专题十五 完形填空 课件-2026年河北中考英语二轮复习

河北专用 中考英语 专题十五 完形填空 一、完形填空的解题步骤 完形填空是一项综合性训练,解题步骤一般用“四步法”: 第一步:速浏览,抓大意 先快速地浏览全文,以便对文章有全面的了解,抓住文章的大意。浏览全文时,速度一定要快。如 果遇到个别生词或难懂的句子,要么通过上下文猜测其意义,要么暂时跳过,不必进行字斟句酌地 精读。抓住了文章的大意后,围绕文章大意去阅读、预测、判断,往往会收到事半功倍的效果。 第二步:扣大意,做易题 通过快速浏览抓住文章的大意后,就可以开始逐句精读短文,逐题分析选项,克服“思维定式”,根 据全文大意和“词不离句、句不离文”的原则,逐项填空。做题时应遵循“先易后难”的原则,先 把有把握的题选定,对于没有把握的题可暂时跳过,先做后面的题。等填完有把握的空后,再回过 头来做前面的难题。如此反复,各个击破。 第三步:细推敲,攻难关 一些难题设置得比较巧妙,四个选项从语法角度或习惯搭配来看都说得通。对于这样的题应从全 篇文章内容上考虑,结合文章的整体内容加以分析、仔细推敲,选出在文章特定的情景中所需要的 那个选项。由于有把握的空已选定,文章又多了许多有效信息,这时难题也就容易了。 第四步:读全文,纠失误 短文填空完成后应从头至尾再读一遍。根据语感和对整篇短文的理解,将较明显的错误改正,个别 需要推敲的再作调整,力争不出错。 二、完形填空的解题技巧 类型1　语境推断 完形填空着眼于整体理解,必须在理解全文大意的基础上才能较为准确地推出答案。语境推断是 根据上下文理解语境,体会作者的情感态度,推断出符合场景的最佳选项。 例    As a boy, Kevin visited national parks and he learned the Earth is in 　　    condition. He felt worried, and he wanted to... A.right　　　B.safe　　　C.poor　　　D.natural 分析　根据下文“He felt worried”可知,凯文了解到地球状况不好,故选C。 类型2　逻辑推理 完形填空上下文之间、各段落之间一般逻辑关系比较紧密。通过上下文暗示,从故事的线索、文 章前后段之间的逻辑关系、文章前后内容之间的逻辑关系以及人物情感的发展等方面来分析文 章,进而推断出答案。常见的表逻辑的连词或副词有: ①并列与递进关系:and、or、also、both...and...、neither...nor...、either...or...、one...the other...、 not only...but also...、besides、what is more、even等; ②因果关系:because、for、since、as、therefore、so、so...that、thanks to、as a result、because of、for this reason、...so that...等; ③转折/让步关系:but、however、yet、on the one hand...on the other hand...、while、rather than、 instead of、except、although、though、even though、even if等。 例    In class, a teacher may ask students to raise their hands 　　    they speak. A.because　　　B.though　　　C.before　　　D.unless 分析    空前写“学生举手”,空后是“他们发言”,从逻辑上推理,顺序应该是学生发言之前先举 手。故答案为C。 类型3　词汇复现 词汇复现指的是某一词以原词、同义词、近义词、派生词或其他形式重复出现在语篇中。语篇 中的句子正是通过这种复现关系实现了相互衔接。常见的词汇复现如下:原词复现、上义词和下 义词复现、同义词或近义词复现。 例    Kevin is a special swimmer. He took risks to 　　    in very cold places because he wanted people to pay attention to environmental problems. A.fly　　　B.swim　　　C.run　　　D.skate 分析　由前句“Kevin is a special swimmer.”中的“swimmer”可知,他冒险在寒冷的地方游泳,故 选B。此处是“swimmer”的词汇复现。 类型4　生活常识 做此类试题时,学生需要联系国内外风俗文化、生活习惯、社会历史等方面的生活常识,并结合实 际生活来选择正确答案。 例    He wanted people to know that glaciers in the Himalayas are disappearing 　　     global(全球的)warming and that there’s less water for people in nearby ... like China, India, and Pakistan. A.because of　　　 B.opposite to C.according to　　　 D.instead of 分析　喜马拉雅山上的冰川正在消失是因为全球变暖。这是大家都知道的常识。故答案为A。 类型5　固定搭配 考生需要结合语境并利用常用句型、习惯用法、搭配及表达来选出答案。考生平时应积累动词 短语、固定句型等。 例    He was always looking for a better way to do a simple job. His guiding hands,together with my 　　    in inventing, led me to become an engineer and an inventor. A.habit　　　B.story 　　　C.interest　　　D.plan 分析　由空后的in inventing判断此空填interest。interest in (doing)sth. 意为“对(做)……的兴 趣”。本句句意为:他的指引和我对发明的兴趣,引领着我成了一个工程师和发明家。故选C。 Passage 1 Some people have no interest in sports. They think that sports make them 　　    and smell bad.They say, “Why waste time playing sports?” To these people, I politely say, “You have not discovered the 　　    of sports!” Let me share with you a basketball game I played two weeks ago. Our parents and friends were there to　　    us. A lot of people were watching. We all wanted to 　　    the game in front of so many people. The game was 　　    over and we were one point behind.Our coach called us together and said, “Okay, this is it! Either we score now or the game is over. Let’s work hard to score. Even if we don’t 题型特训 score, 　　    we know that we have tried our best. So, boys, don’t think too much. It doesn’t matter if we lose. Just do it.” Well, in the last 　　    of the game, we truly scored and two teams tied (打成平局)!We went into overtime(加时赛) and we lost in the end. But after the game, the coach hugged all of us. He told us that he was 　　    because he had never seen a team try harder than us. To be honest, I 　　    a lot of pleasure in playing sports. It makes me happy and comfortable. That’s why I play sports whenever I get the chance. So my 　　    is to choose a sport and keep doing it. Your body will thank you and your mind will be ready to work well. 1.A.lazy　　　　 B.tired　　　　 C.ugly　　　　 D.stupid 2.A.price　　　 B.time C.fun　　　　 D.level 3.A.call　　　　 B.praise C.help　　　　 D.cheer 4.A.win　　　　 B.watch C.join　　　　 D.report 5.A.suddenly　　B.nearly C.finally　　　 D.recently 6.A.at first　　　B.at once C.at times　 　 D.at least 7.A.month　　　B.week C.hour　　 D.minute 8.A.brave　　　 B.active C.proud　　　 D.honest 9.A.feel　　　　 B.face C.guess　　 　 D.give 10.A.advice　　 B.order C.action　　　 D.interest 语篇解读    本文是一篇记叙文。文中作者通过叙述自己参加的一场尽力而为的篮球比赛,给大家 分享运动的好处和快乐,同时呼吁大家参与运动。主题语境属于“人与自我”范畴中的“生活与 学习”主题群,涉及“丰富、充实、积极向上的生活”子主题内容。 1.B　语境推断。结合选项,由下文“smell bad”可知,此处指他们认为运动使他们劳累且产生难 闻的气味。tired劳累的,符合语境。故选B。 2.C　语境推断。由最后一段前两句“To be honest,I...a lot of pleasure in playing sports. It makes me happy and comfortable.”可知,此处指作者认为不爱运动的人没有发现运动的乐趣。fun乐趣, 符合语境。故选C。 3.D　生活常识。根据常识可知,比赛时亲友们会去喊加油。cheer sb.给某人加油。故选D。 4.A　语境推断。由第三段中“Either we score now or the game is over. Let’s work hard to score.” 可知,“我们”都想赢得这场比赛。故选A。 5.B　语境推断。由下文“Either we score now or the game is over.”可知,比赛即将结束,nearly将 近,符合语境。故选B。 6.D　逻辑推理。at first首先;at once立刻; at times有时;at least至少。本句是Even if引导的让步状 语从句,at least符合语境,此处指“即使我们没有得分,至少我们知道我们已经尽力了”。故选D。 7.D    语境推断。由上文第三段第一句“The game was... over and we were one point behind.”可 知,比赛快结束了,此处应是在最后一分钟打成平局。故选D。 8.C　语境推断。由下文“because he had never seen a team try harder than us”可知,此处指教练很 自豪,proud自豪的,符合语境。故选C。 9.A　语境推断。由下文“It makes me happy and comfortable.”可知,此处指“我”在运动中感到 很愉快。故选A。 10.A　语境推断。由下文“Your body will thank you and your mind will be ready to work well.”可 知,“choose a sport and keep doing it”是对那些不爱运动的人的一个建议。故选A。 Passage 2 　　Kevin is a special swimmer. He took risks to 　　    in very cold places because he wanted people to pay attention to environmental problems. As a boy, Kevin visited national parks and he learned the Earth is in 　　    condition. He felt worried, and he wanted to 　　    the Earth. In 2009, he went to swim in water near the North Pole (北极) to draw people’s attention to the melting glaciers (融化的冰川). Kevin said that the swim was so painful that it would be his 　　    time swimming in cold water. In 2016, he heard about a lake in the Himalayas (喜马拉雅山脉). It was formed by melting glaciers. He 　　    to swim in cold water again. It was difficult to swim in the lake. The air was so 　　    that it was hard to breathe. He told people about his experiences on TV. He wanted people to know that glaciers in the Himalayas are disappearing 　　    global (全球的) warming and that there’s less water for people in nearby 　　    like China, India, and Pakistan. From Kevin’s story, we learn two 　　    . We learn that people can do a lot of harm to the Earth without realizing it. Also, we learn that if we 　　    the way we think, we can do something to protect our environment. With the new way of thinking in our minds, we can enjoy a bright future. 11.A.fly　　　　 B.swim　　　 C.run　　　　 D.skate 12.A.right　　　 B.safe C.poor　　　　D.natural 13.A.protect　　 B.leave C.find　　　　 D.share 14.A.last　　　　 B.great C.free　　　　 D.long 15.A.hated　　　 B.agreed C.learned　　　 D.decided 16.A.fresh　　　 B.thin C.clear　　　　 D.cool 17.A.because of　 B.opposite to　 C.according to　 D.instead of 18.A.cities　　　 B.countries C.towns　　　 D.villages 19.A.choices　　 B.reports C.reasons　　　 D.lessons 20.A.ask　　　　 B.show C.change　　　 D.record 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了一个名叫凯文的男孩为了吸引人们关注环境问题而在寒冷 的地方游泳的故事。主题语境属于“人与自然”主题范畴中“环境保护”这一主题群,涉及子主 题“环境污染及原因,环保意识和行为”。 11.B　词汇复现。由前句“Kevin is a special swimmer.”中的“swimmer”可知,此处指他冒险在 寒冷的地方游泳,故选B。此处是“swimmer”的词汇复现。 12.C　语境推断。由下文“He felt worried”可知,地球的情况很糟糕。故答案为C。 13.A　语境推断。由下文“In 2009,he went to swim in water near the North Pole to draw people’s attention to the melting glaciers.”可知,他想要保护地球。故答案为 A。 14.A　语境推断。由上文“the swim was so painful”可知,他不想再在寒冷的水里游泳了,即这是 最后一次了。故答案为A。 15.D　语境推断。由上文“In 2016, he heard about a lake in the Himalayas. It was formed by melting glaciers.”可推知,他决定再在冰水里游一次,以警醒世人。故答案为D。 16.B　语境推断。由下文“it was hard to breathe”可知,空气很稀薄。故答案为B。 17.A    生活常识。喜马拉雅山上的冰川正在消失是因为全球变暖,这是大家都知道的常识。故答 案为A。 18.B　生活常识。由常识可知,下文“China, India and Pakistan”都是国家。故答案为B。 19.D　语境推断。由下文内容并结合选项可知,从凯文的故事中我们吸取到了两个教训,故答案为D。 20.C　语境推断。由下文“With the new way of thinking in our minds”可知,此处指如果“我们” 改变思维方式,“我们”就可以做点什么来保护环境。故答案为 C。 Passage 3 　　Whenever the exam season comes, stress(焦虑) may come along. Here are some 　　    that have helped me and my friends through this season. When the stress of exams is really hitting me, I stop and take a walk. I usually borrow my neighbor’s dog and 　　    for about fifteen minutes. Many boys would simply choose to run for a while, or play ball games. Having some 　　    drives away your stress easily most of the time. And 　　    you find music helpful, give it a go. Listening to your favorite songs will surely make you 　　    . The best thing about this is that you don’t have to go 　　    . But if you are a book lover just like me, 　　    a book you like for half an hour. Reading can take you to places you’ve 　　    been. Putting yourself into a new world helps you forget your stress in this world for a little bit. For sure, there’s nothing better than laughing. Laughing is the best medicine. It can really keep 　　     off your mind! Very often I call my best friend and we 　　    our good times or something funny, and I’m feeling better before I know it. Remember many others also face the problem of stress just like you, and it is not something that cannot be dealt with. 21.A.ways　　　　B.reasons　　　　C.habits　　　　D.results 22.A.walk　　　　 B.jump C.stand　　　　 D.sit 23.A.jokes　　　 B.sports C.tasks　　　　 D.lessons 24.A.before　　　 B.until C.since　　　　 D.if 25.A.lovely　　　 B.friendly C.happy　　　 D.sleepy 26.A.somewhere　 B.everywhere C.anywhere　　 D.nowhere 27.A.copy　　　　 B.write C.print　　　　 D.read 28.A.ever　　　　 B.never C.seldom　　　 D.always 29.A.worry　　　 B.pity C.surprise　　　 D.pain 30.A.think about　 B.talk about C.care about　　 D.hear about 语篇解读　本文为说明文。当考试季到来的时候,焦虑可能也会一起到来。本文就“如何缓解焦 虑”为我们提出了一些好的方法。主题语境属于“人与自我”主题范畴中“生活与学习”这一 主题群,涉及子主题“身心健康,抗挫能力,珍爱生命的意识”。 21.A　语境推断。由下文第二至第五段内容可知,作者主要分享了一些帮助自己和他的朋友们度 过考试季的方法,由此可知本题选择A项。 22.A　词汇复现。由上文中的“I stop and take a walk”可知,本句应指向邻居借狗并遛狗,此处是 “walk”的原词复现。故本题选择A项。 23.B　语境推断。上文中提到的“run for a while, or play ball games”均为运动,由此可知本题选 择B项。 24.D　逻辑推理。前句写“你觉得音乐有帮助”,后句是“你就试试”,前句是后句的条件,应用if 引导条件状语从句。故本题选择D项。 25.C　生活常识。根据常识可知,听最喜欢的歌会使人开心。故本题选择C项。 26.C    语境推断。分析语境可知,本句中的“this”指代上文提到的“Listening to your favorite songs”,听最喜欢的歌曲不用去任何地方。故本题选择C项。 27.D　词汇复现。由下文“Reading can take you...”可知,本句是指“读半个小时你喜欢的书”, 此处是“Reading”的派生词复现。故本题选择D项。 28.B　语境推断。由下文“a new world”可知,本句句意应是:读书能带你去你从没有去过的地 方。ever曾经;never从不;seldom很少;always总是。故本题选择B项。 29.A　语境推断。本文讲的是缓解焦虑的方法,由此可推测出“笑能够使烦恼远离你的大脑”, 故本题选择A项。 30.B　语境推断。由上文“Very often I call my best friend”可知,“我”和“我”最好的朋友在 电话中谈论“我们”的美好时光和好笑的事情。think about考虑;talk about谈论;care about关心,在 乎;hear about听说。故本题选择B项。 Passage 4 　　Imagine that your body is like a factory. It takes in “materials (材料)” and 　　    “goods”. If you start with poor materials, it’s likely that your goods won’t be very high-quality (高质量的).     　    if you use better materials, your goods will come out much better. What does this mean in real life? It means getting enough 　　    , eating food that is good for you, and exercising. You might not think about this much as a student, but believe me—as you get 　　    it becomes very important. It’s good to start building a better “factory” at a young age. Getting into the habit of living healthily can help you 　　    many ways. 　　    you get enough sleep, you’ll be able to focus better on your 　　    . Eating healthy food helps your body grow strong and fight off sickness. And exercise can help you stay 　　    both physically and mentally (精神上). This sounds like a lot to do. So start small — try to go to bed at the 　　    time each night and wake up at the same time as well. Find time to eat an apple each day. Try to 　　    just a little bit each day, even if it’s only for 10 minutes. Doing these little things will help you build a great “factory”. 31.A.gives in　　　　B.turns up　　　　C.takes off　　　　D.puts out 32.A.But　　　　 B.And C.So　　 　　 D.Or 33.A.sleep　　　　 B.food C.water　　　　 D.practice 34.A.stronger　　　　B.younger C.older　　　　 D.worse 35.A.at　　　　 B.on C.with　　　 　 D.in 36.A.If　　　 　B.Because C.Although　　　 D.Unless 37.A.health　　　　 B.studies C.goods　　　 D.bodies 38.A.easy　　　　 B.nervous C.fit　　　　 D.happy 39.A.same　　　　 B.late C.different　　　　D.unusual 40.A.sleep　　　　 B.eat C.build　　　　 D.exercise 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。在文中,作者主要阐述了充足睡眠、吃对自己有好处的食物和锻 炼对身体的好处,并建议人们从小事做起,养成良好的生活习惯。主题语境属于“人与自我”范畴 中的“生活与学习”主题群,涉及子主题“身心健康、抗挫能力,珍爱生命的意识”。 31.D　语境推断。 give in投降;turn up开大;take off脱下;put out输出,发布。根据“Imagine that your body is like a factory.”可知,工厂要吸收原材料并输出商品。故答案为D。 32.A　逻辑推理。设空处前写材料不好商品质量就不好,设空处后写用好材料商品质量就好,前后 是转折关系,应用表示转折关系的并列连词but。故答案为A。 33.A　词汇复现。由第三段第三句中的“...you get enough sleep”可知,此处指要有充足的睡眠, 此处是“sleep”的原词复现。故答案为A。 34.C　语境推断。由上文“You might not think about this much as a student”可知,学生还小,考虑 的可能不多,随着年龄的增长,健康生活方式就很重要了。故答案为C。 35.D　固定搭配。in many ways为固定短语,意为“在许多方面”。故答案为D。 36.A　逻辑推理。前半句写“你有充足的睡眠”,后半句写“你能更好地集中精力于你的……”; 前句是后句的条件,应用if引导条件状语从句。故答案为A。 37.B    语境推断。由上文“as a student”可知,作为学生,主要任务是学习。由此可知,本句是说充 足的睡眠能使你更加集中精力去学习。故答案为B。 38.C　生活常识。根据常识可知,锻炼使人身心健康。故答案为C。 39.A　词汇复现。由下文“wake up at the same time as well”可知建议在相同时间睡觉,也在相同 时间醒来,此处是“same”的原词复现。故答案为A。 40.D　语境推断。由第二段可知,作者主要阐述了充足睡眠、吃对自己有好处的食物和锻炼对身 体的好处。前文说了睡眠和饮食,所以,此处要说锻炼。故答案为D。 Passage 5 　　My 4-year-old son Justin found a caterpillar (毛毛虫) and put it in a box. Each day, he 　　    it fresh grass and leaves. In a few weeks, the caterpillar became fat and was ready to sleep. One morning we found it had 　　    a cocoon (茧). Justin was 　　    . He knew a moth (飞蛾) or butterfly was about to be born. “Dad! 　　    is happening. Come and look!” He shouted happily. We could clearly see the wings     　    . A few days later, a beautiful black moth broke free from its cocoon. The next day, Justin took the box outside and opened it, and the little moth flew out. It flew around the yard twice, 　　    , and landed on Justin’s arm. He picked it up and threw it in the air, 　　    the moth came back again. He tried over and over to set it free, but each time it would return to his arm. It was afraid to 　　     comfortable places and situations. It wanted to stay with something familiar and was afraid to move on and experience new things. I was once that little moth. My cocoon was my mother’s love which made me comfortable like the moth. I didn’t want to fly too far from it. When my first job required me to move to a new city, I was afraid but later I chose to move there. And finally, I found I was happy about my 　　    . Humans are animals of habit. We 　　    change. However, if we don’t move, we won’t experience many new things. So spread your wings and fly. 41.A.caught　　　　B.gave　　　　C.carried　　　　D.found 42.A.become　　　 B.eaten C.caught　　　　 D.reached 43.A.sad　　　　 B.scared C.excited　　　　D.bored 44.A.Anything　　 B.Nothing C.Everything　　 D.Something 45.A.indoor　　　 B.outdoor C.inside　　　　 D.outside 46.A.came up　　　 B.came back C.gave back　　 D.paid back 47.A.and　　　 B.or C.but　　　 　 D.so 48.A.stay　　　　 B.feel C.develop　　　 D.leave 49.A.decision　　　B.job C.city 　　　 D.success 50.A.enjoy　　　　 B.hate C.plan　　　　 D.love 语篇解读    本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过叙述自己的孩子Justin养的毛毛虫变成飞蛾后,由于习 惯了人类的喂养而不愿意离去的故事,告诉我们应该在不断变化中适应自己、完善自己。主题语 境属于“人与自我”范畴中的“做人与做事”主题群,涉及子主题“自我认识,自我管理,自我 提升”。 41.B　语境推断。由上文“My 4-year-old son Justin found a caterpillar and put it in a box.” 可知, Justin把毛毛虫养起来了,所以,他每天给毛毛虫新鲜的草和树叶。故答案为B。 42.A　生活常识。根据常识,毛毛虫会变成茧,设空处词汇的意思应该是“变成”。故答案为A。 43.C　语境推断。由下文“He knew a moth or butterfly was about to be born.”可知,孩子期待的蝶 要破茧而出了,所以很兴奋。故答案为C。 44.D　语境推断。由下文“ He shouted happily.” 可推知,事情正在发生进展。故答案为D。 45.C　语境推断。由下文“A few days later, a beautiful black moth broke free from its cocoon.”可 知,此时蛾子还未破茧,所以只能看到茧里面的翅膀。故答案为C。 46.B　语境推断。由下文“landed on Justin’s arm”可知,蛾子又飞回来了。come up出现;come back回来;give back归还;pay back偿还。故答案为B。 47.C　逻辑推理。设空处前“He picked it up and threw it in the air”和设空处后“the moth came back again”是转折关系,设空处应填表示转折关系的连词but。故答案为C。 48.D　语境推断。由下文“It wanted to stay with something familiar and was afraid to move on and experience new things.”可知,蛾子害怕离开舒适的地方和环境。故答案为D。 49.A　词汇复现。由前文“When my first job required me to move to a new city, I was afraid but later I chose to move there.”可知,此处是指作者为去新城市工作的那个决定而感到高兴。“选 择”和“决定”意思相近,此处是“chose”的近义词复现。故答案为A。 50.B　语境推断。由下文转折连词“However”后面的句子“However, if we don’t move, we won’t experience many new things. ”可推知,此处作者表达的意思是人类厌烦改变。故答案为B。 谢谢观看 $