Unit1 讲义 2025-2026学年沪教版八年级英语下册

八年级下册学习1 学生 Lily 日期 2026.2.1 时间 1:30-3:30 课题 八年级下册U1学习 课前小练习 1.( )— Have you ever been to Beijing?— Yes, I ______ there twice with my family. A. go B. went C. have been D. will go 2.( ) There is ______ wrong with my phone. It works well. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 3.( ) Tom runs ______ than any other boy in his class, so he won the race. A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest 4.( ) — Where is your sister? I can’t find her ______.— She may be in the garden. A. somewhere B. nowhere C. anywhere D. everywhere 5.( ) My mother ______ the housework yet, so our house is a little messy. A. didn’t finish B. hasn’t finished C. won’t finish D. doesn’t finish 6.( ) This story is ______ interesting one I have ever read. I love it so much. A. the most B. more C. very D. quite 7.( ) — Is there ______ in the classroom?— No, all the students have gone to the playground. A. somebody B. anybody C. nobody D. everybody 8.( ) Lily studies ______ than her twin sister, but she doesn’t get better grades. A. carefully B. more carefully C. most carefully D. the most carefully 9.( ) We ______ this park since we moved to this city five years ago. A. know B. knew C. have known D. will know 10.( ) You can ask ______ for help if you are in trouble. We are all here for you. A. someone B. no one C. everyone D. anyone 11.( ) Of all the subjects, Mike likes math ______ because he thinks it’s the most useful. A. good B. better C. best D. well 12.( ) — ______ has your father worked in this factory?— For more than twenty years. A. How often B. How long C. How soon D. How far 错题反思： I.八年级下册U1重点词汇 Unit 1 单词 词性 音标 中文释义 默写 elderly adj. /'eldəli/ 1. 上了年纪的 offer v. /ˈɒfə(r)/ 2. 主动提出 serious adj. /ˈsɪəriəs/ 3. 严重的 disease n. /dɪˈzi:z/ 4. 病；疾病 cancer n. /ˈkænsə(r)/ 5. 癌；癌症 spirits n. /ˈspɪrɪts/ 6. [pl.] 情绪；心境 pain n. /peɪn/ 7. 痛苦；苦恼 belong v. /bɪˈlɒŋ/ 8. 适应；合得来 spare adj. /speə(r)/ 9. 空闲的；空余的 volunteer v. /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ 10. 自愿做 joy n. /dʒɔɪ/ 11. 高兴；愉快；喜悦 lose v. /lu:z/ 12. 丧失；失去 raise v. /reɪz/ 13. 筹募 pound n. /paʊnd/ 14. 英镑 structure n. /ˈstrʌktʃə(r)/ 15. 结构 permission n. /pəˈmɪʃn/ 16. 准许；许可 arrange v. /əˈreɪndʒ/ 17. 排列；布置 donate v. /dəʊˈneɪt/ 18. 捐赠；赠予 mighty adj. /ˈmaɪti/ 19. 巨大的；非凡的 pleasant adj. /ˈpleznt/ 20. 令人愉快的；宜人的 ease v. /i:z/ 21. 减轻；缓解 ache v. /eɪk/ 22. 疼痛；隐痛 一．根据首字母和给出的中文，在横线上写出正确的单词。 (1) The Double Ninth Festival celebrations show the tradition for Chinese people to respect the e_______. (2) Air pollution is making thousands of people ill. Some even have lung c_______. (3) During the hurricane season, neighbourhoods along the coast must take action in advance as it can bring about s_______ floods, strong winds and terrible storms. (4) On snowy days, a driver must drive as carefully as possible to avoid a_______. (5) —Could you please help me look after my pet this weekend? —Sorry, I'm afraid I can't. I'm going to v_______ to help the old this weekend. (6) My caring mother often communicates with me about my likes and dislikes in my s____ time. (7) The bird was hurt badly and a p_______ in the wings prevented it from flying. (8) The charity often provides free lunch for d_______ people. 八年级下册U1短语 voluntary work 1. 志愿工作 disabled people 2. 残障人士 look after 3. 照料；照顾 suffer from 4. 遭受；患…… 病 cheer somebody up 5. （使）高兴起来 raise one's spirits 6. 使某人振奋 in low spirits 7. 情绪低落 in order to 8. 目的是；为了 in need 9. 在危难中；在穷困中的 flower arranging 10. 插花 tidy up 11. 收拾；整理 in vain 12. 枉费心机；徒劳无益 1. 李华每周都会花一整天的时间在孤儿院做志愿者工作。 Li Hua spends a whole day doing ______ ______ in an orphanage every week. 2. 她经常去那里看望生病的孩子，使他们振作起来。 She often visits the sick kids there to ______ ______ ______. 3. 这些天我遭受胃痛的摧残。 I'm ______ ______ a stomachache these days. 4. 她喜欢将自己的生活和别人的进行比较，总是情绪低落。 She likes comparing her life with others' and she is always ______ ______ ______. U1语法学习 八年级下册U1Grammar （不定式的用法） 【动词不定式】是非谓语动词一种，在句子中，它除了不能作谓语外，可以担当其它任何成分，主语宾语、表语等。 （1）基本形式：   to+动词原形 （在某些情况下可以不带  to）  其否定形式为：not to+动词原形。 （2）动词不定式用法  A、 作主语   动词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用单数，其位置有以下两种：     (1) 把不定式置于句首。  如：To get there by bike will take us half an hour.   To learn a foreign language is not easy. = It’s not easy to learn a foreign language.  (2)用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。  It is good to help others.      It is exciting to surf  the Internet.     【练习】 一、动词不定式作主语  1. It's our duty _________ the room every day. A. to clean B. cleaned C. clean D. cleans  2. It's hard for us _________ English well. A. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning（江西省）  3.建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。  It will _________ the workers over a year _________ _________ the flyover.  4. It's very nice _________ you to get me two tickets _________ the World Cup.  A. for，of  B. of， for  C. to， for  D. of， to B、作表语 （表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的）  The important thing is to finish the work on time. (完成工作)   What you have to do now is to clean the classroom.  (打扫教室).  C  作宾语 1) 动词 + to do 常见动词有 agree, choose, decide, forget, fail, go on, learn, hope, mean (意味；想要) need,offer, plan, regret, require, remember,   seem, stop, try, wish, want等  [注意]：部分动词后接不定式与接动名词的含义不同。如stop, forget, remember  2) 动词+疑问代（副）词 + to do  I don’t know what to do. （做什么）                how to do it / that. （怎么做）                 where to go (去哪里)                when to leave (什么时候出发)  Which one to choose (选择哪个)  例：I haven’t decided when to take a holiday yet.  D.动词不定式做宾补  1) 动词 + 宾语 +to do   Li Mei asked me to show her the new dictionary.  注：有以上结构的常用动词有 tell, wish, ask, want，like, beg(请求), invite（邀请）, warn（警告，提醒）, allow, encourage, advise 等。   2) 动词 + 宾语 + do (不带 to  的不定式)  常用的动词是: 感官动词see, hear,；  使役动词 have ,make, let.（如果将其改成被动语态，必须将不定式符号to还原。）  例：Colors can change our moods(情绪) and make us feel happy or sad.  固定搭配：make sb. do sth.  【练习】动词不定式作宾语  1. He wants ______ some vegetables. A. buy  B. buying  C. to buy  D. buys   2. Don't forget ______ your homework with you when you come to school.  A. to bring  B. bringing  C. to take  D. taking   3. He found it very difficult ______. A. sleeping  B. sleeps C. slept  D. to fall asleep 动词不定式作宾语补足语  1. Robert often asks us ______ his Chinese, so his Chinese is much better than before.  A. help him  B. to help him with  C. to help with  D. helps him with   2. Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends ______ Chinese food.  A. cook  B. cooks  C. to cook  D. cooked 例题 一．单项选择 ( ) 1. May I have a rest ? I have already finished ________the report. A. write B. writing C. to write D. written ( ) 2. --I feel a bit hungry now. -- Why not ________for dinner with us? A. go B. did you go C. to go D. do you go ( ) 3. He asked her ________the bag because it was too expensive . A. not to buy B. to buy not C. not buying D. not buy ( ) 4. Although you may meet with some difficulties, you should never ________. A. turn up B. get up C. give up D. grow up ( ) 5.--- Would you like to go to the hospital to help the sick kids this Sunday? --- ________. I’ll be free then. A. Sorry, I can’t B. Not at all C. Thank you D. Sure, I’d love to ( ) 6. Is there _______ in today’s newspaper? A. special something B. special anything C. something special D. anything special ( ) 7. --- I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation. What about you? --- I haven’t decided where _______. A. go B. went C. going D. to go ( ) 8. You can use a tool ________ a fire. A. make B. making C. to make D. to making ( ) 9. Our teacher gave us 10 minutes __________ about the question. A. thinks B. to think C. thinking D. thought ( ) 10. I didn't ask him ______to my party, but he came. A. to come B. come C. came D. coming 一．单项选择 1. My father is always busy working, he still helps me with my study. A. but B. and C.so D. Though 2. It’s a sunny day, why not for a picnic? A. go B. to go C. going D. to going 3. He asked me the bike because it’s too expensive. A. not buy B. not to buy C. not buying D. to not buy 4. May I have a rest? I have already finish the report. A. write B. to write C. writing D. to writing 5. We will have a good time if it . A. won’t rain B. doesn’t rain C. rain D. don’t rain 6.He decided some exercise to keep healthy. A. take B. to take C. taking D. Took 7. You’d smoke here. A. better not to B. better to not C. better not D. better to 8. She is a good teacher. in our class loves her. A. Everyone B. Anyone C. Someone D. No one 9. Study hard, you will fail the exam. A. or B. and C.so D. though 10.My mum tells me the room. A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. to cleaning 考点总结： 1. 2. 11. Lily was a little angry. She left _______ saying goodbye. A. with B. within C. without D. for 12. Do you enjoy _______ when you are free? A. read B. reading C. to read D. to reading 13. I used ______ to bed late when I was young, but now I am used to ___ to bed at 10:00 at night. A. to go; go B. to going; going C. to going; go D. to go; going 14.My mother enjoys _____ in the square while my father likes _____ a walk in the garden. A. to dance; taking B. dancing; take C. to dance; to take D. dancing; taking 15. He would like _____ for the broken window. A. pay B. to pay C. paying D. to paying 16. I am so happy. Miss Yang let me _____ a song in class this morning. A. sing B. singing C. to sing D. sung 17.Since then, he _____ interested in reading cartoon books. A. is B. was C. has been D. be 18. Our head teacher asked us _______ in the classroom. A. not to run B. don’t run C. to not run D. not run 二．用方框内所给单词填空 difficulty, help, continue, raise, need, hurt, bring, met, taught, sing I want to 1 disabled children. They have 2 walking or moving. I 3 them to 4 because music can 5 them joy and peace. I 6 a boy called Tim. He 7 his legs in an accident, but he has lots of courage. We 8 to help children like Tim and 9 their spirits. I will 10 to do voluntary work in the future. 1.________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________ 6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________ 三．语法选择 I still remember I fell in love with English from a very young age, because I thought it was ___1___ useful language. Full of strong wishes of ___2_ English, I began to learn it. But soon I found it ____3___ than expected（预期的）. There were too many words, expressions（表达） and many other things to remember. And even if （即使）you know 4 , you can't use them correctly and exactly（精确地）. And I did rather（相当） 5__ in my first English test. I was worried about it. This made me __6___ my interest in English little by little（渐渐地）. While I was in trouble, my English teacher gave me much help. I knew that interest didn't mean _7 and I should have some learning methods. I did __8__ he said and tried many different ways of learning English. As the days went by, I could do better and better and became more and more interested in it. During summer vacation, an old lady from Australia visited my school. She had a talk with us. It was the first time to meet a foreigner. I got _9_ nervous at first, but soon I found it exciting to talk with her, and I learned a lot from her. ___10___ I wish to practice speaking English with foreigners every day! ( )1. A. such a B. such an C. so a D. so an ( )2. A. learn B. learned C. to learn D. learning ( )3. A. better B. more difficult C. worse D. easier ( )4. A. how to write them B. how should you write them ( )C. what to write them D. what to write ( )5. A. well B. worse C. bad D. badly ( )6. A. dropped B. dropping C. drop D. drops ( )7. A. nothing B. anything C. everything D. something ( )8. A. as B. like C. so D. so that ( )9. A. little B. a little C. a few D. few ( )10. A. What B. Why C. How D. When 八年级下册U1课后作业 1. 单项选择。（10分） ( )1.Miss Clark won’t let me home unless I finish my homework. A. to go B. going C. go D. goes ( )2. We often hear Lisa this beautiful song. A. sing B. singing C. sings D. to sing ( )3. My friends tell me the underground because of the huge crowd. A. don’t take B. not to take C. not take D. to not take ( )4. I’ll show you . A. to do how B. to do what C. what to do D. how to do ( )5.Would you feel if you live ? A. lonely, lonely B. alone, lonely C. alone, alone D. lonely, alone ( )6. –Jack suddenly stopped and he is lying on the ground. ---We must stop what is wrong with him. A. to run; to see B. running; seeing C. to run; seeing D. running ; to see ( )7. James always spends lots of money gifts for his daughter, but he seldom spends time her. A. in; for B. on; with C. on; for D. in; with ( )8. You’d better the windows open when you are off. A. not leave B. leave C. not to leave D. to leave ( )9. Those children are to walk by themselves but they are still very brave. A. disable; able B. disabled; able C. disable; unable D. disabled; unable ( )10. Later, he came to Yunnan biology at a college. A. learn B. learned C. to learn D. learning 二、语篇填词。 Our friend Vivien needs our help. Last month, a car 1.a took her parents’ life and she also seriously 2.h .Though it takes time for her to go through the 3.p , we can 4.o assistance(帮助). First, we can talk to her and help her express her feelings. Second, it may be helpful if we hold some activities and invite her to join in, so she can feel the warmth of 5.f . 三．完成句子。 1.广州的司机经常苦于交通堵塞。 Drivers in Guangzhou often the traffic jam. 2.为了赶上早班车，我每天六点起床。 the early bus, I get up at 6 o’clock every day. 3.上周我们为一周病重的老师募捐。 Last week we for a badly sick teacher. 4.从我读小学时起，《哈佛风雨路》就一直鼓舞着我。 Since I was a primary school student, Homeless to Harvard . 5.我五岁的时候，我妈妈教我下厨。 My mother cook when I was five. 6.我们应该让座给有需要的人。 We should give seats to people . 7.他希望成为像霍金一样伟大的物理学家。 He a great physicist like Hawking. 参考答案： 课前小练习 答案 1.C 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.B 9.C 10.D 11.C 12.B 重点词汇 - 首字母填空 答案 (1)elderly (2)cancer (3)serious (4)accidents (5)volunteer (6)spare (7)pain (8)disabled 重点短语 - 汉译英 答案 1.voluntary work2.cheer them up3.suffering from4.in low spirits 语法学习 - 动词不定式 练习答案 作主语 1.A 2.C 3.take; to build 4.B 作宾语 1.C 2.A 3.D 作宾语补足语 1.B 2.C 不定式例题 - 单项选择 答案 1.B 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.D 6.D 7.D 8.C 9.B 10.A 综合单项选择 答案 1.A 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.C 8.A 9.A 10.B11.C 12.B 13.D 14.D 15.B 16.A 17.C 18.A 单词填空 答案 1.help 2.difficulty 3.taught 4.sing 5.bring6.met 7.hurt 8.need 9.raise 10.continue 语法选择 答案 1.A 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.D 6.C 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.C 课后作业 答案 一、单项选择 1.C 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.D 7.B 8.A 9.D 10.C 二、语篇填词 1.accident 2.hurt 3.pain 4.offer 5.friendship 三、完成句子 1.suffer from2.In order to catch3.raised money4.has encouraged me5.taught me to6.in need7.hopes to be 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $