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人教版六年级下册英语知识清单
Unit 1 How tall are you?
一、重点词汇
重点单词
1. 形容词比较级:
younger 更年轻的 older 更年长的 shorter 更矮的;更短的
longer 更长的 heavier 更重的 bigger 更大的
stronger 更强壮的 lower 更低的 thinner 更瘦的
smaller 更小的 taller 更高的 smarter 更聪明的
2. 其他重点单词:
dinosaur 恐龙 both 两个都 shadow 阴影;影子
hall 大厅 countryside 乡村 kilogram 千克;公斤
than 比 metre(meter) 米 become 开始变得;变成
重点短语
how heavy 多重 how tall 多高 what size 多大号
in China 在中国 over there 在那边 have a look 看一看
look like 看起来像 grow taller 长得更高 get lower 变得更低
二、常用单句
1. Let's have a look. 让我们看一看。
2. Really? 真的吗?
3. What's happening here? 这里发生什么事了?
4. I can't wait. 我等不及了。
5. That's the tallest dinosaur in this hall. 那是这个厅里最高的恐龙。
6. It's taller than both of us together. 它比我俩加起来还高。
7. Your shadow is getting longer and longer. 你的影子变得越来越长。
8. You are becoming a big beautiful bird! 你正在变成一只又大又漂亮的鸟!
三、功能交际语
1. 询问身高:
—How tall are you? 你有多高?
—I'm 1.65 metres. 我身高1.65米。
2. 询问体重:
—How heavy are you? 你体重多少?
—I'm 48 kilograms. 我体重48公斤。
3. 询问尺码:
—What size are your shoes? 你穿多大号的鞋?
—Size 7. / My shoes are size 37. 7号的。/ 我穿37号的鞋。
四、知识点拨
1. 询问身高的句型及其答语:
问句: How tall + be + 主语? (be动词随主语变化:is/are)
答语: 主语 + be + 数词 + metre(s). / 数词 + metre(s).
例句: —How tall is Mike? 迈克有多高? —He is 1.5 metres. / 1.5 metres. 他身高1.5米。
2. 询问尺码的句型及其答语:
问句: What size + be + 物品(shoes, dress, sweater...)?
答语: 主语(物品) + be + size + 具体尺码. / Size + 具体尺码.
例句: —What size is your dress? 你的裙子多大码?
—It is size S. / Size S. S码。
3. 询问体重的句型及其答语:
问句: How heavy + be + 主语? (be动词随主语变化:is/are)
答语: 主语 + be + 数词 + kilogram(s). / 数词 + kilogram(s).
例句: —How heavy is Lily? 莉莉体重多少? —She is 40 kilograms. / 40 kilograms. 她体重40公斤。
4. 形容词比较级的核心句型:A be + 形容词比较级 + than B. (A比B更......)
例句: She is taller than me. 她比我高。
My pear is bigger than yours. 我的梨子比你的大。
5. 形容词比较级的变化规则:
(1)规则变化:
① 一般情况下,直接在词尾加-er。如: tall-taller, long-longer, short-shorter
② 以不发音的e结尾的,直接在词尾加-r。如: nice-nicer, late-later
③ 以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的,则双写这个辅音字母再加-er。如: big-bigger, thin-thinner, fat-fatter
④ 以"辅音字母+y"结尾的,则将y改为i再加-er。如: heavy-heavier, happy-happier
(2)不规则变化: good/well-better(更好), many/much-more(更多)
Unit 2 Last weekend
一、重点词汇
重点单词
1. 动词过去式(核心):
saw (see的过去式) 看见 slept (sleep的过去式) 睡觉
read (read的过去式) 读 washed (wash的过去式) 洗
fixed (fix的过去式) 修理 had (have的过去式) 患病,得病;有
stayed (stay的过去式) 停留;待 drank (drink的过去式) 喝
watched (watch的过去式) 看 cleaned (clean的过去式) 打扫
ate (eat的过去式) 吃 went (go的过去式) 去
2. 形容词:
loud 喧闹的;大声的 broken 破损的 faster 更快的
better 更好的 last 最近的;上一个的
3. 其他:
yesterday 昨天 before 在......之前 lamp 台灯
stay 暂住;逗留 hotel 旅馆 show 演出
magazine 杂志
重点短语
had a cold 感冒 cooked the food 烹饪食物
saw a film 看电影 the day before yesterday 前天
read a book 读书 last weekend 上个周末
stayed at home 待在家里 all night 整晚
washed my clothes 洗我的衣服 last night 昨晚
watched TV 看电视 made the beds 整理床铺
drank tea 喝茶 went boating 去划船
cleaned my room 打扫我的房间 did my homework 做家庭作业
went fishing 去钓鱼 visited my grandparents 看望祖父母
二、常用单句
1. I want to buy the new film magazine. 我想买期新的电影杂志。
2. I'm happy you feel better now. 我很高兴你现在感觉好些了。
3. It's faster than walking. 它比走路快。
4. How was your weekend? 你周末过得怎么样?
5. It was a busy one. 这是一个忙碌的周末。
6. Our room was big but everything was very old. 我们的房间很大,但是所有东西都很旧。
三、功能交际语
1. 询问周末过得怎么样:
—How was your weekend? 你周末过得怎么样?
—It was good / fine / bad, thank you. 很好/不错/不好,谢谢。
2. 询问过去做过什么:
—What did you do last weekend? Did you see a film? 你上周末干什么了? 你看电影了吗?
—No. I had a cold. I stayed at home all weekend and slept. 没有,我感冒了。我整个周末都待在家里睡觉。
—What did you do? 你(周末)干什么了?
—I stayed at home with your grandma. We drank tea in the afternoon and watched TV. 我和你奶奶待在家里。我们喝了下午茶,还看了电视。
3. 询问过去是否做了其他事:
—Did you do anything else? 你还做了其他什么事吗?
—Yes. I cleaned my room and washed my clothes. 是的,我打扫了房间,还洗了衣服。
四、知识点拨
1. 询问某人过去做过什么的句型及其答语:
问句: What did + 主语 + do ?
答语: 主语 + 动词的过去式 + 其他
例句: —What did Amy do yesterday? 埃米昨天干什么了?
—She washed her clothes. 她洗衣服了。
2. 询问对方在过去的时间里是否做了某事的句型及其答语:
问句: Did you + 动词(短语)原形 + 其他?
答语: Yes, I/we did. 或 No, I/we didn't.
例句: —Did you see elephants? 你看到大象了吗?
—Yes, I did. / No, I didn't. 是的,我看到了。/ 不,我没看到。
3. 动词过去式变化规则:
(1)规则变化:
① 一般情况下,直接在词尾加-ed。如: clean-cleaned, wash-washed, watch-watched
② 以不发音的e结尾的,直接在词尾加-d。如: dance-danced, like-liked, live-lived
③ 以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的,则双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed。如: stop-stopped, plan-planned
④ 以"辅音字母+y"结尾的,则将y改为i再加-ed. 如: study-studied, cry-cried
(2)不规则变化: have-had, see-saw, sleep-slept, read-read, drink-drank, go-went
Unit 3 Where did you go?
一、重点词汇
重点单词
1. 动词过去式:
went (go的过去式) 去 rode (ride的过去式) 骑(马;自行车)
bought (buy的过去式) 买 ate (eat的过去式) 吃
took (take的过去式) 拍照;拿 licked (lick的过去式) 舔
fell (fall的过去式) 摔倒 could (can的过去式) 能;可以
laughed (laugh的过去式) 笑 hurt (hurt的过去式) (使)受伤
saw (see的过去式) 看见 drank (drink的过去式) 喝
2. 其他:
gift 礼物 part 角色 off 从(某处)落下 beach 海滩;沙滩
Turpan 吐鲁番 till 直到 gift 礼物 part 角色
off 从(某处)落下 beach 海滩 basket 篮;筐 mule 骡子
fish 钓鱼;捕鱼 countryside 乡村 Labour Day 劳动节 rode a horse 骑马
far from... 离......很远 bought gifts 买礼物 took pictures 照相
went camping 去野营 look like 看起来像
fell off my bike 从我的自行车上摔下来 rode a bike 骑自行车
hurt my foot 弄伤了我的脚 went fishing 去钓鱼
ate some delicious food 吃了一些美味的食物 went swimming 去游泳 went to Turpan 去吐鲁番 rode a horse 骑马 stayed in the hotel 待在旅馆
二、常用单句
1. Oh dear! 哦,天哪!
2. That's too bad! 那太糟糕了!
3. It looks like a mule! 它看起来像头骡子!
4. Sounds great! 听上去不错!
5. What happened? 怎么了?
6. We saw lots of grapes there, but we couldn't eat them. 我们在那里看到了很多葡萄,但是我们不能吃它们。
7. It was a bad day but also a good day! 这是糟糕的一天,但也是美好的一天!
三、功能交际语
1. 询问发生了什么事:
—What happened? 怎么了?
—I fell off my bike last Saturday and hurt my foot. 上周六我从自行车上摔下来,弄伤了脚。
2. 询问过去去了哪里:
—Where did you go over your holiday? 你假期去了哪里?
—I went to Mt. Tianshan, Xinjiang. 我去了新疆天山。
3. 询问过去怎么去的某地:
—How did you go there? 你怎么去那里的?
—We went there by plane. 我们坐飞机去的。
4. 询问过去在某地做了什么:
—What did you do there? 你在那里做了什么?
—I rode a horse and took lots of pictures. 我骑了马,还拍了很多照片。
5. 询问过去是否去了某地:
—Did you go to Turpan? 你们去吐鲁番了吗?
—Yes, we did. / No, we didn't. 是的,我们去了。/ 不,我们没去。
四、知识点拨
1. 询问过去去了哪里的句型及其答语:
问句: Where did you go (+过去的时间)?
答语: I/We went to + 地点.
例句: —Where did you go last summer holiday? 你去年暑假去了哪里?
—I went to Sanya. 我去了三亚。
2. 询问过去怎么去某地的句型及其答语:
问句: How did you go there?
答语: I/We went there by + 交通工具. / On foot.
例句: —How did you go to Beijing? 你怎么去北京的?
—I went there by train. 我坐火车去的。
3. 情态动词could的用法:
could是can的过去式,后接动词原形。
例句: We could ride horses. We couldn't eat the grapes.
4. 不规则动词积累:
go-went ride-rode buy-bought eat-ate take-took
fall-fell hurt-hurt can-could
Unit 4 Then and now
一、重点词汇
重点单词
1. 动词及动词短语:
go cycling 去骑自行车 ice-skate 滑冰 play badminton 打羽毛球
look up 查阅 thought (think的过去式) 想 felt (feel的过去式) 感觉 woke (wake的过去式) 醒 dream (dream的过去式) 做梦;梦到
2. 名词:
dining hall 饭厅 gym 体育馆 grass 草坪 Internet 互联网 star 星 race 赛跑 cheetah 猎豹 dream 梦
3. 形容词及其他:
ago 以前 different 不同的 active 积极的 easy 容易的 nothing 没有什么 trip 绊倒
重点短语
... years ago ......年前 ... months ago ......个月前 last year 去年
last month 上个月 go cycling 去骑自行车 ice-skate 滑冰
play badminton 打羽毛球 look up 查阅 on the Internet 在互联网上
there was no 过去没有...... there were no 过去没有......(复数)
had a race 进行一场赛跑 fell over 绊倒 woke up 醒来
二、常用单句
1. There was no library in my old school. 我以前的学校里没有图书馆。
2. There were no computers or Internet in my time. 我那时候没有电脑也没有网络。
3. We didn't have a library, and there weren't any computer rooms at all. 我们没有图书馆,也根本没有电脑室。
4. Before, I was quiet. Now, I'm very active in class. 以前我很安静。现在我在课堂上很活跃。
5. I didn't like winter before. I thought it was too cold. 我以前不喜欢冬天。我觉得它太冷了。
6. What a dream! 多么奇妙的一个梦啊!
三、功能交际语
1. 描述学校/地方的过去与现在:
—There was no + 单数名词 + in... —Now there is a + 单数名词 + in...
例句: —There was no gym in my school thirty years ago. 三十年前我的学校里没有体育馆。
—Now there's a new one in our school. 现在我们学校里有一个新的。
—There were no + 复数名词 + in... —Now there are + 复数名词 + in...
例句: —There were no trees here before. 以前这里没有树。
—Now there are many trees here. 现在这里有很多树。
2. 描述个人的过去与现在:
—Before, I was + 形容词. / I didn't like + 名词/动词-ing.
—Now, I am + 形容词. / I like + 名词/动词-ing.
例句: —Before, I was short. Now, I am tall. 以前我很矮。现在我很高。
—Before, I didn't like ice-skating. Now, I love to ice-skate. 以前我不喜欢滑冰。现在我喜欢滑冰。
3. 询问对方怎么知道某事:
—How do you know that? 你怎么知道的?
—I looked it up on the Internet. 我在网上查到的。
四、知识点拨
1. there be句型的过去式:
(1)肯定句:There was + 单数名词/不可数名词 + 地点.
There were + 复数名词 + 地点.
例句: —Before, I was short. Now, I am tall. 以前我很矮。现在我很高。
(2)否定句:There was no + 单数名词/不可数名词 + 地点.
There were no + 复数名词 + 地点. (no = not any)
例句: There was no gym. = There was not a gym. 没有体育馆。
There were no computers. = There were not any computers. 没有电脑。
2. 描述过去与现在变化的核心句型:
(1)主语 + was/were + 形容词 + before.
主语 + am/is/are + 形容词 + now.
例句: She was quiet before. She is active now. 她以前很安静。她现在很活跃。
(2)主语 + didn't like + 名词/动词-ing + before.
主语 + likes/like + 名词/动词-ing + now.
例句: He didn't like football before. He likes football now. 他以前不喜欢足球。他现在喜欢足球。
3. 不规则动词积累:
think-thought feel-felt wake-woke dream-dreamed/dreamt
is/am-was are-were
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