Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature评估测试卷 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit 4　评估测试卷 (总分120分，考试时间120分钟) 第一部分　听力(共四节，满分30分) 第一节　听句子，选择最佳答语(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分) 1．A.You，too. 　　　　 B．It doesn't matter. C．It's 5，464 metres long. 2．A.Yes，I'd love to. B．Last summer. C．It's so high. 3．A.The Sahara is a desert. 　　　　 B．Bad luck. C．Good idea. 4．A.I'm sorry. 　　　　 B．Have a good trip! C．At 5：30. 5．A.Great. B．Thank you. C．Not at all. 第二节　听对话和问题，选择正确答案(共13小题；每小题1分，满分13分) 6．What are they talking about? A． B． C． 7．Which place may Betty like best? A． B． C． ———————————————————————— 8．How big is Qinghai Lake? A．About 6，500 square kilometres. B．About 4，600 square kilometres. C．About 5，400 square kilometres. 9．When will the boy visit Qinghai Lake? A．This weekend. B．This July. C．This August. ———————————————————————— 10．Where is the Nile? A．In Asia. B．In Europe. C．In Africa. 11．How long is the Nile? A．6，671 kilometres long. B．8，070 kilometres long. C．7，661 kilometres long. 12．How many countries does the Nile pass through? A．9. B．10. C．11. ———————————————————————— 13．What are the speakers talking about? A．The highest mountain in China. B．The deepest lake in China. C．The longest river in China. 14．How long is it? A．More than 6，300 metres. B．More than 6，300 kilometres. C．More than 3，600 kilometres. 15．How many provincial－level regions does the river pass? A．11. B．12. C．13. ———————————————————————— 16．What is Wei Ming doing? A．Using the computer. 　　　　 B．Writing an email. C．Reading about the national parks. 17．What does Wei Ming think of Zhangjiajie National Forest Park? A．The most amazing park. B．The most beautiful park. C．The largest park. 18．Where is Dongjianghu National Wetland Park? A．In Hunan Province. 　　　　 B．In Sichuan Province. C．In Shaanxi Province. 第三节　听短文和问题，选择正确答案(共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分) 19．When is the best time to visit the Yellow Mountain? A．In February. B．In October. C．In December. 20．How long will it take you to get there by car from Nanjing? A．Two hours. 　 B．Six hours. C．Eight hours. 21．What can you enjoy while you are climbing the mountain? A．White clouds. B．Wild animals. C．Talk shows. ———————————————————————— 22．Where is Mount Gongga? A．In central China. 　　　　 B．In northeast China. C．In southwest China. 23．How high is the mountain? A．7，556 metres. 　　　　 B．7，565 metres. C．7，655 metres. 24．What is the meaning of“Gong”in Tibetan language? A．The colour white. 　　　　 B．Ice and snow. C．The King. 25．When did the mountain become famous? A．In 1390. B．In 1903. C．In 1930. 第四节　听短文填空(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分) Rainforests Introduction It's always 26.________ and hot in the rainforests. They cover 27.________% of the earth's surface. Many animals live in the trees over 30 metres from the 28.________． Value They help to keep the beauty of 29.________． Without them，many plants and animals would die out. They give us wood，food，fruit，30.________ and many more useful things. 第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分25分) 第一节　完形填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 It was early，and I was walking on wet grass down to my school.Suddenly，something __31__ straight from the ground，about 15 feet before me.What could make such a bright light？I waited to see whether it would __32__，but it didn't. I walked slowly toward it，but saw nothing.I looked down at the __33__，searching for gold or something like that—again，nothing.I dropped down to my knees for a __34__ look.Suddenly，I saw it.The rising sun hit the grass' dewdrops (露珠) __35__ from the very direction，sending amazing light into the sky. It was unbelievable！It was as though the unseen world was giving me a message.It said，“Hello.__36__ what's around you.”I've never forgotten that moment. So next time you're out，take some time to notice __37__，whose beauty most of us have never even seen.Take notice __38__ the bright colours of small flowers that cover playing fields.Watch busy bees __39__ tiny ants going about their day.All of these natural creations are excellent—if only we spent a while noticing them. Appreciate (欣赏) nature，and you'll find a tiny new __40__ each day to keep in your heart.It's one of the most valuable things I've ever done. 31．A.ran B．stopped C．shone D．flew 32．A.record B．repeat C．remain D．return 33．A.flower B．grass C．light D．picture 34．A.quicker B．slower C．farther D．closer 35．A.strangely B．weakly C．carelessly D．perfectly 36．A.Look at B．Look for C．Look up D．Look into 37．A.gold B．nature C．bees D．ants 38．A.of B．for C．with D．in 39．A.and B．or C．but D．so 40．A.notice B．story C．world D．habit 第二节　短文填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号内单词的正确形式。 Hongze Lake is in the west of Jiangsu Province.It is the fourth 41.________(large) freshwater lake in China. Hongze Lake has a long history.It 42.________(be) a small group of shallow lakes in the past，and known as Fuling Lake.In the Tang Dynasty，it 43.________(get) the name Hongze Lake.As time went by，the small lake 44.________(final) turned into Hongze Lake. There are many 45.________(kind) of fishes in Hongze Lake.Hongze Lake is also famous for 46.________(it) plants.Reeds (芦苇) almost cover the whole lake here.And the large－area reeds may even prevent boats from 47.________(get) through. In the northwest of Hongze Lake，there is a nature reserve 48.________ it is National Nature Reserve of Hongze Lake Wetland.The government started to build it 49.________ July 1st，1985.The reserve has 50.________ area of 49，365 hectares(公顷).It is the home 51.________ many birds.There are swans，cranes and other 52.________(nation) first－ and second－class rare and protected birds here.It offers these birds homes 53.________(live).Every year，a lot of tourists come here 54.________(watch) these birds.And many wildlife 55.________(love) come to take photos. 第三部分　阅读(共两节，满分40分) 第一节　阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Do you know any rivers in the world？Actually，rivers are the history of civilization.Now，let's take a look at them. The Nile The Nile is traditionally considered to be about 4，132 miles long.It passes through many countries before ending at the Mediterranean Sea (地中海).Some people disagreed about where the river starts，but now people have reached an agreement.The Nile makes the land suitable (合适的) for the plants' growth.This is why the ancient people lived there. The Volga This river is the longest river in Europe and is about 2，294 miles long.The Volga is so wide that you can't see the other side！However，the river is polluted because factories pour waste into it.That makes it hard for people there to make a living. The Danube This is the second longest river in Europe.It is about 1，770 miles long and it runs from the Black Forest Mountains in Germany to the Black Sea.Many tourists enjoy the beauty of the river and the river has also encouraged artists throughout the history.One of the most famous pieces of classical music written for it is The Blue Danube. 56.How long is the Nile? A．About 3，132 miles long. B．About 4，132 miles long. C．About 2，294 miles long. D．About 1，770 miles long. 57．Why is the Volga polluted? A．Because other countries pour waste water into it. B．Because more and more villagers throw rubbish into it. C．Because factories pour waste into it. D．Because tourists throw rubbish into it. 58．Which of the following is NOT true according to the text? A．The Volga is the longest river in Europe. B．People are still questioning the starting of the Nile. C．The conditions along the Nile are good for plants. D．The Danube is related to the music work The Blue Danube. B We often hear about people climbing mountains like Mount Qomolangma in Asia，Mount Kilimanjaro in Africa and Mont Blanc in Europe.What about Mount Denali (德纳里山) in America? Denali in Denali National Park in Alaska is the highest top in North America.It is about 20，308 feet from the base to the top of Denali. Denali is one of the most d… mountains in the Western for mountain climbers.Denali is closer to the North Pole (北极) than other tall mountains.This means that the air is thinner，so it's harder for climbers. The first group of climbers got to the top of Denali in 1909.Two other groups were successful after that.The next group got to the top in 1947.This group had a husband and a wife，Bradford and Barbara Washburn.Barbara was the first woman to successfully climb the mountain.The Washburns were not climbing for sport；they were explorers.In the field of mountain mapping，Bradford Wash－burn was one of the best.The Washburns mapped many mountains and the Grand Canyon.Bradford dreamed of mapping Mount Qomolangma project.Later they produced the best map ever made of Mount Qomolangma. 59．Where is Mount Denali? A．In Asia. B．In America. C．In Europe. D．In England. 60．【新考法 词句还原题】What is the proper word in the sentence“Denali is one of the most d… mountains in the Western for mountain climbers.”？ A．Different. B．Dark. C．Dangerous. D．Deep. 61．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To show dangerous trips. B．To compare all high mountains. C．To introduce Denali. D．To encourage some climbers. C The Big Stone River is one of the most amazing stone rivers in the world. The Big Stone River is the most interesting sight (景象) of Taganay National Park in Russia.Different from other rivers，it is filled with rocks and stones.Not a drop of water can be seen.Interestingly，as one comes near to the rocky river，the sound of running water can be heard.Rocks fell down from the mountains slowly and made the river of rocks. The Big Stone River is about 6 km long and is made up of many small rocky rivers.It cuts through a thick forest like a real river.It is about 200 metres wide and in some places，it is up to 700 metres wide.Some of the rocks weigh up to 10 tons each and the layer (层) of rocks goes down 6 metres deep. Scientists believe it is the consequence of the movement of glaciers (冰川) about 10，000 years ago.At that time，ice covered the top of the mountains.As time went by，the ice turned into water.Seeing the amazing river is a great experience.The best way to experience this natural wonder is from above.Come and visit it when you come to Russia. 62．Why is the Big Stone River special? A．Because it is in Taganay National Park. B．Because it is full of fish. C．Because it is impossible to see water there. D．Because the sound of running water is loud. 63．How wide is the widest part of the Big Stone River? A．6 metres. B．200 metres. C．700 metres. D．6，000 metres. 64．Which of the following is TRUE according to the pass－age? A．The Big Stone River is the only stone river in the world. B．The Big Stone River is a real river through a thick forest. C．The Big Stone River is made up of some big rocky rivers. D．Enjoying the Big Stone River from a higher place is the best way. 65．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Big Stone River B．A Very Amazing Stone C．An Unforgettable Experience D．A Running River D The Sahara is the largest desert in the world.It covers 11 countries in North Africa and is over 9 million square kilometres.It is a very difficult place to survive.Here is some advice for you. Take warm clothes and a blanket (毛毯).You will need a hat，long trousers and a thick sweater to keep you warm at night.During the day，cover your body，head and face.Clothes protect yourself from the sun and keep water in your body.You will also need a warm blanket at night.It can get cold rapidly. It's important to stay out of the sun during the day.Make a hole under your car and lie there.This will keep you cool and help you sleep. Find a warm place to sleep at night.A small place near a tree or a rock will be the warmest.But be careful before you decide where to sleep.Hazardous animals like snakes also like to sleep in these places.Watch for animals before you lie down，or they may hurt you. 66．What can we know about the Sahara from the first paragraph? A．It's the largest continent in the world. B．It's in North Africa. C．It is about 900，000 square kilometres. D．It's easy to live there. 67．What kind of clothes do people need in the Sahara? ①long trousers　②thick sweaters　③hats ④T－shirts　⑤shorts A．①②③ B．②③④ C．③④⑤ D．①②⑤ 68．Where can people stay during the daytime in the Sahara? A．In the sun. B．In the car. C．In the hole under the car. D．Near a tree. 69．What does the underlined word“Hazardous”mean? A．Brave. B．Friendly. C．Shy. D．Dangerous. 70．What is the best title for the passage? A．How to Survive in the Sahara B．Why Is the Sahara So Special C．Plants and Animals in the Sahara D．Interesting Facts About the Sahara 第二节　阅读表达(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 Yeshe Dolkar，15，lives in Nangqian County，Qinghai.On a cold snowy day，she saw two snow leopards near the headwaters of the Lancang River.“They have blue－green eyes and long fluffy (蓬松的) tails with black spots (斑点) all over the body.They look so cool！”Yeshe Dolkar said. Since the mid－20th century，the area of snow，grasslands and lakes in Sanjiangyuan has become smaller because of climate change and human activities.Wild animals like snow leopards have been endangered. On 22 July 2000，China set up Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve to better protect the area and the wildlife there.In these years，the population of wild animals has been rising. Local people have also learned how to protect Sanjiangyuan over the years.In Nangqian County，people used to leave dirty bags behind in grasslands.But now things have changed.According to Palden Wangchuk，a 22－year－old young man，people regularly pick up waste on the grasslands and take it down the mountains.“The grasslands have put on a new look，”he said.“As young people，we should protect our home and continue to live together with nature in harmony (和谐)，”Palden Wangchuk added. 71．What do the snow leopards look like? ________________________________________________________________________ 72．Why are the snow leopards in danger? ________________________________________________________________________ 73．Why is Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve a good idea? ________________________________________________________________________ 74．How do local people protect Sanjiangyuan? ________________________________________________________________________ 75．If you visit Sanjiangyuan and see some people throwing rubbish on the grasslands，what would you do to help protect the area？Why? ________________________________________________________________________ 第四部分　情景交际(满分10分) 补全对话(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 根据下面的对话情景，在空白处填入一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。 (Two students are talking about Mountain Hua.) A：What do you think is the most beautiful mountain in China? B：Mountain Hua，of course. A：76.________________ B：It's in Shaanxi Province. A：77.________________ B：It is about 2，154 metres high. A：Did you go there before? B：Yes，I did. A：78.________________ B：I went there last summer. A：79.________________ B：I went there with my parents.What about you？Did you go there before? A：80.________________ But I plan to go there this summer. B：I'm sure you will have a good time when you visit it. A：I hope so. 第五部分　写作(满分15分) 书面表达 81．假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Mary听说中国地大物博、山川秀丽、风景迷人，因此暑假要来中国旅游。请你根据她的问题回复邮件。 问题：Which places of interest should I visit？How can I get there？What's it famous for? 要求： 1．须回复以上所有问题，可适当发挥； 2．80词左右。短文开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Mary， I'm happy to hear that you are coming to visit China.______________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ I'm sure you will have a good time there. Yours， Li Hua 【详解答案】 听力材料 第一节　听句子，选择最佳答语 下面你将听到五个句子，每个句子读两遍。请你听完句子的第二遍朗读后，从每小题所给出的A、B、C 三个选项中，选出该句的最佳答语。 No.1.How long is the Yellow River? No.2.What do you think of Mount Tai? No.3.Why not go to the Sahara next summer holiday? No.4.I will go to Qinghai for a holiday tomorrow. No.5.Welcome to Angel Falls.I'm your guide today. 第二节　听对话和问题，选择正确答案 下面你将听到六组对话和十三个问题，每组对话和问题读两遍。请你听完对话和问题的第二遍朗读后，根据所听内容，从每小题所给出的A、B、C三个选项中，选出正确答案。 请听第一组对话，回答第6小题。 W：Wow，how great the Great Wall looks! M：Yes，it's one of the wonders of the world，which runs for thousands of kilometres. Question No.6.What are they talking about? 请听第二组对话，回答第7小题。 M：Betty，do you prefer the natural wonders or man－made ones? W：I like man－made ones better.I think it's amazing for human beings to make such wonders. Question No.7.Which place may Betty like best? 请听第三组对话，回答第8、9小题。 W：Do you know Qinghai Lake? M：Sure.It's in Qinghai，and it's beautiful. W：Yes.It covers about 4，600 square kilometres.And it takes about six hours to go around it by car. M：Many people like to travel there. W：Yes.The best time to visit there is July and August. M：Maybe I can plan a visit there this August. Question No.8.How big is Qinghai Lake? Question No.9.When will the boy visit Qinghai Lake? 请听第四组对话，回答第10～12小题。 W：Can you tell me something about the longest river in the world? M：Sure.It's the Nile. W：Where is it? M：It's in Africa. W：How long is it? M：It's 6，671 kilometres long.It passes through eleven countries. W：Have you visited the Nile，Mike? M：Yes，I went there last year. W：Thank you very much.I hope to have a chance to visit it one day. M：You will.Bye－bye. Question No.10.Where is the Nile? Question No.11.How long is the Nile? Question No.12.How many countries does the Nile pass through? 请听第五组对话，回答第13～15小题。 W：Can you tell me something about the longest river in China，Mike? M：Sure，it's the Yangtze River. W：How long is it? M：It's more than 6，300 kilometres. W：Wow，that's really a long river.Does it pass many places in China? M：Yes，it passes eleven provincial－level regions and it goes through China from the west to the east. W：Oh，it must be very important to China. M：Yes，of course. W：Thank you. Question No.13.What are the speakers talking about? Question No.14.How long is it? Question No.15.How many provincial－level regions does the river pass? 请听第六组对话，回答第16～18小题。 W：Hey，Wei Ming.What are you reading? M：I'm reading about the best national parks in China. W：It's impossible to choose the best national parks.There are too many wonderful parks. M：I visited several national parks in China.My favourite might be Giant Panda National Park.It's in Sichuan，Shaanxi and Gansu provinces.I went to the park in Sichuan Province. W：I heard of the park.It's home to giant pandas.What other parks did you visit? M：I visited two parks in Hunan Province. W：Which ones? M：One is Zhangjiajie National Forest Park.It is the most beautiful park I've seen before. W：What about the other one? M：I visited Dongjianghu National Wetland Park in Chenzhou.Its lakes and mount－ains are amazing to see. Question No.16.What is Wei Ming doing? Question No.17.What does Wei Ming think of Zhangjiajie National Forest Park? Question No.18.Where is Dongjianghu National Wetland Park? 第三节　听短文和问题，选择正确答案 下面你将听到两篇短文和七个问题，每篇短文和问题读两遍。请你听完短文和问题的第二遍朗读后，根据所听内容，从每小题所给出的A、B、C三个选项中，选出正确答案。 请听第一篇短文，回答第19～21小题。 The Yellow Mountain is one of the most famous mountains in China.It lies in the south of Anhui.The best time to visit the mountain is from March to November.Every year thousands of travellers go there.It's not far from Nanjing.It takes about two hours to get there by plane or 6 hours in a car.You can also go there by train or by bus.While you are climbing the mountain，you can enjoy the white clouds and wonderful stones around you.In the early morning，the sky looks very beautiful.It's really a nice place to visit. Question No.19.When is the best time to visit the Yellow Mountain? Question No.20.How long will it take you to get there by car from Nanjing? Question No.21.What can you enjoy while you are climbing the mountain? 请听第二篇短文，回答第22～25小题。 Mount Gongga，also called Minya Konka，lies in southwest China's Sichuan Province.Mount Gongga is 7，556 metres high and it's the highest mountain in Sichuan Province.It's also known to local people as“the King of the Shu Mountains”．In Tibetan language，“Gong”means ice and snow，and“Ga”means the colour white，so Gongga means white ice and snow mountain. In fact，Mount Gongga was very little known by the world before the year 1930.However，a great article The Glories of Minya Konka in a national geographic magazine made the mountain famous overnight that year.Mount Gongga is one of the most popular places for international climbers.However，it is really difficult for even experienced climbers. Question No.22.Where is Mount Gongga? Question No.23.How high is the mountain? Question No.24.What is the meaning of“Gong”in Tibetan language? Question No.25.When did the mountain become famous? 第四节　听短文填空 下面你将听到一篇短文，短文读两遍。请你听完短文的第二遍朗读后，根据短文的内容和提示，在信息表中相应的横线上填入所缺信息。 Rainforests are thick forests in the hot parts of the world.It's always wet and hot in rainforests.Rainforests cover 6% of the earth's surface.Thousands of animals live in the rainforests.Many of them live in the trees over 30 metres from the ground. Rainforests are very important to us.They help to keep the beauty of nature.Without rainforests，many beautiful plants and animals would die out.Rainforests also give us wood，food，fruit，medicine and many more useful things.But now，rainforests are becoming smaller and smaller，so we should protect them. 听力部分到此结束。 参考答案 1～5 CCCBB　6～7 AB　8～9 BC 10～12 CAC　13～15 CBA　16～18 CBA 19～21 BBA　22～25 CABC 26．wet　27.6　28.ground　29.nature 30．medicine 【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了作者上学途中偶然看到了一道亮光，仔细看过之后，发现是太阳照射到露珠上形成的，这次经历让作者发现了大自然的美，鼓励人们多关注和欣赏自然界中的美。 31．C　解析：句意：在我前面15英尺左右，突然有东西发出亮光，从草地里直射出来。ran跑；stopped停止；shone发光，照耀；flew飞。根据下文“What could make such a bright light？”可知，此处指有东西发出亮光，从草地里直射出来。故选C。 32．B　解析：句意：我等着看它是否会再亮一次，但没有。record记录；repeat重复；remain保持；return返回。根据上文“What could make such a bright light？”以及下文“I walked slowly toward it，but saw nothing.”可知，此处指作者第一次看到从草地里直射出来的光束之后，想看看这种光束是否会再次亮起，所以作者慢慢走向发光的地方，但是什么也没看到。故选B。 33．B　解析：句意：我低头看着草地，寻找金子之类的东西——又一次，什么也没有。flower花；grass草地；light光；picture图片。根据上文“I was walking on wet grass down to my school.Suddenly，something…straight from the ground”可知，作者想在草地上寻找发光的东西，所以他低头看着草地。故选B。 34．D　解析：句意：我蹲下来近距离观察了一下。quicker更快的；slower更慢的；farther更远的；closer更近的。根据上文“I looked down at the…，searching for gold or something like that—again，not－hing.”可知，作者走过去没有发现任何东西，就又蹲下来，近距离观察了一下。故选D。 35．D　解析：句意：初升的太阳正好从这个方向完美地照在草地的露珠上，把令人惊异的光反射向天空。strangely奇怪地；weakly虚弱地；carelessly粗心地；perfectly完美地。根据“The rising sun hit the grass' dewdrops (露珠)…from the very direction，sending amazing light into the sky.”并结合选项可知，初升的太阳正好从这个方向完美地照在草地的露珠上。故选D。 36．A　解析：句意：它说：“你好。看看你周围的东西。”Look at看；Look for寻找；Look up查阅；Look into 调查。根据上文“It was unbelievable！It was as though the unseen world was giving me a message.”可知，作者看到美丽的景象之后发出感叹，要看看那未被看见的世界，感受大自然的美。故选A。 37．B　解析：句意：所以下次你出去的时候，花点时间去看看大自然，它的美是我们大多数人从未见过的。gold黄金；nature大自然；bees蜜蜂；ants蚂蚁。根据“So next time you're out，take some time to notice…，whose beauty most of us have never even seen.”并结合露珠是大自然中的东西可知，此处指下次你出去的时候，花点时间去看看大自然。故选B。 38．A　解析：句意：注意一下覆盖在操场上的颜色鲜艳的小花。of……的；for对于；with和……一起；in在……里。根据“Take notice…the bright colours of small flowers that cover playing fields.”可知，此处指注意一下覆盖在操场上的颜色鲜艳的小花。take notice of“注意”。故选A。 39．B　解析：句意：观察忙碌的蜜蜂或小蚂蚁的一天。and和，表并列；or或者，表选择；but但是，表转折；so所以，表结果。根据“Watch busy bees…tiny ants going about their day.”可知，蜜蜂和小蚂蚁之间是选择关系，所以使用or。故选B。 40．C　解析：句意：欣赏大自然，这样你每天都会发现一个小小的新世界在你心里。notice通知；story故事；world世界；habit习惯。根据“Appreciate(欣赏)nature，and you'll find a tiny new…each day to keep in your heart.”及语境可知，欣赏大自然，这样你每天都会发现一个小小的新世界。故选C。 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了洪泽湖的相关信息及其重要性。 41．largest　42.was　43.got 44．finally　45.kinds　46.its 47．getting　48.and　49.on　50.an 51．to　52.national　53.to live 54．to watch　55.lovers A 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了世界上的三条著名河流。 56．B　解析：细节理解题。根据The Nile部分的“The Nile is traditionally considered to be about 4，132 miles long.”可知，传统上人们认为尼罗河有4 132英里长。故选B。 57．C　解析：细节理解题。根据The Volga部分的“However，the river is polluted because factories pour waste into it.”可知，伏尔加河被污染的原因是工厂把废物倒进河里。故选C。 58．B　解析：细节理解题。根据The Nile部分的“Some people disagreed about where the river starts，but now people have reached an agreement.”可知，现在人们对尼罗河的起点已经达成了共识。故选B。 B 【语篇解读】本文介绍了美国德纳里山的相关信息以及人们攀登它的情况。 59．B　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“What about Mount Denali (德纳里山) in America？”可知，德纳里山在美国。故选B。 60．C　解析：词句还原题。根据第三段“Denali is closer to the North Pole (北极) than other tall mountains.This means that the air is thinner，so it's harder for climbers.”可知，德纳里山是最危险的山之一，dangerous符合语境。故选C。 61．C　解析：目的意图题。本文介绍了美国德纳里山的相关信息以及人们攀登它的情况。所以本文的写作目的是介绍德纳里山。故选C。 C 【语篇解读】本文介绍了俄罗斯的大石河。 62．C　解析：细节理解题。根据“Different from other rivers，it is filled with rocks and stones.Not a drop of water can be seen.”可知，与其他河流不同的是，它充满了岩石和石块，一滴水也看不见。故选C。 63．C　解析：细节理解题。根据“It is about 200 metres wide and in some places，it is up to 700 metres wide.”可知，在某些地方，它的宽度可达700米。故选C。 64．D　解析：细节理解题。根据“The best way to experience this natural wonder is from above.”可知，最佳观赏位置是在高处。故选D。 65．A　解析：最佳标题题。文章通篇在介绍俄罗斯的大石河，故最佳标题为“The Big Stone River”。故选A。 D 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了撒哈拉沙漠的地理条件和气候情况，以及如何在撒哈拉沙漠生存的几条建议。 66．B　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“It covers 11 countries in North Africa and is over 9 million square kilometres.”可知，撒哈拉沙漠在北非。故选B。 67．A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“You will need a hat，long trousers and a thick sweater to keep you warm at night.”可知，在撒哈拉沙漠人们需要帽子、长裤和厚毛衣来保暖。故选A。 68．C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“It's important to stay out of the sun dur－ing the day.Make a hole under your car and lie there.”可知，在撒哈拉沙漠，白天可以待在车下面的坑里。故选C。 69．D　解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段“Hazardous animals like snakes also like to sleep in these places.Watch for animals before you lie down，or they may hurt you.”可知，像蛇这样的动物可能会伤到你，由此推知，这样的动物是危险的。画线词意为“危险的”。故选D。 70．A　解析：最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了撒哈拉沙漠的地理条件和气候情况及如何在撒哈拉沙漠生存的几条建议。所以“How to Survive in the Sahara”适合做本文最佳标题。故选A。 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了三江源国家级自然保护区设立后，在当地人们的努力下，环境变得越来越好的事情。 71．They have blue－green eyes and long fluffy tails with black spots all over the body. 72．Because the area of snow，grasslands，and lakes in Sanjiangyuan has become smaller due to climate change and human activities. 73．Because it was set up to better protect the area and the wildlife there. 74．By regularly picking up waste on the grasslands and taking it down the mountains. 75．I would pick up the rubbish with them and put it in a bag.Because the local people in Sanjiangyuan pick up waste to protect their home，and we should help keep the area clean for wildlife too.(合理即可) 76．Where is it? 77．How high is it/Mountain Hua? 78．When did you go there? 79．Who did you go there with? 80．No，I didn't. 81．One possible version： Dear Mary， I'm happy to hear that you are coming to visit China.I recommend Mount Huang to you，which is one of the most famous mountains in China.It lies in the south of Anhui.Every year，thousands of Chinese and foreigners pay a visit there.It is convenient to get there.You can go there by train or by plane. While climbing the mountain，you can enjoy the sea of clouds，beautiful pines and unique rocks around you.What's more，in the early morning，when the sun rises，the sky looks beautiful.You will never forget the breath－taking scenery and fresh mountain air. I'm sure you will have a good time there. Yours， Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $