Unit 4 Growing up Grammar课件 -2025-2026学年译林版（2012）九年级英语上册

Unit 4 Growing up Grammar 时间状语从句是指在复合句中充当时间状语的句子。如： When the weather is good, my grandpa likes going fishing. 当天气好的时候，我爷爷喜欢去钓鱼。 The sun came out after the storm stopped. 暴风雨停止后，太阳出来了。 注意： 我们可以用before, after, when和while引导时间状语从句，这些词既可放在句首，也可放在句中。 before,after,when和while 引导的时间状语从句 before的意思是“在……之前”，表示主句动作发生在从句动作之前。如： Close the windows before you leave the room, please. 在你离开房间前，请关上窗。 after意思是“在……之后”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。如： I went to school after I finished my breakfast. 我吃完早饭去上学。 注意：在when 和while引导的从句中，当 主句和从句的主语一致，并且从句 中有be 动词时，可以省略主语和be 动词，构成when/while + -ing 结构 When (she is) in trouble, she always asks me for my help. 当她遇到困难时总是向我求助。 While (I am) travelling, I like to buy some souvenirs. 旅游时我喜欢买纪念品。 when意思是“当……时候” 1) 表示主句动作发生的时候，从句的动作也发生了，或者表示两个动作先后紧接着发生，常用于两个短暂性动词。如： The days get longer when spring comes. 春天到来时，白天变长了。 When I got home yesterday, it began to rain. 昨天我到家时，天开始下雨了。 when意思是“当……时候” 2) 表示主句动作发生的时候，从句的动作正在进行，主句动作用短暂性动词，从句动作用延续性动词，这时while 可以用when替换。如： 当男孩子们踢足球时，天开始下雨了。 When the boys were playing football, it began to rain. =While the boys were playing football, it began to rain. when “在...的时候”表示主句动作发 生的特定时间。 Mozart started writing music when he was four years old. (在)莫扎特4岁的时候，开始写音乐作 品。 The days get longer when spring comes. 春天到来时，白天变长了。 while “在...期间; 在…的时候”强调主 句动作和从句动作是同时发生的。 He visited a lot of places while he was traveling. 他在旅行期间参观了许多地方。 While my sister was sweeping the floor, I was washing the dishes. 我姐姐扫地时，我在洗碗。 1. He remained there for about a year _______ the NBA took notice of him. 2. _______ he graduated, he was forced to play in another basketball league. 3. ______ he finally got the chance, he scored 20 points in his first game. 4. _______ (he was) attending junior high, Spud tried out for the school team. 5. Sometimes we forget _______ we should stop. before After When While when Exercises 6. It can cheer you up _______ you are feeling sad. 7. Outside, people were running in all directions _______ pieces of glass and bricks were falling down. 8. Timmy was trapped in a dark place _______ the earthquake stopped. 9. He stayed with the boy and played with him for two hours ________ the boy’s parents came. when while after before ① since “自…以来” 表示自过去的一个起始时间点到目前(说话时间)为止的一段持续时间。主句的谓语动词一般用现在完成时，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时。 Mr Green has taught in that school since he came to China three years ago. 自格林先生来中国以来，他就在这所学校教书。 since、till和until引导的时间状语从句 against 作介词，其后接名词、代词或动词-ing 形式。常与以下动词连用，如：fight, struggle, protest, argue, guard 等。 against 的一词多义：反对，用strongly 修饰， 反义词为for 意为“支持”紧靠 e.g. At last, Lupe was in the final to play against a girl in a baseball cap. 最后，卢佩在决赛中与一个戴棒球帽的女孩比赛。 Are you for or against the plan? 你对这个计划是赞成还是反对呢？ The teacher’s desk is against the wall. 老师的办公桌紧靠着墙。 1.While attending junior high， Spud tried out for the school team.  2.He remained there for about a year before the NBA took notice of him.  While attending junior high， Spud tried out for the school team.  He remained there for about a year before the NBA took notice of him.  探究由before、after、when和while引导的时间状语从句 1.请在下列句子中找出时间状语从句并在其后面的括号中用√进行标注。 (1)I find that he is very happy every day. (　　) (2)Please let me know when you have trouble. (　√　) (3)I didn’t know where I could wait for her. (　　) √ There are so many things ______ your will. However, you have no excuse to give up. A. through B. towards C. outside D. against D 【点拨】本题用句意理解法。through 通过；towards 朝，向；outside 在外面；against 反对，违背。根据后句句意“然而，你没有理由放弃。”可知，前句应是“有那么多违背你意愿的事情”。 时间状语从句的引导词 before、after、 when 和while 引导的时间状语从句 before: “在……之前”, 表示主句动作发生在从句动作之前。① after: “在……之后”, 表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。用法上要注意时态。② when: “当……时”, 表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生或从句动作发生在主句动作之前。③ while: “当……时; 在……期间”, 用来表示某事发生时的较长的时间“背景”。从句通常要用进行时, 如果主句和从句中的动作是两个同时进行的长时间动作或事件, 那么主句也要用进行时。④ 考点1 通过例句进行总结: (1) 　He couldn’t come　  before  　the concert began　 .音乐会开始前他来不了。   (2) 　Teachers always prepare lessons well　⁠ before  　classes begin　⁠.老师们总是在上课前把课备好。  He couldn’t come the concert began Teachers always prepare lessons well classes begin 主句 从句 (4)Mother always prepares food before I get home. (　√　) (5)After we finish the work， we go to the cinema. (　√　) (6)I didn’t know how I could open it. (　　) √ √ 2.通过以上句子，总结如下: 时间状语从句是指在复合句中充当 　时间状语　⁠的句子。  时间状语 1 e.g. Before they returned to the earth, they faced one last test—returning home safely. 在他们返回地球之前，他们面临着最后的考验——安全返回家。 Don’t close the windows before you go to bed. 你睡觉之前不要关窗户。 e.g. As soon as I arrive in Canada, I will call you. 我一到加拿大，就给你打电话。 Whenever he met us, he smiled at us. 他每次遇见我们，都向我们微笑。 =Every time he met us, he smiled at us. Presentation C as soon as whenever when something happens, or a short time after something has happened every time Exercises Whenever as soon as whenever Simon is writing about David’s love for basketball. Help Simon complete his sentences with as soon as or whenever. 1. David often goes to play basketball __________ school is over. 2. He watches the NBA __________ there is a game on TV. 3. __________ he talks about basketball, he gets excited. 4. __________ he learnt that the NBA players would come to China, he tried his best to get a ticket. As soon as (1) 　I can go out to play basketball 　⁠after  　I finish my homework 　⁠.我完成作业后可以去打篮球。  before 意为“ 　在……之前　⁠”，表示主句动作发生在从句动作之 　前　⁠(前/后)。  after 意为“ 　在……之后　⁠”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之 　后　⁠(前/后)。  I can go out to play basketball I finish my homework 在……之前 前 在……之后 后 Exercises David is writing about Yao Ming, his favourite basketball star. Help him complete his article with the correct conjunctions you have learnt in this unit. (P56) Yao Ming was born in Shanghai in 1980. he got his first basketball (1) _________ he was only four years old, but he did not become serious about basketball (2) _________ he was 12. Yao joined the Houston Rockets in 2002 and became the best Chinese player to ever play in the NBA. when till/until before, after, when, while, since, till/until, as soon as, whenever Exercises (3) _________ he went to the USA, he knew little English, but he quickly learnt the language. The best moment in his career was in 2004—he scored 41 points in a game against the Atlanta Hawks. When Yao Ming was living in the USA, he returned to China (4) _________ he was needed. He took part in the Olympics in 2004 and in 2008 as one of the Chinese athletes. (5) _________ he ended his basketball career, Yao has done more charity work, especially for poor Chinese teenagers. When/Before whenever Since e.g. They got married after she finished her study. 她完成学业后，他们结婚了。 After Du went to college in 2017, he had enough time to take the hobby seriously. 2017 年上大学后，杜有了足够的时间来认真对待这项爱好。 1.根据下面例句进行总结: When my father came back， the sun came out.当我父亲回来的时候太阳都出来了。 While I was doing my homework， my mother came back.当我正在写作业的时候我妈妈回来了。 When 和 while 都有“ 　当……时　⁠”的意思，这两个词在用法上区别如下:  当……时 Homework 1. Remember the usage of conjunctions of time. 2. Finish the exercises. 3. Preview Integrated skills. $