Unit 3 2 教材原文助读6 -（配套课件）【学霸笔记·同步精讲 教材助读 语基默写】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册（外研版）

该高中英语课件围绕富兰克林闪电实验，涵盖词汇积累、语法解析及科学探究内容。通过人物小传和实验故事导入，从词汇（如experiment, conduct）到课文理解，再到语法点（宾语从句、虚拟语气）逐步深入，辅以注释和翻译构建学习支架。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过分析实验真实性引导学生质疑（如讨论“触摸钥匙是否会触电身亡”），结合词汇（proof, scientific approach）和语法讲解提升语言运用能力，渗透科学探索精神培养文化意识。学生能提升批判性思维和语言能力，教师可借助系统资源优化教学。

教材原文助读6　 ①experiment [Ik'sperImənt] n．(科学)实验 vi.做实验 ②lightning ['laItnIŋ] n. 闪电 a flash of lightning一道闪电 [第一部分　教材助读] ③introduce vt.[熟词生义]使初次了解；使尝试 introduce sb. to sth. 使某人初次了解某事/物 ④fiction ['fIkʃ(ə)n] n. [C，U] 虚构的事，想象的事；[U] 小说 ⑤fly a kite放风筝 ⑥tie...to...将……系 在……上 [第一部分　教材助读] ⑦metal ['metl] n．[C，U]金属 ⑧attach [ə'tætʃ] v．系，绑；贴 ⑨conduct [kən'dʌkt] v. 传导(热、电) ⑩an electric shock触电；电击 ⑪be amazed by/at... 对……感到惊奇 [第一部分　教材助读] ⑫bravery ['breIvəri] n．[U] 勇敢；勇气 brave adj.勇敢的；无畏的　 ⑬scientific [ˌsaIən'tIfIk] adj.科学(上)的 a scientific approach 一种科学方法 ⑭approach to (doing) sth.(做)某事的方法　 [第一部分　教材助读] ⑮along with...与……一起 ⑯establish the truth证实真相 establish [I'stæblIʃ] vt.[熟词生义] 证实；确定 ⑰contribute [kən'trIbjuːt] vt.促成，造成(常与to搭配) ⑱entirely [In'taIəli] adv.完全地，彻底地 ⑲take place发生(指按计划发生的事，不用于被动语态)；举行 [第一部分　教材助读] ⑳die from...死于…… ㉑accepted ideas被人接受的观点 ㉒come up with提出，想出 (解决方案等)，相当于put forward　 ㉓gravity ['ɡrævIti] n．[U] 重力，引力 ㉔account [ə'kaʊnt] n．[C] 记述，描述 [第一部分　教材助读] ㉕proof [pruːf] n．[U，C]证明，证据 proof of...……的证明 There is no proof that... 没有证据表明…… ㉖admittedly [əd'mItIdli] adv.(尤用于句首)诚然；无可否认 ㉗spirit of scientific exploration科学探索精神 [第一部分　教材助读] [人物小传] 本杰明·富兰克林(Benjamin Franklin, 1706～1790)，美国政治家、物理学家，同时也是出版商、印刷商、记者、作家、慈善家，更是杰出的外交家及发明家。他是美国独立战争时期重要的领导人之一，参与了多项重要文件的草拟，并出任过美国驻法国大使，成功促成法国支持美国独立。本杰明·富兰克林曾经进行过多项关于电的实验，并发明了避雷针，还最早提出电荷守恒定律。法国经济学家杜尔哥对其高度评价道：“他从苍天那里取得了雷电，从暴君那里取得了民权。” [第一部分　教材助读] FRANKLIN'S EXPERIMENT①： How Much Is True? Benjamin Franklin's famous experiment with lightning② has introduced③ generations of children to science. However, [1]new research suggests that the story may be fiction④ instead of fact． [1]此处为that引导的宾语从句，suggest在此意为“表明、暗示”，从句使用陈述语气。 [第一部分　教材助读] The well-known story is [2]that the American Founding Father and scientist flew a kite⑤ during a storm in 1752. At that time, there was much interest in electricity. People wanted to know if lightning was really produced by electricity or something else. Franklin was [2]此处为that引导的表语从句。 [第一部分　教材助读] one of them. He raised the kite [3]with a piece of string tied to⑥ it. A metal⑦ key was attached⑧ to the string. A flash of lightning hit the kite, and electricity was conducted⑨ through the string to the key. Franklin then touched the key with his finger and got an electric shock⑩. This, he said, proved that lightning was a form of electricity. [3]此处为“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构；a piece of string与tie之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词作宾语补足语。 [第一部分　教材助读] For many years, schools have taught the story of Franklin's lightning experiment. [4]More than one generation of schoolchildren has been amazed by⑪ his bravery⑫ and his scientific⑬ approach to looking⑭ for the truth. Franklin, along with⑮ many other scientists, has inspired us and taught us that scientific experiments are important in order to establish the truth⑯ and to contribute⑰ towards later scientific discoveries and inventions. [4]此处为“more than one＋可数名词单数”结构，意为“不止一个……”，其作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。 [第一部分　教材助读] However, [5]neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely⑱ true. [6]Although it has been proved that Franklin's experiment took place⑲， more than one scientist has questioned what really happened. [5]此处为“neither...nor...”结构，意为“既不……，也不……”，连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数遵循“就近一致”原则。 [6]本句中Although引导让步状语从句；“what really happened”为what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作主语。 [第一部分　教材助读] The detail about the string and the key is true. But scientists all agree that [7]if Franklin had actually touched the key, he would certainly have died from⑳ the electric shock． [7]此处为if虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反的情况。 [第一部分　教材助读] Scientists often question accepted ideas㉑ because they want to establish the facts. Some have even questioned the story about the apple that fell on Newton's head and led him to come up with㉒ his theory of gravity㉓. [8]In fact, more than one account㉔ suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple, there is no proof㉕ that it hit him on the head. [8]本句中“that while...head”为that引导的宾语从句，该从句中while引导让步状语从句，“that it hit him on the head”为that引导的同位语从句，解释说明proof的内容。 [第一部分　教材助读] Admittedly㉖， fiction is often more interesting than the truth. People have been more inspired by Franklin's spirit of scientific exploration㉗ than by the facts themselves. But in science, facts should be proved by experiments and research, and we [9]should not always believe everything we read or hear—[10]even if it is a great story． [9]此处为部分否定。 [10]此处为even if引导的让步状语从句。 [第一部分　教材助读] 富兰克林的实验： 有多少是真的？ 本杰明·富兰克林有关闪电的著名实验使几代儿童初次了解了科学。然而，新的研究表明，这一故事可能只是杜撰的，而非事实。 [第一部分　教材助读] 这位美国开国元勋兼科学家在1752年的一场暴风雨中放风筝的故事可谓家喻户晓。在那时，人们对电的兴趣浓厚，想知道闪电是否真的由电或其他东西产生。富兰克林就是其中之一。他在风筝上系了一根绳子，然后将其放飞。绳子上绑着一把金属钥匙。一道闪电击中了风筝，电通过绳子传导至钥匙上。随后富兰克林用手指触摸钥匙，遭到了电击。他说，这证明闪电是电的一种形式。 [第一部分　教材助读] 很多年以来，学校都会讲授富兰克林的闪电实验。他的勇敢和寻求真理的科学方法使几代学生惊叹不已。富兰克林与许多其他科学家一起激励了我们，并教会我们无论是为了证实真相，还是为了促成日后的科学发现和发明，科学实验非常重要。 然而，这个故事以及实验的细节都不完全真实。尽管有人证明富兰克林的实验发生了，但不止一名科学家对其真实情况提出过质疑。绳子和钥匙相关的细节是真的。但是科学家们一致认为，如果富兰克林真的触摸了钥匙，他肯定会因触电而身亡。 [第一部分　教材助读] 科学家经常会质疑已被人接受的观点，因为他们想要证实真相。一些科学家甚至质疑过牛顿的故事：一个苹果掉落在了牛顿的头上，促使他提出了万有引力定律。事实上，不止一种说法表明，虽然牛顿确实受到了掉落的苹果的启发，但没有证据表明这个苹果砸在了他的头上。 无可否认，虚构的故事往往比事实更加有趣。人们从富兰克林的科学探索精神受到的启发远胜于事实本身。但是，在科学领域，事实应通过实验和研究证明，我们不应该总是相信我们读到或听到的任何事情——即使那是一个了不起的故事。 [第一部分　教材助读] $