Unit 8 语法讲解及习题：现在完成时（since, for）2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

人教英语八下Unit8语法讲解及习题 现在完成时(since, for) 一、语法概念与用法详解 现在完成时与 since 和 for 搭配,用来表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态,强调动作的“持续性”。 1. 基本结构 肯定句:主语 + have/has + 动词的过去分词(v.-ed) 否定句:主语 + have/has + not + 动词的过去分词 疑问句:How long + have/has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词 + ...? 用法示例 肯定:She has been a volunteer at a nursing home since last August.(她从去年八月起就在养老院做志愿者了。) 疑问:How long have you been a volunteer?(你做志愿者多久了?) 2. since vs for 核心区别 标志词 含义 后面接的内容 例句 since 自从……以来 过去的时间点(如 last week, 2020, I was 10)或一般过去时的句子 He has volunteered here since his summer holidays started.<br/>She has been a volunteer since last August. for 持续了……时间 一段时间(如 three years, a few months, long) One of my friends has volunteered here for a long time.<br/>I have been a volunteer here for a few months. 3. 延续性动词与短暂性动词 现在完成时表“持续”时,必须使用延续性动词,不能用短暂性动词。 短暂性动词 对应延续性动词 例句 join 加入 be a member of / be in I have been a member of the Red Cross for 6 years. I have joined the Red Cross for 6 years. start/begin 开始 be on The class has been on since 9:00. The class has started since 9:00. leave 离开 be away from He has been away from home for a week. He has left home for a week. 二、练习题 基础巩固 用 since 或 for 填空(1-5题) 1. She has been a volunteer _ last August. 2. He has volunteered here _ a long time. 3. I have been a member of the Red Cross _ six years. 4. They have worked here _ 2023. 5. We have known each other _ we were children. 用所给动词的正确形式填空(6-10题) 6. She _ (be) a doctor in UN Peacekeeping for five years. 7. I _ (be) a member of the Red Cross since I joined the organization. 8. Mr Wu _ (teach) in a primary school as a volunteer for two years. 9. The organization _ (train) over 6,000 elderly people since it began in 2023. 10. I _ (work) with a sports organization for almost three years. 能力提升 单项选择 11. —How long have you been a volunteer? —_ a few months. A. Since B. For C. In D. At 12. She has been a volunteer at a nursing home _ last August. A. since B. for C. in D. at 13. He has volunteered here _ his summer holidays started. A. since B. for C. in D. at 14. I have been a member of the Red Cross _ six years. A. since B. for C. in D. at 15. —_ have you worked as a volunteer? —For two years. A. How soon B. How long C. How often D. How far 16. The organization _ over 6,000 elderly people since 2023. A. trains B. trained C. has trained D. is training 17. I _ with a sports organization for almost three years. A. work B. worked C. have worked D. am working 18. He _ a doctor in UN Peacekeeping for five years. A. is B. was C. has been D. will be 19. We _ each other since we were children. A. know B. knew C. have known D. will know 20. She _ here since last month. A. comes B. came C. has come D. has been 21. They _ the Red Cross for six years. A. join B. joined C. have joined D. have been in 22. —How long have you taught here? —_ 2020. A. Since B. For C. In D. At 拓展挑战 句型转换 23. She has been a volunteer for a few months.(对划线部分提问) _ _ has she been a volunteer? 24. He has volunteered here since last summer.(对划线部分提问) _ _ has he volunteered here? 25. I joined the Red Cross six years ago.(用现在完成时改写) I _ _ a member of the Red Cross _ six years. 26. The organization began in 2023. It has trained over 6,000 elderly people.(合并为一句) The organization _ _ over 6,000 elderly people _ it began in 2023. 27. They left home a week ago.(用现在完成时改写) They _ _ _ from home _ a week. 语篇填空(28-35题) I love being a volunteer! I 28. _ (work) with a sports organization for almost three years now. Since I started, I 29. _ (help) out at over ten different sports events. I 30. _ (make) many new friends and I even 31. _ (meet) many famous athletes. For example, I 32. _ (meet) two national football players from Argentina last month. They were at a stadium for a charity match. The stadium 33. _ (be) so big that they 34. _ (get) lost. I gave them directions and they 35. _ (smile) and thanked me warmly. 三、答案与解析 基础巩固(1-10题) 1. since(last August 是时间点,用 since 连接) 2. for(a long time 是时间段,用 for 连接) 3. for(six years 是时间段,用 for 连接) 4. since(2023 是时间点,用 since 连接) 5. since(we were children 是一般过去时句子,用 since 连接) 6. has been(for five years 表持续时间,用现在完成时,be 动词的过去分词为 been) 7. have been(since 引导时间状语,主句用现在完成时) 8. has taught(for two years 表持续,teach 的过去分词为 taught,用现在完成时) 9. has trained(since 2023 表从过去持续到现在,用现在完成时) 10. have worked(for almost three years 表持续,用现在完成时) 能力提升(11-22题) 11. B(a few months 是时间段,用 for 回答“持续多久”) 12. A(last August 是时间点,用 since 引导) 13. A(his summer holidays started 是一般过去时句子,用 since 引导) 14. B(six years 是时间段,用 for 连接) 15. B(询问“持续时间”用 How long) 16. C(since 2023 表持续,用现在完成时) 17. C(for almost three years 表持续,用现在完成时) 18. C(for five years 表持续,用延续性动词 have been) 19. C(since we were children 表持续,用现在完成时) 20. D(since last month 表持续,come 是短暂性动词,需替换为延续性动词 have been) 21. D(for six years 表持续,join 是短暂性动词,需替换为 have been in) 22. A(2020 是时间点,用 since 回答“从……开始”) 拓展挑战(23-35题) 句型转换(23-27题) 23. How long(对时间段“for a few months”提问,用 How long) 24. How long(对持续时间“since last summer”提问,用 How long) 25. have been; for(join 是短暂性动词,替换为 be a member of,用现在完成时 + for 时间段) 26. has trained; since(合并后用 since 引导开始时间,主句用现在完成时) 27. have been away; for(leave 是短暂性动词,替换为 be away from,用现在完成时 + for 时间段) 语篇填空(28-35题) 28. have worked(for almost three years 表持续到现在,用现在完成时) 29. have helped(since I started 表从过去开始持续到现在,用现在完成时) 30. have made(强调持续动作对现在的影响“交到很多朋友”,用现在完成时) 31. have met(强调持续动作对现在的影响“见过很多运动员”,用现在完成时) 32. met(last month 是具体过去时间,表过去发生的动作,用一般过去时) 33. was(描述过去的 stadium 状态,用一般过去时) 34. got(描述过去“迷路”的动作,用一般过去时) 35. smiled(描述过去“微笑”的动作,用一般过去时) ( 1 ) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $