Unit3单词讲解表 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

2026-02-02
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摘要:

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了人教八下Unit3核心词汇,涵盖情感表达、人际交往、压力应对等主题,构建了“核心搭配-重点考点-经典例句”的三阶学习支架,助力学生全面掌握单词用法。 清单通过词义辨析、词形关联等设计呈现完整知识体系,如“lonely与alone”的情感与状态差异对比,“deal with与do with”的用法区分,培养学生语言能力与思维品质。重点标注高频考点如“be proud of”固定搭配,配备情境化例句,不同水平学生可高效学习,教师可直接用于词汇教学与巩固,提升课堂效率。

内容正文:

人教英语八下Unit3单词讲解表 单词 核心搭配 重点考点 经典例句 deal with 处理;对付 deal with problems 处理问题;deal with people 与人打交道;deal with stress 应对压力;deal with difficulties 克服困难 1. 用法:后接名词/代词,表“应对人/事、处理具体问题”,区别于do with(常与what连用,deal with常与how连用);2. 同义短语:cope with(侧重“艰难应对”) How do you deal with the pressure from your studies? 你如何应对学习带来的压力? emotion /ɪˈməʊʃn/ n. 情感;情绪 control one’s emotions 控制情绪;mixed emotions 复杂情绪;express one’s emotions 表达情绪;positive/negative emotions 积极/消极情绪 1. 词义关联:形容词为emotional(情绪化的),副词为emotionally(情感上);2. 用法:可数名词,常用复数形式emotions,泛指“各种情绪” When we are sad, it’s normal to show our negative emotions. 当我们难过时,表现出消极情绪是正常的。 upset /ʌpˈset/ adj. 难过的;沮丧的 be upset about sth 为某事难过;be upset with sb 生某人的气;be upset to do sth 做某事感到沮丧 1. 词性拓展:作动词(/ʌpˈset/),表“使难过、使心烦”,过去式和过去分词均为upset;2. 考点:辨析be upset(情绪上的低落)与be sad(单纯的难过) She was upset to hear that her best friend would move to another city. 听到她最好的朋友要搬到另一个城市,她很沮丧。 lonely /ˈləʊnli/ adj. 孤独的;寂寞的 feel lonely 感到孤独;a lonely boy 一个孤独的男孩;a lonely place 一个偏僻的地方 1. 词义辨析:与alone(adv./adj. 独自的)核心区别——lonely表“情感上的孤独、寂寞”(带消极情绪),alone表“状态上的独自、无人陪伴”(无情绪色彩);2. 易错点:不能说“very lonely”,常用“so lonely”或“really lonely” After his parents went to work, the little boy felt lonely at home. 父母上班后,这个小男孩在家感到很孤独。 shocked /ʃɒkt/ adj. 震惊的 be shocked at sth 对某事感到震惊;be shocked to do sth 做某事感到震惊;be shocked by sb 被某人震惊 1. 词形关联:动词为shock(/ʃɒk/,使震惊),名词为shock(震惊);2. 用法:多用来形容“因意外、可怕的事情而感到震惊”,语气较强 All the students were shocked at the news that their teacher won the national award. 听到他们的老师获得国家级奖项的消息,所有学生都很震惊。 alone /əˈləʊn/ adv. 独自;单独 adj. 独自的 be alone 独自一人;live alone 独自居住;go alone 独自前往;leave sb alone 让某人独处 1. 词义辨析:补充alone作形容词时,只能作表语(不能说an alone boy,要说a boy who is alone),而lonely可作定语和表语;2. 固定短语:leave sb alone = let sb be(别打扰某人) My mother doesn’t let me go to the park alone after dark. 我妈妈不让我天黑后独自去公园。 control /kənˈtrəʊl/ v. & n. 控制 take control of 控制;lose control 失控;control oneself 控制自己;under control 处于控制之下;out of control 失控 1. 词性辨析:作动词/名词均表“控制”,发音相同;2. 考点:常用短语under control(反义词组out of control);3. 用法:control为及物动词,后直接接宾语,无需加介词 We must learn to control our temper when we are angry. 当我们生气时,必须学会控制自己的脾气。 anger /ˈæŋɡə(r)/ n. 怒火 hide one’s anger 掩饰怒火;express anger 表达愤怒;hold back one’s anger 抑制怒火;be full of anger 充满怒火 1. 词形关联:形容词为angry(生气的),副词为angrily(生气地);2. 用法:不可数名词,不能加a/an,表达“一阵怒火”用a burst of anger His father tried to hold back his anger when he saw his bad grades. 看到他糟糕的成绩,他的爸爸努力抑制住了怒火。 advise /ədˈvaɪz/ v. 建议;劝告 advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事;advise doing sth 建议做某事;advise sb against doing sth 建议某人不要做某事;advise sb on sth 就某事给某人建议 1. 词形关联:名词为advice(不可数名词,“建议”),易错点:不能说an advice,要说a piece of advice;2. 考点:advise后接不定式作宾补(sb to do sth),不接doing sth作宾补 Our teacher advises us to read English every morning to improve our pronunciation. 我们老师建议我们每天早上读英语,来提高发音。 hurtful /ˈhɜːtfl/ adj. 伤感情的 hurtful words 伤人的话;hurtful actions 伤感情的行为;a hurtful comment 伤人的评价 1. 词形关联:动词为hurt(伤害,可指身体或情感伤害),过去式和过去分词均为hurt;2. 用法:多用来形容“话语、行为对情感造成的伤害” It’s impolite to say hurtful words to your classmates, even when you are angry. 即使你生气了,对同学说伤人的话也是不礼貌的。 in future 今后;从今以后 无拓展搭配(可与will、should等情态动词连用,表未来的承诺或计划) 1. 用法:表“从现在开始的未来”,强调“以后不再犯同样的错误或改变习惯”;2. 辨析:in future(今后,泛指未来)与in the future(在未来,侧重较远的将来) I made a mistake this time, but in future, I will be more careful with my homework. 这次我犯了错,但今后我会更认真地对待作业。 forgive /fəˈɡɪv/ v. (forgave/forgiven) 原谅 forgive sb for sth 原谅某人某事;forgive sb for doing sth 原谅某人做某事;forgive and forget 原谅并忘记(冰释前嫌) 1. 词形变化:不规则变化,过去式forgave,过去分词forgiven,现在分词forgiving;2. 考点:固定搭配forgive sb for sth,不可说forgive sb sth When my best friend apologized to me, I chose to forgive her for her mistake. 当我最好的朋友向我道歉时,我选择原谅她的错误。 fault /fɔːlt/ n. 过错;责任 it’s one’s fault 是某人的错;find fault with sb 挑剔某人;take the fault 承担过错;one’s own fault 某人自己的错 1. 固定句式:It’s one’s fault that... (……是某人的错),that从句为真正主语;2. 用法:可数名词,“过错、过失”,区别于mistake(“错误”,侧重偶然的失误) It’s not your fault that we missed the bus—there was too much traffic. 我们错过公交车不是你的错,交通太拥堵了。 clear the air 尽释前嫌;消除误会 无拓展搭配(常用have a talk to clear the air,表“通过谈话消除误会”) 1. 用法:固定短语,表“消除人与人之间的误会、矛盾,恢复友好关系”;2. 语境:多用于朋友、家人、同学之间产生矛盾后的和解场景 After arguing for a week, Lucy and Lily had a good talk to clear the air. 争吵了一周后,露西和莉莉好好谈了谈,消除了误会。 present /ˈpreznt/ n. 礼物 adj. 在场的;现在的 give a present 送礼物;receive a present 收到礼物;birthday present 生日礼物;be present at 出席(adj.用法);at present 目前(adj.用法) 1. 词义辨析:作名词(/ˈpreznt/)“礼物”,同义于gift;作形容词(/ˈpreznt/)“在场的、现在的”;2. 易错点:发音相同,词性不同,考点常考形容词用法 My father gave me a new dictionary as my birthday present last month. 上个月,爸爸给了我一本新字典作为生日礼物。 standard /ˈstændəd/ n. 标准;adj. 标准的 meet the standard 达到标准;high standard 高标准;low standard 低标准;standard answer 标准答案;standard life 标准生活(adj.用法) 1. 词性辨析:作名词/形容词均表“标准”,发音相同;2. 用法:作名词时,可数/不可数均可,meet the standard为高频考点短语 All the students must work hard to meet the school’s academic standards. 所有学生都必须努力学习,达到学校的学业标准。 award /əˈwɔːd/ n. 奖;奖品 v. 授予;奖励 win an award 获奖;get an award 获得奖项;give an award to sb 给某人颁奖(v.用法);award sb sth 授予某人某物(v.用法) 1. 词形关联:动词与名词同形,发音相同;2. 辨析:award(侧重“官方、正式的奖励、奖项”)与prize(侧重“比赛、竞赛的奖品”) He won the first award in the school English speech contest last week. 上周,他在学校英语演讲比赛中获得了一等奖。 get across 解释清楚;传达 get across an idea 传达想法;get across a message 传达信息;get one’s point across 让某人明白自己的观点 1. 用法:后接名词/代词,表“使他人理解、明白自己的想法或信息”,主语多为人;2. 易错点:get across为及物短语,无需加介词,直接接宾语 The little girl tried her best to get her idea across to her parents. 这个小女孩尽力让父母明白自己的想法。 clearly /ˈklɪəli/ adv. 清楚地;清晰地 speak clearly 清晰地说;see clearly 看得清楚;explain clearly 解释清楚;hear clearly 听得清楚 1. 词形关联:形容词为clear(清晰的、清楚的),反义词为unclearly(不清楚地);2. 用法:修饰动词、形容词或整个句子,常置于句末或动词后 Please speak clearly so that all your classmates can hear you. 请说清楚一点,这样你所有的同学都能听到。 pressure /ˈpreʃə(r)/ n. 压力 under pressure 处于压力下;pressure to do sth 做某事的压力;study pressure 学习压力;work pressure 工作压力;put pressure on sb 给某人施压 1. 固定搭配:“under pressure”为高频考点,表“在压力之下”,无需加冠词;2. 用法:不可数名词,表达“一种压力”用a kind of pressure Many students feel tired because of too much study pressure. 很多学生因为太多的学习压力而感到疲惫。 purpose /ˈpɜːpəs/ n. 目的;意图 on purpose 故意地;for the purpose of 为了……目的;with a purpose 有目的;achieve one’s purpose 实现目的 1. 固定短语:on purpose为高频考点,表“故意、刻意为之”,可置于句末或句中;2. 用法:可数名词,“目的、意图”,常与介词of连用 I’m sure he didn’t break your pen by accident—he did it on purpose. 我确定他不是不小心打碎你的钢笔的,他是故意的。 on purpose 故意;有意地 无拓展搭配(可与do sth、say sth等连用,表“故意做/说某事”) 1. 用法:作状语,表“刻意为之”,区别于by accident(偶然地)、by chance(偶然地);2. 考点:常出现在完形填空、阅读理解中,辨析故意与偶然的语境 She didn’t reply to your message on purpose—she just didn’t see it. 她不是故意不回你的消息,她只是没看到。 reduce by half 减少一半 无拓展搭配(可与具体名词连用,如reduce the time by half 减少一半时间、reduce the number by half 减少一半数量) 1. 用法:固定短语,表“数量、时间、金额等减少50%”;2. 考点:区别于reduce to half(减少到一半,与reduce by half含义相同,用法一致) Our teacher told us to reduce our homework time by half to have more rest. 老师告诉我们把作业时间减少一半,以便多休息。 apologize /əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/ v. 道歉 apologize to sb for sth 因某事向某人道歉;apologize to sb for doing sth 因做某事向某人道歉;apologize sincerely 真诚道歉 1. 词形关联:名词为apology(道歉),固定短语make an apology to sb for sth(与apologize to sb for sth同义);2. 考点:apologize后必须加介词to,再接道歉的对象 He apologized to his teacher for being late for class this morning. 他因为今天早上上课迟到,向老师道歉了。 put oneself in sb's shoes 设身处地;换位思考 无拓展搭配(常用try to put oneself in sb's shoes,表“试着换位思考”) 1. 用法:固定习语,表“站在某人的角度思考问题、体谅他人”;2. 语境:多用于劝说他人理解、体谅别人的处境,适合八下人际交往话题 If you put yourself in his shoes, you will understand why he was angry. 如果你站在他的角度,你就会明白他为什么生气了。 shut /ʃʌt/ v. (shut/shut) 关闭;住嘴 shut the door 关门;shut the window 关窗户;shut up 住嘴(非正式);shut down 关闭(机器、店铺);shut off 切断(电源) 1. 词形变化:不规则变化,过去式、过去分词与原形一致(shut-shut-shut);2. 考点:shut up为口语化表达,多用于非正式场合,注意语气 Please shut the window before you leave the classroom—it’s windy outside. 离开教室前请关上窗户,外面在刮风。 shut sb/sth away 把……关(藏)起来 无拓展搭配(可与具体人/物连用,如shut oneself away 把自己关起来、shut the books away 把书藏起来) 1. 用法:固定短语,表“将人或物隔离、隐藏起来,不与外界接触”;2. 语境:多用于情绪低落、不想被打扰时的行为描写 After failing the exam, he shut himself away in his room and refused to talk to anyone. 考试不及格后,他把自己关在房间里,拒绝和任何人说话。 lastly /ˈlɑːstli/ adv. 最后;最终 无拓展搭配(常用于列举观点、步骤的最后一项,与firstly、secondly连用) 1. 用法:作状语,表“列举的最后一项”,语气比finally更口语化、更简洁;2. 辨析:lastly(侧重“列举顺序的最后”)与finally(侧重“经过努力后的最终”) Firstly, finish your homework; secondly, clean your room; lastly, go to bed on time. 首先,完成作业;其次,打扫房间;最后,按时睡觉。 plenty /ˈplenti/ pron. 充足;大量 plenty of 大量的(后接可数/不可数名词);plenty of time 充足的时间;plenty of food 大量的食物;plenty of books 很多书 1. 用法:plenty本身为代词,不单独使用,常与of连用,plenty of无单复数变化;2. 考点:plenty of后接可数名词复数时,谓语动词用复数;接不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数 Don’t worry—we have plenty of time to get to the station on time. 别担心,我们有充足的时间准时到达车站。 plenty of 充足;大量 无拓展搭配(后接可数名词复数或不可数名词,无需区分数量) 1. 用法:固定短语,表“数量充足、足够”,语气比a lot of更正式一点,可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句;2. 易错点:不能说plenty time,必须加of There are plenty of apples on the table—you can eat as many as you like. 桌子上有很多苹果,你想吃多少就吃多少。 feel blue 感到忧郁的;情绪低落 无拓展搭配(可与often、sometimes、always等频率副词连用,表“经常/偶尔情绪低落”) 1. 用法:固定习语,表“情绪低落、感到忧郁”,口语化表达,适合八下情感话题;2. 同义短语:feel down、feel low(均为“情绪低落”) She often feels blue on rainy days because she can’t go out to play. 下雨天她经常感到情绪低落,因为不能出去玩。 on top of the world 欢天喜地;极度开心 无拓展搭配(常用feel on top of the world,表“感到极度开心”) 1. 用法:固定习语,表“极度开心、欣喜若狂”,语气较强,多用于“获得成功、收到好消息”的语境;2. 口语化表达,适合写作、口语交际场景 When she knew she passed the exam, she felt on top of the world. 当她知道自己通过考试时,开心极了。 all smiles 笑容满面;满脸笑容 无拓展搭配(常用be all smiles,表“满脸笑容”,主语多为人) 1. 用法:固定短语,表“脸上洋溢着笑容、非常开心”,作表语或状语;2. 语境:多用于“见到亲人、朋友,或获得好消息”时的神态描写 My little sister was all smiles when she saw the toy I bought for her. 我妹妹看到我给她买的玩具时,满脸笑容。 low /ləʊ/ adj. 沮丧的;低的 feel low 感到沮丧;low price 低价;low voice 低声;low spirits 低落的情绪;low temperature 低温 1. 词性辨析:作形容词,可表“情绪上的低落”或“数值、高度上的低”;2. 考点:feel low = feel blue = feel down(情绪低落),固定搭配 He has been feeling low since his favorite pet cat ran away. 自从他最喜欢的宠物猫跑丢后,他一直很沮丧。 in low spirits 情绪低落;精神不振 无拓展搭配(常用be in low spirits,表“处于低落的情绪中”,可与keep、remain连用) 1. 用法:固定短语,表“精神不振、情绪低落”,比feel low更正式一点;2. 反义词组:in high spirits(情绪高涨),常出现在对比语境中 She has been in low spirits since she moved to a new school and made no friends. 自从转到新学校没交到朋友后,她一直情绪低落。 ring /rɪŋ/ v. (rang/rung) 发出铃声;打电话 ring the bell 按铃;phone rings 电话响;ring sb 给某人打电话;ring up sb 给某人打电话(非正式);ring out 铃声响起 1. 词形变化:不规则变化,过去式rang,过去分词rung,现在分词ringing;2. 考点:ring作“打电话”讲时,口语化,同义于call、phone The telephone rang while my mother was cooking dinner in the kitchen. 我妈妈在厨房做晚饭时,电话响了。 enter /ˈentə(r)/ v. 进入;参加 enter a room 进入房间;enter a competition 参加比赛;enter a school 进入学校;enter an office 进入办公室;enter for a competition 报名参加比赛 1. 用法:及物动词,后接地点、活动名词,无需加介词into(易错点:不能说enter into a room);2. 辨析:enter(侧重“进入”的动作)与come into(侧重“进入”的过程) All the students stood up when the teacher entered the classroom. 老师进入教室时,所有学生都站了起来。 dare /deə(r)/ v. & modal v. 敢于;胆敢 dare to do sth 敢于做某事;dare not do sth 不敢做某事;dare sb to do sth 挑战某人做某事;don’t dare to do sth 不敢做某事 1. 用法:作情态动词时,后接动词原形,多用于否定句、疑问句,无第三人称单数变化;作实义动词时,后接to do sth,有人称、时态变化;2. 考点:dare not do sth(情态动词)= don’t dare to do sth(实义动词) She dares to sing in front of the whole school—she is very brave. 她敢于在全校师生面前唱歌,她非常勇敢。 everybody /ˈevribɒdi/ pron. 每人;所有人 无拓展搭配(可作主语、宾语,后接动词单数形式) 1. 用法:不定代词,表“所有人、每个人”,同义于everyone,口语化;2. 考点:作主语时,谓语动词必须用单数形式;3. 易错点:everybody不能与of连用(everyone也不能) Everybody in our class likes playing basketball during the break. 我们班每个人都喜欢在课间打篮球。 let down 使失望;辜负 let sb down 让某人失望;let down one’s parents 让父母失望;let down one’s friends 让朋友失望;never let sb down 从不辜负某人 1. 用法:固定短语,后接人作宾语,表“辜负某人的期待、让某人失望”;2. 同义短语:disappoint sb(使某人失望),let sb down更口语化 I will study hard and never let my parents down. 我会努力学习,永远不辜负我的父母。 be hard on 对……苛刻或过分严厉 be hard on sb 对某人苛刻;be too hard on oneself 对自己太苛刻;be not hard on sb 对某人不苛刻 1. 用法:固定短语,后接人作宾语,表“严厉对待某人、对某人要求过高”;2. 考点:hard此处为形容词“严厉的、苛刻的”,区别于hardly(副词“几乎不”) Don’t be too hard on yourself—you are still a student and you can improve. 别对自己太苛刻,你还是个学生,你可以进步的。 player /ˈpleɪə(r)/ n. 运动员;选手;玩家 football player 足球运动员;basketball player 篮球运动员;tennis player 网球运动员;computer player 电脑玩家 1. 词形关联:动词为play(玩耍、比赛、打/踢<球>);2. 用法:可数名词,后缀-er表“做某事的人”,结合语境区分“运动员”和“玩家” Yao Ming is one of the most famous basketball players in China. 姚明是中国最著名的篮球运动员之一。 referee /ˌrefəˈriː/ n. 裁判;裁判员 football referee 足球裁判;basketball referee 篮球裁判;volleyball referee 排球裁判;referee a game 吹罚比赛(v.用法) 1. 职业关联:对应领域为体育比赛,负责维持比赛秩序、判罚违规行为;2. 词形拓展:可作动词,表“担任裁判、吹罚比赛” The referee blew the whistle and stopped the game because of the heavy rain. 因为大雨,裁判吹哨停止了比赛。 take back 撤回;收回;拿回 take back one’s words 收回某人的话;take back a gift 拿回礼物;take back a decision 撤回决定;take back what one said 收回自己说的话 1. 用法:固定短语,后接话语、物品、决定等作宾语,表“撤回、拿回”;2. 语境:多用于“意识到自己错了,收回之前说的话或做的决定” He realized he was wrong and took back his words to his best friend. 他意识到自己错了,向最好的朋友收回了自己说的话。 decision /dɪˈsɪʒn/ n. 决定 make a decision 做决定;final decision 最终决定;important decision 重要决定;make a decision to do sth 决定做某事;change one’s decision 改变决定 1. 词形关联:动词为decide(决定),固定短语make a decision = decide(做决定);2. 考点:make a decision to do sth为高频考点,同义于decide to do sth After thinking for a long time, I made a decision to join the school English club. 思考了很久之后,我决定加入学校英语俱乐部。 kick oneself (因干了蠢事等)自责;后悔 无拓展搭配(常用kick oneself for doing sth,表“因做了某事而自责”) 1. 用法:固定习语,表“因为自己的愚蠢、粗心而后悔、自责”,口语化;2. 语境:多用于“忘记重要事情、犯了低级错误”后的心理描写 He kicked himself for forgetting his mother’s birthday and not buying her a gift. 他因为忘记妈妈的生日、没给她买礼物而自责。 look on the bright side 从好的方面想;保持乐观 无拓展搭配(常用句式:Look on the bright side—... 表“往好的方面想,……”) 1. 用法:固定习语,表“在困境中看到好的一面、保持乐观的心态”;2. 语境:多用于劝说他人摆脱消极情绪,适合八下情感话题写作 Look on the bright side—you didn’t pass the exam this time, but you can try again next time. 往好的方面想,这次你没通过考试,但下次可以再试。 score /skɔː(r)/ n. 得分;比分 v. 得分 high score 高分;final score 最终比分;get a score of... 得……分;score a goal 进球得分(v.用法);score points 得分(v.用法) 1. 词性辨析:作名词“得分、比分”;作动词“得分”,发音相同;2. 考点:表“比分”时,常用“the score is... (比分是……)” The final score of the basketball game between our class and Class 2 was 56-50. 我们班和二班的篮球比赛最终比分是56比50。 proud /praʊd/ adj. 骄傲的;自豪的 be proud of 为……感到骄傲;be proud to do sth 做某事感到自豪;be proud of sb 为某人感到骄傲;feel proud 感到骄傲 1. 固定搭配:be proud of为高频考点,后接人或事情,表“为……感到自豪”;2. 词形关联:名词为pride(骄傲、自豪),固定短语take pride in(与be proud of同义) My parents are proud of me because I got good grades in the final exam. 我的父母为我感到骄傲,因为我在期末考试中取得了好成绩。 coach /kəʊtʃ/ n. 教练 v. 指导;训练 football coach 足球教练;basketball coach 篮球教练;coach sb 指导某人(v.用法);coach a team 训练一支队伍(v.用法) 1. 职业关联:对应领域为体育训练,负责指导运动员训练、制定战术;2. 词形拓展:可作动词,表“指导、训练”,多用于体育场景 Our football coach is very strict with us, but he always helps us improve our skills. 我们的足球教练对我们很严格,但他总是帮助我们提高技能。 as well 也;又 无拓展搭配(用于句末,表“附加、也”,无需加逗号,可与too、also同义) 1. 用法:作状语,表“除了前面提到的之外,还有……”,只能用于句末;2. 辨析:as well(句末,无逗号)、too(句末,可加逗号)、also(句中) I like playing football, and I like playing basketball as well. 我喜欢踢足球,也喜欢打篮球。 bit /bɪt/ n. 有点儿;稍微 a bit 有点儿(后接形容词/副词);a bit of 有点儿(后接不可数名词);a little bit 有点儿(比a bit更口语化) 1. 用法:a bit = a little(有点儿),后接形容词/副词;a bit of = a little(有点儿),后接不可数名词;2. 易错点:not a bit = 一点也不,not a little = 非常(注意区别) It’s a bit cold today—you’d better put on a thick coat. 今天有点儿冷,你最好穿上厚外套。 a bit 有点儿;稍微 无拓展搭配(后接形容词、副词,或与of连用接不可数名词) 1. 用法:口语化表达,表“程度轻微”,可修饰形容词、副词的原级和比较级;2. 考点:a bit修饰形容词比较级时,相当于a little,表“……一点” She is a bit taller than her sister, but they look very similar. 她比她妹妹高一点儿,但她们长得很像。 repeat /rɪˈpiːt/ v. 重复;重说;重做 repeat a sentence 重复句子;repeat a word 重复单词;repeat an action 重复一个动作;repeat what sb said 重复某人说的话 1. 词形关联:名词为repetition(重复),形容词为repeated(重复的);2. 用法:及物动词,后直接接宾语,无需加介词,可用于课堂、日常交流场景 Could you repeat this English sentence again? I didn’t catch your words. 你能再重复一下这个英语句子吗?我没听清你的话。 pull together 齐心协力;通力合作 无拓展搭配(常用句式:If we pull together, we can... 表“如果我们齐心协力,就能……”) 1. 用法:固定短语,表“团队成员一起努力、通力合作,完成共同的目标”;2. 语境:多用于团队合作、集体任务场景,适合八下合作话题写作 If we pull together, we can finish the group project before the deadline. 只要我们齐心协力,就能在截止日期前完成小组项目。 though /ðəʊ/ conj. 虽然;尽管 adv. 不过;然而 无拓展搭配(作连词时引导让步状语从句;作副词时置于句末,表“不过”) 1. 用法:作连词,引导让步状语从句,可置于句首或句末,语气较弱;作副词,置于句末,表“转折”;2. 考点:though不能与but连用(易错点) Though he was very tired, he still finished his homework carefully. 尽管他很累,还是认真完成了作业。 even though 即使;虽然 无拓展搭配(引导让步状语从句,可置于句首或句中) 1. 用法:固定连词短语,引导让步状语从句,语气比though更强,表“即使、纵然”;2. 考点:even though也不能与but连用,可与still、yet连用 Even though it rained heavily, we still went to school on time. 即使下大雨,我们还是准时去上学了。 solution /səˈluːʃn/ n. 解决办法;答案 find a solution 找到解决办法;a solution to sth 某事的解决办法;good solution 好的解决办法;work out a solution 想出解决办法 1. 词形关联:动词为solve(解决),固定短语find a solution to sth = solve sth(解决某事);2. 易错点:solution后接介词to,不接of We had a meeting to find a solution to the problem of heavy homework. 我们开了个会,想找到解决作业繁重问题的办法。 joyful /ˈdʒɔɪfl/ adj. 高兴的;令人愉快的 joyful news 令人高兴的消息;joyful moment 愉快的时刻;joyful smile 开心的笑容;be joyful about sth 为某事感到高兴 1. 词形关联:名词为joy(快乐、喜悦),副词为joyfully(高兴地);2. 辨析:joyful(侧重“内心的喜悦、令人愉悦的”)与happy(单纯的“开心的”) All the family were joyful when they heard the joyful news of her admission to the key school. 听到她考上重点学校的好消息,全家人都很高兴。 thankful /ˈθæŋkfl/ adj. 感谢的;感激的 be thankful for 为……感激;be thankful to sb 感激某人;be thankful to sb for sth 因某事感激某人;feel thankful 感到感激 1. 固定搭配:be thankful for sth、be thankful to sb为高频考点;2. 词形关联:名词为thankfulness(感激),同义于grateful(感激的) I’m thankful to my teacher for helping me improve my English. 我很感激我的老师帮助我提高英语成绩。 negative /ˈneɡətɪv/ adj. 否定的;消极的 negative attitude 消极态度;negative thoughts 消极想法;negative answer 否定答案;negative emotion 消极情绪 1. 反义词:positive(积极的),常出现在对比语境中;2. 用法:可修饰态度、想法、情绪、答案等,适合八下情感、心态话题 We should keep a positive attitude and avoid negative thoughts when we face difficulties. 面对困难时,我们应该保持积极的态度,避免消极的想法。 bully /ˈbʊli/ v. 霸凌;欺负 n. 恶霸;欺凌者 bully sb 霸凌某人;bully sb at school 在校霸凌某人;stop bullying 停止霸凌;a school bully 校园恶霸(n.用法) 1. 用法:作动词,表“故意欺负、霸凌弱小”;作名词,表“实施霸凌的人、恶霸”;2. 语境:贴合校园生活,常用于“反对校园霸凌”的话题 Our school is against bullying, and we should help students who are bullied. 我们学校反对校园霸凌,我们应该帮助被霸凌的学生。 shout at sb 冲某人喊叫;对某人大喊大叫 无拓展搭配(可与angrily、loudly等副词连用,表“生气地/大声地冲某人喊”) 1. 用法:固定短语,表“生气地、不耐烦地对某人大喊”,带有负面情绪;2. 辨析:shout at sb(带情绪的大喊)与shout to sb(为了让某人听到而大喊,无情绪) My father never shouts at me—he always talks to me patiently when I make mistakes. 我爸爸从不冲我大喊大叫,我犯错时他总是耐心地和我说话。 from time to time 不时;偶尔;间或 无拓展搭配(可置于句首、句中或句末,表“偶尔发生的动作”) 1. 用法:固定短语,表“动作不是经常发生,偶尔出现”;2. 同义短语:sometimes、occasionally,from time to time更正式一点,适合写作 ( 1 ) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit3单词讲解表 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册
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Unit3单词讲解表 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册
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Unit3单词讲解表 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册
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