Unit 1 Grammar Focus 课件- 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

Grammar Focus UNIT 1 Time to Relax （一）知识目标 掌握动词不定式的核心用法： 作宾语补足语（感官 / 使役动词后省略 to；ask/tell 等动词后接 to do）； 作目的状语（to do 表 “为了……”）； 不定式的否定形式（not to do）。 熟练运用与不定式搭配的高频动词： 感官动词（watch/see）、使役动词（make/let）； 动词短语（want to do/ask sb. to do/tell sb. not to do）。 理解 “it 作形式主语” 句型（It’s + adj. + to do）。 （二）能力目标 能在日常对话（如 “爱好、日常活动”）中正确使用不定式表达动作； 能识别句子中不定式的句法成分（宾补 / 状语）； 能完成不定式相关的填空、翻译等基础练习。 Learning objectives 动词不定式 + = （to） 动词原形 不定式 例 I don’t want to go. 带to不定式 They make me stay here. 省略to不定式 What are these two videos about? “动词不定式”是一种“非谓语动词”的形式，除了具有动词的部分特征之外，还具有 等不同性质的词类，可以在句子里扮演“主语”“宾语”“补语”的角色。 动词不定式? 名词 形容词 副词 不定式的用法 1 做名词用 1.做句子的主语 例 To leave here is impossible. To see her makes me nervous. 主语 主语 不定式做主语时，可视其为一个不可数名词，因此动词必须使用单数形式。 注 当不定式为句子的主语时，我们常会用it来代替不定式作为句子的“形式主语”（也就是假的主语），并把真正的主语（不定式）移到句子后面。 1 做名词用 1.做句子的主语 注 it(形式主语) to do(真正的主语) 我是主语。 我才是真的主语。 例 To cheat is wrong.→ = It is wrong to cheat. 真正主语 形式主语 不定式的用法 1 做名词用 2.做动词的宾语 不定式可以接在动词后面，作为动词的宾语。 例 Peter wants to go. You need to sleep. to go(去)为动词want的宾语 to sleep(睡)为动词need的宾语 不定式的用法 1 做动词用 2.做动词的宾语补足语 不定式可以接在动词后面，作为动词的宾语补足语。 例 Peter tells us to go. The policeman made us stand straight. to go(去)为谓语动词tell的宾语补足语 stand (站)为谓语动词made的宾语补足语,在make 后省略不定式符号to 不定式的用法 2 做形容词用 单个形容词做定语时放在名词前面: She is a cute girl. 而不定式做定语时，则是放在名词后面: 1.I have something to say. 2.The man needs a place to live. to say(说)修饰前面的代词something to live(住)修饰前面的名词a place 不定式做定语 不定式的用法 3.不定式的用法 3 做副词用 1.不定式可以放在动词后，修饰动词，以表示动作的“目的”，做目的状语 He sat down to rest. They all go out to help. 2.不定式可以放在形容词后，修饰形容词 做原因状语 I am glad to see you . We were excited to watch the game. to rest(休息)修饰动词短语sit down,表示坐下来是为了休息 to rest(帮忙)修饰动词短语go out,表示出去是为了帮忙 to see you(见到你)修饰形容词glad，表示“见到你”是“高兴的” to watch the game(观看比赛)修饰形容词excited，表示“看比赛”是“很兴奋的” 不定式做状语 What do you do in your free time? I play the flute to relax. How did you spend your weekend? I went to the sports centre to ice skate. How did you get into painting? I saw my motherpaint.I decided to give it a go. What did your instructor say? She told me not to give up so easily. 4a Read the sentences.Decide if each infinitive in bold functions as an object complement or adverbial 修饰谓语动词表目的-目的状语 修饰谓语动词表目的-目的状语 补充谓语动词-宾语 补充宾语-宾语补足语 常接动词不定式做宾语的动词 例句 plan, decide, hope, want, agree, offer, try, manage, promise, refuse, expect, wish, learn, afford, pretend 等。 1.I want to see the Beijing Opera. 2.Lingling offered to take me there. 3.I decided to give it a go. 常接动词不定式做宾语补足语的动词 例句 advise, allow, ask, tell, want, wish, encourage, expect, invite, teach, order, warn, persuade, cause, force 1.She told me not to give up so easily. 2.My parents encourage me to study abroad. 3.I want you to help me. 1.It made me decide to try skiing. 2. Try to forget your fears and have fun! 3. My cousin often asks me to fly kites with her when it’s windy. 4. I’d love to watch you fly kites sometime. 5. I love to spend long hours watching you relax. 6. When I want to relax, I watch animal videos. 7. My parents told me not to push myself too hard. 8. Yes, it’s important not to forget to relax once in a while. 圈出下列句子中的动词不定式，并判断在句中做了什么成分 补充宾语-宾语补足语 补充谓语动词-宾语 补充宾语-宾语补足语 补充宾语-宾语补足语 补充谓语动词-宾语 补充谓语动词-宾语 补充宾语-宾语补足语 做主语 Practice 动词 / 句型 搭配结构 含义 make make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事（省略 to） watch watch sb. do sth. 观看某人做某事（省略 to） ask ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事（带 to） want want to do sth. 想要做某事（带 to） tell tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事（带 to） It’s + adj. It’s adj. (not) to do sth. 做某事是…… 的（） try try to do sth. 努力做某事（带 to） Summary 1.A:Thanks for your advice!It made me (decide)to try skiing. B:You're welcome.Try (forget)your fears and have fun! 2.A:My cousin often asks me (fly)kites with her when it's windy. B:That sounds fun! I'd love to watch you (fly)kites sometime. 3.A:I love to watch kung fu movies (relax). B:Really?When I want (relax),I watch animal videos. 4.A:My parents told me (not push)myself too hard. B:Yes,it's important (not forget)to relax once in a while. decide to forget to fly fly to relax to relax not to push not to forget Practice 4b Complete the conversations with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. My twin brother and I look alike, but we are so different. I love sport, and I often meet my friends ______ football and tennis. My brother joined us to play football once or twice, but he decided ______ after that. He doesn’t like sport very much! Instead, he likes ______ at home and ______ movies, ______ to music, and ______ with friends online. Our parents were worried about him staying home too much. They also wanted us ______ more time together as a family. So, now they let us ______ our favourite activities on Saturdays, but on Sundays, we go on a family outing together! 4c Complete the passage with the infinitive forms of the verbs in the box. What do you usually do outdoors? 1.判断横线处的成分 状语 宾语 宾语 宾语 宾语 宾语 宾语补足语 宾语补足语 2.根据前后内容预测所需动词 play not come stay watch listen chat spend do My twin brother and I look alike, but we are so different. I love sport, and I often meet my friends ___________football and tennis. My brother joined us to play football once or twice, but he decided ______________ after that. He doesn’t like sport very much! Instead, he likes __________ at home and ______ movies, ______ to music, and ______ with friends online. Our parents were worried about him staying home too much. They also wanted us ______ more time together as a family. So, now they let us ______ our favourite activities on Saturdays, but on Sundays, we go on a family outing together! chat, (not) come, do, listen, play, spend, stay, watch to play not to comec to stay watch listen chat to spend do 请将下列句子翻译成英文，注意动词与不定式的搭配： 我妈妈让我每天练习弹钢琴。 我想邀请你和我一起去公园放风筝。 这部电影让我们忘记了所有的烦恼。 老师告诉我们不要放弃学习书法。 花时间和家人待在一起是很重要的。 我喜欢看我的朋友在户外放松。 My mother makes me practice playing the piano every day. I want to invite you to fly kites with me in the park. This movie made us forget all our worries. Our teacher told us not to give up learning calligraphy. It’s important to spend time staying with family. I like watching my friends relax outdoors. For all 词汇巩固： 抄写本课与不定式搭配的动词（make/watch/ask/want/tell），每个动词配 1 个本课例句。 语法练习： 完成课本 4B 题（已练习）的订正，标注每道题的语法点（如 “make 后接动词原形作宾补”）。 For some 语法辨析： 对比 “try to do” 和 “try doing” 的区别，各写 2 个原创例句（结合 “爱好” 主题）。 对话创作： 编写一段 5-6 句的对话（主题：“你和朋友的兴趣”），需包含至少 3 种不定式的用法（如宾补、目的状语、否定形式）。 Homework Lavf59.14.100 Lavf59.14.100 $