专题十八　词语运用 课件-2026年河北中考英语二轮复习

河北专用 中考英语 专题十八　词语运用 词语运用的解题技巧 类型1　巧解用所给词的适当形式填空型 此类题型会在括号内给出提示单词,让学生结合上下文和语法知识进行填空,此题型侧重考查单词 词形变化和词性转换。 方法1　准确判断所填单词的词形及词性 解答此类题目时,要利用上下文语境、设空处在句子中的位置、充当的成分、语法规则等来判断 所填词的正确形式。若为名词,应注意其单复数、可数还是不可数及其所有格形式;若为动词,应 注意人称、数、时态、语态及谓语动词形式;若为修饰语,应注意修饰的对象;若为代词,应注意代 词的各种形式;若为形容词、副词,应注意其比较等级的变化;若为数词,要注意基数词与序数词的 正确运用。 例    She is a warm and 　　      (friend) person. 分析　设空处修饰后面的名词“person”,故应用形容词形式,friend的形容词形式为friendly。 方法2　找准标志词 英语中一些时态、句型和固定用法都有一些标志性的词汇,我们只要能辨别它们,该类题型就迎刃 而解了。 例    She is popular among us. She always 　　     (like) to help others. 分析　由前句“She is popular among us.”可知,此句属于现在语境;由“always”可知,本句应该 用一般现在时,句子主语“She”是第三人称单数,故设空处应该填写like的三单形式likes。 类型2　巧解盲填型 此类词语运用题不会给任何提示信息,学生需要根据句意和上下文语境填入语法、词义、词形均 正确的单词。河北省中考的此类试题以考查冠词、介词、副词和连词为主。 方法3　固定搭配法 在答题过程中,考生如能迅速地判断识别出固定搭配,不仅能够提高答题的准确率,而且可以节省 答题时间。因此考生平时要注意积累固定短语和固定句型。 例    She often says hello 　　     me from her front garden when I come back home. 分析　“say hello to sb.”为固定结构,意为“和某人打招呼”,故填to。 方法4　熟练掌握冠词的基本用法 在河北省近几年的中考中,冠词是词语运用题中每年必考的知识点。所以考生必须熟练掌握三种 冠词的基本用法,才能做到应对自如。 例    She made 　　     very big cake with fresh flowers on it. 分析　根据“very big cake with fresh flowers on it”可知,此处表泛指,指一个很大的蛋糕,very以辅 音音素开头,使用不定冠词a。 方法5　逻辑关系法 词语运用题型中上下文之间、各段落之间一般逻辑关系比较紧密。通过上下文暗示、故事的线 索、文章前后段之间的逻辑关系、文章前后内容之间的逻辑关系以及人物情感的发展来分析文 章,进而推断出合适的连词。 例    He is busy every day, 　　     he tries to spend more time with us. 分析　设空处前说“他每天很忙”,空后说“他尽量花时间和我们在一起”,前后形成转折关系, 应用连词but。 Passage 1 Susan is my sister. She is three years 1.　    (old) than me. We have been best 2.　     (friend) to each other since we were little. We often 3.　   (talk) about our daily life and dreams when we were young. Time flies and we have grown up. My sister is a doctor and she is always nice 4.　     her patients. Her wish is that all her patients will become 5.　    (health). l am really proud of 6.　    she does. I work in 7.　     famous computer company, which is the 8.　     (two) largest one in China. I am busy on weekdays, but I am free on weekends. I often go to my sister’s home for dinner, because my house is very close to 9.　     (she). She always 10.　   (cook) delicious meals for me. We can often stay together as before. 题型特训 older friends talked to healthy what a second hers cooks 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文中叙述了“我”和“我”的姐姐苏珊小时候和长大后的一些 情况。主题语境属于“人与社会”主题范畴中“社会服务与人际沟通”这一主题群,涉及子主题 “良好的人际关系与人际交往”。 1.older    考查形容词比较等级。设空处为形容词,由后面的“than”可知,此处应该用比较级。故 填older。 2.friends　考查名词。由“We have been best”可知,此处应填friend的复数形式。故填friends。 3.talked　考查一般过去时。由“when we were young”可知,这是小时候发生的事情,应用一般过 去时。设空处应填talk的过去式。故填talked。 4.to　考查介词。be nice to为固定搭配,意为“对某人好”。故填to。 5.healthy　考查形容词。设空处位于系动词“become”后作表语,应用形容词形式。health的形容 词形式为healthy。故填healthy。 6.what　考查宾语从句引导词。分析句子结构,介词“of”后是宾语从句,从句中缺少“does”的 宾语,what作宾语从句的引导词时,意为“什么”,符合语境。故填what。 7.a　考查冠词。“company”为可数名词,根据语境可知此处表泛指,且“famous”以辅音音素开 头,应用不定冠词a。故填a。 8.second　考查数词。分析句子结构,本句为“the+序数词+形容词最高级”结构,意为“第……最 ……”,此处指“中国第二大的电脑公司”。故填second。 9.hers　考查代词。分析语境可知,设空处指代她的家,空后没有名词,应用she的名词性物主代词 hers。故填hers。 10.cooks　考查一般现在时。根据“always”可知,本句应该用一般现在时,且句子主语是第三人 称单数“She”,故设空处应填写cook的三单形式cooks。 Passage 2 My name is Lynn and I have a twin sister named Monica. Every year we celebrate our birthday togeter, and we usually get 1. (interest) gifts. Our dad bought a piano as a gift on our 2. (twelve) birthday. From then on, Monica started to learn to play 3. piano but I didn’t. I wasn’t interested 4. it until last month. I watched a program on TV about some little 5. (girl). They recorded their music and posted the videos on the Internet. I decided to learn music 6. I watched the wonderful videos. I 7. (tell) my idea to Monica. She decided to help me 8. (glad). Now she usually spends two hours 9. (teach) me every night. Though it’s not easy for 10. (I) to play it as well as her, I will try my best. I hope we can perform on the same stage one day. interesting twelfth the in girls when told gladly teaching me 语篇解读    本文是一篇记叙文。文中叙述了作者和双胞胎妹妹学习弹钢琴故事。主题语境属于 “人与社会”主题范畴中“社会服务与人际沟通”这一主题群,涉及子主题“和谐家庭与社区 生活”。 1.interesting　考查形容词。所给提示词是“interest”,修饰名词“gifts”,是物,应用-ing形式的形 容词来修饰。故填interesting。 2.twelfth　考查数词。所给提示词是基数词,修饰后面的名词“birthday”,可知此处是表示“某人 的几岁生日”,应用序数词表示。故填twelfth。 3.the　考查冠词。“play+the+乐器”表示“演奏某种乐器”,应用定冠词the。故填the。 4.in　考查介词。“be interested in”为固定短语,意为“对……感兴趣”,此处指直到上个月“我” 才对它感兴趣。故填in。 5.girls　考查名词。所给提示词“girl”是可数名词,由前面“some”可知,此处应该用名词的复数 形式。故填girls。 6.when　考查从属连词。分析句子结构可知,句子“I watched the wonderful videos”作整个句子 的时间状语,应用when引导这个时间状语从句。故填when。 7.told　考查一般过去时。由上下文时态可知,此处描述的是过去的事情,应用一般过去时,设空处 应该用所给动词的过去式。tell的过去式为told。故填told。 8.gladly　考查副词。设空处修饰前面的动词“help”,应用其副词形式,glad的副词形式是glad- ly。故填gladly。 9.teaching　考查非谓语动词。句型“sb. spend time doing sth.”意为“某人花费……时间做某 事”。设空处应用动词-ing形式。故填teaching。 10.me　考查代词。所给提示词是人称代词,设空处位于介词“for”后作宾语,应用宾格形式。I的 宾格形式为me。故填me。 Passage 3 Friends are different things to different people. To my brother, a friend is someone who likes to build 1. (shelf) and ride bikes. My dad’s friends are neighbors who help him with the work like 2. (plant) trees. Steve is my best friend. His house is next to 3. (my). He is a 4. 0 (friend) person. We go skating and talk 5. sports. He often asks people 6. hhe can do for them. When I 7. (break) my leg, he always carried my schoolbag for me. A friend is someone who gives you total freedom to be 8. (you). Some friends may be in your life for 9. 0 while. Others will be there for a long time, maybe even forever. I would hate to move, 10. I could take my friends with me. They are too important to leave behind. shelves planting mine friendly what about broke yourself a unless 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文中主要叙说了作者和最好的朋友史蒂夫之间的深厚友谊。主 题语境属于“人与社会”主题范畴中“社会服务与人际沟通”这一主题群,涉及子主题“良好的 人际关系与人际交往”。 1.shelves　考查名词。本句是并列结构,“shelf”是可数名词,由下文“and ride bikes”可知,设空 处的名词应该用复数形式。故填shelves。 2.planting　考查非谓语动词。分析语境可知,此处“like”为介词,意为“例如,好比”,后面的动词 用-ing形式。故填planting。 3.mine　考查代词。分析语境可知,设空处指代“我的家”,空后没有名词,应填名词性物主代词。 my的名词性物主代词为mine。故填mine。 4.friendly　考查形容词。设空处修饰后面的名词“person”,应用形容词;friend的形容词形式为 friendly。故填 friendly。 5.about　考查介词。“talk about”为固定短语,意为“谈论”,此处指“谈论运动”。故填about。 6.what　考查宾语从句引导词。设空处为宾语从句的引导词,由后面的“he can do”可知此处指 “他可以做的事”,what作引导词时意为“什么”。故填what。 7.broke　考查一般过去时。本句为主从复合句,由主句的谓语动词“carried”可知,此处应用一般 过去时,设空处应填动词的过去式。break的过去式为broke。故填broke。 8. yourself 　考查代词。分析语境,此处指“朋友是给你完全的自由让你做自己的人。”设空处应用反身代词表示“自己”。故填yourself。 9.a　考查冠词。“for a while”为固定短语,意为“一会儿”,此处指“有些朋友可能会在你的生 活中短暂出现。”故填a。 10.unless　考查从属连词。空前写“我讨厌搬家”,空后是“我可以带上我的朋友”。此处表示 否定的假设,应用unless引导条件状语从句。故填unless。 Passage 4 One day, the students of Class 6 were reading in the classroom. Mrs. Brown came in and 1. ((tell) them that they would have to change the classroom because of a new student. All of the students didn’t agree 2. Mrs. Brown. “Why must we move to another classroom just because someone new is coming?” one of them asked 3. (angry). Mrs. Brown stood there without saying anything. After a few 4. (minute), she told them to be kind to their new classmate and then she left. The following week, Mrs. Brown brought the new student to 5. (they) class. In fact, she pushed the new student to the class 6. the student was in a wheelchair(轮椅). She said that Jefff now was 7. member of the class. She said, “Helping each other is very important.” told with angrily minutes their because a Jeff was 8. (good) at schoolwork than the others. He often helped the students who didn’t understand their work without thinking 9. (two). The class felt very 10. (thank) to him. They took care of him because they knew that when someone did something for you, you should do something back in return. better twice thankful 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文中叙述了班里要转来一名新同学前后发生的故事。主题语境属于 “人与自我”主题范畴中“生活与学习”这一主题群,涉及子主题“多彩、安全、有意义的学校生活。 1.told　考查一般过去时。本句是并列结构,由前文“came in and”可知,设空处应用动词的过去式。 tell的过去式为told。故填told。 2.with　考查介词。“agree with sb.”为固定用法,意为“同意某人的观点、建议或决定”。此处指 “所有的学生都不同意布朗老师的观点”。故填with。 3.angrily　考查副词。设空处修饰前面的动词“asked”,应用副词形式。angry的副词形式是angrily。 故填angrily 。 4.minutes　考查名词。minute是可数名词,由前面的修饰词“a few”可知,此处应用复数形式minutes, 故填minutes。 5.their　考查代词。所给提示词是人称代词,设空处修饰后面的名词“class”,应用形容词性物主代词, they的形容词性物主代词为their。故填their。 6.because　考查从属连词。“她把那个新来的学生推到了班上”与“那个学生坐在轮椅上”是 因果关系,且“前果后因”,应用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 7.a　考查冠词。空后“member”为可数名词,根据上文可知此处表泛指,且member 以辅音音素开 头,应用不定冠词a。故填a。 8.better　考查形容词。所给提示词是形容词,由下文的“than”可知,设空处应用比较级形式,good 的比较级形式为better。故填better。 9.twice　考查副词。“without thinking twice”为固定短语,意为“不假思索”。此处指“他经常 不假思索地帮助那些不懂作业的同学”。故填twice。 10.thankful　考查形容词。设空处位于系动词“felt”后面,应用形容词形式,thank的形容词形式 为thankful。故填thankful。 温馨提示:更多词语运用专项训练见“主题整合训练”。 谢谢观看 $