内容正文:
外研英语七下Unit2 Go for it!
重要知识点讲解
一、重点单词详解
1. breath(n. 呼出的气;吸入的气)
同源词:breathe(v. 呼吸),可作及物或不及物动词(易混点:breath是名词,breathe是动词,拼写和发音区分记忆)
核心搭配:
hold one's breath(屏住呼吸)、take a deep breath(深呼吸)、out of breath(喘不过气)
例句:
① When the teacher read the exam results, I held my breath.(老师宣读考试成绩时,我屏住了呼吸。)
② After running up the stairs, my little sister was out of breath.(跑上楼梯后,我妹妹喘不过气来。)
③ Let's take a deep breath before we start the game.(开始游戏前,我们深呼吸一下吧。)
2. seem(v. 看来;似乎;好像)
核心搭配:
seem + 形容词(看起来……)、seem + 名词(看起来像……)、seem to do sth.(似乎要做某事)
拓展:seem to do sth. 可与 It seems that + 句子同义转换
例句:
① The new student seems friendly to everyone.(这个新学生看起来对每个人都很友好。)
② It seems a good idea to go for a walk after dinner.(晚饭后散步似乎是个好主意。)
③ She seems to know the answer to the difficult question.(她似乎知道这道难题的答案。)
④ It seems that he will not come to the party today.(他今天似乎不会来参加派对了。)
3. possible(adj. 可能的;可能做到的)
反义词:impossible(adj. 不可能的),前缀im-表否定(类比impolite“不礼貌的”)
核心搭配:
If possible(如果有可能)、It is possible (for sb.) to do sth.(对某人来说,做某事是可能的)
例句:
① It is possible for us to finish our homework before 7 o'clock.(对我们来说,7点前完成作业是可能的。)
② If possible, I want to join the school sports club.(如果有可能,我想加入学校体育俱乐部。)
③ It is impossible to finish the work in one hour.(一小时内完成这项工作是不可能的。)
4. raise(v. 筹集;举起;饲养)
核心搭配:
raise money(筹款)、raise one's hand(举手)、raise a pet(养宠物)
例句:
① We plan to raise money for the poor students in our school.(我们计划为学校里的贫困学生筹款。)
② Please raise your hand if you know the right answer.(如果你知道正确答案,请举手。)
③ My grandpa raises some chickens and ducks in the countryside.(我爷爷在乡下养了一些鸡和鸭。)
5. encourage(v. 鼓励;激励)
名词形式:encouragement(鼓励)
核心搭配:encourage sb. to do sth.(鼓励某人做某事)(易错点:不可省略to)
例句:
① My teacher always encourages me to practice English more.(我的老师总是鼓励我多练习英语。)
② Parents should encourage their children to do more exercise.(父母应该鼓励孩子多做运动。)
③ Her words encouraged me to keep trying.(她的话鼓励我继续努力。)
6. fit(adj. 健壮的;健康的;v. 适合)
易混提示:与healthy(adj. 健康的)同义,fit侧重“锻炼后的健壮状态”,healthy范围更广(可修饰饮食、生活习惯等)
核心搭配:
keep fit(保持健康)、stay fit(保持健康)、fit sb./sth.(适合某人/某物)
例句:
① He keeps running every morning to keep fit.(他每天早上跑步以保持健康。)
② This pair of sports shoes fits me very well.(这双运动鞋很适合我。)
③ Eating more vegetables helps us stay fit and healthy.(多吃蔬菜帮助我们保持健康健壮。)
7. brave(adj. 勇敢的;无畏的)
副词形式:bravely(勇敢地),用于修饰动词
核心搭配:
a brave person(勇敢的人)、brave actions(勇敢的行为)、face sth. bravely(勇敢面对某事)
例句:
① The brave boy saved a little cat from the big tree.(那个勇敢的男孩从大树上救下了一只小猫。)
② She acted bravely when she saw the accident.(看到那场事故时,她表现得很勇敢。)
③ We should learn to face difficulties bravely.(我们应该学会勇敢面对困难。)
8. dream(n. 梦想;愿望;v. 梦想;渴望)
核心搭配:
dream of doing sth.(梦想做某事)、realize one's dream(实现某人的梦想)、a lifelong dream(毕生梦想)
例句:
① His dream is to become a football player.(他的梦想是成为一名足球运动员。)
② She dreams of running a marathon one day.(她梦想有一天能跑马拉松。)
③ With hard work, we can realize our dreams.(通过努力,我们能实现自己的梦想。)
9. member(n. 成员;会员)
复数形式:members,结合本单元体育话题,常与team搭配
核心搭配:
team members(队员)、a member of...(……的一员)、family members(家庭成员)
例句:
① All team members are training hard for the coming match.(所有队员都在为即将到来的比赛刻苦训练。)
② My brother is a member of the school running team.(我弟弟是学校跑步队的一员。)
③ We are all members of the same class.(我们都是同一个班的成员。)
二、重点短语详解
1. hold one's breath(屏住呼吸;屏息静气)
用法:one's 需替换为形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/our/their);breath 是名词,不可误写为动词breathe
拓展:take a deep breath(深呼吸)、out of breath(喘不过气)
例句:
① All the students held their breath when the runner was close to the finishing line.(当跑步者接近终点线时,所有学生都屏住了呼吸。)
② He held his breath and dived into the swimming pool.(他屏住呼吸,潜入了游泳池。)
③ After running fast, she was out of breath and had to stop to rest.(快速跑完后,她喘不过气,不得不停下来休息。)
2. make sb. do sth.(使某人做某事)
用法:make 为使役动词,后接动词原形作宾语补足语,不可加to;被动语态需还原to(sb. be made to do sth.)
例句:
① The exciting football match made all of us cheer loudly.(这场激动人心的足球比赛让我们所有人都大声欢呼。)
② My mother makes me clean my room every weekend.(我妈妈每周都让我打扫房间。)
③ The bad weather made us stay at home instead of going out to play.(糟糕的天气让我们待在家里,而不能出去玩。)
3. try to do sth.(尽力做某事;设法做某事)
易混区分:try to do sth.(尽力做,强调努力过程) vs try doing sth.(试着做,强调尝试新方法)
例句:
① I will try to finish my homework before my parents come back.(我会尽力在父母回来前完成作业。)
② She tried to run faster to catch up with the other students.(她尽力跑得更快,以便赶上其他学生。)
③ If you can't open the box, try pulling it hard.(如果你打不开盒子,试着用力拉它。)
4. give up(放弃)
用法:后接名词、代词或动名词(give up doing sth.);代词作宾语时,需放在give和up中间(give it up)
例句:
① Never give up your dreams, no matter how difficult they are.(无论梦想有多难,都不要放弃。)
② He decided to give up eating junk food because it's bad for his health.(他决定放弃吃垃圾食品,因为这对他的健康有害。)
③ She didn't give up practicing running even when she felt tired.(即使感到累,她也没有放弃练习跑步。)
5. at the age of(在……岁时)
同义表达:at + 年龄(简化形式)、when sb. was/were + 年龄 + years old(时间状语从句)
例句:
① He started to learn swimming at the age of 7.(他7岁时开始学游泳。)
② She joined the school basketball team at 12.(她12岁时加入了学校篮球队。)
③ My father began to work when he was 20 years old.(我爸爸20岁时开始工作。)
6. encourage sb. to do sth.(鼓励某人做某事;激励某人做某事)
用法:sb. 为人称代词时,需用宾格;encourage 后接不定式to do sth.,不可省略to
例句:
① My teacher encourages me to take part in the school sports meeting.(我的老师鼓励我参加学校运动会。)
② Parents always encourage their children to keep fit by doing exercise.(父母总是鼓励孩子通过锻炼保持健康。)
③ She encouraged me to try my best in the running race.(她鼓励我在跑步比赛中尽最大努力。)
7. even worse(更糟糕的是)
用法:worse 是bad/ill(形)、badly(副)的比较级,用于引出更糟糕的情况,表语气递进
拓展:worst(最糟糕的),常用短语 worst of all(最糟糕的是)
例句:
① I missed the bus, and even worse, it began to rain heavily.(我错过了公交车,更糟糕的是,天开始下大雨了。)
② He failed the exam, and even worse, he lost his textbook.(他考试不及格,更糟糕的是,他还丢了课本。)
③ I hurt my leg, and even worse, I couldn't take part in the sports meeting.(我伤到了腿,更糟糕的是,我不能参加运动会了。)
8. take every chance to do sth.(抓住每个机会做某事)
用法:chance 为名词(机会),take a chance 表示“冒险、碰运气”
例句:
① Take every chance to practice your oral English in class.(在课堂上抓住每个机会练习英语口语。)
② He takes every chance to exercise, so he is very fit.(他抓住每个机会锻炼,所以身体很健壮。)
③ We should take every chance to learn new things.(我们应该抓住每个机会学习新东西。)
9. pay attention to(注意;关注)
用法:to 为介词,后接名词、代词或动名词,不可接动词原形;单独使用 pay attention(不接宾语,表“专心”)
例句:
① Please pay attention to what the teacher is saying in class.(课堂上请注意老师正在说的话。)
② He didn't pay attention to the traffic lights and almost got hit by a car.(他没注意红绿灯,差点被车撞到。)
③ The teacher told us to pay attention in class.(老师告诉我们上课要专心。)
三、重点句型详解
1. All of them held their breath.(他们全都屏住呼吸。)
句型结构:All of + 复数名词/代词 + 谓语动词(复数)
用法:all of 后接复数名词(需加限定词)或复数代词(宾格);核心短语 hold one's breath
例句:
① All of us are looking forward to the school sports meeting.(我们所有人都期待着学校运动会。)
② All of the students held their breath when watching the magic show.(观看魔术表演时,所有学生都屏住了呼吸。)
③ All of my friends like playing table tennis after school.(我所有的朋友放学后都喜欢打乒乓球。)
2. This made him fall behind.(这使他落后了。)
句型结构:主语 + make + sb. + do sth.(使某人做某事)
用法:make 为使役动词,后接动词原形作宾补;fall behind(落后) 为固定短语
例句:
① The heavy rain made us stay at home.(大雨让我们待在了家里。)
② His carelessness made him fall behind other students in the exam.(他的粗心使他在考试中落后于其他学生。)
③ The funny story made all of us laugh loudly.(这个有趣的故事让我们所有人都大声笑了起来。)
3. Either choice seemed fine for someone at his age.(对于他这个年龄的人来说,两个选择中的任何一个似乎都不错。)
句型结构:Either + 单数名词 + seem(s) + 形容词 + for sb.
用法:either(两者中的任何一个) 后接单数名词,谓语动词用单数;seem 后接形容词表“似乎……”
例句:
① Either book is suitable for beginners.(这两本书中的任何一本都适合初学者。)
② Either pen seems good for me to write with.(这两支钢笔中的任何一支我用着都不错。)
③ Either sport seems interesting for the little boy.(这两项运动对于这个小男孩来说似乎都很有趣。)
4. If possible, I will keep running.(如果有可能,我会继续奔跑。)
句型结构:If possible, + 主句(一般将来时)
用法:If possible = If it is possible(省略形式);遵循“主将从现”原则
例句:
① If possible, I want to join the school running team.(如果有可能,我想加入学校跑步队。)
② If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go for a picnic.(如果明天不下雨,我们就去野餐。)
③ If possible, she will try to finish the work on time.(如果有可能,她会尽力按时完成工作。)
5. None of his family members worried or tried to stop him.(他的家庭成员全都不担心,也没有试图阻止他。)
句型结构:None of + 复数名词/代词 + 谓语动词(单复数均可)
用法:none(三者或以上都不) 表否定,后接复数名词或代词;并列谓语时态一致
例句:
① None of the students have finished their homework yet.(没有一个学生完成作业。)
② None of my friends likes playing football.(我的朋友中没有一个人喜欢踢足球。)
③ None of the books are about sports.(这些书中没有一本是关于体育的。)
四、易错易混辨析
1. someone、anyone、no one 与 everyone
单词
含义与用法
例句
someone
同somebody,意为“某人;有人”,常用在肯定句中
Someone left a schoolbag in the classroom.(有人把书包落在了教室里。)
anyone
同anybody,否定句/疑问句中表“有人”;肯定句中表“任何人”
① Is there anyone in the teachers' office?(教师办公室里有人吗?)② Anyone can join this sports club.(任何人都可以加入这个体育俱乐部。)
no one
同nobody,意为“没有人”,后不接of短语,谓语用单数
No one knows where he went after class.(没人知道他下课后去了哪里。)
everyone
同everybody,意为“所有人;每个人”,后不接of短语,谓语用单数
Everyone in our class likes playing sports.(我们班每个人都喜欢做运动。)
易错提示:no one 和 everyone 后均不接of短语
2. die、death 与 dead
单词
词性
含义与用法
例句
die
动词(短暂性)
意为“死去;死亡”,强调动作,不与时间段连用
His grandma died three years ago.(他奶奶三年前去世了。)
dead
形容词
意为“死的;去世的”,强调状态,可与时间段连用(be dead)
The old dog has been dead for a month.(那只老狗已经死了一个月了。)
death
名词
意为“死亡;去世”,作主语或宾语
We were sad about the death of our pet cat.(我们为我们宠物猫的去世而难过。)
易错提示:不可说“He has died for two years.”,正确表达为“He has been dead for two years.”
3. try to do sth. 与 try doing sth.
短语
含义
例句
try to do sth.
尽力做某事,强调努力过程
I tried to finish my homework before 8 o'clock, but I failed.(我尽力在8点前完成作业,但失败了。)
try doing sth.
试着做某事,强调尝试新方法
If you can't open the door, try turning the key the other way.(如果你打不开门,试着把钥匙反方向转一转。)
4. compare with 与 compare to
短语
含义
例句
compare with
把A和B相比较,对比异同
Compared with last term, my English score has improved a lot.(和上学期相比,我的英语成绩提高了很多。)
compare to
把A比作B,类比相似点
People often compare a teacher to a candle.(人们常把老师比作蜡烛。)
5. fit 与 healthy
单词
含义与侧重点
例句
fit
adj. 健壮的;健康的(侧重锻炼后的状态);v. 适合
① He keeps running every day to stay fit.(他每天跑步以保持健壮。)② This shirt fits me well.(这件衬衫很适合我。)
healthy
adj. 健康的(范围更广,可修饰饮食、习惯等)
① Eating more vegetables is good for our health.(多吃蔬菜对我们的健康有益。)② She has a healthy lifestyle.(她有健康的生活方式。)
6. pay attention 与 pay attention to
短语
用法
例句
pay attention
单独使用,不接宾语,表“注意;专心”
The teacher told us to pay attention in class.(老师告诉我们上课要专心。)
pay attention to
后接名词、代词或动名词,to为介词
You should pay attention to your pronunciation when speaking English.(说英语时,你应该注意你的发音。)
易错提示:不可说“pay attention to read books”,正确表达为“pay attention to reading books”
(
1
)
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$