UNIT 2 Period 4 Reading for Writing-（配套教参）【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册（人教版）

本讲义聚焦寓言故事的阅读与写作核心知识点，通过词汇匹配、阅读策略（体裁识别、结构分析、主旨与细节理解）、语篇填空、语法讲解（独立主格、neither...nor...等）及写作应用，构建从基础积累到综合运用的递进式学习支架。 该资料特色在于融合语言能力（系统词汇、语法训练）、思维品质（语篇结构分析如人物-经历-情感表格）和学习能力（写作背诵点），例如通过梳理寓言中不同人物的反应培养分析能力，语篇填空强化语言运用，课中辅助教师教学，课后助力学生巩固知识、弥补盲点。

Period 4　Reading for Writing 　《教材助读＋语基默写》见分册本 1．accident　　 A．able to change to suit new conditions or situations 2．operation B．a series of connected things or people 3．whisper C．the top part of your legs that forms a flat surface when you are sitting down 4．lap D．an unpleasant event, that happens unexpectedly and causes injury or damage 5．chain E．to hurt or injure sb. or to damage sth. 6．harm F．the money that a person, a region, a country, etc. earns from work, from investing money, from business, etc. 7．flexible G．the process of cutting open a part of a person's body in order to remove or repair a damaged part 8．income H．to speak very quietly to sb. so that other people cannot hear what you are saying 答案：1～5.DGHCB　6～8.EAF Activity 1　Reading for Genre and Structure 1．Genre：____________ A.News Report (新闻报道). B.Argumentation (议论文). C.Fable (寓言故事). 答案：C 2．Structure and Clues： Person Experience Emotion Response A milkman crashed into the stone angry went away A woman with a pot of water on her head tripped over the stone　 (1)sad (2)limped__away__in__tears　 Other villagers (3)complained__about__the__stone indifferent didn't make an attempt to move the stone A young girl succeeded in moving the stone to the side of the street and saw the gold coins (4)surprised wanted to find (5)the__owner__of__the__gold__coins Activity 2　Reading for Main Idea What does the passage mainly talk about? It mainly talks about a__story__that__a__king__used__a__stone__in__the__way__to__teach__people__to__solve__their__problems__rather__than__complaining． Activity 3　Reading for Details 1．Which of the following is TRUE? A．The king wanted to play a joke on others. B.The group of women moved the stone together. C.The girl had great difficulty moving the stone. D.The milkman knew who put the stone there. 2．What can we infer from the fable? A．The king regretted what he had done. B．The girl and the king found the owner of the gold coins. C．The girl wasn't surprised at the gold coins. D．The king achieved his goal at last. 3．What's the RIGHT order of the fable? ①The king placed a stone in the street. ②A group of women passed it. ③A girl saw the stone and moved it away. ④A milkman crashed into the stone. A．①②③④　　　　　　B．①④②③ C．①②④③ D．④①②③ 4．What did the king mean when he told the girl the gold coins belonged to her? A．He was thankful to her for her help. B．She was the only person to learn the lesson the king had intended to teach his people. C.She should take back the gold coins she had lost. D．He would like to return the gold coins to her. 答案：1～4.CDBB There once lived a king with the belief that a nation 1.whose people only expect others to solve their problems wouldn't have a bright future. Early one morning, the 2.disguised(disguise) king went to a local village. He placed a large stone in the middle of the main street and hid gold coins under the stone. After that, he hid behind a huge maple tree, 3.watching(watch) what would happen. The first person down the street crashed into the stone and 4.angrily(angry) went away. Although several 5.passers-by(passer-by) tripped over the stone, none of them stopped 6.to__move(move) the stone out of the way. Instead, they complained and left the stone where it was. Just as the king was in despair, a young girl came. Though tired out, she managed to move it to the side of the street because she thought the stone was 7.a danger to anyone 8.coming(come) down the street. To her surprise, she saw the gold coins where the stone 9.had__been__placed(place). At that time, the king stepped out 10.from behind the tree, told the girl everything and asked her to keep the coins, for she was worth the award. What inspiration do you draw from the story in this passage? ______________________________________________________ 答案：Open answers. Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记 选出与单词对应的汉语释义 1．lip n.　　　　　 A．力量；威力 2．waitress n. B．跛行；一瘸一拐地走 3．pregnant adj. C．手推车；运货马车 4．disguise vt. D．装扮；假扮；掩盖 5．maple n. E．(餐馆的)女服务员；女侍者 6．cart n. F．寓言；寓言故事 7．spill vt. G．绝望 8．limp vi. H．(使)洒出；(使)溢出 9．despair n. I．枫树；槭树 10．might n. J．怀孕的；妊娠的 11．fable n. K．嘴唇 答案：1～5.KEJDI　6～10.CHBGA　11.F Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词 1．whisper something into his ear在他耳边低语 2．at midnight 在半夜 3．higher import and export costs 较高的进出口成本 4．lie on her mother's lap躺在她妈妈的腿上 5．bite her lip 咬住她的嘴唇 6．the chairman of the board of governors 董事会主席 7．have a bad memory 记忆力差 8．a silver chain 一条银链子 9．stop at a café 在咖啡馆停下来 10．burst into tears 突然哭起来 11．leave the court 离开球场 12．flexible work hours 灵活的工作时间 13．taxable income 应纳税收入 14．60 miles per hour 每小时60英里 Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活 根据提示写出相应的单词 1．accident ['æksIdənt] n．事故；车祸；失事→accidental adj.意外的；偶然的 2．operation [ˌɒpə'reIʃn] n．手术；企业；经营→operate vt.& vi.做手术；经营；操作；运转→operator n．操作员；接线员 3．pole [pəʊl] n．(行星的)极；地极→polar adj.(近)极地的；南极(或北极)的；磁极的 4．assist [ə'sIst] vt.帮助；援助→assistant n．助理；助手→assistance n．帮助；援助 5．harm [hɑːm] n．& vt.伤害；损害→harmful adj.有害的→(反义词)harmless adj.无害的 6．tension ['tenʃn] n．紧张关系；紧张；焦虑→tense adj.神经紧张的；担心的；不能松弛的 Ⅳ.重点短语·再现 根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语 1．To his grief，when he returned home，his grandfather had passed__away(去世). 2．They held a meeting in__memory__of(为了纪念) the famous musician. 3．When people reunite with their loved ones, it's usually a happy moment but most of the time they break down in__tears(流着泪). 4．They gave up in__despair(绝望地) when they couldn't find a solution. 5．We made a__great__deal__of(大量) money，so we decided that it was time to set sail for home. Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现 A.根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1．关系代词引导定语从句 Nothing good can come to a nation whose__people__only__complain__and__expect__others__to__solve__their__problems(其人民只会抱怨，并且总是期待别人来解决他们的问题).(Para.1) [分析]　此句中还含有动词不定式作目的状语。 2．动词-ing形式作结果状语 He crashed into the stone, spilling__the__milk__everywhere(把牛奶洒得到处都是).(Para.3) 3．独立主格结构 After a while, a group of women came along, each__balancing__a__pot__of__water__on__her__head(每个人头上都顶着一罐水).(Para.4) 4．“neither...nor...”意为“既不……也不……” Neither__she__nor__her__friends(她和她的朋友们都没有) thought about moving the stone out of the road. (Para.4) 5．as引导时间状语从句 The king watched all day as__many__people__complained__about__the__stone(当很多人都埋怨这块石头时), but he found nobody making an attempt to move it.(Para.5) [分析]　此句中还含有动词-ing形式作宾语补足语。 B.根据汉语提示并使用以上句式结构完成下面的小短文 Joshua Lionel Cowen, 1.who__was__regarded__as__a__person__full__of__imagination__and__creativity(被认为是一个充满想象力和创造力的人), was born on August 25, 1877 in New York City. When he was 7 years old, he made a wooden toy train and excitedly attempted to attach a little steam engine to it. Unfortunately, the engine suddenly exploded, causing smoke and sent destroyed parts everywhere. But 2.neither__his__family__nor__his__friends__blamed__him(他的家人和朋友都没有责怪他), which encouraged him to continue his exploration. When he was 23, he joined an electric fan company. With intensive efforts, Cowen made another wooden toy train powered by electricity.3.As__the__new__kind__of__toy__train__was__put__on__the__market(当新型玩具火车投入市场时), it gained immediate popularity. Children rushed to the store, 4.their__eyes__shining__with__excitement(他们的眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒). They couldn't wait to take it home, 5.leading__to__the__company's__boom__at__a__surprising__rate(使得公司以惊人的速度蓬勃发展). As technology advanced, Cowen continued to invent novel toys. His dedication, along with his constant innovation, brought a lot of joy to the children throughout the world, 6.making__him__a__renowned__figure__in__the__toy__industry(使他成为玩具业的知名人物). 【层级一　高频词汇诠释】 operation　n.手术；企业；经营 ①(教材P18)During the operation, she sat in the waiting room for over an hour worrying about him. 手术期间，她在候诊室里坐了一个多小时，为他担心。 ②(外研选必四U6) Currently, China operates the world's largest and most powerful radio telescope, the FAST telescope, completed in 2016.　最近，中国操作着世界上最大、功能最强的、于2016年建成的射电望远镜——FAST望远镜。 (1)perform an operation on sb.　给某人做手术 in operation 在运行中；生效 come into operation 开始运作；开始生效 put/bring...into operation 使……开始生效； 使……投入运行 (2)operate vt.& vi. 做手术；经营；操作；运转 operate on... 给……做手术 (3)operator n. 操作员；接线员 单句语法填空/一句多译 (1)Upon seeing the critical condition, the doctor demanded that the patient be operated on at once. (2)As an operator(operate), Rosy has to answer many calls from all over the country every day. (3)We're all ready to put it into operation; in other words, we're going to take action as soon as possible. (4)这家工厂已经运行了五年。 →The factory has__been__in__operation__for__five__years． →The factory came__into__operation__five__years__ago． whisper　vi.& vt.悄声说；耳语；低语　n.耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传 ①(教材P18)I saw her whispering something into his ear, obviously not wanting to be heard. 我看见她在他耳边低声说着什么，显然不想被听见。 ②(北师大必修一U3)“I have something special for you，” Granny whispered. “我有个特别的东西送给你，”奶奶小声说。 (1)whisper sth. to sb.　　　　悄悄告诉某人某事 It is/was whispered that... 有人私下说……； 据秘密传闻…… (2)in whispers/a whisper 低声地 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)“They arrived two minutes before you，” she said in a whisper. (2)He whispered a joke to his friend and they both laughed. (3)(外研选必一U1)那人在狮子耳边低声说了些什么，然后狮子摇摇头，不高兴地走开了。 The man whispered__something__in__the__lion's__ear,__after which the lion shook its head and walked away unhappily. (4)有人私下说，他在秘密地为一场大型竞赛做准备。 It__is__whispered__that he is secretly preparing for a big competition. harm　n.& vt.伤害；损害 ①(教材P20)Is there no one in this village who feels any responsibility to keep their neighbours from harm? 难道这个村子里没有人觉得自己有责任不让他们的邻居受到伤害吗？ ②(外研必修一U6) These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish, some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops. 这些梯田也为鸟类和鱼类提供了一个完美的环境，它们中的一些以伤害水稻作物的昆虫为食。 ③(译林必修一U4) These so-called “quick-fix methods” prove to be harmful to teenagers. 这些所谓的“速效法”被证实对青少年是有害的。 (1)do/cause harm to sb./sth. ＝do sb./sth. harm对某人/某物有害 There is no harm in doing sth. 做某事无害。 (2)harmful adj. 有害的 be harmful to... 对……有害 (3)harmless adj. 无害的 单句语法填空/一句多译 (1)There is no harm in giving gifts to children，but they should not be rewards. (2)You needn't worry because this snake is harmless(harm). (3)众所周知，吃太多垃圾食品对你的健康有害。(倡导健康生活) →What is known to us is that eating__too__much__junk__food__is__harmful__to__your__health．(harmful adj.) →It is known to us that eating__too__much__junk__food__does__harm__to__your__health/does__your__health__harm．(harm n．) 背诵点　应用文写作之建议信 a great deal (of)　大量 ①(教材P20)After a great deal of effort, she finally succeeded in moving it to the side of the street. 经过一番努力，她终于成功地把石头推到了路边。 ②(北师大选必三U9) Cloning, however, continues to be an issue that causes a great deal of disagreement and provokes strong emotions. 然而，克隆仍是一个会引起很多争议、激起强烈情绪的问题。 (1)a great deal意为“大量”时，起名词作用，在句中可以作主语、宾语等； (2)a great deal意为“非常、很”时，在句中作状语，可修饰动词或形容词、副词比较级； (3)a great deal of后跟不可数名词。 单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)(译林选必三U4) Wars can cause a great deal of damage to both cultural and natural heritage sites. (2)A great deal of progress has__been__made(make) over the last several decades in health, education and peace. (3)After taking some medicine, he felt a great deal better(good). (4)去年暑假，我去农村和农民一起劳动。通过这种方式，我从他们那里学到了很多东西。(五育并举之劳育) Last summer holiday, I went to the countryside and worked with farmers. In this way, I__learnt__a__great__deal__from__them． 背诵点　应用文写作之暑假生活 【层级二　中频词汇积累】 in memory of　作为对……的纪念 in praise of　　　赞美；歌颂 in honour of 为了纪念；向……表示敬意 in search of 寻找；搜寻 in charge of 负责；主管；掌管 in need of 需要 [微练]——用“in＋n.＋of”的相关短语填空 (1)In__memory__of/In__honour__of the dead in the earthquake, people set up a monument. (2)With the help of her mother，she wrote many poems in__praise__of freedom. (3)The manager in__charge__of the factory is highly thought of in this city. 背诵点　应用文写作之人物介绍 (4)They walked into the forest in__search__of the missing child. in tears　流着泪；含着泪 burst into tears　　　　 突然大哭起来 hold back one's tears 强忍住眼泪 be moved to tears 感动得流泪 be close to tears 快流泪了 [微练]——补全句子 (1)Hearing the news that she failed the maths exam, the girl left__the__classroom__in__tears(含泪离开了教室), saying nothing. (2)Admitted into a key university, the girl was very excited and burst__into__tears(突然哭起来)． (3)She tried her best to hold__back__her__tears(强忍住眼泪) when she parted from her best friend. (4)He was__moved__to__tears(感动得流泪) upon hearing the kind words from his parents. 背诵点　读后续写之情感描写 独立主格结构 ①(教材P20)After a while, a group of women came along, each balancing a pot of water on her head. 过了一会儿，一群妇女走了过来，每个人头上都顶着一罐水。 ②(外研必修三U2) These are among the 669 children, most of them Jewish, that Nicholas Winton will go on to save from death at the hands of the Nazis.　这些是尼古拉斯·温顿将陆续从纳粹分子死亡之手中拯救的669名儿童中的一部分，他们大多数是犹太人。 ③(北师大必修三U7) But Beethoven continued conducting, his head buried in the score. 但贝多芬还埋头于乐谱中，继续指挥着。 (1)该结构通常由“名词或代词＋动词-ing形式或过去分词短语、动词不定式短语、介词短语、副词、名词等”构成； (2)该结构通常用来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随、目的或结果等。 单句语法填空/句式升级 (1)All audience having__taken(take) their seats, the play began. (2)An important lecture to__be__given(give) tomorrow, the headmaster has to stay up late into the night. (3)He was lying on the grass, his hands crossed(cross) under his head. (4)He wept sadly and he buried his face in his hands. →He wept sadly, with__his__face__buried__in__his__hands．(with复合结构) →He wept sadly, his__face__buried__in__his__hands. (独立主格结构) “neither...nor...”意为“既不……也不……” ①(教材P20)Neither she nor her friends thought about moving the stone out of the road. 她和她的朋友们都没想过把石头从道路中间挪开。 ②(外研必修三U3) However, neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely true. 然而，这个故事以及实验的细节都不完全真实。 ③(外研必修一U2) Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple. pineapple(菠萝)里既无pine(松树)亦无apple(苹果)。 (1)“neither...nor...”连接句中两个相同的句子成分。连接主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则； (2)其他遵循“就近一致”原则的表达还有：either...or...(不是……就是……)、not only...but also...(不仅……而且……)、not...but...(不是……而是……)、there be句型。 单句语法填空/句式升级 (1)In my opinion, neither my friend nor my classmates are(be) as positive as Tom. (2)Not only the children but also their coach likes(like) playing football. (3)Either you or I am(be) responsible for this mistake that has caused significant inconvenience to our project. (4)Henry won't see a film tonight. His friend Helen won't, either. →Neither__Henry__nor__his__friend__Helen__will__see__a__film tonight.(neither...nor...)　 Ⅰ.教材语块必备 1．make__an__attempt__to__move__it　　试着把它挪开 2．a__danger__to__anyone 对任何人都是一种危险 3．crash__into__the__stone 撞在石头上 4．after__a__great__deal__of__effort 经过一番努力 5．once__upon__a__time 从前 6．say__to__herself 她自言自语 7．hide__behind__a__huge__maple__tree 躲在一棵大枫 树后面 8．push__the__stone__with__all__her__might 她使出全身力 气去推石头 Ⅱ.品句填词 1．Chinese subway trains are exported to many developed countries. 2．To our sorrow，he had an accident on the way home. 3．The nurse tended the boy so carefully that he recovered from his heart operation soon. 4．She is struggling to bring up a family on a very low income． 5．Someone whispered(小声说) that your nephew had something to do with the crime. 6．I have ever visited some English countries. Therefore(因此), I am very good at spoken English. 7．During a separate observation, she saw that phones became a source of tension(紧张) in the family. 8．He gave me a guarantee that he would manage to find a flexible(灵活的) way. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $