________________________________ 73. 关于垃圾分类的讲座将于下周三举行。（garbage sorting, lecture） __________________________________________________ 74. We should make good use of these recyclable wastes instead of throwing them away. __________________________________________________ 75. Going green is a great way to help protect the environment. __________________________________________________ 八、书面表达(本大题共10分。) 76. 每年的6月5日是世界环境日，保护环境是全人类共同的目标。今年的世界环境日即将到来，假设你是学生会主席李华，请你以学生会的名义写一份60词左右的倡议书，呼吁大家做好垃圾分类，用自己的实际行动去保护身边的环境，保护我们赖以生存的家园。 提示： (1)活动目； (2)垃圾的具体分类； (3)垃圾分类意义并呼吁全体学生一起参加。 注意：倡议书的开头和结尾已经给出，但不计入总词数。 Key words: sort out, dustbin, recyclable waste, kitchen garbage, harmful. Dear fellow students, To protect the environment, our school will set up a program of garbage sorting. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Students’ Union 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 单元测试卷 一、单项选择(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分。) 1. We ________ pay attention to building up an environmental-friendly society. A. could B. should C. can D. would 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：我们应该重视建设环境友好型社会。A. could能够（表示能力或可能性）；B. should应该（表示建议或责任）；C. can能够（表示能力或允许）；D. would将会（表示意愿或过去习惯）。根据“pay attention to building up an environmental-friendly society”可知，此处强调一种责任或建议，因此用情态动词should。故选B。 2. Everyone has the responsibility ________ the garbage. A. to sort B. sorting C. sorts D. sort 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：每个人都有进行垃圾分类的责任。分析句子可知，空处作定语修饰the responsibility，应使用不定式to sort作后置定语。故选A。 3. The ________ air does great harm to people’s health. A. pollution B. polluting C. polluted D. pollute 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查词性与词义辨析。句意：被污染空气对人们的健康有很大危害。A. pollution名词，污染；B. polluting现在分词，正在污染的；C. polluted过去分词，被污染的；D. pollute动词，污染。根据“does great harm to people’s health”的语境可知，这里指的是“被污染的空气”，因此用polluted。故选C。 4. We should ________ the importance of environmental protection. A. get B. control C. heal D. realize 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我们应该认识到环境保护的重要性。A. get得到，获得；B. control控制，管理；C. heal治愈，使康复；D. realize认识到，意识到。根据“the importance of environmental protection”可知，这里指的是要“认识到”或“意识到”这种重要性。故选D。 5. When we go to the supermarket,we had better use the ________ bags instead of the ________ ones. A. cloth; plastic B. clothes; plastic C. plastic; clothing D. plastic; cloth 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词辨析及环保语境。句意：当我们去超市时，我们最好使用布袋而不是塑料袋。cloth布，“cloth bags”指“布袋”，是环保可重复使用的袋子；plastic塑料，“plastic bags”指“塑料袋”，是一次性的、不环保的袋子；clothes衣服；clothing衣物。根据“When we go to the supermarket,we had better use the … bags instead of the … ones.”可知，这里是环保场景，用布袋替代塑料袋是合理的表达。故选A。 6. There are many recyclable waste, such as ________. A. paper and bottles B. cans and light bulbs C. plastics and medicines D. leftovers and household chemicals 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：有很多可回收垃圾，例如纸张和瓶子。 A. paper and bottles纸张和瓶子；B. cans and light bulbs罐子和灯泡；C. plastics and medicines塑料和药品；D. leftovers and household chemicals剩菜和家用化学品。根据常识，纸张和瓶子是典型的可回收物，而灯泡、药品、化学品和剩菜都不属于可回收垃圾。故选A。 7. The ________ can be made into plant food. A. recyclable waste B. kitchen garbage C. harmful waste D. special garbage 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词短语辨析。句意：厨余垃圾可以被制成植物肥料。A. recyclable waste可回收垃圾（主要用于回收再加工，无法制成肥料）；B. kitchen garbage厨余垃圾（包含剩菜、果皮、菜叶等有机物，易腐烂分解，是制作有机植物肥料的核心原料）；C. harmful waste有害垃圾（含有毒有害物质，会污染土壤，不能制作植物肥料）；D. special garbage特种垃圾（如医疗废物、放射性垃圾等，需专业处理，与制作肥料无关）。根据“can be made into plant food”及常识可知，能做成肥料的应该是厨余垃圾，它易腐烂分解，是制作有机植物肥料的核心原料。故选B。 8. The waste metal cans are ________. A. recyclable B. toxic C. reusable D. disposable 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：废金属罐是可回收的。A. recyclable可回收的；B. toxic有毒的；C. reusable可重复使用的；D. disposable一次性的。根据常识，废金属罐的主要特点是可以被回收再加工，recyclable符合语境。故选A。 9. It was through Chen Li ________ I got to know Chen Xiao. A. who B. whom C. how D. that 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查强调句型。句意：我是通过陈丽认识陈晓的。分析句子结构可知，本句为强调句型，其结构为“It is /was +被强调部分+ that/who +其他部分”，如果被强调部分是人，则既可以用that也可以用who引导；如果被强调部分是物或其他情况，则只能用that引导。本句中被强调部分为介词短语“through Chen Li”，所以只能用that引导。故选D。 10. It was in the rice fields ________ we had our league meeting. A. where B. that C. in which D. on which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查强调句型。句意：正是在稻田里，我们参加了联盟会议。强调句的结构是“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分”；在这个句子中，被强调的部分是地点状语“in the rice fields”，所以用“that”。故选B。 11. It was on October 1st ________ new China was founded. A. which B. when C. as D. that 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查强调句型。句意：新中国是在 10 月 1 日成立的。依据强调句型“It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他部分”，本题强调时间状语“on October 1st”，需用 that来构成强调句型。故选D。 12. ________ Sara who called the manager just now. A. That was B. She was C. It was D. It is 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查强调句型。句意：刚才是萨拉给经理打的电话。根据“…Sara who called the manager just now.”可知，这是“It is/was+被强调部分+who/that+其他”的强调句型，用来强调句子的主语Sara，且根据谓语called是过去式可知是描述过去情况，空处需用It was。故选C。 13. I would play with the ________ flowers in the stream. A. fallen B. falling C. fall D. fell 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我会在小溪里玩那些飘落的花。分析句子可知，空处作定语修饰名词flowers，且空处动作表示已经完成，应使用过去分词fallen。故选A。 14. I saw ________ fish swimming through the clear water. A. thousands B. thousand of C. thousands of D. thousand 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查数词。句意：我看到成千上万的鱼在清澈的水里游。thousand 表示“千”，有两种常用用法：前面有具体数字时，用单数形式；表示 “成千上万的” 不确定数量时，要用thousands of的固定搭配。故选C。 15. It was until now that I realized the importance of ________ the environment. A. protect B. to protect C. protecting D. protection 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：直到现在我才意识到保护环境的重要性。分析句子可知，此处用法为the importance of这个结构，意为“……的重要性”，后面需要跟名词或动名词，作介词of的宾语，根据空后接名词短语“the environment”，应用动名词protecting。故选C。 16. It is time we ________ action for future generations! A. took B. to take C. take D. will take 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：是我们为子孙后代采取行动的时候了！分析句子可知，此处用法为It is time (that) ... 这个句型，意为“该是做某事的时候”，从句需要使用虚拟语气，动词用一般过去时或should + 动词原形，故用took。故选A。 17. We should save water and ________ the best use of it. A. have B. to have C. make D. to make 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和并列结构。句意：我们应该节约用水，并充分利用它。固定短语make the best use of意为“充分利用”，为英语固定搭配；句中and连接两个并列谓语动词，前为should save，后需用动词原形，无需加to。故选C。 18. At the same time, trees should be planted as ________ as possible. A. much B. many C. more D. most 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词原级。句意：同时，应该尽可能多地种树。 A. much许多（修饰不可数名词）；B. many许多（修饰可数名词复数）；C. more更多（much/many 的比较级）； D. most最多（much/many的最高级）。“as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as possible”是固定结构，意为“尽可能……”。句中trees是可数名词复数，需要用many修饰。故选B。 19 Earth Hour is a global event held ________ the last Saturday of March every year. A. in B. / C. at D. on 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查介词辨析。句意：“地球一小时”是一项全球性的活动，每年三月的最后一个周六举行。A. in后接年、月、季节、世纪朝代等 ；B. /不填；C. at后接具体时刻；D. on后接具体某一天或某一天的早中晚等。根据“the last Saturday of March”可知，是确定到具体某天（周六），需用介词on。故选D。 20. It seemed to be a dark world when the lights are ________. A. turned off B. turned down C. turned up D. turned on 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：当灯被关掉时，这仿佛成了一个黑暗的世界。A. turned off关掉；B. turned down调小；拒绝；C. turned up调大；出现；D. turned on打开。根据“a dark world”可知，空处应表达“灯被关掉”。故选A。 二、完形填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。) April 22 is Earth Day. Everyone on earth should ____21____ about and protect the earth! The earth has warmed by about 1℉(华氏度) over the past 100 years, but why and how? Well, scientists are not quite sure. Maybe the earth gets warmer and warmer ____22____ its own. But many scientists say that people are doing many things which make the earth ____23____. First, greenhouse effect is a very important ____24____ for the change of the earth. People ____25____ too much energy into the air every year. It makes the earth warmer. Climate change is another important reason. Sometimes it becomes too hot and sometimes too cold. Sometimes there is too ____26____ rain and sometimes too little. The change of the climate makes the earth warmer. In turn, the warmth of the earth changes the climate, too. When the earth becomes warmer, there may be more rain and a ____27____ in sea level. It will affect the growth of ____28____, animals and people. On a Pacific island, 100 people have to move to higher ground because the sea is rising. These people can ____29____ live on the coast. Before that, two islands without people went underwater in 1999. Scientists say that the seas can rise by nearly one metre by 2100. People can affect the earth’s air, land and ____30____. As for us, we can do many things to protect the earth. For example, we can use fridges less. We can tell more people about protecting the earth. 21. A. care B. save C. talk D. walk 22. A. in B. at C. on D. by 23. A. warm B. warmer C. cold D. colder 24. A. reason B. truth C. promise D. idea 25. A. hand out B. pick out C. take out D. give out 26. A. many B. much C. more D. most 27. A. rise B. reduce C. raise D. decrease 28. A. river B. insects C. plants D. grass 29. A. not any more B. not any longer C. no more D. no longer 30. A. birds B. water C. sand D. sky 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇关于环保主题的说明文。文章以地球日引出地球变暖的话题，分析了地球变暖的原因以及带来的影响，最后呼吁人们采取行动保护地球。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：地球上的每个人都应该关心和保护地球！A. care关心；B. save拯救；C. talk谈论；D. walk走路。根据“about and protect the earth”以及常识可知，此处表示关心和保护地球，care about意为“关心”，是固定搭配，符合语境。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：也许地球会越来越热，最终由它自己决定。A. in在……里面；B. at在；C. on在……上面；D. by通过，由。分析句子可知，此处用法为on one’s own是固定短语，意为“独自地，靠自己”，符合语境。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但许多科学家说，人们正在做许多事情使地球变暖。A. warm温暖的；B. warmer更温暖的；C. cold寒冷的；D. colder更寒冷的。根据前文地球变暖以及but表示转折，结合后文提到人们的一些行为，可知这里是说人们做的事是想让地球变暖，用比较级warmer。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先，温室效应是地球变化的一个非常重要的原因。A. reason原因；B. truth真相；C. promise承诺；D. idea想法。根据“for the change of the earth”可知，温室效应是地球变化的原因。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：人们每年向空气中释放太多能量。A. hand out分发；B. pick out挑选；C. take out取出；D. give out释放，发出。根据“too much energy into the air”可知，人们是向空气中释放能量。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时太热，有时太冷。有时雨太多，有时雨太少。A. many许多，修饰可数名词；B. much许多，修饰不可数名词；C. more更多；D. most最多。根据“Sometimes there is too … rain and sometimes too little.”可知，此处用too much修饰不可数名词rain，表示雨太多。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当地球变暖时，可能会有更多的降雨和海平面上升。A. rise上升；B. reduce减少；C. raise举起；D. decrease减少。根据“When the earth becomes warmer”以及常识可知，地球变暖会导致海平面上升，rise是不及物动词，符合语境。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它将影响植物、动物和人类的生长。A. river河流；B. insects昆虫；C. plants植物；D. grass草。根据“animals and people”以及常识可知，地球变暖会影响植物、动物和人类的生长，plants符合语境。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查短语辨析。句意：这些人不能再住在海岸上了。A. not any more不再，次数上不再；B. not any longer不再，时间上不再；C. no more不再，一般置于数词或副词之后；D. no longer不再，置于实义动词前，be动词、助动词、情态动词之后。根据“On a Pacific island, 100 people have to move to higher ground because the sea is rising.”可知，因为海平面上升，这些人不能再住在海岸上了，no longer符合语境，修饰动词live。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们可以影响地球的空气、土地和水。A. birds鸟；B. water水；C. sand沙子；D. sky天空。根据“As for us, we can do many things to protect the earth.”以及前文提到的各种影响可知，人们可以影响地球的空气、土地和水，water符合语境。故选B。 三、阅读理解(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。) A I’m sure you all know how important recycling is.Recycling is when you take old things and turn them into new things. It sounds like magic. But it’s actually very scientific. Materials The first thing you have to do is to collect items that can be recycled. Only certain materials can be recycled. These include things made out of paper, metal, glass and plastic. Daily Things Can you think of everyday items made of these materials? Soda cans are good example. They are made out of metal. Magazines and newspaper are made out of paper. So are cereal boxes(麦片盒). Some bottles of juice are made out of glass. Bags and yogurt containers are made out of plastic. There are many things that can be recycled. Loop(环) These things are usually stamped with the recycling loop. It has 3 arrows that go in a triangular(三角形的) circle. This shows that cycle(循环) continues. Items are thrown away but continue their lives as something else. Process Let’s go back to the process of recycling. The items are put in a recycling bin. A truck carries the items to a recycling plant. The materials are separated and squashed(被压扁成) into square cubes. Companies buy and turn them into new products. 31. What is recycling according to the passage? A. It’s a magic performance. B. It’s a way of burning old things. C. It’s a way to make old things useful. D. It’s a scientific research 32. Which material is NOT mentioned in the passage? A. Rubber. B. Metal. C. Glass. D. Plastic. 33. You can put your old things into a recycling bin EXCEPT ________. A. soda cans B. magazines C. cereal boxes D. all bottles 34. The 3 arrows show that the items ________. A. have some valuable stamps B. are in a triangle circle C. can be recycled and reused D. are thrown away 35. The passage is mainly about ________. A. recyclable materials B. recyclable daily things C. the recycling process D. recycling in a scientific way 【答案】31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了回收利用的定义、可回收材料、日常物品、回收标志及回收流程。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句“Recycling is when you take old things and turn them into new things. (回收利用就是把旧物品变成新物品的过程。)”可知，回收是把旧物变成新物的过程，也就是让旧物重新变得有用的方法。故选C。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据Materials部分“These include things made out of paper, metal, glass and plastic. (这些包括纸、金属、玻璃和塑料制成的物品。)”可知，文中提到了纸、金属、玻璃和塑料，没有提到橡胶。故选A。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据Daily Things部分“Soda cans ... Magazines and newspaper ... cereal boxes ... Some bottles of juice ... Bags and yogurt containers (汽水罐……杂志和报纸……麦片盒……一些果汁瓶……袋子和酸奶盒)”可知，汽水罐、麦片盒、杂志都在可回收范围内，但文中只说一些果汁瓶是玻璃制可回收的，并非“所有瓶子”都可以回收。故选D。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据Loop部分“This shows that cycle continues. Items are thrown away but continue their lives as something else. (这表明循环仍在继续。物品虽然被丢弃了，但会以其他形式获得新生。)”可知，三个箭头组成的标志表示物品可以被回收再利用。故选C。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。文章从定义、材料、日常物品、标志到流程，全面介绍了回收的相关知识，而不仅仅是材料或流程。因此，最适合的标题是以科学的方式回收利用。故选D。 B Do you want to make our city a better place? Join us and volunteer together! Planting Trees Planting trees is a great way to make the air fresher and make our city greener. If you’re over 12 years old, come and help us to plant more trees in Zhongshan Park. Let’s meet at the east gate of the park at 8:30 a.m. this Saturday. You’d better wear sports shoes. Repainting Walls The buildings covered with graffiti(涂鸦) are terrible. This Sunday, we are going to repaint the walls of Jiefang Street and make them clean again. Anyone who is over ten can join us. Please arrive at No.18 Jiefang Street at 9:30 a.m. You needn’t bring any tools. Just remember to wear old clothes. Collecting Rubbish You can hang out with your friends in the park and clean up our city parks at the same time. We are going to collect rubbish at Wulin Square from 9:30 a.m to 11:30a.m. next Saturday. No matter how old you are, come and join us. Anyone who collects the most rubbish can get a gift for fun. 36. According to the passage, you can volunteer to ________ if you are ten. A. plant trees B. repaint walls C. collect rubbish D. help others 37. Volunteers need to ________ if they plan to repaint walls according to the passage. A. bring painting tools B. wear old clothes C. know how to paint D. paint well 38. Where will volunteers collect rubbish next Saturday? A. In Zhongshan Park. B. On Jiefang Street. C. At Wulin Square. D. In the school. 39. Volunteers who want to collect rubbish should meet at Wulin Square ________. A. at 8:30 a.m.this Sunday B. at 9:30 a.m.this Saturday C. at 9:30 a.m.next Saturday D. at 11:30 a.m.next Saturday 40. According to the passage, we can know that ________. A. we can plant trees to improve the environment B. we can make buildings cool and interesting with graffiti C. anyone can get a gift if he or she helps to collect rubbish D. if you are sixteen years old, you can’t volunteer to collect rubbish 【答案】36. C 37. B 38. C 39. C 40. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三项城市志愿活动：植树、粉刷墙壁和收集垃圾，包含活动内容、时间、地点和参与要求。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据Collecting Rubbish部分的“No matter how old you are, come and join us. (无论你多大，都可以来加入我们。)”可知， 10岁可以参加收集垃圾的志愿活动。故选C。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据Repainting Walls部分的“Just remember to wear old clothes. (记得穿旧衣服。)”可知，粉刷墙壁的志愿者需要穿旧衣服。故选B。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据Collecting Rubbish部分的“We are going to collect rubbish at Wulin Square. (我们将在武林广场收集垃圾。)”可知，下周六志愿者会在武林广场收集垃圾。故选C。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据Collecting Rubbish部分的“from 9:30 a.m to 11:30a.m. next Saturday (下周六上午9:30到11:30)”可知，收集垃圾的志愿者需要在下周六上午9:30在武林广场集合。故选C。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据Planting Trees部分的“Planting trees is a great way to make the air fresher and make our city greener. (植树是让空气更清新、城市更绿意盎然的好方法。)”可知，植树可以改善环境。故选A。 C CO2 emissions are warming the planet. They’re also being soaked up by the oceans, and because CO2 is mildly acidic, that’s turning sea water more acidic. Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, ocean acidity has increased by around a quarter. This huge study concludes that some organisms may benefit from this change, but others will be harmed, and all life in the sea will be affected by the resulting shifts in the food web. Baby cod (鳕鱼) appear highly sensitive to the changing ocean chemistry expected this century. The report projects that the number of cod growing to maturity will shrink to just a quarter of the current level. The German-based research programme also indicates that changes brought about by acidification will be made worse by climate change pollution and coastal development. 41. Why can CO2 emissions influence the oceans? A. Because CO2 emissions are warming the planet. B. Because CO2 emissions are soaked up by the oceans. C. Because CO2 emissions is mildly acidic, that’s turning sea water more acidic. D. Because CO2 emissions are harmful to ocean life. 42. The ocean acidity has increased by ________. A. around a quarter B. a quarter C. around a half D. a half 43. All life in the sea will be affected by the resulting shifts in ________. A. climate change B. green house C. the food web D. coastal development 44. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage? A. Water pollution. B. Climate change pollution. C. Coastal development. D. Both B and C. 45. The best title for the passage is ________. A. Ocean Pollution B. CO2 Emissions C. The Effect of CO2 Emissions on Ocean D. Sea Level 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了二氧化碳排放对海洋造成的酸化影响及其后果。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句“They’re also being soaked up by the oceans, and because CO₂ is mildly acidic, that’s turning sea water more acidic. (它们也正被海洋吸收，而且由于二氧化碳呈弱酸性，这使得海水酸性变得更强。)”可知，二氧化碳会影响海洋是因为它本身具有弱酸性，被海洋吸收后会使海水变酸。故选C。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, ocean acidity has increased by around a quarter. (自工业革命开始以来，海洋的酸度已经增加了大约四分之一。)”可知，自工业革命以来，海洋酸度增加了大约四分之一。故选A。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“all life in the sea will be affected by the resulting shifts in the food web (海洋中的所有生物都将受到由此引发的食物网变化的影响)”可知，海洋中的所有生物都会受到食物网变化的影响。故选C。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The German-based research programme also indicates that changes brought about by acidification will be made worse by climate change pollution and coastal development. (这项总部位于德国的研究项目还指出，气候变化污染和沿海开发将加剧由海洋酸化所引发的种种变化。)”可知，文中提到了气候变化污染和沿海开发。故选D。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了二氧化碳排放如何导致海洋酸化，并由此带来一系列影响。因此，最适合的标题是二氧化碳排放对海洋的影响。故选C。 四、完成对话(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。) A Wang Yu: Today I read a book. ____46____ Tina: Yes. ____47____ The air was fresh, the water was clean, the sky was blue, and so on. Wang Yu: ____48____ There is much pollution. Factories in the towns and cities drained waste liquid to the lakes, rivers and seas. Waste gases and factories make the air dirty. Tina: ____49____ More and more animals are disappearing from the earth forever. Wang Yu: People must be immediately to stop pollution. We can do a lot of things to protect our environment. Tina: Yes, we should start from around things. ____50____ A. Once our environment was very beautiful. B. But today, everything is different. C. This book is about our environment is in danger. D. For example, we should use less disposable chopsticks, green travel, and so on. E. At the same time, people are killing more and more animals. 【答案】46. C 47. A 48. B 49. E 50. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一段关于环境问题的对话，讲述了环境从美好到恶化的变化，以及人们可以采取的环保行动。 【46题详解】 根据上一句“Today I read a book. (今天我读了一本书。)”可知，此处应说明这本书内容。选项C“这本书是关于我们的环境正处于危险之中的。”符合语境。故选C。 【47题详解】 根据下一句“The air was fresh, the water was clean, the sky was blue, and so on. (空气清新，河水清澈，天空湛蓝等等。)”可知，此处是在描述过去环境的美好。选项A “曾经我们的环境非常美丽。” 符合语境。故选A。 【48题详解】 根据下一句“There is much pollution. (现在有很多污染。)”可知，此处是在转折说明现在环境的变化。选项B“但如今，一切都不同了。” 符合语境。故选B。 【49题详解】 根据下一句“More and more animals are disappearing from the earth forever. (越来越多的动物正从地球上永远消失。)”可知，此处是在说明动物消失的原因。选项E“与此同时，人们正在杀害越来越多的动物。” 符合语境。故选E。 【50题详解】 根据上一句“Yes, we should start from around things. (是的，我们应该从身边的小事做起。)”可知，此处是在举例说明具体的环保行动。选项D“例如，我们应该少用一次性筷子、绿色出行等等。” 符合语境。故选D。 B 补全对话 A: Where have you been, Mike? I phoned you, but you weren’t in. B: ____51____ A: Why did you go there? B: ____52____ It has made several old people who live nearby sick. A: ____53____ B: Do you think “Greener China” can do something? A: ____54____ I think we should write a letter to the newspaper about the pollution. B: ____55____ It’s our duty to protect the environment. A. Yes, of course. B. Good idea! C. I’ve been to a rubber (橡胶) factory. D. Because I found the factory pouring waste water into the river. E. What should we do to stop it? 【答案】51. C 52. D 53. E 54. A 55. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一则关于环境污染及应对措施的对话。 【51题详解】 根据问句“Where have you been, Mike? (迈克，你去哪儿了？)”可知，此处应是回答去了哪里，选项C“我去了一家橡胶厂。”符合语境。故选C。 【52题详解】 根据问句“Why did you go there? (你为什么去那儿？)”可知，此处应是回答原因，选项D“因为我发现那家工厂在往河里排放废水。”符合语境。故选D。 【53题详解】 根据下文“Do you think “Greener China” can do something? (你觉得“绿色中国”组织能做点什么吗？)”可知，此处应是询问关于阻止污染的办法，选项E“我们该做些什么来阻止这种情况呢？”符合语境。故选E。 【54题详解】 根据问句“Do you think “Greener China” can do something? (你觉得“绿色中国”组织能做点什么吗？)”和下文“I think we should write a letter to the newspaper about the pollution. (我觉得我们应该给报社写封信，反映一下污染问题。)”可知，此处应是对一般疑问句进行肯定回答，选项A“是的，当然能。”符合语境。故选A。 55题详解】 根据上文“I think we should write a letter to the newspaper about the pollution. (我觉得我们应该给报社写封信，反映一下污染问题。)”可知，此处应是赞同对方的想法，选项B“好主意！”符合语境。故选B。 五、词义配对(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。) 词义配对 ____56____ disappear ____57____ dustbin ____58____ heal ____59____ realize ____60____ recycle ____61____ toxic ____62____ waste ____63____ restore ____64____ impact ____65____ reduce A.治愈 B.有毒的 C.消失 D.修复 E.回收再利用 F.意识到 G.垃圾桶 H.浪费 I.影响 J.减少 【答案】56. C 57. G 58. A 59. F 60. E 61. B 62. H 63. D 64. I 65. J 【解析】 【56题详解】 考查动词词义。disappear：消失。故选C。 【57题详解】 考查名词词义。dustbin：垃圾桶。故选G。 【58题详解】 考查动词词义。heal：治愈。故选A。 【59题详解】 考查动词词义。realize：意识到。故选F。 【60题详解】 考查动词词义。recycle：回收再利用。故选E。 【61题详解】 考查形容词词义。toxic：有毒的。故选B。 【62题详解】 考查动词或名词词义。waste：浪费。故选H。 【63题详解】 考查动词词义。restore：修复。故选D。 【64题详解】 考查名词或动词词义。impact：影响。故选I。 【65题详解】 考查动词词义。reduce：减少。故选J。 六、选词填空(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分。) 选词填空 A. is wasting B. environmental C. reusable D. recycle E. generated Waste sorting can help divide the ____66____ waste from the rest. And there are two reasons for doing this. Firstly, the earth is limited in its natural resources, and many products are made from finite resources, which cannot be ____67____ by nature in a short period of time. Simply dumping this kind of products ____68____ resources. Secondly, some part of the waste is of value. To reuse and ____69____ this kind of waste is to save resources to a large extent, which also contributes to ____70____ protection. 【答案】66. C 67. E 68. A 69. D 70. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主题是垃圾分类的意义。 【66题详解】 考查形容词。句意：垃圾分类有助于将可回收垃圾与其他垃圾区分开。分析句子可知，空格处需要一个形容词修饰名词waste。 题目所给形容词“reusable (可回收的)”符合句意，reusable waste指可回收垃圾。故选C。 【67题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：地球的自然资源是有限的，许多产品是用有限的资源制成的，而这些资源在短时间内无法被自然再生。分析句子可知，which指代finite resources，与动词是被动关系，此处表示被再生，题目所给动词“generated (使形成，产生)”符合句意。故选E。 【68题详解】 考查现在进行时。句意：简单地丢弃这类产品就是在浪费资源。 分析句子可知，此处是动名词作主语，空处作谓语，表示正在进行的动作，时态为现在进行时，结构为：is /am /are +现在分词，题目所给动词“is wasting (正在浪费)”符合句意。 故选A。 【69题详解】 考查动词。句意：再利用和回收这类垃圾在很大程度上是为了节约资源。分析句子可知，“to reuse and ...”是并列结构，需要一个动词原形，题目所给动词“recycle (回收)”符合句意。故选D。 【70题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这也有助于环境保护。分析句子可知，此处是固定搭配environmental protection意为“环境保护”。题目所给形容词“environmental (环境的) ”符合句意。故选B。 七、英汉互译(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分。) 71. 纸和电池是可回收垃圾，但是电池是有害垃圾。(recyclable, harmful) __________________________________________________ 【答案】Paper and batteries are recyclable waste, but batteries are harmful waste. 【解析】 【详解】考查并列句。根据句意和提示词可知，本句是一个并列句。纸和电池：Paper and batteries，作主语；are：是，作谓语；可回收垃圾：recyclable waste，作表语；但是：but，连词，连接并列句；电池：batteries，作主语；有害垃圾：harmful waste，作表语。故本句译为：Paper and batteries are recyclable waste, but batteries are harmful waste. 72. 直到现在我才意识到保护环境的重要性。(not until ...) _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It was not until now that I realized the importance of protecting the environment. 【解析】 【详解】考查强调句型。分析句子结构可知，这里用了强调句型“It was not until+时间+that+其他”，句子陈述过去情况，用一般过去时。现在：now，时间，被强调部分；意识到：realized；保护环境的重要性：the importance of protecting the environment是固定表达。故本句译为：It was not until now that I realized the importance of protecting the environment. 73. 关于垃圾分类的讲座将于下周三举行。（garbage sorting, lecture） __________________________________________________ 【答案】A lecture about garbage sorting will be held next Wednesday. 【解析】 【详解】考查陈述句。根据句意和提示词可知，本句是一个陈述句。关于垃圾分类的讲座：A lecture about garbage sorting，作主语；将举行：will be held，作谓语；于下周三：next Wednesday，作状语。故本句译为：A lecture about garbage sorting will be held next Wednesday. 74. We should make good use of these recyclable wastes instead of throwing them away. __________________________________________________ 【答案】我们应该好好利用这些可回收垃圾，而不是把它们扔掉。 【解析】 【详解】考查陈述句。We：我们，作主语；should make good use of these recyclable wastes：应该好好利用这些可回收垃圾，其中should make good use of作谓语，these recyclable wastes作宾语；instead of throwing them away：而不是把它们扔掉，作状语。故本句译为：我们应该好好利用这些可回收垃圾，而不是把它们扔掉。 75. Going green is a great way to help protect the environment. __________________________________________________ 【答案】绿色环保是帮助保护环境的一个好方法。 【解析】 【详解】考查一般现在时及非谓语动词。句意：绿色环保是帮助保护环境的一个好方法。Going green：绿色环保；践行环保，在句中作主语。is：系动词作谓语；a great way ：一个好方法，作表语；to help protect the environment.：帮助保护环境，不定式作后置定语。故本句译为：绿色环保是帮助保护环境的一个好方法。 八、书面表达(本大题共10分。) 76. 每年的6月5日是世界环境日，保护环境是全人类共同的目标。今年的世界环境日即将到来，假设你是学生会主席李华，请你以学生会的名义写一份60词左右的倡议书，呼吁大家做好垃圾分类，用自己的实际行动去保护身边的环境，保护我们赖以生存的家园。 提示： (1)活动目的； (2)垃圾的具体分类； (3)垃圾分类意义并呼吁全体学生一起参加。 注意：倡议书的开头和结尾已经给出，但不计入总词数。 Key words: sort out, dustbin, recyclable waste, kitchen garbage, harmful. Dear fellow students, To protect the environment, our school will set up a program of garbage sorting. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Students’ Union 【答案】例文： Dear fellow students, To protect the environment, our school will set up a program of garbage sorting. As we all know, different kinds of garbage are required to be sorted out and placed in different dustbins. Paper and bottles are recyclable waste, which can be recycled, while kitchen garbage and leaves can be collected together. The harmful things such as medicines and used batteries should not be mixed with other wastes. By sorting garbage efficiently, we will be able to save resources and reduce waste. Let’s work together for protecting the environment! The Students’ Union 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。李华是学生会主席，他要以世界环境日为契机写一篇垃圾分类的倡议书，旨在呼吁同学们通过垃圾分类保护校园环境。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 分类：sort out → classify 垃圾桶：dustbin → trash can 可回收垃圾：recyclable waste → recyclable rubbish 有害的：harmful → poisonous 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To protect the environment, our school will set up a program of garbage sorting. 拓展句：As World Environment Day is approaching, our school will set up a program of garbage sorting to protect our environment. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】As we all know, different kinds of garbage are required to be sorted out and placed in different dustbins. (运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型 2】 Paper and bottles are recyclable waste, which can be recycled, while kitchen garbage and leaves can be collected together.  (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $