2026届高三英语二轮复习之名词 课件

2026届语法专题复习 名 词 真题试做 温馨提醒 1.2025.1·浙江全国Ⅰ卷As people now choose to wear more clothes fewer ________(time), clothing rental services have become increasingly popular. 2．2025.1·浙江全国Ⅰ卷Tanya's shop offers fashion clothes for women to rent rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive ________(solve) to one－time event dressing. 3．2025.1·浙江全国Ⅰ卷“I really want to make this work for ________(people) lives today, and I know that doesn't always mean returning a dress on the Monday after a special weekend，” she says. 4．2025·八省联考As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture, the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history, its hard－working people, its development through ________(innovate), and its inclusiveness. 5．2024·新全国Ⅰ卷These plants included modern Western ________(favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel.   times solution people's innovation favourites　 考点归纳： 名词部分 主要考查 名词的数 (可数与不 可数、单数 与复数)、 名词所有格、 名词的词义 辨析和习惯 搭配、抽象 名词的具体 化以及主谓 一致等。 CONTENTS 目录 名词的数 01 动词/形容词变名词 02 名词所有格 03 练一练 04 可数名词变复数规则变化 PART 01 01 02 03 一般情况 加+s 以s,x,ch,sh,结尾 加+ es 以y结尾的单词 辅音字母+ y结尾，将y变i+ es 元音字母+y结尾，直接 + s stomach---stomachs 名词变复数规则变化 PART 01 04 05 以“f/ fe”结尾， 多数将“f/fe”变v + es 如：knife--knives 以“o”结尾的单词 以下单词在词尾加+es 黑人(negro)英雄(hero)爱吃土豆(potato)和西红柿(tomato) ； 例外单词顺口溜：首领(chiefs)在屋顶(roofs)上和厨师们（chefs)说他们相信(beliefs)证据(proofs)在海湾边的（gulfs)悬崖(cliffs)的保险箱(safes)里直接加s； 一般情况直接+ s 如： photo-photos 可数名词变复数不规则变化 改变词中元音字母 woman—women, goose—geese，man—men，foot—feet，tooth—teeth 注意：human--humans German-Germans 单复同形 means（手段 方法）, deer，sheep，works(工厂/作品), species, Chinese, Japanese fish和fruit表示种类时，复数形式分别为fishes和fruits 其他 child—children, bacterium—bacteria，phenomenon—phenomena, medium—media, criterion → criteria, crisis—crises，basis--bases, analysis--analyses, ox—oxen, mouse—mice — 合成名词变为复数的规则 (1)有主体名词的合成名词变为复数，只需将主体名词变为复数形式即可，如 lookers－on、passers－by、daughters－in－law等。 (2)无主体名词的合成名词变为复数，需要在名词末尾处加s，如go－betweens、grown－ups、forget－me－nots等。 (3)由man或 woman构成的合成名词变为复数，需将合成的两个词都变成复数形式，如men friends、men doctors、women pilots、women writers等。 合成名词变为复数的规则 (1)有主体名词的合成名词变为复数，只需将主体名词变为复数形式即可，如 lookers－on、passers－by、daughters－in－law, story-tellers 等。 (2)无主体名词的合成名词变为复数，需要在名词末尾处加s，如go－betweens、grown－ups等。 (3)由man或 woman构成的合成名词变为复数，需将合成的两个词都变成复数形式，如men friends、men doctors、women pilots、women writers等。 此类名词总是以复数形式出现 常以复数形式出现的名词有 belongings所有物， congratulations祝贺， contents目录， earnings收入， fireworks烟火， goods商品， wishes祝愿， greetings问候， manners礼貌， wages工资, instructions/directions用法说明， papers文件， savings存款， surroundings 环境等 一些固定短语中的名词只用复数形式，常见的有 take turns to do sth轮流做某事， in high spirits兴高采烈， make friends with与……交朋友 ， shake hands with与……握手， make preparations for为……做准备， make ends meet使收支仅能相抵， take pains to do sth费力地做某事等 单、复数意思不同的名词 arm手臂—arms武器；custom风俗—customs海关；force力量—forces 单、复数意思不同的名词 arm手臂—arms武器；custom风俗—customs海关；force力量—forces武装力量；regard注意，关心—regards问候；time时间—times时代；work工作—works工厂；manner态度—manners礼貌；spirit精神—spirits心境，情绪；condition状况—conditions条件；feeling感觉—feelings感情；wood木头—woods树林； paper纸—papers文件；water水—waters水域。 常见不可数名词： beer, air, homework, weather, news, butter, milk, information, bread, advice, progress, orange(橙汁), equipment, meat, fun, luggage, luck, work(工作), traffic, furniture, wealth, word(消息), room(空间), man(人类)等。 可数和不可数均可 抽象名词 具体化 success a success一个(件)成功的人或事 failure a failure一个(件)失败的人或事 surprise a surprise一件令人惊讶的事情 pleasure a pleasure一件乐事 honour an honour一个(件)引以为荣的人或事 comfort a comfort 一个令人感到安慰的人或事物 抽象名词的具体化: 具有某种特性、状态、情感的抽象名词在表示具体的概念时，可以与不定冠词连用 语法填空常考需使用名词的复数的情况： (1) one of + 可数名词复数：如：one of the players (2) two/these/ those/ many/ few/ a few/ several + 可数名词复数；如：both students等； (3) different/ various/ a variety of/ all kinds of/ a series of(一系列的)/ a number of(许多的) + 可数名词复数；如：meet various challenges; (4) “in one’s 基数词的复数形式”；如：in one's thirties 在某人三十多岁； （5）固定搭配：如：in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪；take notes 做笔记；under no circumstances 绝不 ; take measures to do sth 采取措施做某事；等； PART 02 01 03 02 一般在名词词尾加’s 如：Children’s Day 以-s或-es结尾的复数名词 在词尾加’如：twenty minutes’walk of 所有格 如：the cover of the book 表示在某个地点；如：at Mary’s(在Mary家), at the doctor’s(在诊所) 双重所有格 “名词＋of＋名词所有格”或者“名词＋of＋名词性物主代词” a friend of hers她的一位朋友 many relatives of my father’s 我父亲的很多亲戚 名词所有格 词性转换 PART 03 动词变名词 形容词变名词 1.冠词，形容词，数词，指示代词，形容词性物主代词后常用名词 2.介词和动词后常用名词 3. 并列连词前面或后面是名词，那其后面或前面也是名词 名词所有格 PART 02 表示有生命的东西或时间、空间、距离、价格、重量等名词的所有格 Women's Day, an hour's walk，students' reading room, today's paper 's所有格 表示无生命的东西的名词所有格 a map of China, the top of the mountain, the cost of living 介词of＋名词 of＋名词所有格/名词性物主代词 a friend of my father's, a photo of mine, a picture of my mother's 双重所有格 如：Teachers' Day教师节，a twenty minutes' walk 二十分钟的步行路程， a ten miles' journey十英里的旅程 以s或es结尾的复数名词，只在 词尾加' 如：at the doctor's在诊所，at my sister's 在我姐姐家，at the barber’s 在理发店 表示住宅、诊所、医院等时，名词所有格修饰的中心词往往省略 点击添加文本 后缀 例词 －ion/ －tion/ －sion/ ation correct→correction改正 celebrate→celebration庆祝 conclude→conclusion结论；结束 discuss→discussion讨论；论述 admit→admission承认；准许加入permit→permission允许，许可 invite→invitation邀请 explain→explanation解释 graduate→graduation毕业 expect→expectation期望 动词变名词的常见易错词 1. recognize--recognition 认可 2. explain--explanation 说明，解释 3. consume--consumption 消费；消耗 4. describe--description 描述，描写 5. tend--tendency 倾向 6. vary--variety种类 7. behave--behaviour 行为 8. respond--response 回应 9. relieve--relief 宽慰；减轻 10. applaud--applause 鼓掌 11. complain--complaint 抱怨 12. sell--sale 卖 13. compare--comparison 比较 14. argue--argument 辩论；论据 15. submit--submission 提交 16. accept--acceptance 接受 17. exist--existence 存在；生存 18. approve--approval 赞成：批准 19. expose--exposure 暴露 34. explode--explosion 爆炸 35. injure--injury 伤害；伤处 21. lose--loss 失去 22. depart--departure 离开；出发 23. serve--service 服务 24. exist--existence存在；生存 形容词变名词的常见易错词 1. curious--curiosity 好奇，好奇心 2. generous--generosity 慷慨 3. sympathetic--sympathy 同情 4. short--shortage 不足；短缺 5. modest--modesty 谦虚 6. strong--strength 力气：强项 7. long--length 长度 8. wise--wisdom明智：智慧 9. private--privacy 隐私；私密 10. able--ability 能力 11. popular--popularity 流行 12. secure--security安全 13. major--msjority 多数 14. necessary--necessity必要性 15. accurate--accuracy准确性 16. efficient--efficiency 效率；功效 17. fluent--fluency 流利；流畅 18. cruel--cruelty 残忍的 19. responsible--responsibility责任 20. weak--weakness虚弱；弱点 PART FOUR -练一练- 1. The movie named A Little Red Flower shows ________(parent) love for their children. 2. To let us know more about your hometown, can you give a ________(describe) of it? 3. Then there was an ________ (explode) of bright colors and lively music, and the group jumped into action. 4. They were due to pay the balance on ________ (deliver). 5. At a ________ (tailor) shop nearby, he witnessed a debate on the fashion. parents‘ description explosion delivery tailor’s 6. I am writing this e-mail to send my ________________(congratulate) to you on your victory. 7. You'll hear these ___________ (participate) stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid. 8．The trend in the food service industry towards lower fat content and less salt has had some unintended side ___________ (effect) such as overweight and heart disease. 9．The ___________ (possible) that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space. 10．Nowadays so many ___________ (medium) are used in our daily life such as films, TV, the radio and books. congratulations participants’ effects possibility media （2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give (interview) in English with international journalists. 1.（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give________________ (interview) in English with international journalists. 2.（2021浙江卷）In 1844 they bought it for $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ___________ (marry)ceremony in 1842. 3.（2022浙江 1月卷）When the answer, was no, she, declined the ___________(invite). 4.（2021新高考I卷）The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we_________(human) are. interviews marriage invitation humans 高考真题 interviews 5.（2023全国乙卷）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place that welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural_____________ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. wonders 6.（2021北京卷）Why do we dream？Scientists aren't completely sure,and they have diverse _____________ (idea). 2021浙江卷1月）It is calculated by dividing a __________ (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 is considered healthy. 8.（2026浙江卷1月）One of my earliest memories is being held in her arms, counting down the flashing green _________(number) together. ideas numbers person’s THANKS $